Liquid-crystalline medium

Abstract

Liquid-crystalline media containing one or more compounds of formula T ##STR00001##
and one or more compounds of formulae I, II and/or III, ##STR00002##
high-frequency components containing these media, especially microwave components for high-frequency devices, such as devices for shifting the phase of microwaves, tunable filters, tunable metamaterial structures, and electronic beam steering antennas, e.g., phased array antennas.

Claims

1. A liquid-crystal medium, comprising one or more compounds of formula T in a total amount of 5 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the liquid-crystal medium ##STR00364## in which R.sup.T denotes halogen, CN, NCS, R.sup.F, R.sup.F—O— or R.sup.F—S—, R.sup.F denotes fluorinated alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 12 C atoms, ##STR00365## on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00366## L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 identically or differently, denote F, Cl or methyl, and t is 0, 1 or 2; and one or more compounds of formula III-1b in a total amount of 10% to 20% by weight based on the weight of the liquid-crystal medium, ##STR00367## in which R.sup.3 denotes C.sub.nH.sub.2n+1, n denotes an integer in the range from 0 to 15, and one or more compounds of formula I in a total amount of 30% or more by weight based on the weight of the liquid-crystal medium, ##STR00368## in which R.sup.1 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups are optionally replaced by ##STR00369## m is 0, 1 or 2, ##STR00370## on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00371## ##STR00372## denotes ##STR00373## and one or more compounds of formula II, ##STR00374## in which R.sup.2 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups are optionally replaced by ##STR00375## Z.sup.21 denotes trans-CF═CF— or —C≡C—, and ##STR00376## independently of one another, denote ##STR00377## R.sup.L on each occurrence identically or differently, denotes H or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms; wherein the liquid-crystal medium has a clearing temperature of 140° C. or more.

2. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the one or more compounds of formula T are represented by one or more compounds of formula T-1 ##STR00378## n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, and ##STR00379## are as defined for the compound of formula T.

3. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 2, wherein the one or more compounds of formula T are represented by one or more compounds of formula T-1 in which n is 1.

4. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the one or more compounds of formula I are represented by one or more compounds of formulae I-1 to I-5 ##STR00380## in which L.sup.1, L.sup.2 and L.sup.3 on each occurrence, identically or differently, denote H or F, and R.sup.1, ##STR00381## have the meanings given in formula I.

5. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the one or more compounds of formula II are represented by one or more compounds of formulae II-1 or II-3 ##STR00382## in which R.sup.2, ##STR00383## have the meanings given in formula II.

6. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 5, wherein the one or more compounds of formula II are represented by one or more compounds of formula II-1, and wherein the one or more compounds of formula II-1 are present in the liquid-crystal medium in a total concentration of 25% or less.

7. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, which further comprises one or more compounds of formulae III-1 to III-6, in addition to the one or more compounds of formula III-1b, ##STR00384## in which R.sup.3 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups are optionally replaced by ##STR00385## ##STR00386## independently of one another, denote ##STR00387## ##STR00388## denotes ##STR00389## Z.sup.31 and Z.sup.32 independently of one another, denote trans-CH═CH— or trans-CF═CF—, and in formula III-6 alternatively one of Z.sup.31 and Z.sup.32 may denote —C≡C—.

8. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein the one or more compounds of formula T are represented by one or more compounds of formula T-1 and/or T-2, and wherein the one or more compounds of formula T-1 and/or T-2 are present in the liquid-crystal medium in a total concentration of 5% to 30% ##STR00390## in which ##STR00391## on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00392## L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 identically or differently, denote F, Cl or methyl, and n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7.

9. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 8, wherein the one or more compounds of formula T are represented by one or more compounds of formula T-1, and wherein the one or more compounds of formula T-1 are present in the liquid-crystal medium in a total concentration of 5% to 30%.

10. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, which additionally comprises one or more chiral compounds.

11. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, which comprises compound PPU-TO-S ##STR00393##

12. A component for high-frequency technology, comprising the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 in said component for high-frequency technology.

13. A component for high-frequency technology, comprising the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 in said component for high-frequency technology, which component for high-frequency technology is suitable for operation in the microwave range.

14. A component for high-frequency technology, comprising the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 in said component for high-frequency technology, which A component for high-frequency technology, comprising the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 in said component for high-frequency technology is a liquid-crystal based antenna element, a phase shifter, a tunable filter, a tunable metamaterial structure, a matching network or a varactor.

15. A microwave antenna array, comprising one or more components according to claim 12 in said microwave antenna array.

16. A process for the preparation of the liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, comprising mixing one or more compounds of formula T with one or more compounds of formula I, II and III-1b, and optionally with one or more additional mesogenic or chiral compounds.

17. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein in a compound of formula I or II, at least one group R.sup.L is alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms.

18. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 8, wherein the one or more compounds of formula T are represented by one or more compounds of formula T-2.

19. The liquid-crystal medium according to claim 1, further comprising a stabilizer ##STR00394##

20. A component for high-frequency technology, comprising a liquid crystal medium, which medium comprises in said component for high-frequency technology one or more compounds of formula T ##STR00395## in which R.sup.T denotes halogen, CN, NCS, R.sup.F, R.sup.F—O— or R.sup.F—S—, R.sup.F denotes fluorinated alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 12 C atoms, ##STR00396## on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00397## L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 identically or differently, denote F, Cl or methyl, and t is 0, 1 or 2, and one or more compounds of formulae I, II and/or III, ##STR00398## in which R.sup.1 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups are optionally replaced by ##STR00399## n is 0, 1 or 2, ##STR00400## on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00401## ##STR00402## denotes ##STR00403## R.sup.2 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups are optionally replaced by ##STR00404## Z.sup.21 denotes trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or —C≡C—, and ##STR00405## independently of one another, denote ##STR00406## R.sup.L on each occurrence identically or differently, denotes H or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, R.sup.3 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups are optionally replaced by ##STR00407## one of Z.sup.31 and Z.sup.32 denotes trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or —C≡C— and the other one, independently thereof, denotes —C≡C—, trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or a single bond, and ##STR00408## independently of one another, denote ##STR00409## ##STR00410## denotes ##STR00411##

21. The component according to claim 20, which component for high-frequency technology is suitable for operation in the microwave range.

22. The component according to claim 20, which component for high-frequency technology is a liquid-crystal based antenna element, a phase shifter, a tunable filter, a tunable metamaterial structure, a matching network or a varactor.

23. A microwave antenna array, comprising one or more components according to claim 20 in said microwave antenna array.

Description

EXAMPLES

(1) The following examples illustrate the present invention without limiting it in any way.

(2) However, it is clear to the person skilled in the art from the physical properties what properties can be achieved and in what ranges they can be modified. In particular, the combination of the various properties which can preferably be achieved is thus well defined for the person skilled in the art.

Mixture Examples

(3) Liquid-crystal mixtures N1 to N14 having the compositions and properties as indicated in the following tables are prepared and characterized with respect to their general physical properties and their applicability in microwave components at 19 GHz and 20° C. These data are given in the tables below the composition tables for the individual mixture examples.

(4) TABLE-US-00007 Mixture N1 PTU-3-S 7.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 162.5 PTU-5-S 7.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.8 PPTU-4-S 7.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.7 PPTU-5-S 7.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.9 CPU-2-S 18.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 408 CPU-3-S 13.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.1 CPU-4-S 13.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 14.6 CPU-5-S 13.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.310 PPU-TO-S 15.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5380 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4420 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0057 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0097 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32 Mixture N2 PPTU-4-S 5.0% PPTU-5-S 7.0% PGTU-4-S 4.0% CPU-2-S 20.0% CPU-4-S 20.0% P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% PTU-3V-S 16.0% PPU-TO-S 14.0% Σ 100.0% Mixture N3 PPTU-4-S 7.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 130.0 PPTU-5-S 8.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.316 CPU-2-S 20.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5803 CPU-4-S 17.0% ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4488 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0059 PTU-3V-S 20.0% tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0096 PPU-TO-S 14.0% η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.9 Σ 100.0% Mixture N4 PTU-3-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 139.0 PTU-5-S 15.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.0 PPTU-4-S 7.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 22.4 PPTU-5-S 7.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.3 CPU-2-S 22.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 331 CPU-3-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.2 CPU-4-S 14.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.2 PPU-TO-S 15.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.306 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5802 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4841 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0062 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0107 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 28.6 Mixture N5 PTU-3-S 10.0% PTU-5-S 10.0% PGU-3-S 10.0% PGU-5-S 10.0% PPTU-4-S 6.0% PPTU-5-S 8.0% PGTU-4-S 6.0% CPU-2-S 18.0% CPU-4-S 8.0% PPU-TO-S 14.0% Σ 100.0% Mixture N6 PTU-3-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 145.5 PTU-5-S 10.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.9 PGU-3-S 15.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 25.4 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.5 PPTU-5-S 9.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 377 PGTU-4-S 6.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.0 CPU-2-S 20.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 22.8 CPU-4-S 10.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.321 PPU-TO-S 14.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6582 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4853 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0062 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0115 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 27.9 Mixture N7 PTU-3-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 137.0 PTU-5-S 15.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.7 PPTU-4-S 7.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.9 PPTU-5-S 7.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.2 CPU-2-S 26.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 305 CPU-4-S 20.0% LTS (bulk, −30° C.) [h] ≥1000 PPU-TO-S 15.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.310 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5398 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4428 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0062 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0107 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 29.0 Mixture N8 PTU-3-S 13.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 137.0 PTU-5-S 12.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.4 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.4 PPTU-5-S 8.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.0 CPU-2-S 26.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 286 CPU-4-S 20.0% LTS (bulk, −30° C.) [h] ≥1000 PPU-TO-S 15.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.308 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5669 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4672 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0063 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0107 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 28.8 Mixture N9 PTU-3-S 11.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 142.5 PTU-5-S 11.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.9 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.9 PPTU-5-S 8.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.0 CPU-2-S 26.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 302 CPU-4-S 20.0% LTS (bulk, −30° C.) [h] ≥1000 PPU-TO-S 18.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.310 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5467 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4456 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0062 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0105 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 29.5 Mixture N10 PTU-3-S 6.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 154.0 PTU-5-S 10.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.2 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.0 PPTU-5-S 10.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 CPU-2-S 26.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 338 CPU-4-S 20.0% LTS (bulk, −30° C.) [h] ≥1000 PPU-TO-S 22.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.311 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5709 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4609 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0060 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0101 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.8 Mixture N11 PTU-3-S 9.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 150.5 PTU-5-S 9.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.4 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.5 PPTU-5-S 10.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.1 CPU-2-S 26.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 326 CPU-4-S 20.0% LTS (bulk, −30° C.) [h] ≥1000 PPU-TO-S 20.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.307 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5792 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4794 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0061 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0103 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 29.8 Mixture N12 PTU-5-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I). [° C.]: 165.0 PPTU-4-S 6.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.8 PPTU-5-S 10.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.6 CPU-2-S 26.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.9 CPU-4-S 20.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 426 PPU-TO-S 28.0% LTS (bulk, −30° C.) [h] ≥1000 Σ 100.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.307 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5417 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4552 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0058 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0091 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 33.7 Mixture N13 PTU-3-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 149.5 PTU-5-S 8.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.2 PGU-3-S 16.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 25.6 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.4 PPTU-5-S 8.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 400 PGTU-4-S 5.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.2 CPU-2-S 19.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 23.3 CPU-4-S 16.0% LTS (bulk, −20° C.) [h] ≥1000 PPU-TO-S 12.0% LTS (bulk, −30° C.) [h] 552 Σ 100.0% LTS (bulk, −40° C.) [h] 360 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.306 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6258 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.5147 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0061 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0115 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 26.6 Mixture N14 PGU-3-S 10.0% T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 155.0 PGU-4-S 6.0% Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 23.2 PGU-5-S 6.0% ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 27.6 PPTU-4-S 6.0% ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.4 PPTU-5-S 8.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa .Math. s], (20° C.): 745 PGTU-4-S 5.0% K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.6 CPU-2-S 20.0% K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 21.4 CPU-4-S 16.0% LTS (bulk, −30° C.) [h] ≥1000 PPU-TO-S 15.0% LTS (bulk, −40° C.) [h] ≥1000 PI(2)TU-5-S 8.0% τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.315 Σ 100.0% ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5614 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4397 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0056 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0103 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.6

(5) The liquid-crystalline media according to the invention exhibit high clearing temperatures in combination with very good LTS and excellent microwave-application relevant properties.

(6) The following Table 1 shows a comparison of the properties of Example Mixtures N8, N9 and N10:

(7) It can be seen that the increase of the proportion of the compound PPU-TO-S in the medium results in an increase of the clearing temperature of the medium. Unexpectedly, despite this increase, all mixtures show LTS values of at least 1000 h at −30° C. At the same time, the figure-of-merit of the media becomes better with an increased proportion of PPU-TO-S due to higher tunability t and lower dielectric loss tan δ.sub.ε.sub.r,∥.

(8) It is noteworthy that the compound PPU-TO-S has a comparatively low dielectric anisotropy of Δε=3.8, whereas for example the compound PPU-3-S has a high dielectric anisotropy of Δε=20.7 (both values extrapolated from 10% solution in ZLI-4792).

(9) Nevertheless, the presence of PPU-TO-S in the polar liquid-crystalline media according to the invention has no negative influence on the tunability compared to liquid-crystalline media from the state of the art.

(10) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 1 PPU-TO-S LTS (bulk, Mixture [% T.sub.(N,I) −30° C.) Example by weight] τ tan δ.sub.ε r, || η [° C.] [h] N8 15 3.08 0.0107 28.8 137 ≥1000 N9 18 3.10 0.0105 29.5 143 ≥1000 N10 22 3.11 0.0101 30.8 154 ≥1000

(11) As mentioned above, in a preferred embodiment the media according to the present invention comprise a stabiliser.

(12) The following Mixtures N15 to N28 are obtained from the mixtures N1 to N14 using the stabiliser ST-3b-1 in the amounts given in Table 2.

(13) ##STR00362##

(14) TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 2 Mixture Example Host Mixture c(ST-3b-1) [%] N15 N1 0.12 N16 N2 0.90 N17 N3 0.10 N18 N4 0.11 N19 N5 0.12 N20 N6 0.13 N21 N7 0.12 N22 N8 0.12 N23 N9 0.12 N24 N10 0.12 N25 N11 0.13 N26 N12 0.14 N27 N13 0.15 N28 N14 0.17

(15) The following Mixtures N29 to N42 are obtained from the mixtures N1 to N14 using the stabiliser ST-3a-1 in the amounts given in Table 3.

(16) ##STR00363##

(17) TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 3 Mixture Example Host Mixture c(ST-3b-1) [%] N29 N1 0.12 N30 N2 0.90 N31 N3 0.10 N32 N4 0.11 N33 N5 0.12 N34 N6 0.13 N35 N7 0.12 N36 N8 0.12 N37 N9 0.12 N38 N10 0.12 N39 N11 0.13 N40 N12 0.14 N41 N13 0.15 N42 N14 0.17

(18) Further examples according to the invention are mixtures N43 to N55:

(19) TABLE-US-00011 Mixture N43 U-200 0.12 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 162.5 PPTU-4-S 5.99 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.9 PPTU-5-S 11.99 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.7 CPU-2-S 25.97 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 CPU-4-S 19.98 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 477 PPU-TO-S 27.96 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.9 P(2)TU-5-S 7.99 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.7 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.66 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.06 LTS bulk [h], −30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], −40° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.313 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5893 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4643 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0060 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0095 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.9 Mixture N44 U-200 0.12 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 153.5 PTU-3-S 5.99 Δn [589 nm, 20° C.): 0.3716 PTU-5-S 9.99 n.sub.e [589 nm, 20° C.): 1.9062 PPTU-4-S 5.99 n.sub.o [589 nm, 20° C.): 1.5346 PPTU-5-S 9.99 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.2 CPU-2-S 25.97 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.0 CPU-4-S 19.98 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 PPU-TO-S 21.97 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 338 Σ 100.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.1 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 23.1 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.64 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.00 LTS bulk [h], −30° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.311 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5709 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4609 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0060 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0101 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.8 Mixture N45 PTU-3-S 14.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 154.5 PGU-3-S 14.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.2 PPTU-5-S 20.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 24.4 CPU-2-S 35.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.2 PPU-TO-S 17.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 401 Σ 100.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.8 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.4 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.61 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 0.93 LTS bulk [h], −30° C.): 96 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.327 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6248 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4381 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0061 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0107 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.6 Mixture N46 PTU-3-S 15.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 154.5 PGU-3-S 15.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 19.1 PPTU-5-S 20.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 23.3 CPU-2-S 25.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.1 PPU-TO-S 25.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 406 Σ 100.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.1 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.5 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.59 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 0.96 LTS bulk [h], −30° C.): 96 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.335 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6775 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4451 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0063 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0111 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.2 Mixture N47 PTU-3-S 15.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 153.5 PPTU-5-S 20.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.2 CPU-2-S 40.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.2 PPU-TO-S 25.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.0 Σ 100.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 382 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.5 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.1 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.62 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.00 LTS bulk [h], −30° C.): 240 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.328 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6143 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4271 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0062 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0102 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.2 Mixture N48 PTU-3-S 15.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 155 PPTU-5-S 20.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.4 CPU-2-S 35.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.3 PPU-TO-S 30.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.9 Σ 100.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 389 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.9 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.2 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.58 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.04 LTS bulk [h], −30° C.): 72 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.327 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6422 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4517 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0063 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0103 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 31.7 Mixture N49 PTU-3-S 6.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 157 PTU-5-S 10.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 17.0 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 21.0 PPTU-5-S 10.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.9 CPU-2-S 30.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 411 PPU-TO-S 22.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.8 LPTU-4-S 16.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 23.7 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.51 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.02 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.329 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6089 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4200 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0058 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0095 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 34.6 Mixture N50 CPU-2-S 30.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 189.5 PPTU-4-S 10.0 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.343 PPTU-5-S 20.0 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.7043 PPU-TO-S 20.0 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4334 LPTU-4-S 20.0 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0051 Σ 100.0 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0083 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 41.3 Mixture N51 CPU-2-S 30.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 182.5 PPTU-4-S 10.0 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.341 PPTU-5-S 20.0 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6820 PPU-TO-S 20.0 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4268 PGU-3-S 20.0 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0056 Σ 100.0 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0100 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 34.1 Mixture N52 PTU-5-S 10.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 164.5 PGU-3-S 10.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.8 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.8 PPTU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.9 CPU-2-S 22.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 450 CPU-4-S 12.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 16.1 PPU-TO-S 28.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.5 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.58 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.03 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.324 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6247 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4506 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0058 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0105 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 30.9 Mixture N53 PGU-3-S 16.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 161.5 PPTU-4-S 6.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 16.9 PPTU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 20.9 CPU-2-S 20.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 4.0 CPU-4-S 10.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 508 PPU-TO-S 28.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 15.9 P(2)TU-5-S 8.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 25.4 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.60 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.02 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.325 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.6255 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4462 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0060 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0103 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 31.6 Mixture N54 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 163.5 PPTU-5-S 12.0 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.9 CPU-2-S 26.0 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.7 CPU-4-S 20.0 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 PPU-TO-S 28.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 477 P(2)TU-5-S 8.0 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.9 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.7 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.66 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.06 LTS bulk [h], −30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], −40° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.312 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5741 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4594 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0058 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0095 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.8 Mixture N55 U-200 0.12 T.sub.(N, I) [° C.]: 162.5 PPTU-4-S 5.99 Δε (1 kHz, 20° C.): 14.9 PPTU-5-S 11.99 ε.sub.∥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 18.7 CPU-2-S 25.97 ε.sub.⊥ (1 kHz, 20° C.): 3.8 CPU-4-S 19.98 γ.sub.1 [mPa s], (20° C.): 477 PPU-TO-S 27.96 K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 14.9 P(2)TU-5-S 7.99 K.sub.3 [pN], (20° C.): 24.7 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN], (20° C.): 1.66 V.sub.0 [V], (20° C.): 1.06 LTS bulk [h], −30° C.): 1000 LTS bulk [h], −40° C.): 1000 τ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.313 ε.sub.r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 3.5893 ε.sub.r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 2.4643 tan δ.sub.ε r, ∥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0060 tan δ.sub.ε r, ⊥ (20° C., 19 GHz): 0.0095 η (20° C., 19 GHz): 32.9

(20) The preceding examples can be repeated with similar success by substituting the generically or specifically described reactants and/or operating conditions of this invention for those used in the preceding examples.

(21) Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art can, using the preceding description, utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The preceding preferred specific embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. From the description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention and, without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.

(22) The entire disclosure[s] of all applications, patents and publications, cited herein and of corresponding European application No. EP 18163715.8, filed Mar. 23, 2018, are incorporated by reference herein.