Dry stacking system

Abstract

The invention concerns a dry stacking system (1) comprising: bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29), with a flat top face (8) and a flat bottom face (9) in which a groove (14, 15) is provided in the length direction; a wall tie (6); and an anchoring clamping element (7) which can be attached to the wall tie (6) and in adjacent grooves (14, 15) of a top-stacked brick (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) and a corresponding under-stacked brick (2, 3, 4, 5);
wherein at least one brick (2, 29) as an anchoring brick (2, 29) has one or more recesses (16) in its top face (8) and/or its bottom face (9) for receiving the wall tie (6) therein, wherein each recess (16) extends from a rear face (10) to beyond the corresponding groove (14). The invention also concerns an anchoring brick (2, 29) for such a dry stacking system (1), a facade (26) erected therewith, and a method for erecting such a facade (26).

Claims

1. A dry stacking system with bricks for erection of a facade, comprising: bricks, wherein each of said bricks has a top face and a bottom face which are configured to be flat in such a way that said bricks can be stacked with bottom faces of top-stacked bricks on top of top faces of under-stacked bricks, wherein the top face and the bottom face of each of said bricks have a groove which extends substantially in the length direction of said brick, in such a way that the groove in the bottom face of each top-stacked brick opens into corresponding grooves in the top face of the under-stacked bricks, and wherein at least one said brick is an anchoring brick that has one or more recesses configured for receiving a wall tie, each recess extending from a rear face of said anchoring brick to beyond the corresponding groove; and an anchoring clamping element which can be attached to the wall tie and arranged so as to be clamped in the adjacent grooves of a top-stacked brick and the corresponding under-stacked brick; wherein each recess is provided in the top face or in the bottom face and in a depth direction perpendicular to the top face or the bottom face, is delimited by a bottom, and the dimensions of the one or more recesses in a length direction of the bricks are configured such that a plurality of possibilities exist for positioning the wall tie other than a position between side faces of adjacent bricks.

2. The dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein each recess is formed substantially bar-shaped.

3. The dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein each recess extends from the rear face of the anchoring brick, viewed towards a front face of the anchoring brick, to a certain distance from the front face.

4. The dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein each recess is laterally delimited by upright edges of the anchoring brick, and that the upright edges and the anchoring clamping element are provided, on arrangement of the wall tie in each said recess and on clamping application of the anchoring clamping element in the corresponding groove, to cause said anchoring clamping element to engage with clamping effect in the corresponding groove in the corresponding upright edges on opposite sides of each said recess.

5. The dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding groove has a depth which is deeper than the depth of each recess.

6. The dry stacking system according to claim 5, wherein the corresponding groove and the anchoring clamping element are provided such that, on arrangement of the wall tie in each said recess and on clamping application of the anchoring clamping element in the corresponding groove, said anchoring clamping element engages with clamping effect in the corresponding groove at the bottom of each said recess.

7. The dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein the anchoring clamping element is provided with an anchor recess in which the wall tie may be arranged in order to make the anchoring clamping element attachable to the wall tie.

8. The dry stacking system according to claim 7, wherein the anchoring clamping element has several said anchor recesses in which the wall tie can be arranged, wherein the several anchor recesses are spread over the length direction so that the anchoring clamping element is made attachable to the wall tie in several corresponding positions.

9. The dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein at least one brick is configured as a hand-molded brick, a form casted brick, or a water-struck brick.

10. The dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein at least one groove is formed as a saw-cut.

11. The dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein each brick has a side face, such that the grooves originate from the side faces of the bricks and extend between the side faces of the bricks, and wherein the dry stacking system further comprises a locking element which can be arranged in adjacent grooves of bricks standing next to each other so as to fasten together the bricks standing next to each other.

12. A facade erected with the dry stacking system according to claim 1, wherein said wall tie of the dry stacking system is arranged in a said recess, and wherein said anchoring clamping element is attached to the wall tie and is arranged in grooves corresponding to the recess in top-stacked or under-stacked bricks.

13. A method for erecting a facade, using a dry stacking system according to claim 1, the method comprising: stacking said bricks above the other, such that: the anchoring brick with said recesses is arranged at the height of said wall tie, the anchoring clamping element is attached to the wall tie, the wall tie is arranged in a said recess, and the anchoring clamping element is arranged in grooves corresponding to the recess in top-stacked or under-stacked bricks.

Description

(1) In the detailed description, by means of reference signs, reference is made to the attached drawings in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a front view of a part of a facade erected with a dry stacking system according to this invention, with a groove and recesses in anchoring bricks according to this invention depicted in dotted lines, and wall ties arranged in recesses of these anchoring bricks;

(3) FIG. 2 shows in a perspective rear view how a wall tie with the anchoring clamping element is arranged in a recess of an anchoring brick of the dry stacking system from FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a top view of the anchoring brick with wall tie and anchoring clamping element from FIG. 2;

(5) FIG. 4 shows part of the facade from FIG. 1 in more detail at the level of anchoring brick according to this invention;

(6) FIG. 5 shows two bricks from FIG. 1 in cross-section, cut through the recess in which the wall tie is arranged, next to the wall tie;

(7) FIG. 6 shows the anchoring clamping element of the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 separately in a top view;

(8) FIG. 7 shows the anchoring clamping element of the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 separately in a rear view;

(9) FIG. 8 shows the anchoring clamping element of the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 separately in a side view;

(10) FIG. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of an anchoring clamping element for the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 in a top view;

(11) FIG. 10 shows the anchoring clamping element from FIG. 9 in a rear view;

(12) FIG. 11 shows the anchoring clamping element from FIG. 9 in a side view;

(13) FIG. 12 shows the anchoring clamping element from FIG. 9 in a perspective view from the rear;

(14) FIG. 13 shows an intermediate brick of the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 without recesses, in a perspective view from the rear;

(15) FIG. 14 shows a left corner brick of the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 in a perspective view from the rear;

(16) FIG. 15 shows a right corner brick of the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 in a perspective view from the rear;

(17) FIG. 16 shows an alternative corner brick for the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 in a perspective view from the rear;

(18) FIG. 17 shows a second alternative corner brick for the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 in a perspective view from the rear;

(19) FIG. 18 shows a locking element for the dry stacking system from FIG. 1 in perspective;

(20) FIG. 19 shows the locking element from FIG. 18 in a front view;

(21) FIG. 20 shows the locking element from FIG. 18 in a top view.

(22) The dry stacking system (1) shown comprises four types of brick (2, 3, 4, 5), a first basic brick type (3) as an intermediate brick (3), a second brick type (2) as an anchoring brick (2), a third brick type (4) as a corner brick (4), and a fourth brick type (5) as a corner brick (5). A first alternative brick (27), which may also serve as a corner brick (27) of the dry stacking system (1), is shown in FIG. 16. A second alternative brick (29), which may serve as a corner brick (29) of the dry stacking system (1), is shown in FIG. 17.

(23) The depicted bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) are hand-moulded bricks made of fired clay, but for example may also be produced as form casted bricks or water-struck bricks or natural stones or concrete bricks etc.

(24) All these bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) are provided with a top face (8) and a bottom face (9) which are designed parallel to each other and flat as laying faces (8, 9). To make these bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) flat, these laying faces (8, 9) may for example be ground off.

(25) Also, these bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) are provided with a groove (14, 15) in their top face (8) and in their bottom face (9), wherein the groove (14) in the top face (8) is arranged almost directly above the groove (15) in the bottom face (9). The grooves (14, 15) extend between the side faces (12, 13) of the bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) and in the case of intermediate bricks (3) and the first-mentioned anchoring bricks (2), also open into these side faces (12, 13). In the case of the corner bricks (4, 5, 27, 29), they do not open into the side face (12, 13) which is visible in a facade (26) formed therewith. These grooves (14, 15) each extend in the length direction of these bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29).

(26) Such grooves (14, 15) may also simply be produced as saw cuts.

(27) By arranging locking elements (28) in the grooves (14, 15) of bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) stacked next to each other, the bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) can be fastened together. By means of such locking elements (28), in this way both bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) stacked next to each other and bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) stacked on top of each other can be fastened.

(28) The depth of the grooves (14, 15) in the embodiment shown is selected such that there is still some tolerance for arranging such a locking element (28) therein. The depth of the groove (14) in the top face (8) is also delimited so as to ensure that a locking element (28) engaged in the groove (14) is also able to engage at least partly in a groove (15) in the bottom face (9) of a brick (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) stacked on top.

(29) Instead of allowing said grooves (14, 15) to open into the side faces (12, 13), these side faces (12, 13) may also for example alternatively be provided with corresponding recesses (16) for arrangement of such locking elements (28) for fastening together bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) stacked next to each other.

(30) Furthermore, on one or more top edges which may be visible in the stacked state of these bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29), these bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) are provided with a recess (20) in order to form a false joint between bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) stacked one above the other. It is namely often regarded as less aesthetically if hand-moulded bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29), form casted bricks or other bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) with irregular forms provided with flat laying faces (8, 9) are stacked one upon the other. By forming such a recess (20) in the production mould, the edge below this false joint (20) has an irregular form. In this way, the illusion is created of a joint with an irregular form between bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) stacked one upon the other.

(31) A first basic brick type (3), provided as an intermediate brick (3) for stacking between the other bricks (3), is configured completely in the manner described above. Such an intermediate brick (3) need not necessarily be present in the dry stacking system (1). Such an intermediate brick (3) may also easily be replaced in the dry stacking system (1) by an anchoring brick (2) as described below.

(32) A second brick type (2), configured as an anchoring brick (2), is also provided for anchoring of a wall tie (6) therein. For this, the first-mentioned anchoring brick (2) depicted has four recesses (16) in its top face (8) for receiving the wall tie (6) therein. When a wall tie (6) is reached during stacking of the bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29), such an anchoring brick (2) may be stacked at the level of this wall tie (6), wherein preferably the wall tie (6) can be arranged in one of these recesses (16). Such an anchoring brick (2) may be provided with one or more such recesses (16). In the second anchoring brick (29) depicted, a single recess (16) is provided. The longer the length of such an anchoring brick (2, 29), the more such recesses (16) can be provided. The shorter the length of such an anchoring brick (2, 29), the fewer such recesses (16) may be provided.

(33) Each of these recesses (16) is substantially bar-shaped with a release chamfer, so that these recesses (16) can also be formed in the mould in which the hand-moulded brick (2, 29) is formed. These recesses (16) extend from the rear face (10) of this anchoring brick (2, 29) (into which they open) to beyond the corresponding groove (14) in the top face (8) of this anchoring brick (2). Viewed from the rear face (10) of this anchoring brick (2, 29), each recess (16) extends to beyond half the top face (8). A front upright edge (19) of the anchoring brick (2, 29) delimits each recess (16) on the front side so as to conceal this recess (16) and any wall tie (6) arranged therein. The width of each of these recesses (16) is at least three times the diameter d of the wall tie (6) and at most four times this diameter d, so that the wall tie (6) can be received neatly therein.

(34) Each recess (16) is laterally delimited by upright edges (17, 18) which are produced over the full width so that the anchoring clamping element (7) described below can adequately engage in these upright edges (17, 18).

(35) The depth of each recess (16) must be at least the diameter of the wall tie (6). In the embodiment shown, there is also around 5 mm tolerance so that the wall tie (6) can easily be arranged in this recess (16).

(36) An anchoring clamping element (7) of the dry stacking system (1) shown is provided with two legs (24, 25) which are springy relative to each other so that this can be sprung-engaged in a groove (14) in the top face (8) of an anchoring brick (2, 29) and be clamped therein. Furthermore, this is also sufficiently springy to also be able to be arranged on the opposite side in a groove (15) on the bottom face (9) and be clamped therein. For this, such an anchoring clamping element (7) is preferably made of stainless steel. Alternatively, the anchoring clamping element (7) may for example also be made of a plastic which is selected in such a way that it can absorb the desired loads. The depicted anchoring clamping elements (7) are each provided with an anchor recess (23) for receiving the wall tie (6) therein. Alternatively, such an anchoring clamping element (7) may for example also be provided with several such anchor recesses (23), so that the wall tie (6) can be arranged optionally in any one of these anchor recesses (23). In the embodiments depicted, this anchor recess (23) opens at the underside of the anchoring clamping element (7). Alternatively, such anchor recess (23) may for example also open at the top side or at one of the lateral sides of this anchoring clamping element (7).

(37) After arranging the wall tie (6) in such an anchor recess (23) in the anchoring clamping element (7), this anchoring clamping element (7) can be arranged in the groove (14) in the top face (8) of the corresponding anchoring brick (2). This anchoring clamping element (7) may thus engage in the groove (14), at the side next to the recess (16) in which the wall tie (6) is arranged, in the upright edges (17, 18) which delimit this recess (16), and in the part of this groove (14) which extends deeper below this recess (16) than the recess (16).

(38) When a brick (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) is arranged above this anchoring brick (2, 29) at the level of the recess (23) in which the wall tie (6) is arranged, the anchoring clamping element (7) will also engage in the groove (15) in the bottom face of this brick (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29).

(39) The anchoring clamping elements (7) depicted may for example also be used as an aforementioned locking element for fastening together bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29) stacked next to one another. However, another design of locking element (28) may also be provided, as shown in FIGS. 18 to 20. This locking element (28) is made from one piece of stainless steel which is folded concertina-like into a wafer form.

(40) As an alternative to the anchoring element (7) or locking element (28) depicted, for example an anchoring element as described and shown in EP 1 412 588 B1 may also be selected, or a variant of this.

(41) In the dry stacking system (1) depicted, preferably at least six anchoring clamping elements (7) are provided per square metre of façade (26). The locking elements (28) are situated in each layer of the stacked bricks (2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29).

(42) A third brick type (4) and a fourth brick type (5) are corner bricks (4, 5). The grooves (14, 15) in the top face (8) and the bottom face (9) of these corner bricks (4, 5), which extend between the side faces (12, 13) of these corner bricks (4, 5), only open into the corresponding side face (12, 13) on the invisible side of these corner bricks (4, 5). In addition, in their top face (8) and in their bottom face (9), these corner bricks (4, 5) are provided with corresponding transverse grooves (21, 22) which open into the joining faces (10, 11) of these bricks (4, 5) at a position in which these grooves (21, 22) can connect to grooves (14, 15) in the intermediate bricks (3) or anchoring bricks (2) stacked adjacent thereto.

(43) The third brick type (4) and the fourth brick type (5) are designed as mirror images symmetrically with respect to a head side of this brick (4, 5).

(44) In alternative embodiments, these corner bricks (4, 5) from FIGS. 10 and 11 may also be combined in a single alternative corner brick (27, 29) which is provided with the grooves (14, 15, 21, 22) of both corner bricks (4, 5). A first embodiment of such an alternative corner brick (27) is shown in FIG. 16, and a second embodiment of such an alternative corner brick (29) is shown in FIG. 17. In these alternative corner bricks (27, 29), the grooves (14) which extend in the length direction do not open into the side faces (12, 13).

(45) In order to anchor these corner bricks (27, 29) to an intermediate brick (3) or anchor brick (2) arranged next to them at the side in their length direction, it is possible to cut off the respective end of this corner brick (27, 29), for example into a three-quarter brick, wherein the grooves (14-15) may then open into the newly formed side face. Such a corner brick (27, 29) may then be anchored to an intermediate brick (3) or anchoring brick (2) arranged next to this at the side by arranging a locking element (28) in the adjacent grooves (14, 15) of these bricks (27, 29, 3, 2).

(46) Alternatively, it is also possible to anchor this corner brick (27, 29) indirectly to an intermediate brick (3) or anchoring brick (2) arranged next to this at the side via an intermediate brick (3) or anchoring brick (2) stacked above or below this. For this, firstly the first locking element is arranged in the adjacent grooves (14, 15) of this corner brick (27) and the intermediate brick (3) or anchoring brick (2) stacked above or below this, and secondly a second locking element is arranged in the adjacent grooves (14, 15) of the intermediate brick (3) or anchoring brick (2) arranged next to this at the side in the length direction and in the intermediate brick (3) or anchoring brick (2) stacked above or below this.

(47) The second embodiment of the alternative corner brick (29) is also configured as an anchoring brick (29), and for this is provided with a single recess (16) in the same way as the anchoring bricks (2) described above.