Method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data and device thereof

Abstract

A method for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data and a device thereof; the method comprising the steps of: step S1: determining an electric field polarization direction in a measuring area, and arranging electromagnetic field sensors according to the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area, step S2: respectively collecting artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals, step S3: respectively Fourier-transforming the collected electromagnetic field signals, thereby obtaining the electromagnetic field values corresponding to the artificial source, and the collected electromagnetic field signals corresponding to n groups of natural sources, step S4: calculating to obtain the underground tensor impedances according to the electromagnetic field values corresponding to the artificial source and the electromagnetic field signals corresponding to n groups of natural sources that are obtained based on the least square method, step S5.

Claims

1. A method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data, comprising the steps of: step S1: determining an electric field polarization direction in a measuring area, and arranging electromagnetic field sensors according to the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area, step S2: respectively collecting artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals, step S3: respectively Fourier-transforming the collected electromagnetic field signals, thereby obtaining electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s corresponding to the artificial source, and the collected electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources, wherein i=1:n, step S4: obtain the underground tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy according to the electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s, corresponding to the artificial source and the electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources that are obtained based on the least square method, step S5: rotating the underground tensor impedances of all measuring points to the same direction, thereby completing the three-dimensional analysis and inversion of the whole measuring area.

2. The method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 1, wherein step S1 further comprises the steps of: step S100: obtaining a polarization vector pattern of a high-power antenna surface electric field, step S101: determining the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area according to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field and the actual relative position of the measuring area and the high-power transmitting source, step S102: according to the obtained electric field polarization direction in the measuring area, arranging sensors for collecting electric fields components Ex and Ey and sensors for collecting magnetic fields components Hx and Hy at different measuring points in the measuring area.

3. The method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 2, wherein in step S101, the corresponding relation between the positions of a plurality of measuring areas relative to the transmitting source and the electric field polarization angle are pre-established according to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field, wherein in the implementation, the corresponding relation can be queried according to the relative position of the measuring area and the transmitting source, thereby determining the polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area.

4. The method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 2, wherein each sensor of each measuring point is required to be arranged at an angle of 45-degree from the polarization direction of the electric field to ensure that the intensities of the artificial source electromagnetic field received in the two vertical directions are basically consistent.

5. The method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 4, wherein the arrangement of each sensor needs to ensure that Ex and Ey are perpendicular, Hx and Hy are perpendicular and Ex and Hx are parallel.

6. The method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx, and Zyy can be obtained by optimally solving the following formula by using the least square method: $\begin{array}{c}P=\stackrel{n}{\underset{i=1}{.Math.}}.Math.\left({\mathrm{Ex}}_i-{\mathrm{ZxxHx}}_i-{\mathrm{ZxyHy}}_i\right)+\\ {\left({\mathrm{Ey}}_i-{\mathrm{ZyxHx}}_i-{\mathrm{ZyyHy}}_i\right).Math.}^2+\alpha \\ .Math.\mathrm{Wx}\left({\mathrm{Ex}}_s-{\mathrm{ZxxHx}}_s-{\mathrm{ZxyHy}}_s\right)+\\ {\mathrm{Wy}\left({\mathrm{Ey}}_s-{\mathrm{ZyxHx}}_s-{\mathrm{ZyyHy}}_s\right).Math.}^2=\mathrm{Min}.\end{array}$ wherein Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy are the underground tensor impedances to be evaluated, Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i are the collected natural source data, Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s are the collected artificial source data, Wx and Wy are the data weights of the artificial source, and a is the weight of the artificial source signal.

7. The method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 6, wherein assuming that the included angle between the sensor and the polarization direction of the electric field is β, the weight W=1−β/90.

8. The method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 6, wherein the artificial source signal weight α is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal strength of the artificial source electric field, wherein the greater the signal-to-noise ratio is, the greater its value is.

9. A device for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data, comprising: an electric field polarization direction determining unit used for determining the polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area, wherein the electromagnetic field sensors are arranged according to the determined polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area, an electromagnetic receiver used for respectively collecting artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals, a signal processing unit used for respectively Fourier-transforming the collected electromagnetic field signals, thereby obtaining electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s corresponding to the artificial source, and the collected electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources, wherein i=1:n, an underground tensor impedance calculating unit used for calculating to obtain the underground tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy according to the electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s corresponding to the artificial source and the electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources that are obtained based on the least square method, and an underground tensor impedance rotating unit used for rotating the underground tensor impedances of all measuring points to the same direction, thereby completing the three-dimensional analysis and inversion of the whole measuring area.

10. The device for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 9, wherein the electric field polarization direction determining unit obtains the polarization vector pattern of a high-power antenna surface electric field, and determines the polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area according to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the electric field and the actual relative position of the measuring area and the high-power transmitting source.

11. The method for collecting and processing tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of claim 3, wherein each sensor of each measuring point is required to be arranged at an angle of 45-degree from the polarization direction of the electric field to ensure that the intensities of the artificial source electromagnetic field received in the two vertical directions are basically consistent.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of the present invention;

(2) FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of a device for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of the present invention;

(3) FIG. 3 is a polarization vector pattern of a high-power antenna surface electric field in the embodiment of the present invention; and

(4) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the electromagnetic receiver collecting the data of each sensor in the embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(5) Drawings and detailed embodiments are combined hereinafter to elaborate the technical principle of the present invention. The contents disclosed in the specification allow those skilled in the art to easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention. The present invention may be practiced or performed through other embodiments, and the details of the description may be modified or altered based on different applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

(6) FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of the present invention, comprising the steps of:

(7) Step S1: determining an electric field polarization direction in a measuring area, and arranging electromagnetic field sensors according to the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area;

(8) In an embodiment of the present invention, step S1 further comprises the steps of:

(9) Step S100: obtaining a polarization vector pattern of a high-power antenna surface electric field; in the embodiment of the present invention, the polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field can be obtained based on a stratum-air layer-ionosphere coupling model; namely, the polarization angle of the high-power antenna surface electric field can be calculated and obtained through the stratum-air layer-ionosphere coupling model;

(10) Step S101: determining the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area according to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field and the actual relative position of the measuring area and the high-power transmitting source; specifically, in the embodiment, as the location of the transmitting source is known, and the location of the measuring area is determined, according to the relative position (e.g., the angle and the transmitting-receiving distance) of the measuring area and the transmitting source, and referring to the polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field, the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area can be obtained;

(11) Preferably, in step S101, according to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field, a corresponding relation between the relative position (e.g., the connection angle) of the measuring area and the transmitting source and the electric field polarization angle can be pre-established; in the embodiment, the corresponding relation is queried according to the actual relative position of the measuring area and the high-power transmitting source, thereby determining the electric field polarization direction in the measuring area;

(12) Step S102: according to the obtained electric field polarization direction in the measuring area, arranging sensors for collecting electric fields components Ex and Ey and sensors for collecting magnetic fields components Hx and Hy at different measuring points in the measuring area; generally, each sensor of each measuring point is required to be arranged at an angle of 40-to-50-degree from the polarization direction of the electric field; in the embodiment of the present invention, each sensor of each measuring point is required to be arranged at an angle of 45-degree from the polarization direction of the electric field as much as possible to ensure that the intensities of the artificial source electromagnetic field received in the two vertical directions are basically consistent; the arrangement of each sensor needs to ensure that Ex and Ey are perpendicular, Hx and Hy are perpendicular and Ex and Hx are parallel;

(13) Step S2: respectively collecting artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals; in the present invention, the data collected by each sensor can be collected by an electromagnetic receiver; in one embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic receiver can respectively record the collected artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and the natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals through an artificial-source signal-collecting module and a natural-source signal-collecting module; specifically, the artificial-source signal-collecting module automatically collects signals collected by each sensor when the transmitting source transmits signals according to a preset transmitting frequency table, whereas the natural-source signal-collecting module automatically collects the natural field data collected by each sensor when the transmitting source stops transmitting; in another embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic receiver can select the collected data according to the transmitting time of the transmitting source and the transmitting frequency table, thereby obtaining the corresponding artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and the natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals; specifically, as the data collected by the sensor is the data in a time sequence (voltage values that vary over time), the corresponding time sequence may be taken as the artificial source data according to the transmitting time and the transmitting frequency table (the transmitting time, the transmitting frequency and the length of the transmitting time are preset before the signal transmission); for the natural source data, the signals generated by the transmitting source can be removed as an interference by adopting the traditional MT(Magneto-Telluric) method, thereby obtaining the natural source data; it's worth mentioning that the present invention is not limited thereto;

(14) Step S3: respectively Fourier-transforming the collected electromagnetic field signals, thereby obtaining the electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s corresponding to the artificial source, and the collected electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources, wherein i=1:n; as the Fourier transformation belongs to the prior art, which is briefly described herein;

(15) Step S4: calculating to obtain the underground tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy according to the electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s corresponding to the artificial source and the electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources that are obtained based on the least square method;

(16) For the data obtained by the field observation contains noise, in the present invention, the tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx, and Zyy can be obtained by optimally solving the following formula (one) by using the least square method:

(17) $\begin{array}{cc}\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{n}{\underset{i=1}{.Math.}}.Math.\left({\mathrm{Ex}}_i-{\mathrm{ZxxHx}}_i-{\mathrm{ZxyHy}}_i\right)+\\ {\left({\mathrm{Ey}}_i-{\mathrm{ZyxHx}}_i-{\mathrm{ZyyHy}}_i\right).Math.}^2+\alpha \\ .Math.\mathrm{Wx}\left({\mathrm{Ex}}_s-{\mathrm{ZxxHx}}_s-{\mathrm{ZxyHy}}_s\right)+\\ {\mathrm{Wy}\left({\mathrm{Ey}}_s-{\mathrm{ZyxHx}}_s-{\mathrm{ZyyHy}}_s\right).Math.}^2=\mathrm{Min}.\end{array}& \left(\mathrm{Formula}\mathrm{one}\right),\end{array}$
wherein
Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy are the underground tensor impedances to be evaluated, Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i are the collected natural source data, Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s are the collected artificial source data, Wx and Wy are the data weights of the artificial source, and α is the weight of the artificial source signal; in the embodiment of the present invention, Wx and Wy can be determined according to the included angle between the direction of the sensor actually arranged in the field and the polarization direction of the electric field; specifically, assuming that the included angle between the sensor direction and the polarization direction of the electric field is β, the weight W=1−β/90; in the embodiment of the present invention, β is preferably a 45-degree angle for ensuring that the signal strength of transmitting sources in X and Y directions are consistent and the weights of the two directions are equal; the artificial source signal weight α is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal strength of the artificial source electric field; the greater the signal-to-noise ratio is, the greater its value is, wherein the calculation formula is α=20×1g(s/n);

(18) Step S5: rotating the underground tensor impedances of all measuring points to the same direction, thereby completing the three-dimensional analysis and inversion of the whole measuring area; specifically, after obtaining the underground tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy through step S4, the underground tensor impedances of all measuring points are rotated to the same direction by using the impedance rotation formula of the traditional MT (Magneto-Telluric)method, thereby completing the three-dimensional analysis and inversion of the whole measuring area, namely, completing the three-dimensional exploration of the measuring area.

(19) FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of a device for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data. As shown in FIG. 2, the device for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data of the present invention, comprising:

(20) An electric field polarization direction determining unit 20 used for determining the polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area, wherein the electromagnetic field sensors can be arranged according to the determined polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area;

(21) In one embodiment of the present invention, the electric field polarization direction determining unit 20 obtains the polarization vector pattern of a high-power antenna surface electric field, and determines the polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area according to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field and the actual relative position of the measuring area and the high-power transmitting source; specifically, the electric field polarization direction determining unit 20 obtains the polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field based on the stratum-air layer-ionosphere coupling model, namely, calculating to obtain the polarization angle of the high-power antenna surface electric field through the stratum-air layer-ionosphere coupling model, and determining the polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area according to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field and the actual relative position of the measuring area and the high-power transmitting source;

(22) In another embodiment of the present invention, the electric field polarization direction determining unit 20 obtains the polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field based on the stratum-air layer-ionosphere coupling model, and pre-establishes the corresponding relation between the relative positions (e.g., the connection angle) of a plurality of measuring areas and the transmitting source and the electric field polarization angle according to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the high-power antenna surface electric field; in the implementation, the corresponding relation can be queried according to the connection angle between the center of the receiving area (i.e., the measuring area) and the center of the high-power transmitting antenna, thereby determining the polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area;

(23) After the polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area is determined, the sensors for collecting the electric field components Ex and Ey and the magnetic field components Hx and Hy can be arranged at different measuring points in the measuring area according to the obtained polarization direction of the electric field in the measuring area; in the embodiment of the present invention, each sensor of each measuring point is required to be arranged at an angle of 45-degree from the polarization direction of the electric field as much as possible to ensure that the intensities of the artificial source electromagnetic field received in the two vertical directions are basically consistent; the arrangement of each sensor needs to ensure that Ex and Ey are perpendicular, Hx and Hy are perpendicular and Ex and Hx are parallel;

(24) An electromagnetic receiver 21 used for respectively collecting artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals; in the present invention, the electromagnetic receiver 21 comprises an artificial-source signal-collecting module 211 and a natural-source signal-collecting module 212 for respectively recording artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals; specifically, the artificial-source signal-collecting module 211 automatically collects signals collected by each sensor when the transmitting source transmits signals according to a preset transmitting frequency table, whereas the natural-source signal-collecting module 212 automatically collects the natural field data collected by each sensor when the transmitting source stops transmitting; in another embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic receiver 21 can select the collected data according to the transmitting time of the transmitting source and the transmitting frequency table, thereby obtaining the corresponding artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and the natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals; specifically, as the data collected by the sensor is the data in a time sequence (voltage values that vary over time), the corresponding time sequence may be taken as the artificial source data according to the transmitting time and the transmitting frequency table (the transmitting time, the transmitting frequency and the length of the transmitting time are preset before the signal transmission); for the natural source data, the signals generated by the transmitting source can be removed as an interference by adopting the traditional MT(Magneto-Telluric) method, thereby obtaining the natural source data; it's worth mentioning that the present invention is not limited thereto;

(25) A signal processing unit 22 used for respectively Fourier-transforming the collected electromagnetic field signals, thereby obtaining the electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s corresponding to the artificial source, and the collected electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources, wherein i=1:n; as the Fourier transformation belongs to the prior art, which is briefly described herein;

(26) An underground tensor impedance calculating unit 23 used for calculating to obtain the underground tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy according to the electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s corresponding to the artificial source and the electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources that are obtained based on the least square method;

(27) For the data obtained by the field observation contains noise, in the present invention, the tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx, and Zyy can be obtained by optimally solving the following formula (one) by using the least square method:

(28) $\begin{array}{cc}\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{n}{\underset{i=1}{.Math.}}.Math.\left({\mathrm{Ex}}_i-{\mathrm{ZxxHx}}_i-{\mathrm{ZxyHy}}_i\right)+\\ {\left({\mathrm{Ey}}_i-{\mathrm{ZyxHx}}_i-{\mathrm{ZyyHy}}_i\right).Math.}^2+\alpha \\ .Math.\mathrm{Wx}\left({\mathrm{Ex}}_s-{\mathrm{ZxxHx}}_s-{\mathrm{ZxyHy}}_s\right)+\\ {\mathrm{Wy}\left({\mathrm{Ey}}_s-{\mathrm{ZyxHx}}_s-{\mathrm{ZyyHy}}_s\right).Math.}^2=\mathrm{Min}.\end{array}& \left(\mathrm{Formula}\mathrm{one}\right),\end{array}$
wherein
Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy are the underground tensor impedances to be evaluated, Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i are the collected natural source data, Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s are the collected artificial source data, Wx and Wy are the data weights of the artificial source, and a is the weight of the artificial source signal; in the embodiment of the present invention, Wx and Wy can be determined according to the included angle between the direction of the sensor actually arranged in the field and the polarization direction of the electric field; specifically, assuming that the included angle between the sensor direction and the polarization direction of the electric field is β, the weight W=1−β/90; the artificial source signal weight α is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal strength of the artificial source electric field; the greater the signal-to-noise ratio is, the greater its value is, wherein the calculation formula is α=20×1g(s/n);

(29) An underground tensor impedance rotating unit 24 used for rotating the underground tensor impedances of all measuring points to the same direction, thereby completing the three-dimensional analysis and inversion of the whole measuring area; specifically, after obtaining the underground tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy through step S4, the underground tensor impedance rotating unit 24 rotates the underground tensor impedances of all measuring points to the same direction by using the impedance rotation formula of the traditional MT (Magneto-Telluric)method, thereby completing the three-dimensional analysis and inversion of the whole measuring area, namely, completing the three-dimensional exploration of the measuring area.

(30) The present invention is further described through a specific embodiment in following:

(31) First, a polarization vector pattern of a high-power antenna surface electric field is obtained based on the stratum-air layer-ionosphere coupling model, namely, as shown in FIG. 3, obtaining the polarization angle of the high-power antenna surface electric field. According to the obtained polarization vector pattern of the surface electric field and the actual relative position of the measuring area and the high-power transmitting source, the polarization angle of the electric field can be obtained. Namely, according to the relative position (e.g., the angle and the transmitting-receiving distance) of the measuring area and the transmitting source, and referring to FIG. 3 (the transmitting source is in the middle), the electric field polarization angle in the measuring area can be determined. In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the connection angle between the center of the measuring area and the center of the high-power transmitting antenna, and the pre-established corresponding relation between the connection angle between the measuring area and the transmitting source and the electric field polarization angle, the electric field polarization angle in the measuring area can also be determined. The pre-established corresponding relation is shown in Table 1 as below:

(32) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Connection Angle between the Measuring Area and the Electric Field Transmitting Source Polarization Angle  0° to 15° 90° 15° to 30° 45° 30° to 60°  0° 60° to 75° 45° 75° to 90° 90°

(33) In the field work, sensors for collecting electric fields components Ex and Ey and sensors for collecting magnetic fields components Hx and Hy are respectively arranged. In the embodiment of the present invention, each sensor of each measuring point is required to be arranged at an angle of 45-degree from the polarization direction of the electric field as much as possible to ensure that the intensities of the artificial source electromagnetic field received in the two vertical directions are basically consistent. The arrangement of each sensor needs to ensure that Ex and Ey are perpendicular, Hx and Hy are perpendicular and Ex and Hx are parallel.

(34) During the process of collecting electromagnetic signal data, the data can be collected by using an electromagnetic receiver. As shown in FIG. 4, the receiver comprises an artificial-source signal-collecting module and a natural-source signal-collecting module for respectively recording the collected artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and the natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals. After Fourier-transforming the collected electromagnetic field signals, the electromagnetic field values Ex.sub.s, Ey.sub.s, Hx.sub.s, and Hy.sub.s corresponding to the artificial source and the collected electromagnetic field signals Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i corresponding to n groups of natural sources can be obtained, wherein i=1:n.

(35) For the data obtained by the field observation contains noise, in the present invention, the tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx, and Zyy can be obtained by optimally solving the following formula (one) by using the least square method:

(36) $\begin{array}{cc}\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{n}{\underset{i=1}{.Math.}}.Math.\left({\mathrm{Ex}}_i-{\mathrm{ZxxHx}}_i-{\mathrm{ZxyHy}}_i\right)+\\ {\left({\mathrm{Ey}}_i-{\mathrm{ZyxHx}}_i-{\mathrm{ZyyHy}}_i\right).Math.}^2+\alpha \\ .Math.\mathrm{Wx}\left({\mathrm{Ex}}_s-{\mathrm{ZxxHx}}_s-{\mathrm{ZxyHy}}_s\right)+\\ {\mathrm{Wy}\left({\mathrm{Ey}}_s-{\mathrm{ZyxHx}}_s-{\mathrm{ZyyHy}}_s\right).Math.}^2=\mathrm{Min}.\end{array}& \left(\mathrm{Formula}\mathrm{one}\right),\end{array}$
wherein Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy are the underground tensor impedances to be evaluated, Ex.sub.i, Ey.sub.i, Hx.sub.i and Hy.sub.i are the collected natural source data, and Wx and Wy are the data weights of the artificial source, wherein Wx and Wy can be strictly determined according to the included angle between the direction of the sensor actually arranged in the field and the polarization direction of the electric field. Assuming that the included angle between the sensor direction and the polarization direction of the electric field is β, the weight W=1−β/90; α is the artificial source signal weight, and is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal strength of the artificial source electric field. The greater the signal-to-noise ratio is, the greater its value is, wherein the calculation formula is α=20×1g(s/n).

(37) After calculating to obtain the underground tensor impedances Zxx, Zxy, Zyx and Zyy, the underground tensor impedances of all measuring points are rotated to the same direction by using the impedance rotation formula of the traditional MT (Magneto-Telluric)method, thereby completing the three-dimensional analysis and inversion of the whole measuring area, namely, completing the three-dimensional exploration of the measuring area.

(38) In conclusion, the present invention provides a method for collecting and processing the tensor artificial-source electromagnetic signal data and a device thereof. According to the determined electric field polarization direction in the measuring area, electric field sensors are arranged at different measuring points in the measuring area. Artificial-source electromagnetic field signals and natural-field-source electromagnetic field signals are respectively collected by using an electromagnetic receiver, and the collected electromagnetic field signals are Fourier-transformed, thereby obtaining the electromagnetic field values corresponding to the artificial source, and the collected electromagnetic field signals corresponding to n groups of natural sources. The underground tensor impedances are calculated and obtained according to the electromagnetic field values corresponding to the artificial source and the electromagnetic field signals corresponding to n groups of natural sources that are obtained based on the least square method. Finally, the underground tensor impedances of all measuring points are rotated to the same direction, thus completing the three-dimensional analysis and inversion of the whole measuring area. The present invention achieves the purpose of obtaining the underground tensor impedances through transmitting signals by using a single antenna in one direction. Moreover, by means of the present invention, the transmitting cost of the ultra-low frequency electromagnetic method can be greatly reduced, the field working efficiency can be significantly improved, and the practicability of the method can be effectively enhanced.

(39) Meanwhile, the present invention provides a new development direction for the construction and data-processing of all artificial-source electromagnetic exploration methods, and simplifies the field construction of the traditional WEM (Wireless Electro-Magnetic) method and the CSAMT (Controlled Source Audio Magneto Telluric) method, greatly saving the cost while improving the working efficiency.

(40) The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the principle and efficacy of the present invention, and should not be construed as to limit the present invention in any way. Modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments described above by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention shall be defined by the claims.