CONVEYOR DEVICE FOR THE DISTANCELESS AND PRESSURELESS, OR LOW-PRESSURE, ACCUMULATION OF OBJECTS, AND OPERATING METHOD THEREFOR

Abstract

The invention relates to a conveying device (1) having an accumulation area (SB) for accumulating objects (O, O1 . . . O2, Oa . . . Oj), and to an operating method for the conveying device (1). By means of a measuring device (L1), the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of a first object (O1) and the object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of a second object (O2) which follows the first object (O1) are detected. The position of the objects (O1, O2) is determined by means of rotation signals from the drives (M) of conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L). For the second object (O2), a continuous curve of a speed reduction of a target speed (v.sub.Soll) is calculated, wherein the calculated stop position (P.sub.Stop) of the object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2) is located at the position of the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1), or between the object front edge (K.sub.VO1) of the stopped first object (O1) and the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1). Subsequently, the second object (O2) is moved and stopped by means of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) on the basis of the calculated speed reduction.

Claims

1-31. (canceled)

32: A method for accumulating objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) in an accumulation area (SB) of a conveying device (1) in the form of object blocks (B, Ba, Bb), which comprise multiple objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) moved at a common speed, comprising the steps: detecting an object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of a first object (O1) at a first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) by means of a first measuring device (L1), wherein the first object (O1) is moved past the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) downstream in a conveying direction by driven conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) of the conveying device (1) and wherein the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1) is located upstream of an object front edge (K.sub.VO1) of the first object (O1), detecting an object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of a second object (O2), which follows the first object (O1) upstream, at the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) by means of the first measuring device (L1), wherein the second object (O2) is moved past the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) downstream in the conveying direction by the driven conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) and wherein the object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2) is located down-stream of an object rear edge (K.sub.HO2) of the second object (O2), moving the first object (O1) to a stop position (P.sub.Stop), which is located downstream of the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) in the conveying direction, and stopping the first object (O1) with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) at its stop position (P.sub.Stop) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), wherein a current position of the first object (O1), between the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) and its stop position (P.sub.Stop), is determined with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), wherein for the second object (O2), a continuous curve of a speed reduction of a target speed (v.sub.Soll) is calculated by a controller (5), wherein the calculated stop position (P.sub.Stop) of the object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2) is located at the position of the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1), or between the object front edge (K.sub.VO1) of the stopped first object (O1) and the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1), and the second object (O2) is moved and stopped with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) using the calculated speed reduction, wherein a current position of the second object (O2), between the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) and its stop position (P.sub.Stop), is determined with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), and the calculation of the speed reduction a) is based on a virtual object rear edge (G.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1), which is located downstream of a physical object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1), and/or b) is based on a virtual object front edge (G.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2), which is located upstream of a physical object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object O2, or c) is based on a virtual object rear edge (G.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1), which is located upstream of a physical object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1), and/or d) is based on a virtual object front edge (G.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2), which is located downstream of a physical object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2).

33: The method according to claim 32, wherein the speed reduction has a linear course.

34: The method according to claim 32, wherein the speed reduction has a degressively extending section in the area of the position of the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1).

35: The method according to claim 32, wherein a position for the target speed (v.sub.Soll) zero is located downstream of the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1) and the target speed (v.sub.Soll) at the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1) amounts to a maximum of 0.1 m/s.

36: The method according to claim 32, wherein the first object (O1) and the second object (O2) are moved past the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) at a constant speed.

37: The method according to claim 32, wherein the distance between the virtual object rear edge (G.sub.HO1) and the physical object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1) and/or the distance between the virtual object front edge (G.sub.VO2) and the physical object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2) corresponds to the inaccuracy in the position determination of the first object (O1) and the second object (O2) by the measuring device (L1) plus a tolerance of □10%.

38: The method according to claim 32, wherein a conveyor element (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) arranged in the region of the first object (O1) is held in position after stopping of the first object (O1).

39: The method according to claim 38, wherein a braking torque of a conveyor element (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) arranged in the region of the first object (O1) is measured and the second object (O2) is stopped once the braking torque exceeds a first threshold value.

40: The method according to claim 38, wherein a braking torque of a conveyor element (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) arranged in the region of the first object (O1) is measured and the second object (O2), after contact with the first object (O1), is moved back and stopped if the braking torque drops below a second threshold value.

41: The method according to claim 32, wherein conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) arranged in the region of the first object (O1) are switched to freewheel mode after the first object (O1) has been stopped.

42: The method according to claim 32, wherein the first object (O1), when being stopped at its stop position (P.sub.Stop) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), is stopped with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) at an up-stream zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a first zone (Z1) of multiple independently drivable zones (Za . . . Zg) of the conveying device (1) in the accumulation area (SB), the second object (O2) is moved towards the first object (O1) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) and the first object (O1) and the second object (O1), after the second object (O2) has been driven against the first object (O1), become part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) which is moved downstream in the conveying direction (1) at a common actual speed with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), and wherein the object block (B, Ba, Bb) is stopped with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) when it reaches, with its block rear edge (K.sub.HB), the zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a zone (Za . . . Zg) following downstream, wherein a current position of the block rear edge (K.sub.HB) is determined with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L).

43: A method for accumulating objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) in an accumulation area (SB) of a conveying device (1) in the form of object blocks (B, Ba, Bb), which comprise multiple objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) moved at a common speed, comprising the steps: detecting an object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of a first object (O1) at a first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) by means of a first measuring device (L1), wherein the first object (O1) is moved past the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) by driven conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) downstream in a conveying direction and wherein the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1) is located upstream of an object front edge (KVOi) of the first object (O1), detecting an object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of a second object (O2), which follows the first object (O1) upstream, at the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) by means of the first measuring device (L1), wherein the second object (O2) is moved past the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) downstream in the conveying direction by the driven conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) and wherein the object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2) is located down-stream of an object rear edge (K.sub.HO2) of the second object (O2), moving the first object (O1) to a stop position (P.sub.Stop), which is located downstream of the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) in the conveying direction, and stopping the first object (O1) with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) at its stop position (P.sub.Stop) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), wherein a current position of the first object (O1), between the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) and its stop position (P.sub.Stop), is determined with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), wherein the first object (O1), when being stopped at its stop position (P.sub.Stop) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), is stopped with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) at an upstream zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a first zone (Z1) of multiple independently drivable zones (Za . . . Zg) of the conveying device (1) in the accumulation area (SB), the second object (O2) is moved towards the first object (O1) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) and the first object (O1) and the second object (O1), after the second object (O2) has been driven against the first object (O1) or after the second object (O2) has a predefinable distance (xf . . . xi) to the first object (O1), become part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) which is moved downstream in the conveying direction (1) at a common actual speed with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), and wherein the object block (B, Ba, Bb) is stopped with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) when it reaches, with its block rear edge (K.sub.HB), the zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a zone (Za . . . Zg) following downstream or when it is positioned with its block rear edge (K.sub.HB) at a distance downstream of one of said zone rear edges (K.sub.HZ1) which corresponds to less than or equal to a desired distance (x.sub.f . . . x.sub.i) to a following object (Oa . . . Oj), wherein a current position of the block rear edge (K.sub.HB) is determined with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L).

44: The method according to claim 42, wherein the block rear edge (K.sub.HB) corresponds to the object rear edge (K.sub.HO2) of the second object (O2) if the second object (O2) is an isolated object before the second object (O2) becomes part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) together with the first object (O1), and the block rear edge (K.sub.HB) corresponds to the object rear edge of a third object (O3) if the second object (O2) and the third object (O3) are already part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) before the first object (O1) is added to this object block (B, Ba, Bb), wherein the third object (O3) is arranged at the upstream end of the object block (B, Ba, Bb).

45: The method according to claim 42, wherein it is checked whether a group of successive objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj), including the first and the second objects (O1, O2), fits into a zone (Z1 . . . Z3, Za . . . Zg) or into a group of successive zones (Z1 . . . Z3, Za . . . Zg) located downstream of the last object (Oa . . . Oj) of the group, and an object block (B, Ba, Bb) is formed from the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) of the group only if the result of the check is positive, and otherwise the second object (O2) is stopped with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO2) at a zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ2) of a second zone (Z2) of the accumulation area (SB) or is stopped at a distance downstream of one of said zone rear edges (K.sub.HZ2) which corresponds to less than or equal to a desired distance (xf, xg, xh, xi) to a following object (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj), wherein the second zone (Z2) is arranged behind the first zone (Z1).

46: The method according to claim 45, wherein the object block (B, Ba, Bb) is formed without intermediate stop of the objects (O2, Oa . . . Oj) of the group following the first object (O1) when the result of the check is positive.

47: The method according to claim 42, wherein all objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) are stopped successively in time in the same zone (Zg, Z1), said zone (Zg) being arranged in particular directly behind a measuring area (MB) containing the first measuring device (L1).

48: The method according to claim 42, wherein the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) are stopped in different zones (Z1 . . . Z2, Za . . . Zg), in particular starting at the downstream end of the accumulation area (SB).

49: The method according to claim 42, wherein an object (Oa) leading in the accumulation area (SB) does not become part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) or is isolated therefrom.

50: The method according to claim 49, wherein an object (Ob) following the leading object (Oa) is detached from an object block (B, Ba, Bb) and moves to the downstream end of the accumulation area (SB) if it is part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) and if the leading object (Oa) leaves the accumulation area (SB).

51: The method according to claim 49, wherein objects (Ob . . . Oj) following the leading object (Oa) are detached from an object block (B, Ba, Bb) if these are part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) and are to leave the accumulation area (SB) as planned together with the leading object (Oa), wherein the detachment from the object block (B, Ba, Bb) takes place when the object rear edge of the last object of the object block (B, Ba, Bb) to be detached reaches a zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a zone (Za . . . Zg).

52: The method according to claim 49, wherein at least one object (Ob . . . Oj) following the leading object (Oa) drives against the leading object (Oa) if said objects (Oa . . . Oj) are to leave the accumulation area (SB) as an object block (B, Ba, Bb) as planned.

53: The method according to claim 42, wherein an object block (B, Ba, Bb) is formed merely up to a maximum length.

54: The method according to claim 42, wherein it comprises multiple operating modes selectable from the group of: (a) a method wherein all objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) are stopped successively in time in the same zone (Zg, Z1), said zone (Zg) being arranged in particular directly behind a measuring area (MB) containing the first measuring device (L1); (b) a method wherein the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) are stopped in different zones (Z1 . . . Z2, Za . . . Zg), in particular starting at the downstream end of the accumulation area (SB); (c) a method wherein all objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) are stopped successively in time in the same zone (Zg, Z1), said zone (Zg) being arranged in particular directly behind a measuring area (MB) containing the first measuring device (L1), in combination with a method wherein an object (Oa) leading in the accumulation area (SB) does not become part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) or is isolated therefrom; (d) a method wherein the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) are stopped in different zones (Z1 . . . Z2, Za . . . Zg), in particular starting at the downstream end of the accumulation area (SB), in combination with a method wherein an object (Oa) leading in the accumulation area (SB) does not become part of an object block (B, Ba, Bb) or is isolated therefrom; between which switching is possible.

55: A conveying device (1) for a conveyor system for accumulating objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) in an accumulation area (SB) in the form of object blocks (B, Ba, Bb), which comprise multiple objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) moved at a common speed, comprising: driven conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) for transporting the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj), a first measuring device (L1) for detecting an object front edge (K.sub.VO, K.sub.VO1, K.sub.VO2) and an object rear edge (K.sub.HO, K.sub.HO1, K.sub.HO2) of the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) at a first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1), wherein the object front edge (K.sub.VO, K.sub.VO1, K.sub.VO2) is located downstream of the object rear edge (K.sub.HO, K.sub.HO1, K.sub.HO2) of the object (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) in the conveying direction, and a controller (5) which is configured for controlling drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) according to a predefined target movement of the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj), for moving a first object (O1) to a stop position (P.sub.Stop) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), said stop position being arranged downstream of the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) in the conveying direction, to stop the first object (O1) with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) at its stop position (P.sub.Stop), and to determine a current position of the first object (O1) between the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) and its stop position (P.sub.Stop) with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), wherein the controller (5) is further configured for calculating a continuous curve of a speed reduction of a target speed (v.sub.soll) for a second object (O2), wherein the calculated stop position (P.sub.Stop) of the object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2) is located at the position of the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1), or between the object front edge (K.sub.VO1) of the stopped first object (O1) and the object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the stopped first object (O1), and controlling the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) according to the calculated curve of the speed reduction, stopping the second object (O2) behind the first object (O1) using the calculated speed reduction and determining a current position of the second object (O2), between the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) and its stop position (P.sub.Stop), with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), wherein the calculation of the speed reduction a) is based on a virtual object rear edge (G.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1), which is located downstream of a physical object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1), and/or b) is based on a virtual object front edge (G.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2), which is located upstream of a physical object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object O2, or c) is based on a virtual object rear edge (G.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1), which is located upstream of a physical object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) of the first object (O1), and/or d) is based on a virtual object front edge (G.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2), which is located downstream of a physical object front edge (K.sub.VO2) of the second object (O2) . . .

56: The conveying device (1) according to claim 55, wherein the controller (5) is further configured for stopping the first object (O1), when being stopped at its stop position (P.sub.Stop), with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) at an up-stream zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a first zone (Z1) of multiple independently drivable zones (Za . . . Zg) of the conveying device (1) in the accumulation area (SB), moving the second object (O2) towards the first object (O1) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) and moving the first object (O1) and the second object (O1), after the second object (O2) has been driven against the first object (O1), downstream in the conveying direction at a common actual speed as an object block (B, Ba, Bb) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), stopping the object block (B, Ba, Bb) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) when it reaches, with its block rear edge (K.sub.HB), the zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a zone (Za . . . Zg) following downstream, and determining a current position of the block rear edge (K.sub.HB) with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L).

57: A conveying device (1) for a conveyor system for accumulating objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) in an accumulation area (SB) in the form of object blocks (B, Ba, Bb), which comprise multiple objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) moved at a common speed, comprising: driven conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) for transporting the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj), a first measuring device (L1) for detecting an object front edge (K.sub.VO, K.sub.VO1, K.sub.VO2) and an object rear edge (K.sub.HO, K.sub.HO1, K.sub.HO2) of the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) at a first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1), wherein the object front edge (K.sub.VO, K.sub.VO1, K.sub.VO2) is located downstream of the object rear edge (K.sub.HO, K.sub.HO1, K.sub.HO2) of the object (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) in the conveying direction, and a controller (5) which is configured for controlling drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) according to a predefined target movement of the objects (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj), for moving a first object (O1) to a stop position (P.sub.Stop) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), said stop position being arranged downstream of the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) in the conveying direction, to stop the first object (O1) with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) at its stop position (P.sub.Stop), and to determine a current position of the first object (O1) between the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) and its stop position (P.sub.Stop) with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), wherein the controller (5) is further configured for stopping the first object (O1), when being stopped at its stop position (P.sub.Stop), with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) with its object rear edge (K.sub.HO1) at an up-stream zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a first zone (Z1) of multiple independently drivable zones (Za . . . Zg) of the conveying device (1) in the accumulation area (SB), moving the second object (O2) towards the first object (O1) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) and moving the first object (O1) and the second object (O1), after the second object (O2) has been driven against the first object (O1) or after the second object (O2) has a pre-definable distance (xf . . . xi) to the first object (O1), downstream in the conveying direction at a common actual speed as an object block (B, Ba, Bb) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L), stopping the object block (B, Ba, Bb) with the aid of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) when it reaches, with its block rear edge (K.sub.HB), the zone rear edge (K.sub.HZ1) of a zone (Za . . . Zg) following downstream or when it is positioned with its block rear edge (K.sub.HB) at a distance downstream of one of said zone rear edges (K.sub.HZ1) which corresponds to less than or equal to a desired distance (xf . . . xi) to a following object (Oa . . . Oj), and determining a current position of the block rear edge (K.sub.HB) with the aid of rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L).

58: The conveying device (1) according to claim 55, comprising a measuring area (MB) which is arranged upstream of the accumulation area (SB) and in which the object front edge (K.sub.VO, K.sub.VO1, K.sub.VO2) and the object rear edge (K.sub.HO, K.sub.HO1, K.sub.HO2) of an object (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) are detected by the first measuring device (L1).

59: The conveying device (1) according to claim 55, wherein at least one second measuring position (P.sub.Mess2) is arranged downstream of the first measuring position (P.sub.Mess1) in the detection area of the first measuring device (1) or of a second measuring device (L2), and the controller (5) is additionally configured for resetting the current position of an object (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) determined with the aid of the rotation signals from the drives (M) of the conveyor elements (2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L) to the value of the second measuring position (P.sub.Mess2) if the respective object (O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj) is detected at the second measuring position (P.sub.Mess2).

60: The conveying device (1) according to claim 55, wherein a light barrier, a camera or a laser scanner is provided as the measuring device (L1, L2).

Description

[0105] For the purpose of better understanding of the invention, it will be elucidated in more detail by means of the figures below.

[0106] These show in a respectively very simplified schematic representation:

[0107] FIG. 1 the general structure of an exemplary conveying device in a lateral view;

[0108] FIG. 2 the conveying device from FIG. 1 in a top view;

[0109] FIG. 3 as FIG. 2, but with an object in general position in the alignment area;

[0110] FIG. 4 as FIG. 3, but with the longitudinally aligned object in the measuring area;

[0111] FIG. 5 a detailed side view of a conveying device with a first object moving thereon;

[0112] FIG. 6 as FIG. 5, but with a second object to be linearly decelerated according to a planned speed progression;

[0113] FIG. 7 a detail view of FIG. 6 with a speed progression of the second object ending at the object rear edge of the first object;

[0114] FIG. 8 similar to FIG. 6, but with a speed progression for the second object ending downstream of the object rear edge of the first object;

[0115] FIG. 9 a detail view of FIG. 8;

[0116] FIG. 10 similar to FIG. 8, but with a speed progression for the second object having a degressive section;

[0117] FIG. 11 a detail view of FIG. 10;

[0118] FIG. 12 similar to FIG. 6, but with virtually shortened objects;

[0119] FIG. 13 a detail view of FIG. 12;

[0120] FIG. 14 similar to FIG. 6, but with virtually enlarged objects;

[0121] FIG. 15 a detail view of FIG. 14;

[0122] FIGS. 16 to 24 a conveying device at different points in time of an exemplary course of method for forming an object block at the upstream end of the accumulation area;

[0123] FIGS. 25 to 39 a variant of a course of method described in FIGS. 16 to 24 in which an object is positioned isolated at the downstream end of the accumulation area;

[0124] FIGS. 40 to 41 another variant of the course of method described in FIGS. 25 to 39 for isolating an object from an object block;

[0125] FIGS. 42 to 43 a further variant for isolating an object from an object block;

[0126] FIGS. 44 to 50 a conveying device at different points in time of an exemplary course of method for forming an object block at the downstream end of the accumulation area;

[0127] FIGS. 51 to 55 similar as the course of method described in FIGS. 44 to 50, but with objects following each other closely at the entry to the accumulation area;

[0128] FIGS. 56 to 61 similar to the course of method described in FIGS. 51 to 55, but with the formation of an object block starting downstream;

[0129] FIGS. 62 to 70 an exemplary course of method for isolating an object from an object block starting from the situation shown in FIG. 50, 55 or 61;

[0130] FIGS. 71 to 81 an exemplary course of method for merging object blocks; and

[0131] FIG. 82 an exemplary object block whose objects are virtually enlarged.

[0132] First of all, it is to be noted that in the different embodiments described, equal parts are provided with equal reference numbers and/or equal component designations, where the disclosures contained in the entire description may be analogously transferred to equal parts with equal reference numbers and/or equal component designations. Moreover, the specifications of location, such as at the top, at the bottom, at the side, chosen in the description refer to the directly described and depicted figure, and in case of a change of position, are to be analogously transferred to the new position.

[0133] FIGS. 1 to 4 show a conveying device 1 for a conveyor system for accumulating objects O in the form of object blocks. FIG. 1 shows the conveying device 1 in a lateral view, FIGS. 2 to 4 show it in a top view.

[0134] The conveying device 1 is divided into an accumulation area SB, an optional measuring area MB, an optional alignment area AB and an optional dissolving area RB. The measuring area MB is arranged upstream of the accumulation area SB, the alignment area AB is arranged upstream of the measuring area MB, and the dissolving area RB is arranged downstream of the accumulation area SB. An inflow of objects O takes place at the entry E of the conveying device 1, an outward transport via the exit A. The conveying direction symbolized by arrows runs from right to left in FIGS. 1 to 4 (and also in all following figures). Positions that follow another position in the conveying direction are located “downstream”. Positions that precede another position in the conveying direction are located “upstream”. Thus, entry E is located upstream of exit A and exit A is located downstream of entry E.

[0135] The conveying device 1 comprises multiple driven conveyor elements 2 for transporting the objects O. In the example shown, the conveyor elements 2 are specifically designed as conveyor rollers arranged between two longitudinal beams 3. In the alignment area AB, alignment elements 4 are arranged which in the example shown are designed as obliquely arranged alignment rollers 4.

[0136] The conveying device 1 also comprises a first measuring device L for detecting an object front edge K.sub.VO and an object rear edge K.sub.HO of the object O at a first measuring position P.sub.Mess1, wherein the object front edge K.sub.VO is located downstream of the object rear edge K.sub.HO of the object O in the conveying direction. The measuring device L is designed as a light barrier in the concrete example shown, but it may also be formed by a camera, a laser scanner or the like, for example.

[0137] Finally, the conveying device 1 also comprises a controller 5, which in the example shown is arranged on one of the longitudinal beams 3 and is connected in terms of control technology to the conveyor rollers 2 via control lines or a control bus that are not shown.

[0138] The function of the conveying device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is as follows:

[0139] From a conveyor not shown, which is located upstream of the conveying device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the object O is transported and transferred to the alignment area AB in FIG. 3. The object O is transported in the conveying direction over the conveying device 1 by the alignment rollers 4 and the conveyor rollers 2. In this regard, the inclined alignment rollers 4 ensure that the object O reaches the subsequent measuring area MB in a predefined alignment, namely by aligning a side edge of the object O with one of the longitudinal beams 3. The alignment of the object O shown is purely exemplary, and other methods of aligning the object O are of course possible. The alignment area AB is, as mentioned, purely optional and may also be omitted.

[0140] In the measuring range MB, the object O driven by the conveyor rollers 2 passes, at the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1, the light barrier L, which determines the object front edge K.sub.VO and the object rear edge K.sub.HO of the object O. The current position of the object O on the conveying device 1 can now be determined at any time with the aid of rotation signals from the drives of the conveyor rollers 2. For this purpose, for example, the signals from a rotary encoder coupled to the conveyor roller 2 or the signals from a Hall sensor of the drive motor of the conveyor roller 2 are analyzed. Using these signals, the position of the conveyor roller 2, the rotational speed of the conveyor roller 2 and the number of rotations of the conveyor roller 2 that it has completed since a certain point in time can be determined. The number of rotations of the conveyor roller 2 multiplied by the circumference of the conveyor roller 2 results in the (theoretical) position of the object O.

[0141] With the aid of the controller 5, the drives of the conveyor rollers 2 are controlled according to a predefined target motion of the object O. For example, with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, the object O is moved to a stop position P.sub.Stop, which is located downstream of the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 in the conveying direction and is stopped there.

[0142] The dissolving area RB serves for dissolving object blocks as well as creating (predefined or randomly occurring) distances between multiple objects O that have left the accumulation area SB. This is achieved in particular by a downstream section in the dissolving area RB is driven with a higher conveying speed than an upstream section. The objects O are hence automatically spaced apart.

[0143] FIGS. 5 to 7 show a first example of how the formation of an object block may take place. In this regard, FIGS. 5 and 6 show the accumulation area SB and the measuring area MB of a conveying device 1 in a lateral view. FIG. 7 shows a detail view of the accumulation area SB. There, in particular, the motor M of the motorized conveyor roller 2.sub.M is indicated.

[0144] The accumulation area SB is divided into seven zones Z1 . . . Z7 by way of example in FIGS. 5 to 7. Each zone Z1 . . . Z7 comprises a motorized conveyor roller 2.sub.M and multiple (presently four) non-motorized conveyor rollers 2.sub.L, which are driven by the motorized conveyor roller 2.sub.M via a belt 6. Each zone Z1 . . . Z7 may thus be driven independently. This means that the conveying speed in the Zone Z1 may be set independently of the conveying speed in other zones Z2 . . . Z7, and so on. However, the conveying speed is the same within one zone Z1 . . . Z7.

[0145] At this point, it should be noted that the grouping of a motorized conveyor roller 2.sub.M with four non-motorized conveyor rollers 2.sub.L is purely exemplary and the conveyor rollers 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L can also be grouped in other ways. For example, it would be conceivable for two motorized conveyor rollers 2.sub.M to be combined with five non-motorized conveyor rollers 2.sub.L to form a group and thus a correspondingly larger zone Z1 . . . Z7. It would also be conceivable for all conveyor rollers 2 in the accumulation area SB to be motorized and for grouping via belts 6 to be omitted. Each conveyor roller 2 can then form a zone Z1 . . . Z7. Motorized conveyor rollers 2.sub.M can also be grouped into a zone Z1 . . . Z7 purely in terms of control technology (i.e. without belts 6). It is of course also conceivable that a zone Z1 . . . Z7 is formed by a conveyor belt or a conveyor chain which is guided over the conveyor rollers 2.

[0146] In the measuring area MB, the first light barrier L1 is arranged at a first measuring position P.sub.Mess1. In the example shown, the measuring area MB also has two zones Z.sub.M1 and Z.sub.M2, which can basically be structured in the same way as the zones Z1 . . . Z7. These zones Z.sub.M1, Z.sub.M2 may also be controlled individually, but as a rule these zones Z.sub.M1, Z.sub.M2 are operated synchronously.

[0147] A separation of the measuring area MB into multiple zones Z.sub.M1, Z.sub.M2 is therefore not obligatorily necessary. Of course, the measuring range MB may also comprise a different number of zones Z.sub.M1, Z.sub.M2.

[0148] At the downstream end of the accumulation area SB, a second measuring device L2 in the form of a light barrier is also arranged at a second measuring position P.sub.Mess2, the significance of which will be explained later.

[0149] A motion of an object O1, O2 is symbolized in FIGS. 5 and 6 (and also in all subsequent figures) by an arrow drawn above the object O1, O2 concerned. If there is no arrow above the object O1, O2, it is stationary at the time shown.

[0150] In FIG. 5, a first object O1 moves over the conveying device 1 and is located in zone Z5 at the time shown. At the time shown in FIG. 6, the first object O1 has been stopped at the stop position P.sub.Stop in zone Z1. A second object O2 is currently moving and is located in zone Z6.

[0151] The first object O1 has an object front edge K.sub.VO1 and an object rear edge K.sub.HO1. Likewise, the second object O2 has an object front edge K.sub.VO2 and an object rear edge K.sub.HO2. When the first light barrier L1 is passed at the measuring position P.sub.Mess1, at least the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 are detected, such that their positions on the conveyor device 1 subsequently can be calculated for each point in time via the rotation signals from the drives M of the conveyor rollers 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L. It is useful to also detect the object front edge K.sub.VO1 of the first object O1 and the object rear edge K.sub.HO2 of the second object O2, such that the indicated method may be repeated recursively for a desired number of objects O1, O2, and object blocks of any length may be formed. In particular, the lengths of the objects O1, O2 and/or the distances between the objects O1, O2 can also be determined.

[0152] Advantageously, the first object O1 and the second object O2 are moved past the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 at a constant speed and, in particular, at the same speed. In general, however, it would also be conceivable for the two objects O1, O2 to be moved past the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 at different (but constant) speeds or at varying (i.e. non-constant) speeds.

[0153] For the second object O2, the controller 5 now calculates a continuous course of a speed reduction of a target speed v.sub.soll, wherein the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 in this example lies at the position of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1. At the stop position P.sub.Stop, the target speed v.sub.soll=0. The course of the target speed v.sub.soll is shown in detail in FIG. 7.

[0154] Subsequently, the second object O2 is moved and stopped by means of the conveyor rollers 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L on the basis of the calculated speed reduction, wherein a current position of the second object O2 between the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 and its stop position P.sub.Stop is determined in the manner already described with the aid of rotation signals from the drives M of the conveyor rollers 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L. By means of the proposed measures, the second object O2 can be stopped in such a way that a distanceless and pressureless accumulation of objects O1, O2 and/or a distanceless and pressureless formation of object blocks is possible. Of course, more objects may be added to the object block, which comprises the first object O1 and the second object O2, in the described manner.

[0155] FIGS. 8 and 9 show a situation which is very similar to the situation shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. As opposed to this, the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2, at which v.sub.soll=0 applies to the target speed, is now located between the object front edge K.sub.VO1 and the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1. At the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1, the target speed is v.sub.soll=v.sub.O1>0. This means that the second object O2, as planned, approaches the first object O1 with a residual speed v.sub.O1.

[0156] Thus, inevitable measuring tolerances in the determination of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 as well as inaccuracies in the calculation of the position of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 may be compensated. This means that it may be ensured that the second object O2 in fact touches the first object O1 after stopping. By means of the proposed measures, the second object O2 can be stopped in such a way that a distanceless and low-pressure accumulation of objects O1, O2 and/or a distanceless and low-pressure formation of object blocks is possible.

[0157] Without additional measures, the mentioned measuring tolerances may result in that the second object O2 does not drive against the first object O1. However, the measuring tolerances may also result in that the second object O2 drives against the first object O1 stronger than planned. If many objects O1, O2 are involved in a formation of an object block, however, the objects O1, O2 in sum usually align themselves well to an object block in which there is only little accumulation pressure between the objects O1, O2, even if not all objects O1, O2 immediately drive against one another closely.

[0158] FIGS. 9 and 10 show a situation which is very similar to the situation shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. However, now, the speed reduction does not have a linear course, as is the case in the examples shown in FIGS. 5 to 9. Instead, the speed reduction has a degressively extending section in the region of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1. This means that at the beginning of the braking process, the second object O2 is decelerated stronger than at the end of the braking process. It becomes clear from the comparison of FIGS. 10 and 11 with FIGS. 8 and 9 that the residual speed v.sub.O1 planned at the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1 is now significantly smaller for the target speed v.sub.soll=0 for the same braking distance and same position. Accordingly, the second object O2 drives against the first object O1 more smoothly. By means of the proposed measures, the second object O2 can be stopped in such a way that a distanceless and lower-pressure accumulation of objects O1, O2 and/or a distanceless and lower-pressure formation of object blocks is possible.

[0159] It is additionally noted that the speed reduction can of course also have a degressively extending section in the region of the position of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1 if the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 is at the position of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1. Accordingly, a degressive speed progression may also be applied in the case shown in FIGS. 5 to 7.

[0160] Preferably, the planned residual speed v.sub.O1 at the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1 amounts to a maximum of 0.1 m/s. Hence, damage to the objects O1, O2 during the formation of object blocks may well be prevented.

[0161] In the examples described, the first object O1 is stopped with its object rear edge K.sub.HO1 and the second object O2 is stopped with its object front edge K.sub.VO2 at an upstream zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of the first zone Z1. However, this is not an obligatory condition for the described method, and the stop position P.sub.Stop may in general also be located elsewhere on the conveying device 1.

[0162] In order to ensure that objects O1, O2 are accumulated without distance and with low pressure, other, different strategies may be used.

[0163] For example, the conveyor rollers 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L arranged in the area of the first object O1 may be held in position after the first object O1 has been stopped. Hence, it is prevented that the first object is pushed away by the second object and an undesired distance between the two objects O1, O2 forms when the second object has been stopped. Braking may be performed with maximum braking force to prevent the first object O1 from being pushed away in any case, or with reduced braking force to ensure that the second object O2 drives against the first object O1 smoothly. In this context, it is also advantageous if the conveyor rollers 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L arranged in the region of the first object O1 are switched to freewheel mode after the first object O1 has been stopped. Hence, particularly gentle driving of the second object O2 against the first object O1 may be ensured.

[0164] Moreover, it is conceivable that a braking torque of a conveyor roller 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L arranged in the region of the first object O1 is measured and the second object O2 is stopped once the braking torque exceeds a first threshold value. Hence, a defined accumulation pressure within the object block may be set.

[0165] Moreover, it is conceivable that a braking torque of a conveyor roller 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L arranged in the region of the first object O1 is measured and the second object O2, after contact with the first object O1, is moved back and stopped if the braking torque drops below a second threshold value. Hence, it is also possible to set a defined accumulation pressure within the object block, in particular if the pressure between the first object O1 and the second object O2, for the moment, is too large after the second object O2 has been driven against the first object.

[0166] So as to compensate inevitable measuring tolerances in the determination of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 as well as inaccuracies in the calculation of the position of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2, the calculation of the speed reduction may also be based on virtual object edges.

[0167] For example, it is conceivable that the calculation of the speed reduction

[0168] a) is based on a virtual object rear edge G.sub.HO1 of the first object O1, which is located downstream of the physical object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1, and/or

[0169] b) is based on a virtual object front edge G.sub.VO2 of the second object O2, which is located upstream of the physical object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2.

[0170] The distance between the two objects O1, O2 assumed in the controller 5 is thus larger than the actual distance between the two objects O1, O2. In general, the calculation of the speed reduction may be based on a virtual length of an object O1, O2 which is smaller than the physical length of an object O1, O2. This results in that the actual stop position P.sub.Stop for the second object O2 is placed further inside the first object O1.

[0171] FIGS. 12 and 13 show an example in this regard, which is based on the case shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. For the second object O2, the controller 5 again calculates a continuous course of a speed reduction of a target speed v.sub.soll, wherein the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the virtual object front edge G.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 lies at the position of the virtual object rear edge G.sub.HO1 of the first stopped object O1. Hence, the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the second physical object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2, at which v.sub.soll=0 applies to the target speed, is now actually located between the physical object front edge K.sub.VO1 and the physical object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1. This means that although, in terms of control technology, there is a situation according to FIGS. 6 and 7, actually, a situation according to FIG. 13, which is comparable to the situation present in FIG. 9, is given. By means of the proposed measures, the second object O2 is, in turn, sopped in such a way that a distanceless and low-pressure accumulation of objects O1, O2 and/or a distanceless and low-pressure formation of object blocks is possible. By increasing the accumulation pressure within an object block compared to the case according to FIGS. 6 and 7, the suggested approach is particularly suitable for insensitive objects O1, O2.

[0172] However, it would also be conceivable that the calculation of the speed reduction

[0173] c) is based on a virtual object rear edge G.sub.HO1 of the first object O1, which is located upstream of the physical object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1, and/or

[0174] d) is based on a virtual object front edge G.sub.VO2 of the second object O2, which is located downstream of the physical object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2.

[0175] Thus, the distance between the two objects O1, O2 assumed in the controller 5 is then smaller than the actual distance between the two objects O1, O2. In general, the calculation of the speed reduction may be based on a virtual length of an object O1, O2 which is larger than the physical length of an object O1, O2. This results in that the actual stop position P.sub.Stop for the second object O2 is placed further outside the first object O1 (also cf. FIG. 82).

[0176] FIGS. 14 and 15 show an example in this regard, which is, in turn, based on the case shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. For the second object O2, the controller 5 again calculates a continuous course of a speed reduction of a target speed v.sub.soll, wherein the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the virtual object front edge G.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 lies at the position of the virtual object rear edge G.sub.HO1 of the first stopped object O1. Hence, the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the second physical object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2, at which v.sub.soll=0 applies to the target speed, is now actually located in front of the physical object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1. This means that although, in terms of control technology, there is a situation according to FIGS. 6 and 7, actually, a situation according to FIG. 15 is given. By the suggested measures, a lower-pressure accumulation of objects O1, O2 and/or a lower-pressure formation of object blocks is possible. Thus, the suggested approach is particularly suitable for sensitive objects O1, O2, such as for example for containers with fragile goods or for containers, which are easily deformable, such as flexible bags (polybags).

[0177] In the examples described in FIGS. 12 to 15 described, the first object O1 is stopped with its virtual object rear edge G.sub.HO1 and the second object O2 is stopped with its virtual object front edge G.sub.VO2 at an upstream zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of the first zone Z1. However, this is not an obligatory condition for the described method. It would also be conceivable that the first object O1 is still stopped with its physical object rear edge K.sub.HO1 and the second object O2 is stopped with its physical object front edge K.sub.VO2 at an upstream zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of the first zone Z1. In this case, the virtual object rear edge G.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and the virtual object front edge G.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 are taken as a basis merely for the calculation of the speed reduction of the second object O2.

[0178] For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that the different method variants described in FIGS. 5 to 15 do not preclude one another. For example, it would be conceivable that the conveying device 1 is differently operated at different times. For example, in a first operating mode, a method according to FIGS. 5 to 7 and, in a second operating mode, a method according to FIGS. 8 and 9 may be applied. In particular, it is also conceivable that different objects O1, O2 are virtually changed in different ways. For example, a first object O2 may remain unchanged in terms of control technology (i.e. not be virtually elongated or shortened), whereas a second object O2 may be virtually elongated in terms of control technology and a third object may be virtually shortened in terms of control technology. Advantageously, particularly sensitive objects O1, O2 are virtually elongated, particularly robust objects O1, O2 are virtually shortened, and normally sensitive objects O1, O2 remain unchanged in terms of control technology.

[0179] It is particularly advantageous if the distance between the virtual object rear edge G.sub.HO1 and the physical object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and/or the distance between the virtual object front edge G.sub.VO2 and the physical object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 corresponds to the inaccuracy in the position determination of the first object O1 and the second object O2 by the measuring device L1 plus a tolerance of ±10%. In cases a) and b) and/or in the case shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, hence, distanceless accumulation is ensured only just and at minimum pressure. A (physical) distance between objects O1, O2 due to measuring inaccuracies may thus be precluded. In cases c) and d) and/or in the case shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, in contrast, pressureless accumulation at a minimum distance is ensured by the suggested measures. In general, the calculation of the speed reduction may be based on a virtual length of an object O1, O2 whose difference from the physical length of this object O1, O2 corresponds to twice the inaccuracy in the position determination of the first object O1 and the second object O2 by the first measuring device plus a tolerance of ±10%. In cases a) and b), the virtual length is smaller than the physical length of an object O1, O2, in cases c) and d), in contrast, it is larger. Hence, in cases a) and b), a distanceless accumulation at minimum pressure and in cases c) and d), a pressureless accumulation at minimum distance may be ensured.

[0180] The inevitable measuring tolerances in the determination of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 as well as inaccuracies in the calculation of the position of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 and the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 do not only result in the already mentioned problems but also in that the actual position of an object O1, O2 when leaving the accumulation area SB is not precisely known. So as to be able to carry out a correction in terms of control technology, the second light barrier L2 arranged at the downstream end of the accumulation area SB is used. For this purpose, a current position of an object O1, O2 determined with aid of the rotation signals from the drives M of the conveyor rollers 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L is reset to the value of the second measuring position P.sub.Mess2 when the respective object O1, O2 is detected at the second measuring position P.sub.Mess2. Thus, the position of an object O1, O2 present in the controller 5 then again corresponds to the actual position of the respective object O1, O2. This measure is not limit to the second measuring position P.sub.Mess2, but multiple further measuring positions and/or measuring devices may be provided in the course of the conveying device 1 so as to more often align the position of an object O1, O2 present in the controller 5 with the actual position of the respective object O1, O2, and/or to prevent measurement-related errors from becoming too large.

[0181] At this point, it should also be noted that it is not obligatorily required for a measuring device L1, L2 to be provided at each measuring position P.sub.Mess1, P.sub.Mess2. Instead, a measuring device L1, L2 may optionally also detect multiple measuring positions P.sub.Mess1, P.sub.Mess2. This is possible particularly where the measuring device L1, L2 is designed as a camera or laser scanner.

[0182] In summary, the suggested method for accumulating objects O1, O2 in the accumulation area SB of the conveying device 1 in the form of object blocks comprises the following steps: [0183] detecting the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the first object O1 at the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 by means of the first measuring device L1, wherein the first object O1 is moved past the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 downstream in the conveying direction by the driven conveyor elements 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L, [0184] detecting the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2, which follows the first object O2 upstream, at the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 by means of the first measuring device L1, wherein the second object O2 is moved past the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 downstream in the conveying direction by the driven conveyor elements 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L, [0185] moving the first object O1 to the stop position P.sub.Stop, which is located downstream of the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 in the conveying direction, and stopping the first object O1 with its object rear edge K.sub.HO1 at its stop position P.sub.Stop with the aid of the conveyor elements 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L, [0186] calculating a continuous curve of a speed reduction of a target speed v.sub.Soll for the second object O2 by the controller 5, wherein the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 is located at the position of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1, or between the object front edge K.sub.VO1 and the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1, and [0187] moving and stopping the second object O2 with the aid of the conveyor elements 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L using the calculated speed reduction.

[0188] Below, some strategies for forming object blocks will be elucidated based on the already described conveying device 1. In this regard, the zones Za . . . Zg, in terms of their structure, correspond to the zones Z1 . . . Z7 disclosed in FIGS. 5 to 15 and may thus again be driven independently.

[0189] In a first example, the formation of an object block starting out from the upstream end of the accumulation area SB is elucidated.

[0190] For this purpose, FIG. 16 shows the conveying device 1 at a first point in time, at which there is no object in the accumulation area SB yet. At a further point in time shown in FIG. 17, an object Oa is moved through the measuring area MB. At a point in time shown in FIG. 18, the object Oa has stopped at the zone rear edge of zone Zg located upstream. Additionally, an object Ob is moved through the measuring area MB. At a point in time shown in FIG. 19, the object Ob has reached the object Oa. At this point in time, a first object O1 forms the object Oa and a second object O2 forms the object Ob. Moreover, at this point in time, the zone Zg forms a first zone Z1.

[0191] The two objects Oa/O1 and Ob/O2 now become part of an object block B, which is moved downstream in the conveying direction with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L at a common actual speed. The object block B is stopped with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L when it reaches the zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of the first zone Z1 with its block rear edge K.sub.HB. This state is depicted in FIG. 20. Additionally, at this point in time, an object Oc moves towards the object block B.

[0192] By way of example, the block length l.sub.B of the object block B is indicated in FIG. 20. The block length l.sub.B of the object block B corresponds to the sum of the lengths l.sub.a+l.sub.b of the objects Oa and Ob and is smaller than or equal to the length l.sub.Zg of the zone Zg/Z1 (also see FIG. 18).

[0193] At a point in time shown in FIG. 21, the object Oc has reached the object block B. Now, the object Ob forms a first object O1 and the object Oc forms a second object O2. At this point in time, the zone Zg, in turn, forms a first zone Z1.

[0194] The object Oc/O2 now also becomes part of the object block B, which is moved downstream in the conveying direction with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L at a common actual speed. The object block B is stopped with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L when it reaches the zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of the first zone Z1 with its block rear edge K.sub.HB. This state is depicted in FIG. 22.

[0195] At the point in time shown in FIG. 23, a further object Od has been added to the object block B in the already described manner. The described procedure may thus be recursively repeated for a desired number of objects Oa . . . Od, whereby object blocks B of any desired length may be created. At a point in time shown in FIG. 24, the object block B is lastly transported out of the accumulation area SB and is passed on to a following conveyor, which is not shown, at the exit A.

[0196] In a further example, a variant in the formation of an object block B starting out from the upstream end of the accumulation area B is elucidated. Here, again, an empty conveying device 1 is taken as the starting point (cf. FIG. 16).

[0197] At a point in time shown in FIG. 25, again, an object Oa is moved through the measuring area MB. This state corresponds to the state shown in FIG. 17. At a point in time shown in FIG. 26, the object Oa has reached the zone rear edge of zone Zg located upstream. However, in this example, the object Oa is not stopped, as in FIG. 18, but moved further.

[0198] At a point in time shown in FIG. 27, however, the object Ob has reached the zone rear edge of zone Zg located upstream and is stopped there. The object Oa is moved further downstream.

[0199] Lastly, the object Oa is stopped at the zone rear edge of the zone ZA located upstream. This state is depicted in FIG. 28. Additionally, at this point in time, an object Oc moves towards the object Ob.

[0200] At a point in time shown in FIG. 29, the object Oc has reached the object Ob. At this point in time, the object Ob, in turn, forms a first object O1 and the object Oc forms a second object O2. At this point in time, the zone Zg, in turn, forms a first zone Z1.

[0201] The two objects Ob/O1 and Oc/O2 now become part of an object block B, which is moved downstream in the conveying direction with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L at a common actual speed. The object block B is stopped with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L when it reaches the zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of the first zone Zg/Z1 with its block rear edge K.sub.HB. This state is depicted in FIG. 30.

[0202] At the point in time shown in FIG. 31, an object Od has been added to the object block B in the already described manner. At a point in time shown in FIG. 32, the object Oa is transported out of the accumulation area SB and is passed on to a following conveyor, which is not shown, at the exit A.

[0203] Here, the advantage of the suggested method may well be seen. By the isolation of the object Oa leading in the accumulation area SB from the rest of the objects Ob . . . Od located in the accumulation area SB, it may quickly be transported out of the accumulation area SB upon a corresponding request. This is as opposed to a solution in which the object Oa leading in the accumulation area SB is part of an object block B which has been formed in the upstream part of the accumulation area SB (cf. FIG. 23 in this regard).

[0204] In an advantageous variant of the suggested method, now, an object Ob following the (originally) leading object Oa is detached from the object block B and transported to the downstream end of the accumulation area SB after the object Oa has left the accumulation area SB. For this purpose, the following possibilities are conceivable:

[0205] For example, it can be awaited that a following object Oe allows for the isolation of the leading object Ob. This possibility is shown in FIGS. 33 to 39.

[0206] At a point in time shown in FIG. 33, the object Oe has reached the object Od. At this point in time, the object Od, in turn, forms a first object O1 and the object Oe forms a second object O2. At this point in time, the zone Zg, in turn, forms a first zone Z1.

[0207] The object Oe subsequently becomes part of the object block B, which is moved downstream in the conveying direction with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L at a common actual speed. However, the object block B is now stopped with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L not only when it reaches the zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of the first zone Z1 with its block rear edge K.sub.HB, but when the object Ob reaches the zone rear edge of the zone Ze marked with the arrow with its object rear edge. This state is depicted in FIG. 34. At this point, the object block B is divided by the object Ob being moved further while the objects Oc . . . Oe remain still. This state is depicted in FIG. 35.

[0208] At a point in time shown in FIG. 36, the object Ob has reached the zone rear edge of zone Zd, marked with an arrow, with its object rear edge. At this point in time, the object Ob and the object block B may be moved independently of one another. The object block B is thus set into motion at a point in time shown in FIG. 37 and advances to the zone rear edge of the zone Zg. At a point in time shown in FIG. 38, the object block B has reached the zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of the first zone Zg/Z1 and is stopped there. The object Ob, in contrast, moves further downstream. At a point in time shown in FIG. 39, the object Ob has reached the zone Za and is stopped there. Thus, upon a corresponding request, it can quickly be conveyed to the exit A of the accumulation area SB.

[0209] Another possibility of isolating the object Ob is shown in FIGS. 40 to 41, wherein FIG. 40 follows FIG. 32 in the course of the method. In this variant, the object block B, irrespective of whether an object Oe follows or not, is moved downstream until, in turn, the object Ob reaches the zone rear edge of the zone Ze marked with an arrow with its object rear edge. This state is depicted in FIG. 40. At this point, the object block B is divided by the object Ob being moved further while the objects Oc, Od, in contrast, remain still. This state is depicted in FIG. 41. The object Ob subsequently again advances into zone Za and is stopped there. Thus, upon a corresponding request, it can quickly be conveyed to the exit A of the accumulation area SB. However, the object block B stays at the position shown in FIG. 41 until a request is made for the object Oc to be isolated from the object block B.

[0210] The situation shown in FIG. 41 offers the advantage that the object Oc may quickly be isolated from the object block B, however, entails the disadvantage that no further object Oe may be added to the object block B, since the object block B begins not at the zone rear edge of zone Zg but at the zone front edge of zone Zf.

[0211] In order to allow for an enlargement of the object block B even after the object Ob is isolated, a further variant shown in FIGS. 42 to 43 provides that the objects Oc, Od are moved upstream after the separation from object Ob. This state is depicted in FIG. 42. Subsequently, the object block consisting of the objects Oc, Od is moved back to the zone rear edge of zone Zg and is stopped there. The object Ob, in contrast, is moved further downstream. This state is depicted in FIG. 43. The object Ob again advances into zone Za and is stopped there. Thus, upon a corresponding request, it can quickly be conveyed to the exit A of the accumulation area SB. However, the object block B is now situated with its block rear edge at the zone rear edge of zone Zg, so that a following object Oe can be added to the object block B.

[0212] In an example shown in FIGS. 44 to 55, a slightly different course of the method is visualized.

[0213] At a point in time shown in FIG. 44, again, an object Oa is moved through the measuring area MB (also cf. FIG. 17). Now however, the object Oa does not stop at the zone rear edge of zone Zg but advances into zone Za and is stopped at the zone rear edge of zone Za. This state is depicted in FIG. 45. Additionally, an object Ob is moved over the conveying device 1 at the point in time shown in FIG. 45.

[0214] At a point in time shown in FIG. 46, the object Ob was stopped with its object rear edge at the zone rear edge of zone Zb. Additionally, an object Oc is moved over the conveying device 1.

[0215] At a point in time shown in FIG. 46, the object Ob forms a first object O1, the object Oc forms a second object O2. Moreover, at this point in time, the zone Zb forms a first zone Z1, zone Zc forms a second zone Z2.

[0216] A check whether the group of the successive objects Ob/O1 and Oc/O2 fits into a zone Zb/Z1, Zc/Z2 or into a group of successive zones Zb/Z1, Zc/Z2, has a negative result as the total length of the objects Ob/O1 and Oc/O2 exceeds the total length of the zones Zb/Z1, Zc/Z2.

[0217] The second object Oc/O2 is therefore stopped with its object rear edge at the zone rear edge of the second zone Zc/Z2 of the accumulation area SB. This state is depicted in FIG. 47. Additionally, an object Od is moved over the conveying device 1 at that point in time.

[0218] At the point in time shown in FIG. 47, the object Oc forms a first object O1, the object Od forms a second object O2. Moreover, at this point in time, the zone Zc forms a first zone Z1, the zone Zd forms a second zone. A check whether a group of successive objects Ob . . . Od, including the first object Oc/O1 and the second object Od/O2, fits into a zone Zb, Zc or into a group of successive zones Zb, Zc, has a positive result as the total length of the objects Ob . . . Od is smaller than the total length of the zones Zb, Zc. Therefore, an object block B is subsequently formed from the objects Ob . . . Od of the group.

[0219] At a point in time shown in FIG. 48, the object Od has reached the object Oc. At this point in time, the object Oc still forms the first object O1, the object Od forms the second object O2. At this point in time, the zone Zc still forms the first zone Z1. The two objects Oc/O1 and Od/O2 now become part of an object block B, which is moved downstream in the conveying direction with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L at a common actual speed.

[0220] At a point in time shown in FIG. 49, the object block B meets the object Ob. Now, the object Ob forms a first object O1 and the object Oc forms a second object O2. Moreover, at this point in time, the zone Zb forms a first zone Z1. The object Ob now becomes part of the object block B, which is moved downstream in the conveying direction with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L at a common actual speed.

[0221] The object block B is stopped with the aid of the conveyor rollers 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L when it reaches the zone rear edge of the zone Zc following downstream with its block rear edge K.sub.HB. This state is depicted in FIG. 50. In this regard, the block rear edge K.sub.HB corresponds to the object rear edge of a third object O3, which is formed by the object Od.

[0222] The example shown in FIGS. 51 to 55 proceeds very similarly to the example shown in FIGS. 44 to 55. As opposed to this however, the objects Oa . . . Od follow at a short distance from each other at the entry E to the accumulation area SB. At the point in time shown in FIG. 51, the objects Oa . . . Od move synchronously in the region of zones Ze . . . Z.sub.M1. In contrast to the example shown in FIGS. 44 to 55, the check whether a group of successive objects Oa . . . Od fits into a zone Zb, Zc or into a group of successive zones Zb, Zc, is already possible at this point in time as all objects Oa . . . Od have already passed the light barrier L1.

[0223] At a point in time shown in FIG. 52, the objects Ob, Oc are stopped in the successive zones Zb, Zc. The objects Oa and Od, however, are moved further. At a point in time shown in FIG. 53, the object Od has reached the object Oc. Therefore, a formation of an object block B in the manner already described for FIG. 48 follows. The object Ob has temporarily stopped in zone Zb. At a point in time shown in FIG. 54, the object blocks B has reached the stopped object Ob. Therefore, an enlargement of the object block B in the manner already described for FIG. 49 follows. In FIG. 54, the object Oa has temporarily stopped in zone Za. At a point in time shown in FIG. 55, the object block B has stopped with its block rear edge at the zone rear edge of zone Zc. This state corresponds to the state shown in FIG. 50.

[0224] The example shown in FIGS. 56 to 61 proceeds very similarly to the example shown in FIGS. 51 to 55. As opposed to this, the object block B is now not formed starting from the upstream end but starting from the downstream end.

[0225] At the point in time shown in FIG. 56, the objects Oa . . . Od move synchronously in the region of zones Ze . . . Z.sub.M1 (also cf. FIG. 51). In contrast to the example shown in FIGS. 51 to 55, the object Ob already stops in zone Zc, while the remaining objects Oa, Oc and Od move further downstream (see the difference from the state shown in FIG. 52).

[0226] At a point in time shown in FIG. 58, the object Oc has reached the object Ob. Therefore, a formation of an object block B in the manner already described follows. The objects Oa and Od, however, are moved further downstream. At a point in time shown in FIG. 59, the object block B has stopped with its block rear edge at the zone rear edge of zone Zc. The objects Oa and Od, however, are moved further downstream. At a point in time shown in FIG. 60, the object Od has reached the stopped object Oc. Therefore, an enlargement of the object block B in the manner already described follows. In FIG. 60, the object Oa has temporarily stopped in zone Za. At a point in time shown in FIG. 61, the object block B has stopped with its block rear edge at the zone rear edge of zone Zc. This state corresponds to the state shown in FIG. 55.

[0227] FIGS. 62 to 70 show a further possible course of the method starting from the state shown in FIG. 50, 55 or 61.

[0228] At a point in time shown in FIG. 62, an object Oe has stopped at the zone rear edge of zone Zd. Due to a request to transport the object Oa out of the accumulation area SB, the object Oa is set into motion, as is shown in FIG. 63. Additionally, the object block B is set into motion in order to allow for an isolation of the object Ob from the object block B.

[0229] Subsequently, the object block B is moved downstream until the object Ob has reached the zone rear edge of zone Za marked with the arrow with its object rear edge. This state is depicted in FIG. 64. In general, the objects Ob . . . Od can now be stopped and remain still in such a way, until a request to transport the object Ob out of the accumulation area SB is received. Subsequently, the object Oc can be isolated from the object block B in the same manner, and so on. The indicated method may thus be carried out recursively any number of times.

[0230] However, it would also be conceivable that the objects Oc and Od are moved upstream, as is shown in FIG. 65. At a point in time shown in FIG. 66, the object block B consisting of the objects Oc, Od was stopped at the zone rear edge of zone Zc. Additionally, a following object Oe is moved towards the object block.

[0231] At a point in time shown in FIG. 67, the object Oe has reached the object block B. Subsequently, the object block B is enlarged in the manner already described. At a point in time shown in FIG. 68, the object block B has stopped with its block rear edge at the zone rear edge of zone Zc. This state is similar to the state shown in FIG. 50, 55 or 61.

[0232] It is now assumed that a request to transport all objects Ob . . . Oe to the exit A of the conveying device 1 as an object block B follows. Hence, the object block B is set into motion and reaches the object Ob at a point in time shown in FIG. 69. Subsequently, the object Ob is added to the object block B, which is now transported out of the accumulation area SB, as is shown in FIG. 70.

[0233] However, it is also conceivable that the object Ob is to be transported out of the accumulation area SB by itself. In this case, the objects Ob . . . Oe are again set into motion, wherein, however, the gap between the objects Ob and Oc is maintained, as is shown in FIG. 71. In this regard, the state shown in FIG. 71 follows the state shown in FIG. 68 in the course of the method. In FIG. 72, the object block B was subsequently stopped, such that the object rear edge of the object Oc comes to rest at the zone rear edge of zone Za.

[0234] In the course of the method described in FIGS. 73 to 82, the formation of multiple object blocks Ba, Bb as well as the combination of multiple blocks Ba, Bb is now described. In this regard, the state shown in FIG. 72 is taken as a starting point.

[0235] In the state shown in FIG. 73, multiple objects Of . . . Oi have stopped in zones Zc . . . Zf, each at their zone rear edge. The length lf . . . li determined with the aid of the light barrier L1 is now used for the check whether and/or which objects Of . . . Oi fit into a group of ones Zc . . . Zf. For this purpose, it is checked whether the total length lf+lg+lh+li of the objects Of . . . Oi is smaller than or equal to the total length l.sub.Zc+L.sub.Zd+l.sub.Ze of zones Zc . . . Ze. As this condition is fulfilled, an object block B is formed, which is positioned at the zone rear edge of zone Ze with its block rear edge and thus at a distance behind the object block Ba, as is shown in FIG. 75.

[0236] For the check whether and/or which objects Of . . . Oi fit into a group of zones Zc . . . Zf, the distances xf . . . xi determined with the aid of the light barrier L1 can also be used as an alternative. For this purpose, it is checked whether the sum of the distances xf+xg+xh+xi between the objects Of . . . Oi is greater than or equal to the length l.sub.Zf of a zone Zf (or also of multiple zones). Subsequently, an object block B can be formed again, which is positioned at the zone rear edge of zone Ze with its block rear edge and thus at a distance behind the object block Ba, as is shown in FIG. 75.

[0237] At a point in time shown in FIG. 76, a further object Oj moves towards the object block Bb. At a point in time shown in FIG. 77, the object Oj has reached the object block Bb and is added to the object block Bb in the manner already described.

[0238] A further check shows that all objects Oc . . . Oj can be accommodated inside zones Za . . . Ze (for this, cf. the check options specified for FIGS. 73 and 74). Accordingly, the object block Bb is moved toward the object block Ba, as is shown in FIG. 78. At a point in time shown in FIG. 79, the object block Bb has reached the object block Ba. The two object blocks Ba and Bb are thus combined into one object block Ba. In this regard, the object Oe corresponds to a first object O1, the object Of corresponds to a second object O2 and the object Oj corresponds to a third object O3. The first object O1 forms the end of the object block Ba, the second object O2 forms the start of the object block Bb, and the third object forms the end of the object block Bb.

[0239] At a point in time shown in FIG. 80, the entire object block Ba is set into motion and transported downstream. At a point in time shown in FIG. 81, the object block Ba has stopped with its block rear edge at the zone rear edge of zone Ze. In this regard, the block rear edge K.sub.HB corresponds to the object rear edge of the third object O3, which is formed by the object Oj.

[0240] Finally, FIG. 82 shows an example, in which the objects Oc . . . Oj have been enlarged virtually (also cf. FIGS. 14 and 15). Accordingly, a virtual object length lh for example for the object Oh is given. Correspondingly, physically existent object distances xj are given, although the virtually elongated objects Oc . . . Oj stand closely together in terms of control technology. For the object block Ba shown in FIG. 81, the situation shown in FIG. 82 is now given.

[0241] At this point, it should be noted that the objects Oc . . . Oj may also be virtually reduced in size (also cf. FIGS. 12 and 13), in order to increase the accumulation pressure within the object block Ba, or to ensure the contact between the objects Oc . . . Oj, also with respect to inevitable positioning errors. However, in this case, the situation is equal to the situation shown in FIG. 81.

[0242] In summary, the suggested method for accumulating objects Oa . . . Oj in the accumulation area SB of the conveying device 1 in the form of object blocks B, Ba, Bb comprises the following steps: [0243] detecting the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of a first object O1 at the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 by means of the first measuring device L1, wherein the first object O1 is moved past the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 downstream in the conveying direction by the driven conveyor elements 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L, [0244] detecting the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of a second object O2, which follows the first object O2 upstream, at the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 by means of the first measuring device L1, wherein the second object O2 is moved past the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 downstream in the conveying direction by the driven conveyor elements 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L, [0245] moving the first object O1 to a stop position P.sub.Stop, which is located downstream of the first measuring position P.sub.Mess1 in the conveying direction, and stopping the first object O1 with its object rear edge K.sub.HO1 at a zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of a first zone Z1 of the conveying device 1 in the accumulation area SB, [0246] moving the second object O2 downstream to the first object O1 with the aid of the conveying device 1, [0247] forming or enlarging an object block B, Ba, Bb with the first object O1 and the second object O2 after the second object O2 has been driven against the first object O1, or after the second object O2 has a predefinable distance to the first object O1 (cf. FIG. 82), and moving the object block B, Ba, Bb downstream in the conveying direction at a common actual speed with the aid of the conveying device 1, and [0248] stopping the object block B, Ba, Bb with the aid of the conveying device 1 when it reaches, with its block rear edge K.sub.HB, a zone rear edge K.sub.HZ1 of a zone Za . . . Zg following downstream or when it is positioned with its block rear edge .sub.HB at a distance downstream of one of said zone rear edges K.sub.HZ1, which corresponds to less than or equal to a desired distance xj to a following object Oa . . . Oj.

[0249] At this point, it should be noted that the courses of the method described in FIGS. 16 to 82 can be applied in combination with the courses of the method described in FIG. 1 to 15 or also solely. In other words, the two following steps and/or the measures suggested in claims 1 and 26 or advantageous yet optional: [0250] calculating a continuous curve of a speed reduction of a target speed v.sub.soll for the second object O2 by the controller 5, wherein the calculated stop position P.sub.Stop of the object front edge K.sub.VO2 of the second object O2 is located at the position of the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1, or between the object front edge K.sub.VO1 and the object rear edge K.sub.HO1 of the stopped first object O1, and [0251] moving and stopping the second object O2 with the aid of the conveyor elements 2, 2.sub.M, 2.sub.L using the calculated speed reduction.

[0252] It should finally be noted that the scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and the drawings are to be adduced for construing the claims. Individual features or feature combinations from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described may represent independent inventive solutions. The object underlying the independent inventive solutions may be gathered from the description.

[0253] In particular, it should also be noted that the devices shown may in reality comprise more or fewer components than those shown. In some cases, the shown devices and/or their components may not be depicted to scale and/or be enlarged and/or reduced in size.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

[0254] 1 Conveying device [0255] 2 Conveyor element (conveyor roller) [0256] 2.sub.M Motorized conveyor element (conveyor roller) [0257] 2.sub.L Non-motorized conveyor element (conveyor roller) [0258] 3 Longitudinal beam [0259] 4 Alignment element (alignment roller) [0260] 5 Controller [0261] 6 Belt/conveyor belt [0262] M Drive [0263] E Entry [0264] A Exit [0265] AB Alignment area [0266] MB Measuring area [0267] SB Accumulation area [0268] RB Dissolving area [0269] Z1 . . . Z7, Za . . . Zg Zone (in the accumulation area) [0270] Z.sub.M1, Z.sub.M2 Zone (in the measuring area) [0271] O, O1 . . . O3, Oa . . . Oj Object [0272] B, Ba, Bb Object block [0273] L1, L2 Measuring device (light barrier) [0274] P.sub.Mess1, P.sub.Mess2 Measuring position [0275] P.sub.Stop Stop position [0276] v.sub.soll Target speed [0277] v.sub.O1 Speed at object rear edge [0278] K.sub.VO, K.sub.VO1, K.sub.VO2 (physical) object front edge [0279] K.sub.HO, K.sub.HO1, K.sub.HO2 (physical) object rear edge [0280] G.sub.VO, G.sub.VO1, G.sub.VO2 (virtual) object front edge [0281] G.sub.HO, G.sub.HO1, G.sub.HO2 (virtual) object rear edge [0282] K.sub.HZ1 Zone rear edge [0283] K.sub.HB Block rear edge [0284] x.sub.f . . . x.sub.i Object distance [0285] l.sub.B Block length [0286] l.sub.f . . . l.sub.i Object length [0287] l.sub.Zf . . . l.sub.Zg Zone length