EMULSION COMPOSITION, POLYSTYRENE NANO-FIBER, POLYSTYRENE NANO-FIBER PRODUCT, PREPARATION METHOD, AND USE THEREOF

Abstract

An emulsion composition, a polystyrene nano-fiber, a polystyrene nano-fiber product and a preparation method and use thereof, wherein the emulsion composition comprises a dispersed phase and a continuous phase, the dispersed phase contains a soluble salt and a first solvent, the continuous phase contains polystyrene, a second solvent and sulfonated polystyrene being syndiotactic polystyrene and/or isotatic polystyrene; the preparation of the emulsion composition: under heating and stirring, dropwise adding the dispersed phase into the continuous phase; the preparation of the polystyrene nano-fiber or polystyrene nano-fiber product: crystallize the above emulsion composition; the polystyrene nano-fiber prepared by the above emulsion composition has a pore structure, and the prepared product has a stable and controllable three-dimensional structure and multi-level and/or intercommunicated pore structure, and also has a high preparation efficiency, therefore the above polystyrene nano-fiber or product has excellent application prospects in absorption, adsorption, oil-water separation, and construction of special wettability surfaces.

Claims

1. An emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fiber, comprising a dispersed phase and a continuous phase, wherein the dispersed phase contains a soluble salt and a first solvent, the continuous phase contains polystyrene, a second solvent and sulfonated polystyrene, and the polystyrene is selected from syndiotactic polystyrene, isotatic polystyrene, and combinations thereof.

2. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1, wherein the emulsion composition is prepared by mixing the dispersed phase and the continuous phase, wherein a feeding volume of the dispersed phase is greater than a feeding volume of the continuous phase.

3. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 2, wherein the emulsion composition is prepared by mixing the dispersed phase and the continuous phase, wherein the feeding volume of the dispersed phase is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the feeding volume of the continuous phase.

4. (canceled)

5. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 2, wherein the dispersed phase and the continuous phase are mixed at 100-140° C.

6. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1, wherein the first solvent is a polar solvent, and the second solvent is a non-polar solvent.

7. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 6, wherein the first solvent is selected from water, glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and combinations thereof, and the second solvent is 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene.

8. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1, wherein a feeding mass ratio of the soluble salt to the first solvent is 0.004-0.080:1.

9. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1, wherein the soluble salt is selected from sodium chloride, potassium chloride, barium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and combinations thereof.

10. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1, wherein a sulfonation degree of the sulfonated polystyrene is 0.5-3.5 mol %.

11. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1, wherein a feeding mass ratio of the sulfonated polystyrene, the polystyrene and the second solvent is 0.005-0.025:0.03-0.08:1.

12. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1, wherein in percent by mass, in the emulsion composition, the soluble salt accounts for 0.1-6%, the first solvent accounts for 60-85%, the polystyrene accounts for 0.5-10%, the second solvent accounts for 14-30%, and the sulfonated polystyrene accounts for 0.05-3%.

13. The emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1, wherein average molecular weight of the polystyrene is 10,000-2,000,000.

14. (canceled)

15. (canceled)

16. A polystyrene nano-fiber or polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by the emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1.

17. The polystyrene nano-fiber product according to claim 16, wherein the product has a multi-level and/or intercommunicated pore structure.

18. The polystyrene nano-fiber product according to claim 17, wherein the multi-level pore structure comprises a first pore, a second pore, and a third pore; wherein, the first pore has a pore diameter of 0.1-5 nm; the second pore has a pore diameter of 6-800 nm; the third pore has a pore diameter of 0.1-200 μm.

19. The polystyrene nano-fiber product according to claim 18, wherein the second pore has a pore diameter greater than that of the first pore and smaller than that of the third pore.

20. A preparation method of the polystyrene nano-fiber product, wherein the preparation method comprises the following step: adding the emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers according to claim 1 into a mold to crystallize.

21. The preparation method of the polystyrene nano-fiber product according to claim 20, wherein the preparation method further comprises: under heating and stirring, dropwise adding the dispersed phase into the continuous phase to prepare the emulsion composition for preparing polystyrene nano-fibers; and then adding the obtained emulsion composition into a mold within a setting time, standing and crystallizing, separating, washing, freeze-drying to give the polystyrene nano-fiber product.

22. The preparation method of the polystyrene nano-fiber product according to claim 21, wherein the setting time is greater than 0 and smaller than or equal to 10 min.

23. The preparation method of the polystyrene nano-fiber product according to claim 20, wherein the crystallization time is greater than 1 h, and wherein a crystallization temperature is 5-90° C.

24. (canceled)

25. (canceled)

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] FIG. 1 shows four exemplary three-dimensional structures of a polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG. 2 shows scanning electron micrographs of the polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, corresponding to different magnification times from left to right, respectively;

[0044] FIG. 3 shows a nitrogen adsorption performance chart of polystyrene nano-fiber products prepared by Embodiments 1-3 of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG. 4 shows a density detection and hydrophobicity detection chart of the polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG. 5 shows a purification performance chart of the polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, 3A molecular sieve and activated carbon on polluted air contained 16 ppm dichloroethane;

[0047] FIG. 6 shows an absorption performance chart of polystyrene nano-fiber products prepared by Embodiments 1-3 of the present disclosure on organic solvents.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

[0048] In the following, the present disclosure is further explained in detail combining with specific embodiments; it should be understood that these embodiments are used for explaining the basic principle, major characteristic and advantages of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited to the scope of the following embodiments; the implementation conditions adopted in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to different requirements of specific use, and the unspecified implementation conditions are generally the conditions in normal experiment. In the following description, all raw material are commercially purchased or prepared according to conventional methods in the art, unless particularly stated.

[0049] In the following, the sulfonation degree of the sulfonated polystyrene is 1.8 mol %; syndiotactic polystyrene and isotatic polystyrene were purchased from Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., Japan, with a molecular weight of approximately 300,000.

Embodiments 1-3

[0050] The present Embodiments 1-3 provide a preparation method of a polystyrene nano-fiber product and the prepared polystyrene nano-fiber product, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0051] (a) at 120±5° C. and under stirring (rotate speed: 400 rmp), a dispersed phase was dropwise added into a continuous phase to prepare a homogeneous emulsion composition; wherein the dispersed phase was prepared by dispersing sodium chloride in glycerol and mixing, and the continuous phase was prepared by adding sulfonated polystyrene and syndiotactic polystyrene into 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and mixing;

[0052] (b) the emulsion composition prepared in Step (a) was directly added into a mold, and stood and crystallized for 10 h at room temperature, and the crystal substance was taken out, replaced by ethanol and water successively for three times, and freeze-dried to prepare the polystyrene nano-fiber product.

[0053] See Table 1 below for the raw materials used in the above embodiments and amounts thereof.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Continuous phase (mass percent, %) 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 22.12 22.05 21.98 Syndiotactic polystyrene 0.91 1.21 1.51 Sulfonated polystyrene 0.30 0.30 0.30 Total amount 23.33 23.57 23.80 Dispersed phase (mass percent, %) Glycerol 76.06 75.83 75.6 Sodium chloride 0.61 0.61 0.60 Total amount 76.67 76.43 76.20 Volume percent of the 80 80 80 dispersed phase in the emulsion composition (%)

[0054] The polystyrene nano-fiber products prepared by Embodiments 1-3 corresponds to Sample 1, Sample 2 and Sample 3, respectively.

[0055] Wherein, FIG. 1 shows four exemplary three-dimensional morphological structures of the polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 shows that the polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by the present disclosure can form the required stable and controllable macroscopic three-dimensional structure;

[0056] FIG. 2 shows scanning electron micrographs of the polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by Embodiment 1, corresponding to different magnification times from left to right, respectively. It can be seen from the left graph with lower magnification that the polystyrene nano-fiber product has a plurality of pores due to the present of solvents, and from the middle graph that pores formed between the fiber clusters due to uneven stress during the crystallization process in the solvent, and from the right graph that pore structure formed between the fibers.

[0057] FIG. 3 shows a nitrogen adsorption performance chart of polystyrene nano-fiber products prepared by Embodiments 1-3. It can be analyzed from the figure that the polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by the method of the present disclosure has a high specific surface area, and it also proves that the polystyrene nano-fiber has a microporous structure, and the pore size of the microporous structure is substantially below 2 nm;

[0058] FIG. 4 shows a density detection and hydrophobicity detection chart of the polystyrene nano-fiber product prepared by Embodiment 1. It can be seen from the figure that its density is very low, the overall appearance is ultra-light quality, and the hydrophobic performance is super-hydrophobic level, up to 156°.

Embodiments 4-6

[0059] The present Embodiments 4-6 provide a preparation method of a polystyrene nano-fiber product and the prepared polystyrene nano-fiber product, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0060] (a) at 120±5° C. and under stirring (rotate speed: 400 rmp), a dispersed phase was dropwise added into a continuous phase to prepare a homogeneous emulsion composition; wherein the dispersed phase was prepared by dispersing sodium sulfate in ethylene glycol and mixing, and the continuous phase was prepared by adding sulfonated polystyrene and isotatic polystyrene into 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and mixing;

[0061] (b) the emulsion composition prepared in Step (a) was directly added into a mold, and stood and crystallized for 10 h at room temperature, and the crystal substance was taken out, replaced by ethanol and water successively for three times, and freeze-dried to prepare the polystyrene nano-fiber product.

[0062] See Table 2 below for the raw materials used in the above embodiments and amounts thereof.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Embodiment 4 Embodiment 5 Embodiment 6 Continuous phase (mass percent, %) 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 22.12 22.05 21.98 Isotactic polystyrene 0.91 1.21 1.51 Sulfonated polystyrene 0.30 0.30 0.30 Total amount 23.33 23.57 23.80 Dispersed phase (mass percent, %) Ethylene glycol 72.06 71.82 71.55 Sodium sulfate 4.61 4.62 4.65 Total amount 76.67 76.44 76.20 Volume percent of the 75 75 75 dispersed phase in the emulsion composition (%)

Application Embodiment 1

Adsorption of Toxic and Volatile Gases

[0063] The purification ability of Sample 1 prepared in Embodiment 1, 3A molecular sieve and activated carbon with the same quality on polluted air containing 16 ppm dichloroethane was compared, and the adsorption capacity was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, and it was found that the adsorption capacity of Sample 1 was higher than molecular sieve and activated carbon respectively, and can substantially achieve desorption at a lower temperature, which is beneficial to save energy, see FIG. 5 for details, which shows the multi-level pore structure and large specific surface area of the polystyrene nano-fiber products of the present disclosure greatly improve the adsorption capacity and desorption rate.

Application Embodiment 2

Absorption of Organic Liquid

[0064] The polystyrene nano-fiber products corresponding to Samples 1-3 prepared in Embodiments 1-3 were immersed in different organic solvents and oils, and the oil absorption of the samples was obtained by weighing, and it was found that the oil absorption of some organic solvents of the polystyrene nano-fiber products can reach 50 times their own weight, see FIG. 6 for details, which shows that the polystyrene nano-fiber products of the present disclosure have a higher absorption capacity for a variety of organic solvents.

Application Embodiment 3

Oil-Water Separation

[0065] From the foregoing, it can be seen that the polystyrene nano-fibers and their polystyrene nanofiber products of the present disclosure have super-hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, which can allow oily liquids to pass through well, while blocking the passage of water, such that they can be used for oil-water separation.

Application Embodiment 4

Gas Filtration

[0066] It can be seen from the foregoing that the internal structure of the polystyrene nano-fiber product of the present disclosure is multi-level and intercommunicated, which can greatly accelerate the transmission of substances. At the same time, the spacing and pores between the fibers are only nano-level, which can well trap larger-sized solid particles, so it can be used for PM2.5 and PM10 filtration.

[0067] The embodiments described above are only for illustrating the technical concepts and features of the present disclosure, and are intended to make those skilled in the art being able to understand the present disclosure and thereby implement it, and should not be concluded to limit the protective scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent variations or modifications according to the spirit of the present disclosure should be covered by the protective scope of the present disclosure.