Abstract
A chipping machine includes a debarking assembly, a chipper assembly, and a log advance system to conveys logs through the chipping machine and into contact with the debarking assembly and chipper assembly. A rotating chipper disk cuts chips from the log. A housing encloses the chipper disc and includes a spout that provides an exit path for chips out of the housing. The chipper assembly includes a first path for collecting bark and directing bark out of the machine. A second path that is separate from the first path collects trash and directs the collected trash to first path and out of the machine. An inlet of the second path is an opening formed in a base of the housing. The second path includes a chute onto which trash falls and then slides under the force of gravity to the first path.
Claims
1. A housing assembly adapted for use on a chipping machine having a base for surrounding a lower portion of a rotating chipper disk with a chipper disk upper portion, a chipper disk lower portion, at least one chipper knife assembly, and a centerline, said housing assembly further comprising: a hood having: a stationary portion configured for removable attachment to the base to form a housing for substantially enclosing the chipper disk; an access opening formed in the stationary portion for providing access to an inside of the housing; an access door covering the access opening and adapted to be moved between an open position where the access door is uncovered and a closed position where the access door is covered; and a parting line disposed at a junction of the base with the hood, wherein the hood and the access door are adapted to substantially surround the chipper disk upper portion while the base substantially surrounds the chipper disk lower portion; and wherein the stationary portion comprises a first side, a second side opposite and spaced apart from said first side, and a third side connecting the first side and the second side, and wherein the stationary portion is sized such that the parting line is disposed vertically higher than the centerline of the rotating chipper disk.
2. The housing assembly of claim 1 further comprising said base and a chute having an inlet formed in the base of the housing assembly on an upstream side of the chipper disk and an outlet, wherein the inlet is sized and configured to collect trash within the housing assembly and the chute is configured to automatically carry the trash out of the housing assembly under a force of gravity.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) The presently preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like parts throughout, and in which:
(2) FIG. 1 is a side elevation view, partially in section, of a conventional combination debarking and chipping machine;
(3) FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional chipper disc;
(4) FIG. 3 depicts a log being chipped using the chipper disc of FIG. 2;
(5) FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of a chipping machine that includes a chipper disc and a conventional “clamshell” housing;
(6) FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a hood for a conventional chipper housing;
(7) FIG. 6 is a side elevation view, partially in section, of a combination debarking and disc-type chipping machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, where certain components are removed for viewing clarity;
(8) FIG. 7 is a front perspective view illustrating the chipping machine of FIG. 6;
(9) FIG. 8 is a rear perspective view illustrating the chipping machine of FIG. 6 in use to process a log;
(10) FIG. 9 is a rear perspective view of a portion of the chipping machine shown in FIG. 8 with a portion of a housing removed to illustrate an internal chipper disc and a spout;
(11) FIG. 10A is a side elevation view showing a base of the chipping machine of FIG. 6 and a chipping disc mounted to the base;
(12) FIG. 10B is a sectional view of the base and chipping disc shown along line “A-A” and also depicting a log being processed by the chipping disc;
(13) FIG. 11 is a side elevation view depicting a base of a housing mounted to a top surface of a frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
(14) FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the chipper disc of FIG. 9 with a single wear plate removed; and
(15) FIG. 13 is an elevation view depicting three wear plate sections mounted to a discharge side of a chipper disc via paddles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
(16) This description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is intended to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered part of the entire written description of this invention. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, and certain features of the invention may be shown exaggerated in scale or in somewhat schematic form in the interest of clarity and conciseness.
(17) Cover with Access Door
(18) With reference now to FIG. 6, a portion of a disc-type chipping machine 100 for chipping logs according to an embodiment of the present invention and where certain components are removed for viewing clarity is illustrated. With further reference to FIGS. 7-9, chipping machine 100 includes a chipper assembly 103 for chipping logs 111 that includes a housing 102 for covering rotating chipper disk 130. Chipper disk 130 is substantially similar to chipper disk 32 and, thus, comprises at least one or more knife assemblies 148 and has a diameter that is essentially identical to diameter D of chipper disk 32. With further reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B, chipper disk 130 rotates about chipper disk axis 118 (shown in FIGS. 8 and 9) in a plane of rotation that is defined by its front face 144, as log 111 is advanced towards the front face of the chipper disk at an acute angle Φ to the long axis F (shown in FIG. 8) of the frame 106 of chipping machine 100 in order to cut chips from log 111 that is presented to the chipper disk in a processing direction P that is parallel to the long axis F of the frame (as shown in FIG. 8).
(19) Housing 102 includes a base 104 that is preferably mounted to the frame 106 of the chipping machine 100 and a hood 108 that is removably mounted to the base. Preferably, hood 108 comprises first side 108A (FIG. 7), second side 108B (FIG. 8) opposite and spaced apart from the first side, and third side 108C (FIG. 8) disposed between the first side and the second side. The first side 108A of the hood 108 is preferably substantially parallel to second side 108B of the hood, and third side 108C of the hood is arcuate and is connected between the first and second sides. Hood 108 is preferably removably attached to the base 104, such as by a bolt connection. Thus, in combination, sides 108A-108C form hood 108 and are adapted to substantially surround an upper portion of the chipper disk 132. The base 104, which is detailed more below, surrounds a bottom portion of the chipper disk 132.
(20) With reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, in preferred embodiments, housing 102 further includes one or more access doors 126, which are preferably pivotally connected to the hood 108, such as by hinges, and are positioned along one of the sides 108A, 108B of the hood. In the illustrated embodiment, only a single access door 126 is utilized. Access doors 126 are preferably adapted to move about a vertical axis 160 between an open position, where an opening (not shown) in one of the sides 108A, 108B of the hood 108 is uncovered for providing access to the inside of the housing 102, and a closed position, where the opening in the side of the hood is covered by the access door. Preferably, each access door 126 is provided with a locking mechanism 162 for securing the door in the closed position. The access doors 126 are sized and configured to allow a user located outside of the housing 108 along one of the sides 108A, 108B to remove knife assemblies 148 from the chipper disc 130 and to then extract the removed knife assembly from the housing via the open access door and then replaced with a new knife assembly. This exchange process occurs frequently (e.g., daily) and enabling the process to occur without removing the hood 108 from the base 104 will significantly speed up the process. Additionally, the knife assembly exchange process is much safer since the housing is not opened.
(21) Use of the machine 100 may result in chips contacting the hood 108 at high velocities, which can wear away the surface of the hood. As such, in preferred embodiments, the hood 108, itself, is formed as a single, easily replaceable wear (i.e., sacrificial) component (with a separate access door 126 attached to the hood) that is mounted to base 104, such as by a bolt connection, and that may be removed as a unit by unbolting and lifting it away from the base.
(22) Base with Increased Spout Angle
(23) Referring again to FIG. 8 and with further reference to FIG. 11, base 104 abuts and is preferably removably connected to the hood 108 along parting line 110. In certain embodiments, parting line 110 defines a hood mounting plane 112 that is substantially parallel to and spaced vertically above processing plane 114 that is defined by chipper disk axis 118 and is substantially parallel to the operating surface on which chipping machine 100 is placed. Processing plane 114 passes through a centerline 116 of the chipper disc, which centerline is located between a bottom and a top of the chipping disc, and is coincident with chipper disk axis 118. However, as shown in FIG. 11, the parting line 110 does not always extend parallel with the hood mounting plane 112 along its entire length. Instead, in certain preferred embodiments, the hood mounting plane 112 is positioned at least a distance L1 from a top surface 122 of the frame 106 along its entire length, where L1 represents the minimum distance separating the top surface of the frame from the parting line 110. Additionally, L1 is preferably equal to or, more preferably, greater than distance L2, which is the maximum distance separating the top surface 122 of the frame 106 from the processing plane 114. As such, parting line 110 is at least as far away from the top surface of the frame 106 as the processing plane 114 along its entire length. However, more preferably, parting line 110 is further away from the top surface 122 of the frame 106 than the processing plane 114 along its entire length.
(24) A spout 120 is joined to and extends upwardly away from base 104 at a high chip exit angle Θ. In this particular embodiment, exit angle Θ is measured from the top surface 122 of the frame 106 to which the base 104 is mounted and straight portion 128B of bolt-in belly band 128, which will be detailed further below. Preferably, the high chip exit angle Θ is within the range of 20° and 45°. In certain preferred embodiments, the high chip exit angle Θ is approximately 35°. Placing parting line 110 and hood mounting plane 112 vertically above chipper disk axis 118 and processing plane 114, as described above, increases the relative height of the base 104 and decreases the relative height of the hood 106 of housing 102 when compared to the relative heights of the base 36 and hood 37 of conventional housing 35 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Preferably, hood mounting plane 112 is placed at least about 2.5% of the diameter D of chipper disk 130 above processing plane 114. In certain preferred embodiments, hood mounting plane 112 is placed approximately 5% to 10% of the diameter D of chipper disk 130 above processing plane 114. Increasing the height of the base 104 enables the size of the inlet of the spout 120 (i.e., the inlet is joined to the base 104 of the housing 102 to enable chips to pass from the housing into the spout) to be increased and also the exit angle Θ of the spout to be increased. In preferred embodiments, exit angle Θ is between 35 degrees and 75 degrees. By raising exit angle Θ and increasing the inlet size of the spout 120, chips are more likely to enter the spout and exit the machine 100 without traveling around the housing 102 (i.e., travel into the hood 108 before exiting the spout). This reduces wear on the hood 108, minimizes the production of unwanted pins and fines, and also reduces heat generated from the friction of chips passing through the hood.
(25) Wear Components
(26) As mentioned previously, use of the machine 100 may result in chips contacting and damaging (i.e., wearing away) various portions of the machine. More particularly, chips typically fly at high velocities into contact with an inner surface of the housing 130, including the base 104 or hood 108, which can wear away those surfaces and require them to be replaced. Conventionally, these worn components were cut out and then new components were welded in their place. The presently-disclosed machine 100 provides for a simpler method for maintaining the machine and replacing wear components. As discussed below, the present disclosure provides wear components that are adapted for use on a chipping machine that each preferably include a mounting component for removably mounting the wear component to a mounting surface inside of the housing a sacrificial chip contact surface that is sized and configured to be contacted by chips traveling within the housing at a high speed, to reduce the speed of the chips that contact the contact surface, and to be worn away by such contact with said chips. Advantageously, these wear components can be easily removed and repaired or replaced with new components once they become worn.
(27) First, with reference to FIGS. 8, 9 and 11, removable and sacrificial belly band 128 may be used in place of the conventional welded-in belly band 55 shown in FIG. 1. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 8, base 104 comprises first side 104A, second side 104B opposite and spaced apart from the first side, and belly band 128 is disposed between the first side and the second side. The first side 104A of the base 104 is preferably substantially parallel to second side 104B of the base. The belly band 128 is removably connected between the first and second sides 104A, 104B, such as by a bolt connection. Thus, in combination, the sides 104A, 104B and the belly band 128 that form the base 104 are adapted to substantially surround a lower portion of the chipper disk 132.
(28) The belly band 128 preferably includes a curved portion 128A that is placed below chipping disk 130 and a straight portion 128B that extends towards and preferably forms a bottom of spout exit 132. A plurality of bolts 134 (shown in FIG. 9) mount belly band 128 to base 104. Preferably, bolts 134 may be removed from housing 102 without accessing the interior of the housing (i.e., bolts are inserted into an externally accessible portion of the housing). Belly band 128 is an easily replaceable wear component that is configured to be unbolted and removed from the housing 102 without removing chipping disk 130. In the illustrated embodiment, curved portion 128B has a circular shape with a diameter that is slightly larger than the diameter of the chipping disk 130. The curvature of curved portion 128A, the length of straight portion 128B, and the size of spout exit 132 are preferably configured to allow belly band 128 to be unbolted from housing 102 and then for the belly band to be removed from housing by rolling or sliding the belly band around the bottom of the chipping disk and out via the spout exit. As such, when belly band 128 becomes worn, it may be easily replaced without opening the housing 102 simply through unbolting and without requiring any cutting or welding.
(29) Second, referring again to FIGS. 9-10B and with further reference to FIGS. 12 and 13, chipping machine 100 is also provided with a wear plate that is formed by one or more rotating wear plate sections 136 that are removably mounted to chipping disk 130. Wear plate sections 136 are each preferably removably mounted to one end of paddles 138, where the paddles each have another end that is attached to a discharge or rear face 140 of the chipper disk 130. In certain embodiments, fasteners 135 are inserted through each of the wear plate sections 136 and are secured in threaded openings formed in plates 137 that are placed under a lip 138A of the paddles 138. The lip 138A preferably extends laterally outwards from the outermost end of the paddle 138 and is parallel with the rear face 140 of the chipper disk 130. In certain embodiments, a first end of each wear component section 136 is bolted to a first paddle 138, a second end of each wear component section is bolted to a second paddle, and at least one third paddle is located between the first and second paddles such that at least two separate covered sections 164 are formed between the rear face 140 of the chipping disc 130 and the wear component section, where a paddle separates each adjacent covered section. In other embodiments, ends of each adjacent pair of wear component sections 136 are bolted to each paddle, as shown in FIG. 10A, such that a single covered section 164 is formed between the rear face 140 of the chipping disc 130 and each wear component section.
(30) Wear plate sections 136 and paddles 138 rotate together with the chipper disk 132. When the chipping machine 100 is in operation, a log 111 is advanced towards a front face 144 of chipping disk 130 and comes into contact with knife assemblies 146, which creates chips from the log. These chips are forcefully thrown towards a back wall 148 of chipper disk housing 102, including towards wear section 150, which would be worn away by the chips, as discussed above, in the absence of wear plate sections 136. However, due to the presence of the wear plate sections 136, chips are prevented from contacting and wearing the housing 102. Additionally, because the wear plate sections 136 are rotating, the amount of wear caused by chips on the wear plates is reduced when compared to the amount of wear that would be caused to a stationary wear plate or the stationary housing 102.
(31) Trash Chute
(32) With reference again to FIG. 6, in addition to the first path for expelling trash from the machine 100 provided by the bark removal discharge 30, the machine is preferably provided with a second path that is further downstream for also expelling trash from the machine. This second path includes a trash chute 152 that is located at the bottom of the housing 102 on the upstream side of the chipper assembly 103 (i.e., prior to the chipper disc). This chute allows unchippable materials 154, trash, tramp metal, etc. to fall into a bark removal conveyor 156, which is structurally similar to bark removal discharge 30 shown in FIG. 6, for removal from the machine. In certain preferred embodiments, these materials 154 are carried down the chute 152 to the conveyor 156 by the force of gravity alone. By opening the bottom of the housing 102 and allowing this type of refuse to be carried out via the bark removal conveyor 154, the danger of flying debris is eliminated. Additionally, advantageously, this refuse material is consolidated with the other refuse (i.e., bark) that falls onto the bark removal conveyor 156 from bark removal discharge 30 (shown in FIG. 1).
(33) Although this description contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention but as merely providing illustrations of some of the presently preferred embodiments thereof, as well as the best mode contemplated by the inventors of carrying out the invention. The invention, as described herein, is susceptible to various modifications and adaptations, and the same are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the appended claims.
