Ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen storage alloy reaction device and technology

Abstract

An ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen alloy automatic absorption-desorption reaction device includes a shell, a hydrogen storage reaction bed, a motor, a controlling and monitoring system, a wire inlet port, a hydrogen absorption and desorption port, and a universal angle wheel. The reaction bed is circular, rotating at a low speed under driving of a light ultra-low speed motor; facades on two sides of the reaction bed are respectively provided with a transmission shaft and the hydrogen absorption and discharge port which are respectively connected with an ultra-low-speed gear reduction motor or a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen-consuming device; the reaction bed includes a hydrogen storage metal alloy, a heat-conducting anti-hardening filling material, and a phase change material; a shell of the alloy reaction bed has a heater and an external side surface of a hydrogen storage alloy reaction device has a PLC controlling and monitoring system.

Claims

1. An ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen alloy automatic absorption-desorption reaction device, comprising a shell, a hydrogen storage reaction bed, a motor, a PLC controlling and monitoring system, a wire inlet port and a hydrogen absorption and desorption port; wherein the hydrogen storage reaction bed is in a cylindrical shape, and rotates at a low speed of 0.3 r/min to 3.0 r/min under driving of the motor; facades on two sides of the hydrogen storage reaction bed are respectively provided with a transmission shaft and the hydrogen absorption and desorption port; the transmission shaft is connected with the motor, the hydrogen absorption and desorption port is connected with a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen-consuming device; the hydrogen storage reaction bed contains a hydrogen storage alloy, a heat-conducting anti-hardening filling material, and a phase change material; a shell of the hydrogen storage reaction bed is provided with a heater, and subjected to thermal insulation treatment; and an external side surface of the reaction device is provided with the PLC controlling and monitoring system.

2. The ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen alloy automatic absorption-desorption reaction device according to claim 1, wherein a lower part of the hydrogen storage reaction bed is supported by 1 to 3 sets of supporting wheels.

3. The ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen alloy automatic absorption-desorption reaction device according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage reaction bed is capable of being assembled by a plurality of transversely placed unit hydrogen storage tanks, or is also capable of having a structure integrally filled with the hydrogen storage alloy.

4. The ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen alloy automatic absorption-desorption reaction device according to claim 1, wherein a nickel foam or aluminum foam is used as the heat-conducting anti-hardening filling material; and a NaNO.sub.3 particle plated with copper or silver is used as the phase change material.

5. The reaction device according to claim 4, wherein a height-diameter ratio of the hydrogen storage reaction bed is about 0.2 to 0.5, and the hydrogen storage reaction bed rotates at a low speed of 0.3 r/min to 3.0 r/min during hydrogen absorption and desorption; and a ratio of a volume of the hydrogen storage alloy to an effective volume of the hydrogen storage reaction bed is 35% to 50%.

6. The reaction device according to claim 5, wherein a heat flow generated during hydrogen absorption and desorption of the hydrogen storage alloy is absorbed by the NaNO.sub.3 particle plated with copper or silver, and an amount of the phase change material is calculated with a theoretical heat flow load of the hydrogen storage alloy; and the heat-conducting anti-hardening filling material has a filling rate ranging from 15% to 40%.

7. The reaction device according to claim 6, wherein a metal hydrogen storage capacity is controlled to be less than 90% of a theoretical value.

8. The reaction device according to claim 1, wherein the shell of the hydrogen storage reaction bed is capable of providing a constant temperature working environment ranging from −20° C. to 400° C.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a front view of an appearance of an ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen storage alloy reaction device, FIG. 2 is a side view of the appearance of the ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen storage alloy reaction device, FIG. 3 is a top view of the appearance of the ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen storage alloy reaction device, FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of a reaction bed structure with an internally installed hydrogen storage tank, FIG. 5 is a top sectional view of the reaction bed structure with the internally installed hydrogen storage tank, FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of an integrally filled reaction bed, FIG. 7 is a top sectional view of the integrally filled reaction bed, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an expansion and contraction movement of a hydrogen storage metal in a longitudinally placed static reaction bed, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an expansion and contraction movement of a hydrogen storage metal in a transversally placed static reaction bed, and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an expansion and contraction movement of a hydrogen storage metal in a rotating reaction bed.

(2) In the drawing: 1 refers to thermal insulation pressure-resistant shell, 2 refers to ultra-low-speed motor, 3 refers to coupler, 4 refers to hydrogen storage reaction bed, 5 refers to PLC control display unit, 6 refers to spot start-stop button, 7 refers to rotating joint with gas sealing structure, 8 refers to hydrogen absorption and desorption pipeline, 9 refers to upper self-locking quick-opening buckle, 10 refers to lower self-locking quick-opening buckle, 11 refers to motor fixing bracket, 12 refers to plastic supporting roller, 13 refers to universal wheel, 14 refers to power supply connector, 15 refers to standard unit hydrogen tank, 16 refers to heat-conducting agent, 17 refers to coating phase change material, 18 refers to hydrogen tank filter sealing gasket, 19 refers to three-way pipe joint, 20 refers to connecting branch pipe, 21 refers to two-way joint, 22 refers to gas-guide tube, 23 refers to main hydrogen pipe, 24 refers to electric heating shell of hydrogen storage reaction bed, 25 refers to longitudinally placed static hydrogen storage reaction bed, 26 refers to original particle of hydrogen storage alloy, 27 refers to fine particle of pulverized alloy, 28 refers to micro-fine particle of pulverized alloy, and 29 refers to transversely placed static hydrogen storage reaction bed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(3) Multiple optimal embodiments of the disclosure are given hereinafter with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 10.

(4) An ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen storage alloy reaction device includes a thermal insulation pressure-resistant shell 1, an ultra-low-speed motor 2, a hydrogen storage reaction bed 4, and a PLC control display unit 5. The ultra-low-speed motor 2 is coupled with the hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 by a coupler 3, the PLC control display unit 5 is provided with a spot start-stop button 6, and the hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 is connected with a hydrogen absorption and desorption pipeline 8 through a rotating joint 7 with a gas sealing structure. The thermal insulation pressure-resistant shell 1 has a quick-opening locking structure, and a plurality of upper self-locking quick-opening buckles 9 and lower self-locking quick-opening buckles 10 are respectively distributed on a facade, a side surface, and a cover plate. The ultra-low-speed motor 2 is fixed on a bottom plate of the thermal insulation pressure-resistant shell 1 through a motor fixing bracket 11. The hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 rotates at a low speed of 0.3 r/min to 3.0 r/min under driving of the ultra-low-speed motor 2, and an end surface of the circular hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 is supported by the plastic supporting roller 12 to rotate, so as to keep a stability and a good stress state of a bed body. The ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen storage alloy reaction device may be moved or fixed at will under an action of a universal wheel 13, energy of the ultra-low-speed motor 2 and an electric heating shell 24 of the hydrogen storage reaction bed comes from electric energy, and the ultra-low-speed motor and the electric heating shell of the hydrogen storage reaction bed are connected with a power supply device through a power supply connector 14. Examples of specific working processes are as follows.

(5) The ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen storage alloy reaction device of the disclosure has a core characteristic that the hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 rotates at a low speed of 0.3 r/min to 3.0 r/min during hydrogen absorption and desorption, and an original particle 26 of a hydrogen storage alloy, a heat-conducting agent 16, and a coating phase change material 17 in the hydrogen storage reaction bed are all in a rotating state, so that a filling density of the hydrogen storage alloy in the reaction bed 4 is more uniform, and a hardening symptom of a pulverized alloy is obviously improved, thus greatly relieving plastic deformation and failure caused by an excessive local stress of a bed body, prolonging a service life of the reaction bed, and increasing a filling rate of the alloy and a hydrogen storage density of a system. A realization process is described as follows: the hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 is cylindrical, a height-diameter ratio is about 0.2 to 0.5, and a storage capacity is designed according to an amount of hydrogen required in different occasions. An interior of the hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 may be composed of a plurality of standard unit hydrogen tanks 15, and the standard unit hydrogen tanks 15 include the original particle 26 of the hydrogen storage alloy, the heat-conducting agent 16, and the coating phase change material 17. A shell of the hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 is the electric heating shell 24, and the heat-conducting agent 16 and the coating phase change material 17 are filled between the standard unit hydrogen tanks 15 and the electric heating shell 24. The plurality of standard unit hydrogen tanks 15 and hydrogen tank filter sealing gaskets 18 thereof, a plurality of three-way pipe joints 19, a plurality of connecting branch pipes 20, and a plurality of two-way joints 21 are connected to each other to form a main hydrogen pipe 23, and hydrogen may be absorbed and released in the channel. The interior of the hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 may also be composed of the original particle 26 of the hydrogen storage alloy, the heat-conducting agent 16, the coating phase change material 17, and the shell of the hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 directly. A plurality of gas-guide tubes 22 are inserted in the original particles 26 of the hydrogen storage alloy, which are connected with the plurality of three-way pipe joints 19, the plurality of connecting branch pipes 20, and the plurality of two-way joints 21 to form the main hydrogen pipe 23, and the hydrogen may also be absorbed and released in the channel.

(6) For a longitudinally placed static hydrogen storage reaction bed 25, initial distribution of the original particles 26 of the hydrogen storage alloy is shown in FIG. 8(1), and a volume has a periodic expansion and contraction characteristic during hydrogen absorption and desorption circulation, with a highest expansion rate reaching 15% to 20%. When the hydrogen absorption and desorption circulation of the alloy is repeated for many times, the alloy is crushed and pulverized, and some original particles 26 of the alloy are crashed into fine particles 27 of the pulverized alloy and fine particles 28 of the pulverized alloy (as shown FIG. 8(2)). The pulverized fine particles 27 and fine particles 28 are naturally settled from an upper part under a combined action of a gravity and a circulating compression effect, resulting in continuous increase of a local density of a lower part of the longitudinally placed static hydrogen storage reaction bed 25 or the longitudinally placed standard unit hydrogen tank 15 (as shown in FIG. 8(3)). In the case of hydrogen absorption expansion again, a compressive stress and a cohesion borne by powder are increased sharply, and the alloy is easy to be hardened and subjected to stress accumulation, resulting in plastic deformation and failure firstly occurring at a lower part of the longitudinally placed static hydrogen storage reaction bed 25 or the longitudinally placed standard unit hydrogen tank 15 (with reference to FIG. 8(4)). For a transversely placed static hydrogen storage reaction bed 29, initial distribution of the original particles 26 of the hydrogen storage alloy is shown in FIG. 9(1). After the hydrogen absorption and desorption circulation is repeated for many times, the alloy is crushed and pulverized, and some original particles 26 of the alloy are crashed into fine particles 27 of the pulverized alloy and fine particles 28 of the pulverized alloy (as shown in FIG. 9(2)). The pulverized fine particles 27 and fine particles 28 are naturally settled from an upper part under a combined action of a gravity and a circulating compression effect, resulting in continuous increase of a local density of a lower part of the transversely placed static hydrogen storage reaction bed 29 or the transversely placed standard unit hydrogen tank 15 (as shown in FIG. 9(3)). In the case of hydrogen absorption expansion again, a compressive stress and a cohesion borne by powder are increased sharply, resulting in plastic deformation and failure firstly occurring at a lower part of the transversely placed static hydrogen storage reaction bed 29 or the transversely placed standard unit hydrogen tank 15 (with reference to FIG. 9(4). The hydrogen storage reaction bed 4 of the disclosure rotates at an ultra-low-speed of 0.3 r/min to 3.0 r/min during hydrogen absorption and desorption, and the original particle 26 of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage reaction bed or the hydrogen stored in the standard unit hydrogen tank 15 rotates at a slow speed. Initial distribution of the original particles 26 of the hydrogen storage alloy is shown in FIG. 10(1), and although alloy pulverization is inevitable (with reference to FIG. 10(2)), the ultra-low-speed characteristic of the reaction bed makes the alloy generate a small-scale non-directional movement effect under an action of micro-gravity. A gravity effect is introduced by a periodic rotating movement, and a contact wall surface and the alloy have a periodic circulation of “close contact” (a bed body is located below the alloy) and “separation” (the bed body is located above the alloy), so that a risk of one-way settlement and accumulation of the pulverized alloy is effectively prevented, the pulverized alloy is finally distributed in the reaction bed (with reference to FIG. 10(3)), a deviation of a local filling density of the alloy is obviously reduced, a natural settlement effect of the alloy under a gravity is obviously improved, the circulating compression effect of the alloy is obviously weakened, a filling density of metal particles in the reaction bed is more uniform, and hardening of the pulverized alloy is significantly reduced, thus greatly relieving plastic deformation and failure caused by an excessive local stress of the bed body, prolonging a service life of the reaction bed, and increasing the filling rate of the alloy and the hydrogen storage density of the system.

(7) Although the specific embodiments of the disclosure are described with reference to the accompanying drawings above, the scope of protection of the disclosure is not limited by this. Those skilled in the art shall understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without going through creative works are still within the scope of protection of the disclosure.