Foamable, multi-component composition which forms an insulation layer, and use thereof

Abstract

A foamable, multi-component composition based on polyurea and/or polyurethane forms an insulation layer. The composition can be used for foaming openings, cable and pipe feedthroughs, and joints for the purpose of fire protection.

Claims

1: A foamable, multi-component composition which forms an insulation layer, comprising: i) at least one aliphatic isocyanate compound having an average NCO functionality of 1 or more, i) at least one reactive component which is reactive to isocyanate groups, selected from the group consisting of compounds having at least two amino groups, polyols, and combinations thereof, iii) at least one fire protection additive which forms an insulation layer, and iv) a blowing agent comprising one or more compounds which are able to release CO.sub.2 by reaction, wherein individual constituents of the blowing agent are separated from one another in a reaction-inhibiting manner before the multi-component composition is used, and the at least one aliphatic isocyanate compound is separated from the at least one reactive component which is reactive to isocyanate groups, in a reaction-inhibiting manner.

2: The composition according to claim wherein the blowing agent comprises water.

3: The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one reactive component which is reactive to isocyanate groups is selected from the group consisting of a polyamine, a polyether polyamine, a polyaspartic acid ester, and a mixture thereof.

4: The composition according to claim 3, wherein the at least one reactive component which is reactive to isocyanate groups comprises at least one polyaspartic acid ester of general formula (VII), ##STR00008## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be the same or different and represent organic functional groups which are inert to isocyanate groups, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 can be the same or different and represent hydrogen or organic functional groups which are inert to isocyanate groups, X represents an n-valent functional organic group that is inert to isocyanate groups, and n represents an integer of at least 2.

5: The composition according to claim 3, wherein the at least one reactive component which is reactive to isocyanate groups further comprises at least one polyol.

6: The composition according to claim 5, wherein the at least one polyol is selected from the group consisting of a polyester sir a polyether polyol, a hydroxylated poly urethane, an alkane, and a mixture thereof, wherein each of the at least one polyol has at least two hydroxyl groups per molecule.

7: The composition according to claim 1, wherein a quantitative proportion of the at least one aliphatic isocyanate compound and the at least one reactive component which is reactive to isocyanate groups is selected such that an equivalent proportion of isocyanate groups of the at least one aliphatic isocyanate compound to the at least one reactive component which is reactive to isocyanate groups is between 0.3 and 1.7.

8: The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition further contains a catalyst for reaction between the at least one aliphatic isocyanate compound and the at least one reactive component which is reactive to isocyanate groups.

9: The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fire protection additive which forms the insulation layer is selected from the group consisting of a graphite intercalation compound, expandable silicate material, and combinations thereof.

10: The composition according to claim 9, wherein the at least one fire protection additive which forms the insulation layer further contains an ash crust stabilizer.

11: The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition further contains a foam stabilizer.

12: The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition further contains at least one further constituent which is selected from the group consisting of a plasticizer, an inorganic filler, and other additives.

13: A method, comprising: foaming, with the composition according to claim 1, an opening; a cable feedthrough or a pipe feedthrough in walls, floors, and/or ceilings; or a joint between ceilings and wall parts, between wall openings and construction parts which are to be installed, between ceilings and walls, and between outside walls and curtain-wall facades of buildings.

14: A molded body, obtained from the composition according to claim 1, wherein respective components are mixed together to form a mixture, and the mixture is foamed in a mold.

Description

EMBODIMENTS

[0127] To prepare compositions 1 to 3 according to the invention and comparative compositions V1 to V3, the polyol(s) and/or the polyaspartic esters were mixed with water, catalysts, foam stabilizer and solids. The isocyanate component was then added and the mixture was stirred for 20 s. Alternatively, the polyol(s), the polyaspartic acid ester, water, catalysts, foam stabilizer and solids were transferred into a commercially available 2K cartridge separately from the isocyanate component, and the foam was extruded by a static mixer.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Constituents of compositions 1 to 3 according to the invention [wt. %] Component 1 2 3 Aliphatic isocyanate .sup.1) 31.30 48.94 29.64 Polyaspartic acid ester .sup.2) 39.90 — 22.67 Polyol 1 .sup.3) — 16.20 — Polyol 2 .sup.4) — — 18.89 Aminopolyol .sup.5) — 10.80 — Water 5.60 0.40 5.60 Foaming catalyst .sup.6) 1.60 0.80 1.60 Foam stabilizer .sup.7) 1.60 1.95 1.60 Fungicide .sup.8) 0.08 0.08 0.08 Ammonium polyphosphate .sup.9) 3.04 3.06 3.04 Expandable graphite .sup.10) 15.62 15.7 15.62 Iron oxide (Fe.sub.2O.sub.3) .sup.11) 1.26 1.27 1.26 Gelling catalyst 1 .sup.12) — 0.27 — Gelling catalyst 2 .sup.13) — 0.54 — Density [g/L] 207 188 119 .sup.1) Desmodur N 3600 from Covestro, Germany .sup.2) Desmophen NH 1420 from Covestro, Germany .sup.3) Pluriol E 600 from BASF .sup.4) Voranol CP 755 from Dow .sup.5) Voranol RA 800 from Dow .sup.6) Jeffcat ZF-10 from Huntsmann Corporation .sup.7) Dabco DC 198 from Evonik .sup.8) Actidide MKP from Thor, Speyer, Germany .sup.9) Exolit ® AP 462 from Clariant; .sup.10) Mixture of 84% Nord-Min ® 351 and 16% Nord-Min ® 20 from Nordmann-Rassmann, Hamburg, Germany; .sup.11) Bayferrox 130 M from Lanxess .sup.12) Dabco 33-LV from Evonik .sup.13) TIB CAT 216 from TIB Chemicals

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Constituents of the comparative compositions V1 to V3 [in wt. %] Component V1 V2 V3 Aromatic isocyanate .sup.1) 27.16 41.94 26.13 Polyaspartic acid ester .sup.2) 47.64 — 27.51 Polyol 1 .sup.3) — 20.67 — Polyol 2 .sup.4) — — 22.92 Aminopolyol .sup.5) — 13.78 — Water 2.80 0.29 1.60 Foaming catalyst .sup.6) 0.80 0.66 0.24 Foam stabilizer .sup.7) 1.60 2.49 1.60 Fungicide .sup.8) 0.08 0.08 0.08 Ammonium polyphosphate .sup.9) 3.04 3.03 3.04 Expandable graphite .sup.10) 15.62 15.57 15.62 Iron oxide (Fe.sub.2O.sub.3) .sup.11) 1.26 1.26 1.26 Gelling catalyst 1 .sup.12) — 0.22 — Gelling catalyst 2 .sup.13) — — — Density [g/L] 148 132 138 .sup.1) Desmodur 44V from Covestro, Germany .sup.2) Desmophen NH 1420 from Covestro, Germany .sup.3) Pluriol E 600 from BASF .sup.4) Voranol CP 755 from Dow .sup.5) Voranol RA 800 from Dow .sup.6) Jeffcat ZF-10 from Huntsmann Corporation .sup.7) Dabco DC 198 from Evonik .sup.8) Actidide MKP from Thor, Speyer, Germany .sup.9) Exolit ® AP 462 from Clariant; .sup.10) Mixture of 84% Nord-Min ® 351 and 16% Nord-Min ® 20 from Nordmann-Rassmann, Hamburg, Germany; .sup.11) Bayferrox 130 M from Lanxess .sup.12) Dabco 33-LV from Evonik

[0128] Determination of Expansion Factors

[0129] To determine the expansion factors, both the multicomponent composition according to the invention, according to examples 1 to 3, and the comparative compositions V1 to V3 were foamed freely. A cylindrical sample having a diameter of 4.5 cm and a height of 2 cm was punched out of each of the foamed foams. This sample was heated in an M-TMA apparatus (Makro-TMA 2 from ASG Analytik-Service in cooperation with Hilti; year of manufacture 2004) under a load of 100 g at 15 K/min to 620° C. The residue was measured in wt. % and the expansion factor was measured based on the original sample.

[0130] The stability of the obtained ash crust was determined using a texture analyzer (CT3 from Brookfield). For this purpose, the sample was penetrated using a T7 element at a constant speed of 0.5 mm/s. The force used is measured as a function of the depth of penetration. The higher the force, the harder the ash crust. It could be shown that all of the compositions according to the invention have a sufficient ash crust stability.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Results of the determination of the expansion factor in M-TMA Residue [wt. %] Expansion factor Example 1 23 1.6 Example 2 19.5 1.4 Example 3 20.5 1.5 Example V1 30 1.6 Example V2 31 1.4 Example V3 30.1 1.2

[0131] As shown in table 3, the compositions according to the invention provide at least the same expansion factor with a lower residue, such that the compositions according to the invention overall show an improved expansion factor.

[0132] Furthermore, all fire protection foams according to the invention have excellent application properties. The applied foam has a sufficient flexibility, such that the user can model the foam and bring it into the desired shape before curing has taken place.