HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING GLUFOSINATE OR SALT THEREOF AND PYROXASULFONE

Abstract

The present invention relates to a herbicidal composition which comprises: a) at least one herbicide A selected from glyphosate, glufosinate and their salts, and b) a herbicide B which is 3-[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazole [common name: pyroxasulfone].

The present invention relates in particular to a herbicidal composition comprising: a) at least one herbicide A selected from glyphosate, glufosinate and their salts, b) a herbicide B which is 3-[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazole [common name: pyroxasulfone], and c) at least one further herbicide C, which is selected from the herbicide groups C.1 to C.8: C.1 herbicides of the group of acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS inhibitors), C.2 herbicides of the group of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors (PPO inhibitors), C.3 herbicides of the group of auxines, C.4 herbicides of the group of 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate-dioxygenase inhibitors (HPPD inhibitors), C.5 herbicides of the group of phytoene desaturase inhibitors (PDS inhibitors), C.6 herbicides of the group of photosystem II inhibitors (PSII inhibitors), C.7 herbicides of the group of microtubulin inhibitors, and C.8 herbicides of the group of inhibitors of the synthesis of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA inhibitors).

Claims

1. A herbicidal composition comprising a) at least one herbicide A selected from glufosinate and its salts, b) a herbicide B which is 3-[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazole, and c) at least one further herbicide C selected from C.1) herbicides of the group of acetolactate synthase inhibitors, C.2) herbicides of the group of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, C.3) herbicides of the group of auxins, C.4) herbicides of the group of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors, C.5) herbicides of the group of phytoene desaturase inhibitors, C.6) herbicides of the group of photosystem II inhibitors, C.7) herbicides of the group of microtubulin inhibitors, and C.8) herbicides of the group of VLCFA inhibitors.

2. The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one further herbicide C comprises at least one acetolactate synthase inhibitor C.1 selected from the group of imidazolinone herbicides.

3. The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the at least one acetolactate synthase inhibitor C.1 is selected from the group of imazapyr, imazamox, imazaquin, imazapic, imazethapyr, their agriculturally acceptable salts and mixtures thereof.

4. The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the at least one acetolactate synthase inhibitor C.1 is selected from imazamox, imazethapyr, their agriculturally acceptable salts and mixtures thereof.

5. The herbicidal composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one further herbicide C comprises at least one protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor C.2.

6. The herbicidal composition of claim 5, wherein the at least one protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor C.2 is selected from selected from the group of pyrimidindione herbicides and N-phenylphthalimide herbicides.

7. The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the at least one protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor C.2 is selected from saflufenacil, flumioxazin, the agriculturally acceptable salts thereof and mixtures thereof.

8. The herbicidal composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one further herbicide C comprises at least one VLCFA inhibitor C.8 selected from the group of chloroacetamide herbicides.

9. The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein the at least one VLCFA inhibitor C.8 is selected from the group of dimethenamid, flufenacet and metazachlor.

10. A method for controlling undesirable vegetation, which method comprises applying a composition according to claim 1 to a locus where undesirable vegetation is present or is expected to be present.

11. A method for burndown treatment of undesirable vegetation in crops, comprising applying a) at least one herbicide A selected from glufosinate and its salts, b) a herbicide B which is 3-[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazole, and c) at least one further herbicide C selected from C.1) herbicides of the group of acetolactate synthase inhibitors, C.2) herbicides of the group of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, C.3) herbicides of the group of auxins, C.4) herbicides of the group of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors, C.5) herbicides of the group of phytoene desaturase inhibitors, C.6) herbicides of the group of photosystem II inhibitors, C.7) herbicides of the group of microtubulin inhibitors, and C.8) herbicides of the group of VLCFA inhibitors. to a locus where crops will be planted before planting or emergence of the crop.

Description

USE EXAMPLES

[0634] The effect of the herbicidal compositions according to the invention of herbicides A and B and, if appropriate, safener on the growth of undesirable plants compared to the herbicidally active compounds alone was demonstrated by the following greenhouse experiments:

[0635] For the pre-emergence treatment, directly after sowing the active compounds, which had been suspended or emulsified in water, were applied by means of finely distributed nozzles. The containers were irrigated gently to promote germination and growth and subsequently covered with transparent plastic hoods until plant had rooted. This cover caused uniform germination of the tests plants, unless this was adversely affected by active compounds.

[0636] For the post-emergence treatment, the test plants were first grown to a height of 3 to 20 cm, depending on the plant habit, and only then treated. Here, the herbicidal compositions were suspended or emulsified in water as distribution medium and sprayed using finely distributing nozzles.

[0637] The respective herbicides B and/or safener were formulated as 10% by weight strength suspension concentrate and introduced to the spray liquor with the amount of solvent system used for applying the active compound. Herbicides A, C and/or safener were used as commercially available formulations and introduced to the spray liquor with the amount of solvent system used for applying the active compound. In the examples, the solvent used was water.

[0638] Glyphosate was used as a commercially available SL-formulation containing 360 g/l of glyphosate as its isopropylammonium salt.

[0639] Pyroxasulfone was used as an emulsifiable concentrate having an active ingredient concentration of 5% by weight.

[0640] Imazamox was used as a commercially available SL-formulation containing 120 g/l of imazamox.

[0641] Imazapic was used as a commercially available SL-formulation containing 120 g/l of imazapic.

[0642] Pendimethalin was used as an emulsifiable concentrate having an active ingredient concentration of 396 g/l.

[0643] Dimethenamid-P was used as an emulsifiable concentrate having an active ingredient concentration of 720 g/l.

[0644] Atrazin was used as an aqueous suspension concentrate having an active ingredient concentration of 500 g/l.

[0645] Dicamba was used as a commercially available SL-formulation having an active ingredient concentration of 480 g/l.

[0646] Picolinafen was used as a commercially available WG-formulation having an active ingredient concentration of 75% by weight.

[0647] Saflufenacil was used as an emulsifiable concentrate having an active ingredient concentration of 120 g/l.

[0648] Flumioxazin was used as a WG-formulation having an active ingredient concentration of 51% by weight.

[0649] Compound B was used as an emulsifiable concentrate having an active ingredient concentration of 5% by weight.

[0650] Compound D was used as an emulsifiable concentrate having an active ingredient concentration of 5% by weight.

[0651] Isoxaflutole was used as a WG-formulation having an active ingredient concentration of 75% by weight.

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[0652] The test period extended over 21 days. During this time, the plants were tended, and their response to the treatments with active compound was evaluated.

[0653] The evaluation for the damage caused by the chemical compositions was carried out using a scale from 0 to 100%, compared to the untreated control plants. Here, 0 means no damage and 100 means complete destruction of the plants.

[0654] The plants used in the greenhouse experiments belonged to the following species:

TABLE-US-00002 Scientific Name Code Common Name Abutilon theophrasti ABUTH velvetleaf Agropyron repens AGRRE quackgrass Alopecurus myosuroides ALOMY blackgrass Amaranthus retroflexus AMARE pig weed Ambrosia artemisifolia AMBEL common ragweed Apera spica-venti APESV windgrass Avena fatua AVEFA wild oat Brachiaria plantaginea BRAPL alexandergrass Bromus inermis BROIN awnless brome Bromus sterilis BROST sterile brome Brassica napus spp. napus BRSNW winter oilseed-rape Capsella bursa-pastoris CAPBP sheperd's-purse Cenchrus echinatus CCHEC sandbur Chenopodium album CHEAL lambsquarter Commelina benghalensis COMBE tropical spiderwort Digitaria sanguinalis DIGSA large crabgrass Echinochloa crus-galli ECHCG barnyardgrass Eleusine indica ELEIN goosegrass Galium aparine GALAP cleaver Glycine max GLXMA soybean Gossypium hirsutum GOSHI cotton Helianthus annuus HELAN sunflower Hordeum vulgare HORVW winter barley Kochia scoparia KCHSC kochia Lamium purpureum LAMPU red deadnettle Lolium multiflorum LOLMU italian ryegrass Matricaria inermis MATIN scentless mayweed Mercurialis annua MERAN annual mercury Orysa sativa ORYSA rice Panicum dichotomiflorum PANDI fall panicum Panicum milliaceum PANMI proso millet Phalaris canariensis PHACA canarygrass Ipomoea purpurea PHBPU tall morningglory Poa annua POAAN annual bluegrass Polygonum convolvulus POLCO wild buckwheat Secale cereale SECCW winter rye Setaria faberii SETFA giant foxtail Setaria italica SETIT foxtail millet Setaria lutescens SETLU yellow foxtail Setaria viridis SETVI green foxtail Sinapis arvensis SINAR wild mustard Solanum nigrum SOLNI black nightshade Sorghum halepense SORHA johnsongrass Stellaria media STEME chickweed Thlaspi arvense THLAR field pennycress Triticum aestivum TRZAS spring wheat Triticum aestivum TRZAW winter wheat Veronica persica VERPE field speedwell Viola arvensis VIOAR field pansy Xanthium strumarium XANST cocklebur Zea mays ZEAMX corn

[0655] Colby's formula was applied to determine whether the composition showed synergistic action. The value E, which is to be expected if the activity of the individual compounds is just additive, was calculated using the method of S. R. Colby (1967) “Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations”, Weeds 15, p. 22 ff. For two component mixtures the value E was calculated by the following formula

E=X+Y−(X.Math.Y/100)

[0656] For three component mixtures the value E was calculated by the following formula

E=X+Y+Z−(XY+XZ+YZ)/100+(X−Y.Math.Z/10000)

where [0657] X=effect in percent using herbicide A at an application rate a; [0658] Y=effect in percent using herbicide B at an application rate b; [0659] Z=effect in percent using herbicide C at an application rate c; [0660] E=expected effect (in %) of A+B at application rates a+b. or [0661] E=expected effect (in %) of A+B+C at application rates a+b+c.

[0662] If the value observed in this manner is higher than the value E calculated according to Colby, a synergistic effect is present.

[0663] Tables 1 to 12 relate to the herbicidal activity of the individual actives and of their combinations in post-emergence application assessed 20 DAT.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 1 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Imazamox solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + imazamox glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) imazamox (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 100 40 25 50 10 30 100 + 25 + 10 98 79 Y DIGSA 100 85 25 50 10 20 100 + 25 + 10 100 94 Y LOLMU 100 75 25 50 10 60 100 + 25 + 10 98 95 Y LOLMU 50 40 12.5 50 5 40 50 + 12.5 + 5 85 82 Y ABUTH 50 0 12.5 40 5 50 50 + 12.5 + 5 90 70 Y CHEAL 100 50 25 20 10 30 100 + 25 + 10 95 72 Y CHEAL 50 40 12.5 20 5 15 50 + 12.5 + 5 90 59 Y GALAP 100 15 25 80 10 30 100 + 25 + 10 95 88 Y GALAP 50 10 12.5 70 5 20 50 + 12.5 + 5 90 78 Y MATIN 50 65 12.5 0 5 25 50 + 12.5 + 5 80 74 Y

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 2 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Imazapic solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + imazapic glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) imazapic (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 200 85 50 50 20 45 200 + 50 + 20 98 96 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 40 5 50 50 + 12.5 + 5 95 91 Y LOLMU 50 40 12.5 50 5 60 50 + 12.5 + 5 90 88 Y ABUTH 50 0 12.5 40 5 60 50 + 12.5 + 5 85 76 Y CHEAL 200 80 50 20 20 40 200 + 50 + 20 95 90 Y GALAP 50 10 12.5 70 5 55 50 + 12.5 + 5 95 88 Y

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 3 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Pendimethalin solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) pendimethalin (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 200 85 50 50 400 40 200 + 50 + 400 98 96 Y LOLMU 100 75 25 50 200 30 100 + 25 + 200 98 91 Y SETVI 50 70 12.5 70 100 30 50 + 12.5 + 100 95 94 Y AMARE 50 90 12.5 75 100 75 50 + 12.5 + 100 100 99 Y MATIN 400 95 100 15 800 0 400 + 100 + 800 100 96 Y MATIN 50 65 12.5 0 100 0 50 + 12.5 + 100 80 65 Y

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 4 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Dimethenamid-P solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + dimethenamid-P glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) dimethenamid-P (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 200 85 50 50 540 30 200 + 50 + 540 100 95 Y ALOMY 100 40 25 50 270 20 100 + 25 + 270 90 76 Y DIGSA 100 85 25 50 270 50 100 + 25 + 270 100 96 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 40 135 50 50 + 12.5 + 135 98 91 Y LOLMU 50 40 12.5 50 135 60 50 + 12.5 + 135 95 88 Y ABUTH 200 70 50 70 540 15 200 + 50 + 540 95 92 Y ABUTH 50 0 12.5 40 135 15 50 + 12.5 + 135 70 49 Y CHEAL 100 50 25 20 270 20 100 + 25 + 270 95 68 Y MATIN 100 90 25 0 270 0 100 + 25 + 270 98 90 Y MATIN 50 65 12.5 0 135 0 50 + 12.5 + 135 90 65 Y SINAR 50 80 12.5 65 135 45 50 + 12.5 + 135 100 96 Y

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 5 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Atrazin solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + atrazin glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) atrazin (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 200 85 50 50 250 50 200 + 50 + 250 100 96 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 40 62.5 0 50 + 12.5 + 62.5 85 82 Y CHEAL 100 50 25 20 125 60 100 + 25 + 125 98 84 Y CHEAL 50 40 12.5 20 62.5 20 50 + 12.5 + 62.5 85 62 Y

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 5 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Dicamba solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + dicamba glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) dicamba (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 50 20 12.5 30 25 10 50 + 12.5 + 25 55 50 Y LOLMU 100 75 25 50 50 0 100 + 25 + 50 95 88 Y ABUTH 100 60 25 40 50 50 100 + 25 + 50 95 88 Y CHEAL 100 50 25 20 50 50 100 + 25 + 50 90 80 Y MATIN 50 65 12.5 0 25 45 50 + 12.5 + 25 95 81 Y

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 7 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Picolinafen solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + picolinafen glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) picolinafen (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 200 85 50 50 25 0 200 + 50 + 25 98 93 Y ALOMY 50 20 12.5 30 6.25 0 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 55 44 Y DIGSA 100 85 25 50 12.5 45 100 + 25 + 12.5 100 96 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 40 6.25 30 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 95 87 Y LOLMU 100 75 25 50 12.5 10 100 + 25 + 12.5 99 89 Y ABUTH 200 70 50 70 25 60 200 + 50 + 25 98 96 Y ABUTH 50 0 12.5 40 6.25 30 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 70 58 Y CHEAL 100 50 25 20 12.5 30 100 + 25 + 12.5 90 72 Y GALAP 50 10 12.5 70 6.25 30 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 90 81 Y MATIN 400 95 100 15 50 60 400 + 100 + 50 100 98 Y POLCO 400 90 100 65 50 80 400 + 100 + 50 100 99 Y

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 8 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and flumioxazin solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + flumioxazin glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) flumioxazin (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 100 30 25 70 12.5 20 100 + 25 + 12.5 95 83 Y ALOMY 50 15 12.5 40 6.25 20 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 85 59 Y AVEFA 100 45 25 75 6.25 35 100 + 25 + 6.25 98 91 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 50 6.25 15 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 95 87 Y CHEAL 100 85 25 45 12.5 30 100 + 25 + 12.5 100 94 Y CHEAL 50 30 12.5 35 6.25 0 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 98 55 Y GALAP 100 45 25 85 12.5 30 100 + 25 + 12.5 100 94 Y GALAP 50 40 12.5 40 6.25 30 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 98 75 Y MATIN 50 90 12.5 0 6.25 65 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 100 97 Y

TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 9 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Saflufenacil solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + saflufenacil glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) saflufenacil (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 100 30 25 70 3.13 0 100 + 25 + 3.125 90 79 Y ALOMY 50 15 12.5 40 1.56 0 50 + 12.5 + 1.56 70 49 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 50 1.56 0 50 + 12.5 + 1.56 90 85 Y ECHCG 50 30 12.5 75 1.56 0 50 + 12.5 + 1.56 85 83 Y ABUTH 50 0 12.5 60 1.56 45 50 + 12.5 + 1.56 95 78 Y CHEAL 50 30 12.5 35 1.56 40 50 + 12.5 + 1.56 90 73 Y GALAP 100 45 25 85 3.13 30 100 + 25 + 3.125 98 94 Y MATIN 100 95 25 0 3.13 55 100 + 25 + 3.125 100 98 Y MATIN 50 90 12.5 0 1.56 20 50 + 12.5 + 1.56 100 92 Y POLCO 100 50 25 50 3.13 55 100 + 25 + 3.125 98 89 Y POLCO 50 30 12.5 35 1.56 45 50 + 12.5 + 1.56 98 75 Y

TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 10 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Compound B solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + Compound B glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) compound B (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 100 30 25 70 12.5 35 100 + 25 + 12.5 95 86 Y ALOMY 50 15 12.5 40 6.25 20 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 85 59 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 50 6.25 50 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 95 93 Y ABUTH 100 0 25 65 6.25 98 100 + 25 + 6.25 100 99 Y CHEAL 50 30 12.5 35 6.25 85 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 100 93 Y POLCO 50 30 12.5 35 6.25 90 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 100 95 Y

TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 11 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Compound D solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + compound D glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) compound D (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 100 30 25 70 6.25 40 100 + 25 + 6.25 98 87 Y ALOMY 50 15 12.5 40 3.13 30 50 + 12.5 + 3.125 75 64 Y AVEFA 100 45 25 75 6.25 75 100 + 25 + 6.25 98 97 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 50 3.13 35 50 + 12.5 + 3.125 95 90 Y LOLMU 50 45 12.5 55 3.13 40 50 + 12.5 + 3.125 95 85 Y CHEAL 50 30 12.5 35 3.13 45 50 + 12.5 + 3.125 90 75 Y GALAP 100 45 25 85 6.25 30 100 + 25 + 6.25 98 94 Y GALAP 50 40 12.5 40 3.13 30 50 + 12.5 + 3.125 98 75 Y POLCO 50 30 12.5 35 3.13 95 50 + 12.5 + 3.125 100 98 Y

TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 12 Application in Post-Emergence of Glyphosate, Pyroxasulfone and Isoxaflutole solo application combination glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + isoxaflutole glyphosate (A) pyroxasulfone (B) isoxaflutole (C) Observed expected Synergism % activity % activity % activity % activity % activity Y/N weed g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT g ai/ha 20 DAT 20 DAT 20 DAT ALOMY 50 15 12.5 40 6.25 0 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 80 49 Y DIGSA 50 70 12.5 50 6.25 15 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 90 87 Y ABUTH 50 0 12.5 60 6.25 55 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 90 82 Y CHEAL 50 30 12.5 35 6.25 75 50 + 12.5 + 6.25 95 89 Y POLCO 200 50 50 50 25 45 200 + 50 + 25 98 86 Y