ANCHOR FOR A SELF-CLIMBING STRUCTURE

Abstract

An anchor for self-climbing structure of the type used on vertical or near-vertical concrete surfaces that uses metal inserts in the precast concrete tower and interlocking spikes in the self-climbing structure that are provided with rotary and rocking movement is disclosed. The anchor affords the main advantage of minimising tensile and shear loads on the concrete of the tower with maximum contact and optimum load distribution, while also achieving self-correction of possible coupling positioning and alignment errors. All of this results in improved delivery and distribution of the loads from the climbing device to the concrete wall and general structure that allows larger sized loads to be lifted and withstood than existing devices.

Claims

1. An Anchor for self-climbing structure on a vertical or near-vertical concrete surface characterised in that it comprises on the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1), a plurality of metal inserts (5) fixed to the internal reinforcement of the segment, which form openings in the wall of the said segment, distributed at different heights on the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1), in the self-climbing structure (2), interlocking spikes (6), with a distribution and dimensions suitable for insertion and coupling in the metal inserts (5), located in frames (4a, 4b and 4c) of the said self-climbing structure (2), the interlocking spikes (6) being provided with means of horizontal and vertical displacement (7) and with means of approach and distancing (8) in relation to the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1), and the interlocking spikes (6) comprising an inner shaft (13), provided with a spherical end, a main body (12), enveloping the spherical end of the inner shaft (13), and provided with free rotation movement in relation to it, the lower part of the main body (12) being semi-circular, and end plates (14) attached to the front and rear ends of the main body (12), and which protrude from the said main body (12) at the bottom.

2. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein the metal inserts (5) are shaped as a hollow body (15) finished at both ends by two peripheral end surfaces (16) of a larger size, defining a common through-hole opening.

3. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1 wherein the openings in the wall formed by the metal inserts (5) are through-hole openings.

4. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein the openings in the wall formed by the metal inserts (5) are not through-hole openings, and form a hollow or niche.

5. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein the interlocking spikes (6) are distributed one per each frame (4a, 4b y 4c), the metal inserts (5) being distributed vertically aligned, one at each height established for coupling on the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1).

6. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein the interlocking spikes (6) are distributed in pairs, at the same height, on each frame (4a, 4b and 4c), the metal inserts (5) being distributed vertically aligned in groups of two at the same height, at each height established for coupling on the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1).

7. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein the interlocking spikes (6) are fixed by pairs, by means of the rear end of the inner shaft (13), on both ends of a central arm (9), provided with free rotation movement by means of a shaft (11) with respect to the main support (10) of the assembly.

8. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein the frames (4a, 4b and 4c) are self-motorised and movable along the self-climbing structure (2).

9. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein two of the frames (4b and 4c) are self-motorised and movable along the self-climbing structure (2), and at least one of them is a frame (4a) fixed to the self-climbing structure (2).

10. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein the interlocking spikes (6) are provided with multiple chamfers, both on the main body (12) and on the end plates (14).

11. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein the metal inserts (5) adopt a shape chosen from the group formed by a circular shape and a buttonhole shape, in which the top part is wider than the bottom part, the bottom part being semi-circular in shape.

12. The anchor for self-climbing structure, according to claim 1, wherein in a coupling position, the interlocking spikes (6) are inserted in some of the metal inserts (5), in such a way that the lower part of each main body (12) of the interlocking spike (6) is in contact with the inner part of the hollow body (15) of its corresponding metal insert (5), while the end plates (14) remain fitted against the peripheral end surfaces (16) of the metal inserts (5).

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0023] To gain a better understanding of the object of this invention, a preferred practical embodiment of an anchor for self-climbing structure is shown in the drawing attached. In the said drawing, FIG. 1—shows a general view of a vertical or near-vertical concrete surface, consisting, in this example, of a modular precast concrete tower with a self-climbing structure supporting a crane, showing amplified details of the top coupling, self-motorised and movable along the self-climbing structure, of the more or less intermediate coupling of the self-climbing structure, and of some metal inserts in one of the segments of the precast concrete tower.

[0024] FIG. 2—shows an amplified detail of the central part of the self-climbing structure, in which one of the frames can be seen with its interlocking spikes withdrawn and another frame, positioned under the previous frame, with its interlocking spikes inserted in the metal inserts.

[0025] FIG. 3—shows a detail of the interlocking spikes entering the metal inserts, seen from inside the tower, in the embodiment with through-hole openings in the wall.

[0026] FIG. 4—shows a front view of a set of interlocking spikes, central arm and main support of the assembly.

[0027] FIG. 5—shows a front view of a set of interlocking spikes, central arm and main support of the assembly, with one of the interlocking spikes and part of the central arm in a cut-away view to show their interior elements.

[0028] FIG. 6—shows a front view of a set of interlocking spikes, central arm and main support of the assembly, with the central arm, main support and shaft in a cut-away view to show their interior elements.

[0029] FIG. 7a—shows a perspective view of a metal insert, and FIG. 7b—shows that perspective view of the metal insert in a cut-away view, in both cases, in the embodiment with through-hole openings in the wall.

[0030] FIG. 8a—shows a perspective view of an interlocking spike facing a metal insert, FIG. 8b—shows these same elements in a vertical cut-away view, and FIG. 8c—shows them in a horizontal cut-away view.

[0031] FIGS. 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d and 9e—show simplified views of two interlocking spikes on the central arm and two metal inserts, with the axes of rotation of both the interlocking spikes and the central arm, showing how they can offset various horizontal and vertical misalignments, both in the insertion of the interlocking spikes and in the location of the metal inserts.

[0032] FIG. 10a—shows round metal inserts, while FIG. 10b—shows metal inserts with a buttonhole shape.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0033] The conformation and characteristics of the invention can be better understood in the following description that relates to the attached figures.

[0034] As can be seen in FIG. 1, an anchor for a self-climbing structure (2) is illustrated, of the type used on vertical and near-vertical concrete surfaces, for example in the assembly and maintenance of precast concrete towers (1), the self-climbing structure (2) being able to be used for the support of cranes (3), platforms, and other auxiliary elements. As illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 it comprises [0035] on the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1), a plurality of metal inserts (5) fixed to the internal reinforcement of the segment, which form openings in the wall of the said segment, distributed at different heights on the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1), [0036] in the self-climbing structure (2), interlocking spikes (6), with a distribution and dimensions suitable for insertion and coupling in the metal inserts (5), located in frames (4a, 4b and 4c) of said self-climbing structure (2), the interlocking spikes (6) being provided with means of horizontal and vertical displacement (7) and with means of approach and distancing (8) in relation to the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1).

[0037] The openings in the wall can be through-hole openings, and in this case the metal inserts (5), as shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b are shaped as a hollow body (15) finished at both its ends by two peripheral end surfaces (16) of a larger size, defining a common through-hole opening.

[0038] An alternative embodiment is envisaged in which the wall openings are not through-holes and adopt the form of a hollow or niche. In both cases they can adopt a circular shape, as shown in FIG. 10a or alternatively as shown in FIG. 10b, a buttonhole shape, in which the top part is wider than the lower part, the lower part being semi-circular in shape. The interlocking spikes (6) comprise, as is shown in FIGS. 8a, 8b and 8c, [0039] an inner shaft (13), provided with a spherical end, [0040] a main body (12), enveloping the spherical end of the inner shaft (13), and provided with free rotation movement in relation to it, the lower part of the main body (12) being semi-circular, [0041] end plates (14) attached to the front and rear ends of the main body (12), and which protrude from the said main body (12) at the bottom,

[0042] In a coupling position as illustrated in FIG. 2, the interlocking spikes (6) are inserted in some of the metal inserts (5), in such a way that the lower part of each main body (12) of the interlocking spike (6) is in contact with the inner part of the hollow body (15) of its corresponding metal insert (5), while the end plates (14) remain fitted against the peripheral end surfaces (16) of the metal inserts (5).

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the interlocking spikes (6) are distributed in pairs, at the same height, on each frame (4a, 4b and 4c), the metal inserts (5) being distributed vertically aligned in groups of two at the same height, at each height established for coupling on the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1). In an alternative embodiment, the interlocking spikes (6) are distributed as one per frame (4a, 4b and 4c), the metal inserts (5) being distributed vertically aligned, as one at each height established for coupling on the vertical or near-vertical concrete surface (1). It is technically possible to carry out other variants with groups of three or more interlocking spikes (6) on each frame and, correspondingly, with groups of three or more metal inserts (5) at each height.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment two of the frames (4b and 4c) are self-motorised and movable along the self-climbing structure (2) and at least one of them is a frame (4a) fixed to the self-climbing structure (2). An alternative embodiment is also envisaged in which all of the frames (4a, 4b and 4c) are self-motorised and movable along the self-climbing structure (2).

[0045] The interlocking spikes (6), if grouped in pairs, are fixed by pairs, as shown in FIGS. 4,5 and 6, by means of the rear end of the inner shaft (13) on both ends of a central arm (9), provided with free rotation movement by means of a shaft (11), with respect to the main support (10) of the assembly. Preferably the interlocking spikes (6) are provided with multiple chamfers both on the main body (12) and on the end plates (14).

[0046] A person skilled in the art will easily comprehend that the characteristics of different embodiments can be combined with the characteristics of other possible embodiments, provided that the combination is technically possible. All of the information referring to examples or embodiments form part of the description of the invention.