AIRBAG MODULE FOR A VEHICLE OCCUPANT RESTRAINT SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A VEHICLE OCCUPANT RESTRAINT SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH AN AIRBAG MODULE

Abstract

The invention relates to an airbag module (10) for a vehicle occupant restraint system (12), comprising an airbag (14), an inflator (18), a shaping tether (22) for influencing the airbag deployment geometry which is connected to the airbag (14) at one tether end, and comprising a port release tether (20) which is connected to a discharge port closure (26) of the airbag (14) at one tether end, wherein the port release tether (20) is connected to the discharge port closure (26) so that it releases a discharge port (28) of the airbag (14) from a predetermined tensile tether force, and wherein an activatable tether release device (24) coupled both to the shaping tether (22) and to the port release tether (20) is provided for actively releasing the tethers (20, 22). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method of operating a vehicle occupant restraint system (12) comprising said airbag module (10), wherein airbag deployment takes place in response to predetermined basic conditions, such as in response to the weight of a vehicle occupant (16) and/or of a driving mode for manual or automated and, resp., autonomous driving.

Claims

1. An airbag module for a vehicle occupant restraint system (12), comprising an airbag (14) for restraining a vehicle occupant (16), an inflator (18) for filling the airbag (14) with inflator gas, a shaping tether (22) for influencing the airbag deployment geometry which is connected to the airbag (14) at one tether end, and a port release tether (20) which is connected to a discharge port closure (26) of the airbag (14) at one tether end, wherein the port release tether (20) is connected to the discharge port closure (26) so that it releases a discharge port (28) of the airbag (14) from a predetermined tensile tether force, wherein an activatable tether release device (24) coupled both to the shaping tether (22) and to the port release tether (20) is provided for active release of the tethers (20, 22).

2. The airbag module according to claim 1, wherein the tether release device (24) is arranged at the inflator (18) or at a module housing (23) so that the shaping tether (22) and the port release tether (20) are detachably fixed on the inflator (18) or the module housing (23) via the tether release device (24).

3. The airbag module according to claim 1, wherein the tether end of the port release tether (20) is connected to the discharge port closure (26) by a tear seam (30) which tears when the predetermined tensile tether force is reached.

4. The airbag module according to claim 1, wherein the shaping tether (22) and the port release tether (20) are integrally formed.

5. The airbag module according to claim 1, wherein the tether release device (24) is pyrotechnically operated.

6. The airbag module according to claim 1, wherein the airbag module (10) is a driver-side front airbag module.

7. The airbag module according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port (28) is closed in an initial state of the airbag module (10) and can be exclusively released passively while the airbag (14) reaches a predetermined deployment geometry and the port release tether (20) reaches the predetermined tensile tether force.

8. A method of operating a vehicle occupant restraint system (12) including an airbag module (10) according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle occupant restraint system (12) includes sensors (34, 36, 38, 42) for detecting predetermined parameters as well as an electronic control unit (40) connected to the sensors (34, 36, 38, 42) for activating the inflator (18) and the tether release device (24) in response to sensor signals, the method comprising the following steps: a) the electronic control unit (40) triggers the inflator (18) based on received sensor signals so as to fill the airbag (14) with inflator gas; b) the tether release device (24) cannot be activated before the inflator (18) has been triggered and is optionally activated or not activated by the electronic control unit (40) in response to the detected parameters.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the vehicle occupant restraint system (12) includes a sensor (34) for detecting a size and/or a weight of the vehicle occupant (16), wherein the tether release device (24) is activated above a predetermined limit size and/or a predetermined limit weight in step b) and is not activated below the predetermined limit size and/or the predetermined limit weight in step b).

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the vehicle occupant restraint system (12) includes a sensor (36, 38) for detecting an automated driving mode and/or a distance (s) between the vehicle occupant and the inflator (18), wherein the tether release device (24) is activated in the automated driving mode and/or above a predetermined limit distance in step b) and is not activated in a manual driving mode and/or below the predetermined limit distance in step b).

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein, when the predetermined limit size and/or the predetermined limit weight of the vehicle occupant (16) is exceeded, the tether release device (24) is activated in step b) earlier than when the automated driving mode is detected and/or when the predetermined limit distance is exceeded.

12. A vehicle occupant restraint system (12) for the implementation of the method according to any one of the claim 8, the vehicle occupant restraint system comprising: an airbag module (10) comprising: an airbag (14) for restraining a vehicle occupant (16), an inflator (18) for filling the airbag (14) with inflator gas, a shaping tether (22) for influencing the airbag deployment geometry which is connected to the airbag (14) at one tether end, and a port release tether (20) which is connected to a discharge port closure (26) of the airbag (14) at one tether end, characterized in that the port release tether (20) is connected to the discharge port closure (26) so that it releases a discharge port (28) of the airbag (14) from a predetermined tensile tether force, wherein an activatable tether release device (24) coupled both to the shaping tether (22) and to the port release tether (20) is provided for active release of the tethers (20, 22); wherein the vehicle occupant restraint system further comprises a steering wheel (25), sensors (34, 36, 38, 42) for detecting predetermined parameters, and an electronic control unit (40) connected to the sensors (34, 36, 38, 42) for activating the inflator (18) and the tether release device (24) in response to the sensor signals, the airbag module (10) being mounted in a hub area of the steering wheel (25).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Further features and advantages of the invention will be evident from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings, wherein:

[0020] FIGS. 1 to 4 show the airbag deployment operation of an airbag module according to the invention for a small and/or light vehicle occupant;

[0021] FIGS. 5 to 7 show the airbag deployment operation of the airbag module according to the invention for a tall and/or heavy vehicle occupant; and

[0022] FIGS. 8 to 12 show the airbag deployment operation of the airbag module according to the invention for a large distance between the vehicle occupant and the airbag module.

DESCRIPTION

[0023] FIGS. 1 to 12 illustrate an airbag module 10 for a vehicle occupant restraint system 12, comprising an airbag 14 for restraining a vehicle occupant 16, an inflator 18 for filling the airbag 14 with inflator gas, plural tethers 20, 22 and an activatable tether release device 24 coupled to the tethers 20, 22 for simultaneous active release of the tethers 20, 22.

[0024] The airbag module 10 further includes a schematically indicated module housing 23 which accommodates the folded airbag 14 and the inflator 18 in the housing interior. The tether release device 24 is an especially pyrotechnically operated device generally known from the state of the art which therefore is equally only schematically indicated in the figures. The tether release device 24 is fastened to a stable module component, such as to the inflator 18 or to the module housing 30, so that the tethers 20, 22 are fastened in an actively detachably manner to the stable module component via the tether release device 24.

[0025] In the shown example embodiment, the airbag module 10 is a driver-side front airbag module mounted in the hub area of a steering wheel 25, the airbag module 10 in this case including two tethers 20, 22 each of which extends in the interior of the airbag 14. Each of the tethers 20, 22 is connected, at one tether end, to the airbag 14 or, resp., to a discharge port closure 26 of the airbag 14 and, at an opposite tether end, to the tether release device 24.

[0026] Concretely speaking, a port release tether 20 is provided which is fastened to the discharge port closure 26 of the airbag 14 and, from a predetermined tensile tether force, releases a discharge port 28 closed by the discharge port closure 26 in the airbag 14. By releasing the discharge port 28, inflator gas may flow out of the interior of the airbag 14 so that an internal pressure is reduced and the airbag 14 becomes softer.

[0027] As is clearly evident from the detail of FIG. 2, the tether end of the port release tether 20 is connected to the discharge port closure 26 by a tear seam 30 which tears when the predetermined tensile tether force is reached.

[0028] In the present embodiment of the airbag module 10, the tear seam 30 interconnects the tether end of the port release tether 20, the discharge port closure 26 and additionally the airbag 14 or a retaining element 32 of the airbag 14. In this way, the discharge port closure 26 is reliably retained in a defined position at the airbag 14 even when the port release tether 20 is actively released before the predetermined tensile tether force is reached.

[0029] The discharge port closure 26 in this case is a snout-shaped extension at the discharge port 28. When the discharge port closure 26 is retained inside the airbag 14, the snout-shaped extension is compressed by the internal airbag pressure upon inflation of the airbag 14 so that the discharge port 28 remains substantially closed. As soon as the discharge port closure 26 is no longer held in the interior of the airbag 14, the snout-shaped extension is inverted inside out by the internal airbag pressure upon inflation of the airbag 14 so that inflator gas may flow to the outside of the airbag 14 via the discharge port 28 and the snout-shaped extension (cf. FIG. 4, for example).

[0030] Furthermore, a shaping tether 22 is provided which is fastened at the airbag 14, especially at a front portion of the airbag 14 facing the vehicle occupant 16 and is capable of influencing the airbag deployment geometry, especially an airbag depth t of the airbag 14.

[0031] The port release tether 20 and the shaping tether 22 are two separate tethers, according to FIG. 1, each of which is (detachably) coupled at one tether end to the tether release device 24, wherein the shaping tether 22 then branches and includes plural opposite tether ends which are fastened to the front portion of the airbag 14.

[0032] Alternatively, it is also imaginable that the port release tether 20 and the shaping tether 22 are integrally formed. In this case, the two tethers 20, 22 are integrally transformed into each other e.g. in the area of their coupling point to the tether release device 24.

[0033] In the shown example embodiment the discharge port 28 is closed in an initial state of the airbag module 10 and exclusively released passively while the airbag 14 reaches a predetermined deployment geometry and the port release tether 20 reaches the predetermined tensile tether force. In this way, the airbag deployment may by additionally adapted with little effort by means of the activation time of the tether release device 24. If the activation time is after reaching the predetermined tensile tether force in the port release tether, it means that the discharge port 28 has already been released passively and the active release of the port release tether 20 has no longer any effect on the airbag deployment. If the port release tether 20 is however already actively released before reaching its predetermined tensile tether force, the predetermined tensile tether force irrespective of the deployment geometry of the airbag 14 is no longer reached and the discharge port 28 remains permanently closed. Consequently, three different adaptations of the airbag deployment may be achieved by means of a single tether release device 24 by activating the tether release device 24 at a late time (see FIGS. 8 to 12), an early time (see FIGS. 5 to 7) or not at all (see FIGS. 1 to 4).

[0034] Hereinafter, by way of the Figures the method of operating the vehicle occupant restraint system 12 shall be discussed.

[0035] The vehicle occupant restraint system 12 comprises, according to FIG. 1, sensors 34, 36, 38, 42 for detecting predetermined parameters as well as an electronic control unit 40 connected to the sensors 34, 36, 38, 42 for activating the inflator 18 and the tether release device 24 in response to the sensor signals.

[0036] In the case of crash, the electronic control unit 40 releases the inflator 18 based on received sensor signals so as to fill the airbag 14 with inflator gas (method step a).

[0037] The tether release device 24 cannot be activated before the inflator 18 is triggered and is optionally activated or not activated by the electronic control unit 40 in response to the detected parameters (method step b).

[0038] In the shown example embodiment, the vehicle occupant restraint system 12 has a sensor 34 for detecting a size and/or a weight of the vehicle occupant 16, wherein the tether release device 24 is activated above a predetermined limit size and/or a predetermined limit weight in step b) and is not activated below the predetermined limit size and/or the predetermined limit weight in step b). The sensor 34 is especially arranged in a vehicle seat 35 of the vehicle occupant 16 and detects, for example, a seat adjustment and/or an occupant weight.

[0039] FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate the deployment operation of the airbag 14 for a small and/or light vehicle occupant 16. According to FIG. 1, in a generally known manner a vehicle crash is detected, for example by a crash sensor 42, and subsequently the inflator 18 is triggered so as to inflate the airbag 14. The sensor 34 detects the vehicle occupant 16 to be less than the predetermined limit size and/or the predetermined limit weight so that the electronic control unit 40 does not activate the tether release device 24 during airbag deployment according to FIG. 2.

[0040] The shaping tether 22 in this case prevents free airbag deployment so that, according to FIG. 3, only a small airbag depth t may form. The discharge port 28 remains initially closed, with the port release tether 20 tensioning upon deployment of the airbag 14 until the tear seam 30 finally tears upon reaching the predetermined tensile tether force and releases the discharge port 28 (FIG. 4). By the release of the discharge port 28 a relatively soft airbag 14 is provided which has turned out to be advantageous for restraining a small and/or light vehicle occupant 16.

[0041] On the other hand, FIGS. 5 to 7 illustrate the deployment operation of the airbag 14 for a tall and/or heavy vehicle occupant 16. Initially, again a vehicle crash is detected and then the inflator 18 is triggered so as to inflate the airbag 14. The sensor 34 detects that the vehicle occupant 16 exceeds the predetermined limit size and/or the predetermined limit weight so that the electronic control unit 40 activates the tether release device 24 shortly after triggering the inflator 18 and still during airbag deployment, as indicated in FIG. 5. As a consequence, the shaping tether 22 is released according to FIG. 6 so that the airbag 14 forms a large airbag depth t (FIG. 7). Furthermore, also the port release tether 20 is released so that during airbag deployment no tensile tether force may build up. Consequently, the discharge port closure 26 in the form of a snout-shaped extension remains fixed at the retaining element 32 inside the airbag 14 by the tear seam 30 and the discharge port 28 remains appropriately closed so that sufficient hardness of the airbag is ensured for restraining a tall and/or heavy vehicle occupant 16.

[0042] Further, in the illustrated example embodiment, the vehicle occupant restraint system 12 includes a sensor 36 for detecting an automated driving mode as well as a sensor 38 for detecting a distance s between the vehicle occupant 16 and the inflator 18 (cf. FIG. 1), wherein the tether release device 24 is activated in the automated driving mode and/or above a predetermined limit distance in step b) and is not activated in a manual driving mode and/or below the predetermined limit distance in step b).

[0043] FIGS. 8 to 12 illustrate the deployment operation of the airbag 14 in an automated driving mode of the vehicle and/or in the case of a large distance s between the vehicle occupant 16 and the inflator 18. The detection of the automated driving mode is usually correlated with a large distance s, as the vehicle occupant 16 frequently sits in a relaxed leaned-back sitting position and/or the steering wheel 25 is pulled toward an instrument panel 44 for reasons of convenience.

[0044] After detecting a vehicle crash, the deployment operation according to FIGS. 8 to 11 initially takes place just as described with respect to FIGS. 1 to 4 so that at the beginning a rather soft airbag 14 having a small airbag depth t is formed.

[0045] Due to the large distance s no high hardness of the airbag is required, as there is sufficient path available for slower deceleration of the vehicle occupant 16. In order to fully utilize the large distance s for the occupant restraint, finally according to FIG. 12 the tether release device 24 is activated by the electronic control unit 40 to release the two tethers 20, 22. In this way, a relatively soft airbag 14 having a large airbag depth t is formed which enables the vehicle occupant 16 to be restrained in a relatively gentle manner.

[0046] What is important in this case is that the tether release device 24 is not activated before the predetermined tensile tether force in the port release tether 20 has already been exceeded and in this way the tear seam 30 has been torn and the discharge port 28 has been released.

[0047] By way of the foregoing explanations it is clear that, when a tall and/or heavy vehicle occupant 16 according to FIGS. 5 to 7 is detected, the tether release device 24 is activated earlier in step b) than when the automated driving mode is detected and/or when the predetermined limit distance is exceeded. For this purpose, different individually adapted time delays between triggering the inflator 18 and activating the tether release device 24 may be stored in the electronic control unit for the individual parameters detected by sensors.

[0048] When an automated driving mode and/or exceeding of the predetermined limit distance is/are detected, a deployment operation of the airbag 14 according to FIGS. 8 to 12 is initiated by the electronic control unit 40, especially for all vehicle occupants 16 independently of their size and/or weight. Due to the large distance s, even in the case of small and/or light persons the larger airbag depth t can be used to advantageously decelerate the vehicle occupant 16 more slowly and thus to restrain the vehicle occupant 16 more gently.

[0049] Overall, in the FIGS. 1 to 12 an vehicle occupant restraint system 12 is proposed as an example which is operated according to the previously described method comprising an airbag module 10 described above, a steering wheel 25 as well as sensors 34, 36, 38, 42 for detecting predetermined parameters and an electronic control unit 40 connected to the sensors 34, 36, 38, 42 for activating the inflator 18 and the tether release device 24 in response to the sensor signals, the airbag module 10 being mounted in the hub area of the steering wheel 25.