BLADE, CUTTING UNIT AND SLICING MACHINE

Abstract

The invention relates to a blade, in particular a slicer blade, for a cutting unit of a slicing machine, in particular a slicer, for cutting slices from a product strand with a blade base body, which has a rotation axis that extends in an axial direction. According to the invention, the blade base body has a plurality of channel-shaped recesses with a direction of progression, the channel-shaped recesses having a predetermined depth in the axial direction, and the direction of progression of each of the channel-shaped recesses being at least partially in a non-radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the blade base body. The invention further relates to a cutting unit with such a blade and to a slicing machine comprising the cutting unit.

Claims

1. A blade for a cutting unit of a slicing machine, for cutting slices from a product strand, the blade comprising: a blade base body, which has a rotation axis that extends in an axial direction, wherein an outer edge of the blade base body, viewed in the axial direction, is formed as a cutting edge over a cutting edge area, wherein the blade base body has a plurality of channel-shaped recesses with a direction of progression, wherein the channel-shaped recesses have a predetermined depth in the axial direction, and wherein the direction of progression of each of the channel-shaped recesses extends at least partially in a non-radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the blade base body.

2. The blade according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of channel-shaped recesses has at least one section along which a distance of the at least one channel-shaped recess from the rotation axis of the blade base body increases continuously in a circumferential direction or is constant.

3. The blade according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of channel-shaped recesses extends along a circumference of a circle which is concentric with the rotational axis, and/or at least one of the plurality of channel-shaped recesses extends non-parallel to the cutting edge.

4. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the direction of progression of at least one channel-shaped recess of the plurality of channel-shaped recesses runs along a circumference of a spiral which has a distance from the rotation axis of the blade base body which increases in a circumferential direction.

5. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the direction of progression of at least one of the channel-shaped recesses viewed in the axial direction runs along a straight line or a curved line or a combination thereof.

6. The blade according to claim 1, wherein at least one channel-shaped recess of the plurality of channel-shaped recesses extends with respect to the rotation axis in a circumferential direction over an angle of at least 30°.

7. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of channel-shaped recesses, viewed in a cross section of the blade base body in a radial direction, each have a substantially V-shaped or rectangular or arcuate cross section.

8. The blade according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the channel-shaped recesses extends at least partly over a radially outer area of a circumference of the blade and/or extends up to the outer edge of the blade base body.

9. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the blade base body, viewed in a cross section of the blade base body in a radial direction, starting from the outer edge of the blade base body, has a grinding surface, a cutting surface and a pressure surface, at least one of the channel-shaped recesses extending at least partially over the grinding surface and/or the ground cutting surface and/or the pressure surface.

10. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined depth of the channel-shaped recesses in the axial direction lies in a range from 0.01 mm to 2 mm, the predetermined depth of the channel-shaped recesses in the axial direction is at most 20% of a thickness of the blade base body in the axial direction and/or a width of the channel-shaped recesses measured orthogonally to the direction of progression of the channel-shaped recesses is in the range from mm to 5 mm.

11. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the blade is designed as a sickle shaped blade, in which a radius of the cutting edge of the blade increases in relation to the rotation axis in a course of the cutting edge of the blade, and a distance of at least one of the plurality of channel-shaped recesses to the rotation axis increases in a direction of rotation about the rotation axis, while the radius of the cutting edge of the blade decreases in the same direction of rotation.

12. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the blade base body is coated with a friction-reducing coating, wherein the coating is also applied in the channel-shaped recesses and/or is applied to the blade base body before or after formation of the channel-shaped recesses.

13. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of channel-shaped recesses are formed by milling or grinding or by means of a laser.

14. A cutting unit for cutting slices from a product strand, the cutting unit comprising: the blade according to claim 1, and a drive unit for driving the blade in rotation about the rotation axis.

15. A slicing machine for cutting slices from a product strand, comprising: the cutting unit according to claim 14, and a control operable to drive at least movable parts of the slicing machine.

16. The blade according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of channel-shaped recesses has a section along which a distance of the at least one channel-shaped recess to the rotation axis of the blade base body continuously increases in a circumferential direction, and a further section along which the distance of the at least one channel-shaped recess to the rotation axis of the blade base body is constant in the circumferential direction.

17. The blade according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the channel-shaped recesses has at least one section which has a first radius of curvature with respect to the rotation axis, and at least one further section which has a second radius of curvature, different from the first radius of curvature, with respect to the rotation axis.

18. The blade according to claim 6, wherein the angle is at least 45°.

19. The blade according to claim 1, wherein, the plurality of channel-shaped recesses, viewed in a cross section of the blade base body in a radial direction, each have a substantially V-shaped or arcuate cross section, and, when viewed in the cross section of the blade base body in the radial direction, flanks of the V-shaped or arcuate cross section at an opening of each of the channel-shaped recesses encloses an angle of 70° or less with a cutting plane of the blade base body, which extends substantially orthogonally to the axial direction.

20. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined depth of the channel-shaped recesses in the axial direction lies in a range from 300 μm to 1000 μm.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example, and with reference to the drawings which show:

[0050] FIGS. 1a, b: a slicing machine in the form of a slicer according to the prior art in different perspective views, with the feed belt tilted up into the slicing position,

[0051] FIG. 2a: a simplified side view of the slicing machine loaded with a product caliber,

[0052] FIG. 2b: a side view as in FIG. 2a, but with the feed belt tilted down to the loading position and the product caliber cut open except for a caliber remnant,

[0053] FIG. 3a: a top view of a blade according to the invention according to a first Exemplary embodiment,

[0054] FIG. 3b: a top view of a blade according to the invention in accordance with a second Exemplary embodiment,

[0055] FIG. 4a-c: examples of channel-shaped recesses in a cross section of the base body of the blade in the radial direction, and

[0056] FIG. 5: a partial cross-sectional view of the blade base body in the radial direction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] FIGS. 1a, 1b show different perspective views of a multi-track slicer 1 for simultaneous slicing of several product calibers K on one track SP1 to SP4 each side by side and depositing in shingled portions P of several slices S each with a general passage direction 10* through the slicer 1 from right to left.

[0058] FIG. 2a shows a side view of this slicer 1 with omission of covers and other parts not relevant for the invention, which are fastened to the base frame 2 like all other units, so that the functional parts, above all the conveyor belts, can be seen better. The longitudinal direction 10 is the feed direction of the calibers K to the cutting unit 7 and thus also the longitudinal direction of the calibers K lying in the slicer 1.

[0059] It can be seen that the basic structure of a slicer 1 according to the state of the art is that a cutting unit 7 with blades 3 rotating about a blade axis 3′, such as a sickle blade 3, is provided with a plurality of, in this case four, product calibers K lying transversely to the feeding direction 10 next to one another on a feed conveyor 4 with spacers 15 of the feed conveyor 4 between them which are fed by this feed unit 20, and from the front ends of which the rotating blade 3 cuts off a slice S with its cutting edge 3a in each case in one operation, i.e., almost simultaneously.

[0060] For the cutting of the product calibers K, the feed conveyor 4 is in the cutting position shown in FIGS. 1a-2a, which is inclined in side view with a low-lying front end on the cutting side and a high-lying rear end, from which it can be folded down about a pivot axis 4′ running in its width direction, the first transverse direction 11, which is located in the vicinity of the cutting unit 7, into an approximately horizontal loading position as shown in FIG. 2b.

[0061] The rear end of each caliber K lying in the feed unit 20 is positively held by a gripper 14a-d with the aid of gripper claws 16 as shown in FIG. 2a. These grippers 14a-14d, which can be activated and deactivated with respect to the position of the gripper claws 16, are attached to a common gripper slide 13, which can be moved along a gripper guide 18 in the feed direction 10.

[0062] Both the feed of the gripper slide 13 and of the feed conveyor 4 can be driven in a controlled manner, but the actual feed speed of the calibers K is effected by a so-called upper and lower product guide 8, 9, which are also driven in a controlled manner and engage on the upper side and lower side of the calibers K to be cut open in their front end sections near the cutting unit 7.

[0063] The front ends of the calibers K are guided in each case through a so-called slit opening 6a-d of a plate-shaped cutting frame 5, the cutting plane 3″ running directly in front of the front, obliquely downward-pointing end face of the cutting frame 5, in which cutting plane the blade 3 rotates with its cutting edge 3a and thus cuts off the protrusion of the calibers K from the cutting frame 5 as a slice S. The cutting plane 3″ runs perpendicular to the upper run of the feed conveyor 4 and/or is spanned by the two transverse directions 11, 12 to the feed direction

[0064] The inner circumference of the product openings 6a-d serves as a counter cutting edge of the cutting edge 3a of the blade 3.

[0065] Since both product guides 8, 9 can be driven in a controlled manner, in particular independently of one another and/or possibly separately for each track SP1 to SP4, they determine the—continuous or clocked—feed speed of the calibers K through the cutting frame 5.

[0066] The upper product guide 8 is displaceable in the 2. transverse direction 12—which is perpendicular to the surface of the upper run of the infeed conveyor 4—for adaptation to the height H of the caliber K in this direction. Furthermore, at least one of the product guides 8, 9 can be designed to be pivotable about one of its deflecting rollers in order to be able to change the direction of the strand of its guide belt lying against the caliber K to a limited extent.

[0067] The slices S standing obliquely in space during separation fall onto a discharge unit 17 which begins below the cutting frame 5 and runs in the passage direction and which in this case consists of several discharge conveyors 17a, b, c arranged one behind the other with their upper runs approximately in alignment in the passage direction 10*, of which the first discharge conveyor 17a in the passage direction 10* can be designed as a portioning belt 17a and/or one can also be designed as a weighing unit.

[0068] The slices S can hit the discharge conveyor 17 individually and at a distance from each other in the passage direction 10* or, by appropriate control of the portioning belt 17a of the discharge conveyor 17—the movement of which, like almost all moving parts, is controlled by the control 1*—form shingled or stacked portions P, by stepwise forward movement of the portioning belt 17a.

[0069] Below the feed conveyor unit 20 there is usually an approximately horizontal rest piece conveyor 21, which starts with its front end below the cutting frame 5 and directly below or behind the discharge conveyor unit 17 and with its upper run thereon—by means of the drive of one of the discharge conveyors 17 against the passage direction 10*—transports falling rest pieces to the rear.

[0070] In FIG. 3a, which shows a top view of a blade according to the invention in accordance with a first exemplary embodiment, the blade according to the invention is generally indicated by the reference sign 3.

[0071] The blade 3 according to the first exemplary embodiment comprises a blade base body 3.1, which has a rotation axis 3′. An outer edge 3.1a of the base body 3.1 of the blade is formed as a cutting edge 3a, as seen in the direction of the rotation axis 3′, via a cutting edge area 3A. The cutting edge area 3A is an area extending in the circumferential direction 10′ of the blade base body 3.1, within which the blade base body 3.1 is ground. The blade base body 3.1 surrounds a plurality of channel-shaped recesses 3.2, each of which has a running direction 3.2′.

[0072] According to the invention, the direction of progression 3.2′ of each of the channel-shaped recesses 3.2 runs at least partially in a non-radial direction with respect to the rotation axis 3′ of the blade base body 3.1. The extension in the nonradial direction can be designed in such a way that the direction of progression 3.2′ of a respective recess 3.2 runs over at least one section of the recess in the non-radial direction. For example, this section can have a direction of progression 3.2′, the direction vector of which with respect to the rotation axis 3′ has [0073] both a component in the radial direction R and a component in the circumferential direction 10′

[0074] or [0075] only one component in circumferential direction 10′.

[0076] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the direction of progression is the direction of a line M extending centrally with respect to an opening of a channel-shaped recess (see, for example, FIGS. 4a-4c).

[0077] In FIG. 3a, the channel-shaped recesses 3.2 are made in such a way that a distance between a respective channel-shaped recess 3.2 and the rotation axis 3′ of the blade base body 3.1 is constant in circumferential direction 10′. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3a, the channel-shaped recesses 3.2 each extend along a circumference of a circle which is concentric with the rotation axis 3′.

[0078] As can also be seen in FIG. 3a, the recesses 3.2 are continuous, i.e., they each extend in the circumferential direction 10′ over the entire circumference of the blade base body 3.1. However, this is not absolutely necessary. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to produce the recesses 3.2 in such a way that they extend only in the radially outer region 3.1b of the blade base body 3.1, but not outside it. In this case, the recesses 3.2 do not have to be formed over the entire radially outer area 3.1b, but can also extend only over a partial area of the radially outer area 3.1b.

[0079] FIG. 3b shows a top view of a blade 3 according to the invention in accordance with a second exemplary embodiment. Like the blade according to the first exemplary embodiment, the blade 3 according to the second exemplary embodiment comprises a blade base body 3.1 and is designed like the blade according to the first exemplary embodiment with the exception of the design of the channel-shaped recesses 3.2.

[0080] The channel-shaped recesses 3.2 according to the second exemplary embodiment are formed in such a way that their direction of progression 3.2′ runs in each case along a circumference of a spiral, which has a distance from the rotation axis 3′ that increases in the circumferential direction 10′. It should be noted that the term “spiral” is not necessarily to be interpreted in accordance with the generally known geometric definition, but rather in such a way that a spiral is to be understood as any curved line which winds around the rotation axis 3′ and in the circumferential direction 10′ has a distance from the rotation axis 3′ which increases, in particular continuously.

[0081] In FIG. 3b, the channel-shaped recesses 3.2 are formed only in the radially outer region 3.1b of the blade base body 3.1. Alternatively, as in FIG. 3a, it is also possible for them to be formed continuously in the circumferential direction 10′, i.e., they each extend from the radially outer region 3.1b over the blade base body 3.1 along a line indicated by dashes in FIG. 3b.

[0082] With reference to both exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3a and 3b, it should be noted that the channel-shaped recesses 3.2 can extend to an outer edge 3.1a, in particular the cutting edge 3a, of the basic body 3.1 of the blade.

[0083] FIGS. 4a-c show examples of channel-shaped recesses 3.2 in a cross section of the blade base body 3.1 in radial direction R.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 4a, the plurality of recesses 3.2 may have a substantially V-shaped cross section 3.2a when viewed in the cross section of the blade base body 3.1 in radial direction R. The recesses 3.2a may have a V-shaped cross section 3.2a when viewed in this cross section. In this cross section, flanks of the V-shaped cross section 3.2a at the opening of the respective recess 3.2 can enclose an angle α, in particular of 70° or less, with the cutting plane 3″ of the blade base body 3.1. In this case, the channel-shaped recesses 3.2 can have a predetermined depth T in the axial direction 10 as well as a predetermined width B measured orthogonally to the direction of progression 3.2′.

[0085] In order to be able to further reduce or even completely prevent twisting of the slices S without undesirably influencing the cutting action of the blade 3, the blade base body 3.1 can be coated with a friction-reducing coating 3.3, which can preferably also be applied in the recess 3.2, as shown in FIG. 4a.

[0086] FIG. 4b shows an example of a recess 3.2 which has a rectangular cross section 3.2b, while FIG. 4c shows an example of a recess with an arcuate cross section 3.2c.

[0087] Like the V-shaped cross section 3.2a according to FIG. 4a, the rectangular cross section 3.2b according to FIG. 4b and/or the arc-shaped cross section 3.2c according to FIG. 4c may have a predetermined depth T and/or a predeterm ined width B and/or a friction-reducing coating 3.3 (not shown in FIGS. 4b and 4c).

[0088] The flanks of the arcuate cross section 3.2c can also include a predetermined angle α, in particular of 70° or less, with the blade plane 3″.

[0089] FIG. 5 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the blade base body 3.1 in the radial direction R. As can be seen in this partial cross-sectional view, the blade 3 in this exemplary embodiment has a grinding surface 3.4, a cutting surface 3.5 and a pressure surface 3.6 starting from the cutting edge 3a.

[0090] The base body 3.1 of the blade is, for example, only attached on one side, namely on the side of the disc facing away from the product caliber K, so that the rear side of the blade 3 facing the product caliber K represents the blade plane 3″ along which the severing process is carried out. The pressure surface 3.6 has a steeper angle than the cutting surface 3.5 with respect to the blade plane 3″ of the base body 3.1 in order to be able to press a slice S to be cut off away from the base body 3.1 in the axial direction 10 during the cutting process.

[0091] As can also be seen in FIG. 5, the channel-shaped recess 3.2 in the example shown extends over the grinding surface 3.4, the cutting surface 3.5 and the pressure surface 3.6. However, this is also not absolutely necessary. In deviation from FIG. 5, the channel-shaped recess 3.2 can also extend over only one or two, in particular adjacent, of the ground surface 3.4, the cutting surface 3.5 and the pressure surface 3.6.

LIST OF REFERENCES

[0092] 1 slicing machine, slicer [0093] 1* Control [0094] 2 Base frame [0095] 3 Blade [0096] 3.1 Blade base body [0097] 3.1a outer edge [0098] 3.1b radially outer area of the blade circumference [0099] 3.2 Channel-shaped recess [0100] 3.2a V-shaped cross section [0101] 3.2′ direction of progression [0102] 3.3 friction-reducing coating [0103] 3.4 Grinding surface [0104] 3.5 cutting surface [0105] 3.6 pressure surface [0106] 3′ rotation axis [0107] 3″ Cutting plane, blade plane [0108] 3A Cutting edge area [0109] 3a Cutting edge [0110] 4 Feed conveyor, feed belt [0111] 5 Cutting frame [0112] 6a-d product opening [0113] 7 cutting unit [0114] 8 upper product guide, upper guide belt [0115] 8.1 contact run, lower run [0116] 8a cutting side deflecting roller [0117] 8b deflecting roller facing away from the cutting side [0118] 9 bottom product guide, lower guide belt [0119] 8.1 Contact run, upper run [0120] 9a cutting side deflecting roller [0121] 9b deflecting roller facing away from the cutting side [0122] 10 Transport direction, longitudinal direction, axial direction [0123] 10* Passage direction through machine [0124] 10′ circumferential direction [0125] R radial direction [0126] 11 1. transverse direction (width slicer) [0127] 12 2nd transverse direction (height-direction caliber) [0128] 12* Vertical direction [0129] 13 Gripper unit, gripper slide [0130] 14,14 a-d: gripper [0131] 15 Spacer [0132] 15′ Support surface [0133] 16 Gripper claw [0134] 17 discharge conveyor unit [0135] 17a, b, c Portioning belt, discharge conveyor U. [0136] 18 Gripper guide [0137] 19 Height sensor [0138] 20 Feed unit [0139] 21 End piece conveyor [0140] 22 Spreading belt [0141] 23 Scale [0142] 24 Weighing belt [0143] 25 Alignment belt [0144] 26 Line belt [0145] 30 Drop down feed unit, drop down line [0146] 40 Buffer [0147] 40.1-40.6 Buffer belt, floor [0148] 40A Floor distance buffer [0149] 40H Lifting un, guide [0150] 41 Buffer insertion unit [0151] 41.1-41.3 Insertion belt [0152] 41A Floor distance insertion unit [0153] 41H Lifting unit, guide [0154] 42 Buffer removal unit [0155] 42.1, 42.2 Removal belt [0156] 42A Floor distance removal unit [0157] 42H Lifting unit, guide [0158] 43 Insertion belt [0159] A Article [0160] F Format, format set [0161] K Product, product caliber [0162] KR End piece [0163] S Slice [0164] P portion