Composition based on nordihydroguaiaretic acid

Abstract

The pesticide and method of manufacturing includes one component extracted from an evergreen Bush “Larrea tridentate” the common name of which is Gobernadora, in which the main active ingredient is nordihydroguaiaretic acid(NDGA) 1,4-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dimethylbutane, 4,4′-(2,3-Dimethyltetramethylene) dipyrocatechol. The composition of which is enriched with plant oils, emulsifiers and humidifiers, thus obtaining a product which can be easily used in crops with the help of sprinklers. Consequently, the action field of this procedure is within chemical compositions used to cultivate crops and fruit products.

Claims

1. A chemical composition, comprising: a Larrea tridentate extract at 50-95 wt %, being comprised of nordihydroguaiaretic acid; a plant compound selected from the group consisting of a botanic extract and plant oil at 1-15 wt %; an adjuvant at 1-5 wt %; and a vehicle at 5-50 wt %, wherein said plant compound is selected from the group consisting of Piper nigrum, Origanum vulgare, Allium sp, Equisetum sp, Thymus sp, Schinus molle, Chenopodium sp and Ruta sp, wherein said adjuvant is selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, sorbitan polyoxyethylene monolaurate and ethoxylated castor oil, said adjuvant being a dispersant, and wherein said vehicle is comprised of ethanol and water.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) None.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(2) A formula (chemical composition) is described beginning with harvesting Larrea tridentata leaves, without the branches and roots, being careful of not damaging the leaves when they are cut, and placing said leaves in sacks.

(3) Said plant material must be analyzed in order to determine the percentage of nordihydroguaiaretic acid present to make sure the extract will contain the minimum necessary amount of the metabolite.

(4) The drying and extracting process must be carefully watched not to exceed the allowed maximum temperature, to prevent the degradation of nordihydroguaiaretic acid which will affect the quality of the extract.

(5) After the previous step is finished, the product is discharged and filtered to remove the leaves from the liquid.

(6) With this raw material a composition is prepared that has pesticide properties to control fungal and bacterial diseases such as anthracnose, mildew, bacterial spots, bacterial spots on leaves, root and neck rot, blight, etc. in vegetable and fruit crops, grains and cereals and in industrial crops and other yearly and perennial crops.

(7) The standard formula (chemical composition) of this invention is described herein below, mentioning the percentage of the components that can be present without these affecting the biological activity of said formula. The proportion may vary depending on the purity of its ingredients, yet keeping the characteristics of the specific modality. The formula is expressed as follows:

(8) Formula expressed in percentage

(9) TABLE-US-00001 Larrea tridentata extract 50-95% (Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid) Botanical extract or plant oil  1-15% Adjuvants 1-5% Vehicle  5-50%

(10) The botanical extract or the plant oils come from plants such as Piper nigrum, Origanum vulgare, Allium sp. Equisetum sp, Thymus sp, Schinus molle, Chenopodium sp y Ruta sp.

(11) Adjuvants used are ascorbic acid and sorbitan polyoxietilene monolaurate or ethoxilated castor oil (by themselves or in a 1:1 mixture) which act as dispersant agents multiplying the beneficial effects of adherence, compatibility, pH correction, thus reducing evaporation and penetration.

(12) The vehicle is a mixture of ethanol—water used as an extraction agent for the extracts and as solvent.

(13) In order to develop the chemical preparation, as a first step the extracts were evaluated by themselves and in combination, and selecting those in which growth of phytopatogenic agent inhibition was partial or total. The extracts themselves and the selected mixtures were chemically prepared with the adjuvants and the vehicles to obtain the chemical preparation same which later were submitted to an assay.

(14) Below, the most relevant results in the aspect of fungi and phytopatogenic bacteria inhibition are shown.

EXAMPLE 1

(15) The primary extract of Larrea tridentata was obtained with the following procedure: a) Weigh 500 to 750 g of the grinded vegetal material and sifted with a #40 mesh. b) Place the vegetal material in a container having a temperature and stirring system. c) Add the alcohol and monolaurate mixture, heat to a 50 to 70° temperature and allow the material to humidify for 2 to 4 hours. Check that pH remains at 5.5. Keep the temperature and stirring conditions during at least 8 more hours. d) Let the product cool until room temperature is reached and filter to completely eliminate any vegetable residues. e) The obtained product is characterized by the nordihydroguaiaretic acid content through chromatographic techniques. f) Perform the concentration adjustment by adding the vehicle and finally add the preservative. If necessary the pH of the product is again adjusted to 5.0 to 6.0

(16) With the extract obtained the above description of the process serial dilutions in 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, y 2.0% were prepared and submitted to a biological effectiveness essay using different species of microorganisms. The study was carried out with the optimal growth conditions recorded in technical literature. After 5 days in the study, the effect caused by the different extract concentrations of each assessed species was determined.

(17) Table 1 clearly shows the results of its effectiveness. It can be seen that 0.01 and 0.1% concentrations do not have any inhibitory effect on the assessed species, yet as of a 0.5% concentration it is observed that there is an effect of inhibition in the growth and in the development of the assessed organisms.

(18) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 Assessment of Larrea extract against three phytopatogenic fungi isolations in vitro Fusarium sp Alternaria sp Colletotrichum sp Extract 0.01% no inhibition no inhibition no inhibition Extract 0.1% no inhibition no inhibition no inhibition Extract 0.5% no inhibition Inhibition no inhibition Extract 1.0% no inhibition Inhibition Inhibition Extract 2.0% Inhibition Inhibition Inhibition

(19) Based on the results shown in Table 1, 1.0% extract concentration was evaluated adding different botanical extracts same that would complement its biological activity. In Table 2 the indicated mixtures are described in a 10 mL/L dosage under the same environmental conditions in the first assessment.

(20) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 Assessment of the Larrea extract combined with botanical extracts in a hydroalcoholic stage vs phytophatogenic fungi isolations in vitro Fusarium sp Alternaria sp Colletotrichum sp Larrea extract + Thymus Partial inhibition Partial inhibition Partial inhibition Larrea extract + Ruta Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Partial inhibition Larrea extract + Allium Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Larrea extract + Piper Partial inhibition Complete inhibition Partial inhibition Larrea extract + Equisetum Complete inhibition Partial inhibition Complete inhibition

(21) According to this evaluation it was observed that the biological activity of the mixture of extracts has a clear effect on the development and on the growth of fungi because in all of the cases there was the presence of the inhibitory effect. The most complete was that in which there was no fungi growth on the culture medium used.

(22) In Table 4 the extracts were evaluated again, but with three different species of phytopatogenic bacteria in order to observe if there was also an effect as a bactericide. The essay was carried out with a 10 mL/L dosage and with an incubation period of 36 hours at 30° C.,

(23) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Assessment of the Larrea extract combined with botanical extracts in a hydroalcoholic stage vs phytopatogenic bacteria. Streptomyces sp Xhantomonas sp Clavibactr sp Larrea extract + Thymus Partial inhibition Complete inhibition Partial inhibition Larrea extract + Ruta Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Partial inhibition Larrea extract + Allium Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Larrea extract + Piper Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Larrea extract + Equisetum Complete inhibition Complete inhibition Complete inhibition

(24) In this case sensitivity of bacteria to the mixture of extracts was higher because the inhibition is complete in almost all of the cases. This is seen by the fact that there was no growth of colonies during the assessment period.

(25) Based on the results above, chemical preparations using the evaluated extracts (variable proportions) were prepared and the adjutants described in the mentioned percentages, in the percentage composition were added. The preparations obtained were assessed in vitro against six phytopatogenic agents with a dosage of 10 ml/L of the chemical preparation per liter of water under the same environmental conditions as the essays above. The effects of the different preparations are described in Table 5.

(26) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Assessment of Larrea Tridentata Extract combined with botanical extracts and coadjutans vs phytopatogenic organisms. Fusarium sp Sclerotium sp Colletotichum sp Streptomyces sp Xhantomonas sp Clavibacter sp Preparation 1 Partial Complete Complete Complete Complete Partial Preparation 2 Complete Complete Partial Complete Partial Complete Preparation 3 Partial Complete Complete Complete Complete Complete Preparation 4 Complete Partial Complete Partial Partial Partial Preparation 5 Partial Partial Complete Complete Complete Partial

(27) According to the results of these essays, each one of the preparations evaluated is able to inhibit the growth and the development of certain phytopatogenic organisms, due to the fact that its activity can be described as a fungicide and a bactericide.

(28) Best Way to Put the Invention to Practice

(29) According to the data in the tables above, the precise combination of extracts, adjuvants and vehicles result in a preparation the fungicide and bactericide action of which allows controlling phytopatogenic agents of agricultural importance. The product that was developed is constituted by natural extracts that do not have a negative impact on the environment.