Abstract
The invention relates to a drill head for chambering non-cylindrical, rotationally symmetrical holes. This drill head is characterized in that, starting from a diameter of a guide hole, it can cut a very large chamber out of a workpiece. In addition, the drill head has a simple design and is very robust and tight, so that high cutting capacities can be reliably achieved.
Claims
1. Drill head for chambering, comprising a body with a rear end and a front end, the body having a mechanical interface at the rear end for connection to a drill tube, the body comprising a central hole, the drill head comprising two insert holders which are pivotably mounted on the body, and the insert holders and an advancing element being coupled to one another via a link motion in such a way that a movement of the advancing element in the axial direction relative to the body triggers a pivoting movement of the insert holders, and the advancing element being axially displaceably guided in the hole, characterized in that the advancing element has a first slotted link and a second slotted link, in that a pin and optionally a roller are provided on the insert holders, in that the pin or the roller of the first insert holder interacts with the first slotted link of the advancing element, and in that the pin or the roller of a second insert holder interacts with a second slotted link of the advancing element.
2. Drill head according to claim 1, characterized in that a bearing pin is provided on the end face of the body, and in that the first and the second insert holder are mounted on the bearing pin.
3. Drill head according to claim 2, characterized in that a cylindrical projection is formed on the end face of the body, and in that a longitudinal axis of the bearing pin and a longitudinal axis of the cylindrical projection extend coaxially to one another.
4. Drill head according to claim 2, characterized in that an opening for the insert holders is formed on the end face of the body, and in that a longitudinal axis of the opening extends orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the bearing pin.
5. Drill head according to claim 1, characterized in that an outer contour of the insert holders is formed in some regions in the shape of a circular arc, and in that a center point of the circular arc coincides with the longitudinal axis of the bearing pin.
6. Drill head according to claim 1, characterized in that the advancing element comprises a lower part and an upper part, in that the lower part can be connected to a control rod, and in that a slotted link is formed in each case in the upper part and in the lower part.
7. Drill head according to claim 6, characterized in that both the upper part and the lower part comprise a recess, and in that a depth of the recesses corresponds to a thickness of the insert holders.
8. Drill head according to claim 6, characterized in that a dividing plane between the upper part and the lower part extends through a longitudinal axis of the advancing element, and in that the recesses extend in parallel with the dividing plane.
9. Drill head according to claim 1, characterized in that the advancing element comprises a receptacle for a coupling piece and a threaded hole for a coupling pin.
10. Drill head according to claim 6, characterized in that the coupling piece is connected to the control rod.
11. Drill head according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises one or more adapter sleeves.
12. Drill head according to claim 11, characterized in that a fitting surface for centering the adapter sleeve is formed on the front end of the body.
13. Drill head according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises a fitting ring, and in that the fitting ring centers the adapter sleeve at the rear end of the body.
Description
DRAWINGS
[0042] In the drawings:
[0043] FIG. 1 is a section through an embodiment of a drill head according to the invention with retracted insert holders or inserts;
[0044] FIG. 2 is a section through the same embodiment of a drill head with pivoted-out insert holders or inserts;
[0045] FIGS. 3 and 4 are views similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, with an insert holder having been removed for reasons of clarity;
[0046] FIG. 5.1 a) and b) show the body of the drill head according to the invention in two views;
[0047] FIG. 5.2 c) to f) show the body of the drill head according to the invention in different sections;
[0048] FIG. 6 a) to e) show the lower part of an advancing element, in different views;
[0049] FIG. 7 a) to e) show the upper part of the advancing element;
[0050] FIG. 8 shows a first insert holder 4 in a partial section;
[0051] FIG. 9 shows the second insert holder 5 in a partial section;
[0052] FIG. 10 shows the first and second insert holders superimposed;
[0053] FIGS. 11 a) to e) and 12 a) to d) are views of various individual parts of the drill head according to the invention;
[0054] FIG. 13 a) to c) show an adapter sleeve according to the invention;
[0055] FIG. 14 is a longitudinal section through a drill head according to the invention with an adapter sleeve attached; and
[0056] FIGS. 15 to 17 are various sectional views of the drill head according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT
[0057] The figures relate to the same embodiment. In FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the focus is more on the function of the drill head, while many of the other drawings show individual parts and design details of the drill head.
[0058] Because the drill head according to the invention is a relatively complex tool, not all details can be seen in the assembly drawings (e.g. FIGS. 1 to 4). The individual parts are therefore shown in separate drawings in different views, and so the mode of operation and the structure of the drill head according to the invention can be understood from an overview of all the figures.
[0059] FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a drill head according to the invention, the drill head comprising a tubular body 1 with a central hole 30. The right-hand end of the body 1 in FIG. 1 is the rear end, while the front end 32 of the body 1 or drill head is shown on the left-hand side in FIG. 1.
[0060] At the front end 32 of the body 1, a bearing pin 9 on which two insert holders 4 and 5 are pivotably mounted is visible. The insert holders 4 and 5 are two-armed levers, the pivot point of which is determined by the bearing pin 9. To the left of the bearing pin 9, the first levers of the insert holders 4, 5 are shown, on which a plurality of inserts 38 are arranged. The use of a plurality of relatively small inserts has the advantage that narrow chips are produced. A total of five inserts 38 are arranged on the first lever of the insert holder 4, while four inserts 38 are arranged on the first lever of the insert holder 5. The inserts 38 of the two insert holders are also arranged so as to be somewhat offset on the insert holders 4 and 5, resulting in an interrupted cut or relatively narrow chips. This offset is illustrated in FIG. 10.
[0061] In FIG. 1, the insert holders 4, 5 are shown in the fully pivoted-in position, so that the tips of the outermost inserts 38 do not protrude beyond a diameter D.sub.FB of a guide hole, which is indicated by a dash-dotted line 40.
[0062] In order to achieve this pivot position of the insert holders 4 and 5, an advancing element 42, of which an upper part 3 and a part of a lower part 26 can be seen in FIG. 1, must be pushed all the way to the front end 32 in the central hole 30. This advancing movement is transmitted to the advancing element 42 via a control rod 11 and a coupling piece 12.
[0063] When the control rod 11 is moved to the right relative to the body 1, as shown in FIG. 2, then it takes the advancing element 42 with it. As a result, the inserts 4 and 5 pivot outward so that the tips of the inserts 38 protrude in the radial direction clearly beyond the diameter of the body 1 or the guide hole. The maximum diameter D.sub.max is shown in FIG. 2, as is the diameter D.sub.FB of the guide hole 40, which corresponds to the minimum diameter of the drill head. The ratio D.sub.max/D.sub.FB is greater than 1.55 in the embodiment shown.
[0064] It can be clearly seen in FIGS. 2 and 10 that the insert holders 4 and 5 have somewhat different geometries so that the diameters on which the inserts 38 are arranged are different. In the embodiment shown, the final diameter is produced by the outermost insert 38 on the insert holder 4. In contrast, the inserts 38 of the insert holder 5 are arranged so as to be somewhat set back radially.
[0065] The pivoting movements of the insert holders 4 and 5 are carried out by a positively driven link motion (cam mechanism). A pin 18 and an optional roller 19 are arranged at the rear ends of each of the insert holders 4 and 5. Each of these pins 18 or rollers 19 engages in a slotted link of the advancing element 42.
[0066] The individual parts of the advancing element 42, namely a lower part 3 and an upper part 26, are shown in detail in FIGS. 6 and 7. A first slotted link 44 is incorporated in the lower part 3, while a second slotted link 46 is provided in the upper part 26. As can be seen from the comparison of FIGS. 1 and 2, the pins 18 and the rollers 19 “drift” through the slotted links 44 and 46 when the advancing element 42 is moved between the two end positions shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
[0067] FIGS. 3 and 4 show the motion control again using the insert holder 4 as an example. For the sake of clarity, the insert holder 5 is not shown.
[0068] FIG. 5.1 shows the body 1 in a side view (FIG. 5.1a)) and a view from the front (FIG. 5.1b)). FIG. 5.2 shows the body 1 in a longitudinal section (FIG. 5.2c)) and various cross sections (FIG. 5.2d) to f)) along the lines B-B, C-C and D-D.
[0069] As can be seen from the side view according to FIG. 5.1a), various pockets 48, 50 and 52 are produced on the outer diameter of the body 1. The pockets 48, 50 and 52 are used to receive guide pads or damping pads.
[0070] An elongate hole 54 is provided in the upper part in the region of the line D-D. The elongate hole 54 makes it possible to actuate a coupling pin 13 such that a form-fitting connection is produced between the lower part 26 of the advancing element 42 and a coupling piece 12 (see FIG. 11a) to e)). As can be seen, for example, from FIG. 1, the coupling pin 13 is screwed into a circumferential groove 56 in the coupling piece 12 in order to produce the desired form-fitting connection. The flanks of the circumferential groove 56 can also be slightly conical. The coupling piece 12 is in turn connected to the control rod 11 via a central connecting screw 17.
[0071] An opening 58 can also be seen in FIG. 5.1a). A length stop 15 is inserted through this opening 58 and screwed to the body 1 with four screws. The axial movement of the advancing element 42 within the body 1 is thus restricted. A cylindrical projection 60 is formed on the front end 32 of the body 1. The longitudinal axis of the cylindrical projection is provided with reference sign 64 in the sectional view in FIG. 5.2c). Said axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the bearing hole 62 and, accordingly, also the longitudinal axis of the bearing pin 9.
[0072] As can be seen from the sectional views in FIG. 5.2d) to 5.2 f), an opening 66 is provided at the front end 32 of the body 1. The longitudinal axis of the opening 66 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the body 1 or the hole 30. As can be seen from the section along the line B-B (FIG. 5.1a)), the opening 66 has a rectangular cross section. The insert holders 4 and 5 are received in this opening 66 and are guided and held in a planar manner. Most of the cutting forces are introduced into the body via the contact surfaces between the insert holders 4, 5 and the opening 66.
[0073] In the side view of FIG. 5.1a), a fitting surface 68 is shown in the region of the front end. Ultimately, this is nothing more than a region that has a slightly reduced diameter and is very precisely ground or otherwise finely machined. If necessary, an adapter sleeve 23 (see FIG. 13a)) can be placed on this fitting surface 68 and is then centered there. This shoulder is also used to receive the drill head on a lathe when e.g. the damping pads are reworked. At the opposite end of the body 1, a shoulder 70 is formed which can receive a distance ring 24 (see FIG. 12 a)).
[0074] In FIGS. 6 and 7, the lower part 3 (FIG. 6a)) to e)) and the upper part 26 (FIG. 7a) to e)) of the advancing element 42 are shown in different views and sections. When the lower part 3 and the upper part 26 are screwed together, they have a cylindrical outer contour, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the central hole 30 in the body 1. There is a fit with little play (clearance fit) between the central hole 30 in the body 1 and the cylindrical outer contour of the lower part 3 and upper part 26. The advancing element 42 is thus guided in an axially displaceable manner in the central hole 30 of the body 1.
[0075] As can be seen from the section B-B in FIG. 6d), the lower part 3 is designed to be circular in this region. There, too, the outer diameter corresponds to the diameter of the central hole 30 in the body 1.
[0076] The lower part has a receptacle 72 in the center. The coupling piece 12 (see FIG. 1) is inserted into this receptacle 72. Furthermore, there is a radially extending threaded hole 74 which opens into the receptacle 72. The threaded hole 74 is shown rotated in FIGS. 6a) and 6e). The position of the threaded hole 74 is shown correctly in FIG. 6d). A coupling pin 13 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is screwed into the threaded hole 74. When the coupling pin 13 engages in the circumferential groove 56 (see FIG. 1) of the coupling piece 12, there is a form-fitting connection between the coupling pin 12 and the lower part 3 of the advancing element 42.
[0077] The coupling pin 13 is not shown in FIG. 6a) to e). Said pin is actuated by a screw driver which is inserted into the interior of the body 1 through the elongate hole 54 (see FIG. 5.1a)).
[0078] In a central region (see section plane A-A in FIG. 6c)) the lower part 3 is designed as a half-cylinder. That is to say, in this embodiment, a longitudinal axis of the coupling element 42 lies in the contact surface 76 between the lower part 3 and the upper part 26.
[0079] In FIG. 7 a) to e), the upper part 26 of the advancing element 42 is shown in different views. In the region of a contact surface 76, through-holes are made which are used to receive screws (not shown) or fitting pins (not shown).
[0080] This makes it possible for the upper part 26 and the lower part 3 of the advancing element 42 to be screwed and pinned together. The separating plane between the lower part 3 and upper part 26 coincides with the contact surface between the two contact surfaces 76 of both parts.
[0081] A recess 80 is also made in the upper part 26. The second slotted link 46 is incorporated in the base of the recess 80.
[0082] The pin 18 or the roller 19 of the insert holder 4 engages in the second slotted link 46.
[0083] In FIGS. 8 and 9, the insert holders 4 and 5 are shown in different views and sections. It can be seen clearly from FIGS. 8 and 9 that the insert holders 4, 5 can be understood as two-armed levers. The pivot axis extends approximately through the center of the insert holders 4, 5. Said axis is defined by the hole 82.
[0084] Inserts 38 are arranged on the first arm of the insert holders 4, 5. The inserts 38 of the two insert holders 4 and 5 are not arranged on the same diameter, as can be seen from FIG. 10. The insert holders 4 and 5 are placed one on top of the other here. The outer contour of the insert holders 4 and 5 is designed such that there are two circular-arc-shaped portions (34) in each case. The center of the circular arc 34 coincides with the center of the hole 82. The hole 84 at the rear end of the insert holders 4, 5 in the installed position is used to receive the pin 18 and thus indirectly the roller 19. The roller 19 engages in the slotted links 46 and 44 of the advancing element 42.
[0085] It can be seen that the distances between the holes 82 and 84 in the two insert holders 4 and 5 are identical. The circular arcs 34 are also designed to be the same. When the insert holders 4 and 5 are inserted into the body, this results, together with the cylindrical projection 60, in a smooth outer contour in the region of the projection 60 and chips cannot get into the interior of the drill head.
[0086] FIG. 11 shows:
[0087] A damping pad 2 (FIG. 11a)), a sealing pad 7 (FIG. 11b)) which is used at the end face 32 to seal the drill head in the region of the opening 60, and an adapter plate 8 (FIG. 11c)) which is arranged between a guide pad 6 and the body 1 in order to adapt the diameter of the guide pads or the drill head precisely to the diameter of the guide hole 40.
[0088] A pin 9 (FIG. 11d)) and a coupling piece 12 (FIG. 11e)) are also shown in FIG. 11. In the coupling piece 12, the circumferential groove 56 can be clearly seen, along with a central hole (without a reference sign). A connecting screw 17 is inserted through the central hole and screwed into the control rod 11, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0089] A distance ring 24 is shown in FIG. 12a). The distance ring 24 is used to center an adapter sleeve 23 (see FIG. 13a)) at the rear end of the body 1.
[0090] FIG. 12b) shows a cover or protection plate 14. This is used to cover the actuation opening in the body 1. The actuation opening allows the coupling pin 13 to be mounted in the lower part 3 by the coupling pin 13 being screwed into the circumferential groove 56 in the coupling piece 12 (see FIG. 1).
[0091] An end stop 15 (FIG. 12c)), the pin 18, a roller 19 and a disk 25 (FIG. 12d)) are also shown. The disk 25 is used to axially secure the pin 18 in the insert holders 4, 5 (see FIG. 15).
[0092] An adapter sleeve 23 is shown in FIG. 13. At its end on the left in FIG. 13a), said sleeve has a hole 86 of which the diameter is precisely matched to the fitting surface 68 at the front end 32 of the body 1 (see FIG. 5.1a)). The adapter sleeve 23 is thus centered at the front end 32 via the hole 86 and the fitting surface 68. A fitting 88 is formed at the rear end of the adapter sleeve 23 (i.e. on the right-hand side in FIG. 12a). The diameter of the fitting 88 corresponds to the outer diameter of the distance ring 24 (see FIG. 12 a)), so that the adapter sleeve 23 is positioned and centered at the rear end via the fitting 88 and the distance ring 24 on the body 1.
[0093] The adapter sleeve 23 has pockets 48, 50 and 52 which have the same dimensions and functions as the pockets 48, 50 and 52 of the body 1.
[0094] Guide pads and damping pads and, if necessary, adapter plates 8 are inserted therein.
[0095] An opening 90 is made in the adapter sleeve 23 (see FIG. 13a)). Through this opening 90, it is possible to reach the elongate hole 54 in the body 1 and then the threaded pin or the coupling pin 13 in the advancing element 42, e.g. using a screw driver or the like.
[0096] FIG. 14 shows a drill head according to the invention with an attached adapter sleeve 23 and distance ring 24. Compared to the design without an adapter sleeve, the diameter of the guide hole D.sub.FBA is larger. In this way it is possible, by using different adapter sleeves 23, to adapt the drill head to different guide diameters or diameters of guide holes.
[0097] FIG. 15 shows a section through the advancing element 42 with inserted insert holders 4 and 5. This sectional view clearly shows the coupling (cam mechanism) between the rear ends of the insert holders 4 and 5 and the slotted links 46 and 44 by means of the pins 18 and the rollers 19.
[0098] FIG. 16 shows a view from the front of the drill head according to the invention. In this view, it can be clearly seen that the opening 66 is completely filled by the insert holders 4 and 5, so that it is almost impossible for chips to penetrate into the interior of the drill head. In addition, the sealing pads 7 can be clearly seen in this view.
[0099] FIG. 17 shows a section through the drill head according to the invention. In this section, the protection plate 14, the elongate hole 54, the coupling pin 13, the circumferential groove 56 in the coupling piece 12 and the axial groove 78 in the advancing element 42 and the end stop 15 can be seen.
