FRAGRANCE CONCRETE AND ABSOLUTE OBTAINED BY EXTRACTION OF HETEROCYCLIC SOLVENT FROM SOLID NATURAL MATERIALS

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of perfume concrete and absolute which employs bringing particular solid natural material into contact with a first system of solvents comprising at least one “green” heterocyclic solvent.

Another subject-matter of the invention is the perfume concrete and the perfume absolute obtained by the preparation process, a composition comprising the concrete and/or the absolute, and the use of the “green” heterocyclic solvent to extract the concrete and/or the absolute without lamenting an ether odour.

Claims

1. A process for the preparation of a perfume concrete and/or absolute comprising: bringing a first system of solvent(s) comprising at least one heterocyclic solvent having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of greater than or equal to 70° C. into contact with: one or more fresh, withered or dry solid natural material(s) chosen from: i) rose flowers, jasmine flowers, lavender flowers, lavandin flowers, orange blossom, flowers of tuberoses, ylang-ylang flowers, and violet flowers and mimosa flowers; ii) geranium, stems, geranium leaves, patchouli stems, patchouli leaves, petitgrain stems, and petigrain leaves; iii) anise (Pimpinella anisum), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), caraway (Carum carvi), cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and juniper; iv) varieties of mandarin (Citrus reticulata), varieties of clementine (Citrus clementina), and varieties of grapefruit; v) mace (Myristica fragrans) seeds, angelica (Angelica archangelica) seeds, celery (Apium graveolens) seeds, cardamom (Elettaria cardamumum) seeds, tonka (Dipteryx odorata) seeds, tonka beans, vanilla (Vanilla planfolia) pods, and vanilla seeds; vi) angelica (Angelica archangelica) roots, vetiver roots and iris; vii) sandalwoods, rosewoods (Aniba rosaeodora), cedarwoods and guaiacumwoods; viii) tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus), lemon grass, sage, mint and thyme; ix) spruce needles, spruce twigs, fir needles, fir twigs, rosemary needles, rosemary twigs, pine needs and pine twigs; and x) resins and balms derived from galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh and olibanum; to produce a mixture, it being understood that the seeds, pods, and beans v) can be with or without shells.

2. Process according to claim 1, in which the first system of solvent(s) comprises at least one heterocyclic solvent chosen from: a1) tetrahydrofuran derivatives; a2) tetrahydropyran derivatives; a3) diox(ol)ane derivatives; and a4) (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkoxycyclopentane derivatives.

3. Process according to claim 1, in which the first system of solvents) comprises at least one heterocyclic solvent chosen from a1) a tetrahydrofuran derivative.

4. Process according to claim 1, in which the first system of solvent(s) comprises one or more additional solvents different from the heterocyclic solvent(s) having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 70° C. selected from the group consisting of: esters of organic acids; alcohols; C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl carbonates; and mixtures thereof.

5. Process according to claim 1, in which the first system of solvent(s) comprises at least 50% by volume of heterocyclic solvent having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 70° C., with respect to the total volume of the first system of solvent (s).

6. Process according to claim 1, in which the natural material(s) i) to x) has(have) been ground, before contacting the natural material(s) with the heterocyclic solvent having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 70° C.

7. Process according to claim 1, in which the natural material(s) is(are) chosen from i) and v).

8. Process according to claim 1, in which the contacting is carried out at ambient temperature, with or without stirring.

9. Process according to claim 1, in which the contacting is a solid/liquid extraction.

10. Process according to claim 1, further comprising heating the mixture in a reactor to a temperature of greater than 40° C. for a period of time of between 5 minutes and 48 hours.

11. Process according to claim 1, in which the reactor comprises a cooling system or condenser for cooling and condensing the solvent(s) of the first system of solvent(s).

12. Process according to claim 10, further comprising, prior to heating the mixture in the reactor, sonicating the mixture, and subsequent to heating the mixture in the reactor, (a) removing the solvent(s) to produce a concrete; or (b) separating natural materials which have not been dissolved from the mixture to yield supernatant and removing the solvent(s) to produce a concrete.

13. Process according to claim 12, in which the concrete is brought into contact with at least one second system of polar solvent(s) comprising at least one polar protic solvent and is maintained at a temperature of less than 0° C. to produce a pellet, and then separating the pellet from supernatant and evaporating solvent from the supernatant to produce a perfume absolute.

14. A concrete obtained by the preparation process according to claim 1.

15. An absolute obtained by the preparation process according to claim 13.

16. A composition comprising: one or more concrete(s) obtained by the preparation process according to claim 1, and/or one or more absolute(s) obtained by the preparation process according to claim 13.

17. A method for the treatment of keratin materials comprising applying of one or more concrete(s) of claim 14 and/or one or more absolute(s) of claim 15 to the keratin material.

18. A method for perfuming a substrate comprising comprising applying of one or more concrete(s) of claim 14 and/or one or more absolute(s) of claim 15 to the substrate.

19. A method of extracting a concrete and/or an absolute from solid natural material(s) i) to x) b) as defined in claim 1 comprising contacting the solid natural material(s) with at least one heterocyclic solvent having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of greater than or equal to 70° C., as defined in claims 1—without an ether odor.

20. A method of perfuming a substrate comprising contacting one or more concrete(s) as defined in claim 14 and/or of one or more absolute(s) as defined in claim 15 with the substrate.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0201] Solvents

[0202] Ethanol denotes 96% ethanol and the 2-MeTHF is the racemic form with a purity of greater than 99% (“green” polar aprotic solvent, according to the invention): heptane (non-polar aliphatic solvent) and 2-MeTHF (sold, for example, by Pennakem).

Example 1

[0203] Preparation of the solid natural material:

[0204] Cardamom, or Elettaria cardamomum, belongs to the family of the Zingiberaceae.

[0205] Resulting from long-rhizome herbaceous plants, it produces oval capsules of 1 cm containing approximately twenty seeds each, which are separated into three air cells. These capsules, usually taken from plants aged from 3 to 5 years, were bought in a herbalist's shop. Depending on the experiments, the extraction was carried out starting: [0206] either from crushed whole capsules (shells+seeds) [0207] or from shells [0208] or from isolated whole seeds [0209] or from isolated seeds finely ground using an IKA A11 knife mill.

[0210] In this case, the grinding is carried out in three times 20 seconds in the presence of a chunk of dry ice in order to prevent the natural material from heating.

[0211] The separation of the seeds from their capsules, the preparation of the natural materials (cardamom shells, whole cardamom seeds and crushed seeds) and the corresponding extraction were carried out on the same day.

[0212] Extraction of the Concrete with the Solvent of the Invention

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Biomass Reflux Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time yield 1 whole seeds + 47.5 g (30 g 2-MeTHF 2 h 1.1% shells (crushed) seeds + (475 g) 16.1 g shells) 2 whole seeds 30 g 2-MeTHF 2 h .sup. 1% (300 g) 3 shells 16.1 g 2-MeTHF 2 h 1.2% (161 g) 4 whole seeds 50 g 2-MeTHF 2 h 1.07%  (500 g) 5 whole seeds 50 g 2-MeTHF 5 h 1.5% (500 g) 6 whole seeds 50 g 2-MeTHF 5 h 2.1% (500 g) 7 ground seeds 60 g 2-MeTHF 5 h .sup. 6% (600 g)

[0213] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0214] The blind tests were carried out on a panel of 10 people, including 5 specialist persons, including 5 perfumers. The samples used are:

[0215] A commercial cardamom absolute reference extracted with a conventional solvent different from that of the invention (such as n-hexane).

[0216] The cardamom absolutes obtained according to the preceding examples.

[0217] Of the 10 people, the great majority (70%) found that the reference absolute had the least pleasant odour of the five samples and one very distant from cardamom seeds. In terms of preferences, they placed a higher value on the cardamom absolute obtained after extraction from 2-MeTHF than that extracted with the conventional solvent (crushed or uncrushed seeds).

Example 2

[0218] Preparation of the Solid Natural Material:

[0219] Lavandin, or Lavandula augustifolia, belongs to the family of the Lamiaceae.

[0220] This plant produces long stems of scented violet flowers. The latter are taken in order to be subsequently used for the extraction. For its part, the stem is not used in order to prevent an excessively herbaceous perfume note being obtained. The ready-for-use biomass is subsequently brought into contact with the solvent, 2-MeTHF, with a 1:10 ratio (1 g of biomass per 10 ml of solvent) in a 1 L Radleys® jacketed reactor. The heterogeneous reaction medium is subsequently stirred (6500 rpm) at ambient temperature and is then brought to reflux of the solvent for 2 hours. The reaction medium is subsequently allowed to return to ambient temperature.

[0221] After the extraction, the dark macerated product is recovered and filtered using a disposable conical filter, in order to remove the biomass residues, and then put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the solvent. A viscous liquid is obtained.

[0222] The latter is subsequently taken up with absolute ethanol (ratio 1/30 (1 g of concrete per 30 g of ethanol)); the alcoholic medium is maintained in an ice bath at approximately −10° C. for half an hour in order to precipitate the waxes in particular, before being centrifuged in an Eppendorf® 5810R centrifuge at 23° C. and at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes. The supernatant is subsequently placed in a round-bottomed flask in order to be put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the viscous liquid obtained is put in a desiccator under vacuum at 40° C. for half an hour in order to remove any trace of residual solvent. The absolute is then obtained.

[0223] The following test with the lavandin biomass was carried out:

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Biomass Reflux Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time yield 8 flower 100 g 2-MeTHF 2 h 12% (1000 g)

[0224] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0225] A blind test was carried out on a panel of several people, including some who are specialists in perfumery. The samples used are:

[0226] A commercial lavandin absolute reference.

[0227] The lavandin absolute obtained above.

[0228] The lavandin absolute obtained with 2-MeTHF is more pleasant, identical at the olfactory level to the fragrance of the flower and to the reference with, however, a greener note than the commercial lavandin absolute.

Example 3

[0229] Preparation of the Solid Natural Material:

[0230] Jasmine, or Jasminum officinale var. Grandiflorum, belongs to the family of the Oleaceae.

[0231] This plant produces long branched stems variegated with numerous scented white flowers. The latter are picked in the small hours and form the subject of a rapid treatment in order to prevent them from losing their olfactory property. The ready-for-use biomasses are subsequently brought into contact with the solvent, 2-MeTHF, with a 1:10 ratio (1 g of biomass per 10 ml of solvent) in a 1L Radleys® jacketed reactor. The heterogeneous reaction medium is subsequently stirred (340 rpm) at ambient temperature and is then brought to reflux of the solvent for 2 hours. The reaction medium is subsequently allowed to return to ambient temperature.

After the extraction, the macerated product is recovered and filtered using a disposable conical filter, in order to remove the biomass residues, and then put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the solvent. A viscous liquid is obtained. The latter is subsequently taken up with absolute ethanol (ratio 1/30 (1 g of concrete per 30 g of ethanol)); the alcoholic medium is maintained in an ice bath at approximately −10° C. for half an hour in order to precipitate the waxes in particular, before being centrifuged in an Eppendorf® 5810R centrifuge at 23° C. and at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes. The supernatant is subsequently placed in a round-bottomed flask in order to be put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the viscous liquid obtained is put in a desiccator under vacuum at 40° C. for half an hour in order to remove any trace of residual solvent. The absolute is then obtained.

[0232] Another cardamom absolute was obtained under the same conditions as those described above, this time using n-heptane as extraction solvent in order to establish a comparative.

[0233] The following tests with the cardamom biomass were carried out:

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Biomass Reflux Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time yield 1 whole seeds + 47.5 g (30 g 2-MeTHF 2 h 1.1% shells (crushed) seeds + (475 g) 16.1 g shells) 2 whole seeds 30 g 2-MeTHF 2 h .sup. 1% (300 g) 3 shells 16.1 g   2-MeTHF 2 h 1.2% (161 g) 4 whole seeds 50 g 2-MeTHF 2 h .sup. 2% (500 g) 5 whole seeds 50 g 2-MeTHF 5 h 2.3% (500 g) 6 whole seeds 50 g Heptane 2 h 1.7% (500 g) 7 ground seeds 60 g 2-MeTHF 5 h .sup. 6% (600 g)

[0234] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0235] The blind tests were carried out on a panel of 10 people, including 5 specialist persons, including 5 perfumers. The samples used are:

[0236] A commercial cardamom absolute reference.

The cardamom absolutes obtained according to the preceding examples.

[0237] Of the 10 people, the great majority (70%) found that the reference absolute had the least pleasant odour of the five samples and one very distant from cardamom seeds. In terms of preferences, the great majority have also the cardamom absolute obtained after extraction from 2-MeTHF (crushed or uncrushed seeds). This absolute is described as being fresh and very close to how the seeds smell, in comparison with the absolute obtained with n-heptane.

Example 4

[0238] Preparation of the solid natural material:

[0239] Vanilla, or Vanilla planifolia, belongs to the family of the Orchidaceae.

[0240] The flowers, joined in groups of 8 to 10, resemble those of numerous orchids. They are scented and white or green-yellow in colour. Vanilla flowers in autumn-winter between September and January, according to the cultivation zone.

[0241] The ripe fruit is completely odourless; its unique and valued odour is acquired after a fermentation process. This valued fruit owes its characteristic odour to the odorous principle called vanillin. The fruits or pods alone are used for the extraction. The biomass, finely ground with a grinder of IKA A11 mill type (size of a few millimetres), is ready for use and is then brought into contact with the solvent, 2-MeTHF, with a 1:10 ratio (1 g of biomass per 10 ml of solvent) in a 1 L Radleys® jacketed reactor. The heterogeneous reaction medium is subsequently stirred (6500 rpm) at ambient temperature and is then brought to 50° C. for 2 hours. The reaction medium is subsequently allowed to return to ambient temperature.

[0242] After the extraction, the dark macerated product is recovered and filtered using a disposable conical filter, in order to remove the biomass residues, and then put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the solvent. A viscous liquid is obtained.

[0243] The latter is subsequently taken up with absolute ethanol (ratio 1/30 (1 g of concrete per 30 g of ethanol)); the alcoholic medium is maintained in an ice bath at approximately −10° C. for half an hour in order to precipitate the waxes in particular, before being centrifuged in an Eppendorf® 5810R centrifuge at 23° C. and at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes. The supernatant is subsequently placed in a round-bottomed flask in order to be put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the viscous liquid obtained is put in a desiccator under vacuum at 40° C. for half an hour in order to remove any trace of residual solvent. The absolute is then obtained.

[0244] The Following Test with the Vanilla Pods was Carried Out:

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Biomass Stirring Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time/temperature yield 9 pod 100 g 2-MeTHF 2 h, 50° C. 9.73% (1000 g)

[0245] A vanilla absolute reference was also obtained by applying the same conditions as those defined with 2-MeTHF by extraction with n-heptane; the latter exhibits the same dissolving and extraction properties as the n-hexane conventionally used to obtain an absolute. The yield of absolute in this scenario is only 6.44%.

[0246] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0247] A blind test was carried out on a panel of several people, including some who are specialists in perfumery. The samples used are:

[0248] A vanilla absolute reference obtained by extraction with n-heptane.

[0249] The vanilla absolute obtained above by extraction with 2-MeTHF.

[0250] The vanilla absolute obtained with 2-MeTHF has a much more gourmet, “cake, rum” type, facet than the vanilla absolute obtained by extraction with heptane, the latter being more conventional and similar to a conventional commercial vanilla absolute. The intensity and the persistence of the odour are also greater with regard to the absolute obtained with 2-MeTHF, in comparison with the absolute obtained with n-heptane.

Example 5

[0251] Preparation of the solid natural material:

[0252] Mimosa, or Acacia decurrens, Acacia dealbata, is a species of bush of the family of the Mimosaceae.

[0253] Mimosa is a tree or shrub, which can reach 25 m in height in the wild state; it has a smooth trunk grey-blue to grey-brown in colour, the base of which cracks with age. The flowers exist in the form of small yellow and silky pompoms 5 mm in diameter, arranged in panicles; they are used alone for the extraction. The ready-for-use biomass is brought into contact with the solvent, 2-MeTHF, with a 1:10 ratio (1 g of biomass per 10 ml of solvent) in a 1 L Radleys® jacketed reactor. The heterogeneous reaction medium is subsequently stirred (6500 rpm) at ambient temperature and is then brought to 45° C. for 2 hours. The reaction medium is subsequently allowed to return to ambient temperature.

[0254] After the extraction, the yellow macerated product is recovered and filtered using a disposable conical filter, in order to remove the biomass residues, and then put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the solvent. A yellow waxy liquid is obtained.

[0255] The latter is subsequently taken up with absolute ethanol (ratio 1/30 (1 g of concrete per 30 g of ethanol)); the alcoholic medium is maintained in an ice bath at approximately −10° C. for half an hour in order to precipitate the waxes in particular, before being centrifuged in an Eppendorf® 5810R centrifuge at 23° C. and at 10 000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant is subsequently placed in a round-bottomed flask in order to be put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the yellow liquid obtained is put in a desiccator under vacuum at 40° C. for half an hour in order to remove any trace of residual solvent. The absolute is then obtained.

[0256] The following test with the mimosa flowers was carried out:

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Biomass Stirring Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time/temperature yield 10 flower 100 g 2-MeTHF 2 h, 45° C. 5% (1000 g)

[0257] A mimosa absolute reference was also obtained by applying the same conditions as those defined with 2-MeTHF by extraction with n-heptane; the latter exhibits the same dissolving and extraction properties as the n-hexane conventionally used to obtain an absolute. The yield of absolute in this scenario is only 1.5%.

[0258] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0259] The mimosa absolute obtained with 2-MeTHF provides a more floral note which is pleasant and close to the biomass, in comparison with the absolute obtained with n-heptane.

Example 6

[0260] Preparation of the Solid Natural Material:

[0261] Tonka bean, or cumaru, is a seed produced by several species of tropical trees of the family of the Fabaceae of the genera Dipteryx and Taralea: mainly Dipteryx odorata but also, in particular, Dipteryx alata and Taralea oppositifolia.

[0262] The beans, finely ground with a grinder of IKA A11 mill type (size of a few millimetres), are ready for use and are then brought into contact with the solvent, 2-MeTHF, with a 1:10 ratio (1 g of biomass per 10 ml of solvent) in a 1 L Radleys® jacketed reactor. The heterogeneous reaction medium is subsequently stirred (6500 rpm) at ambient temperature and is then brought to 40° C. for 2 hours. The reaction medium is subsequently allowed to return to ambient temperature.

[0263] After the extraction, the yellow macerated product is recovered and filtered using a disposable conical filter, in order to remove the biomass residues, and then put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the solvent. A two-phase system (oil and brown residue) is obtained, unlike the other experiments carried out with different ones.

[0264] The oily phase is withdrawn in order to be able to carry out the following stage.

[0265] The brown residue is subsequently taken up with absolute ethanol (ratio 1/30 (1 g of concrete per 30 g of ethanol)); the alcoholic medium is maintained in an ice bath at approximately −10° C. for half an hour in order to precipitate the waxes in particular, before being centrifuged in an Eppendorf® 5810R centrifuge at 23° C. and at 10 000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant is subsequently placed in a round-bottomed flask in order to be put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the brown liquid obtained is put in a desiccator under vacuum at 40° C. for half an hour in order to remove any trace of residual solvent. The absolute is then obtained.

[0266] The following test with tonka beans was carried out:

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Biomass Stirring Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time/temperature yield 11 beans 100 g 2-MeTHF 2 h, 40° C. 22.5% (1000 g)

[0267] A tonka bean absolute reference was also obtained by applying the same conditions as those defined with 2-MeTHF by extraction with n-heptane; the latter exhibits the same dissolving and extraction properties as the n-hexane conventionally used to obtain an absolute. It should be noted that a two-phase system as described above was also obtained. The yield of absolute in this scenario is only 14%.

[0268] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0269] The tonka bean absolute obtained with 2-MeTHF provides a note of cut hay, of vanilla which is very powerful (much more powerful than that obtained with n-heptane), a note similar to the extracted biomass.

Example 7

[0270] Preparation of the solid natural material:

[0271] The rose Rosa centifolia forms part of the family of the Rosaceae. As its name indicates, this is a rose having a hundred leaves. Its flowers are rather round and offer an attractive volume by virtue of the numerous and fine overlapping petals. The Centifolia rose tree is presented in the form of uniform and flexible bushes which can reach 1.5 metres to 2 metres in height. Flowering in the month of May, it is preferable to pick the Centifolia rose at daybreak, as this is the moment when its petals are richest in odorous active principles.

[0272] The roses after picking, which are ready for use, are brought into contact with the solvent, 2-MeTHF, with a 1:10 ratio (1 g of biomass per 10 ml of solvent) in a 1 L Radleys® jacketed reactor. The heterogeneous reaction medium is subsequently stirred (6500 rpm) at ambient temperature and is then brought to 35° C. for 2 hours. The reaction medium is subsequently allowed to return to ambient temperature.

[0273] After the extraction, the yellow macerated product is recovered and filtered using a disposable conical filter, in order to remove the biomass residues, and then put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the solvent.

[0274] The orange-yellow residue is subsequently taken up with absolute ethanol (ratio 1/30 (1 g of concrete per 30 g of ethanol)); the alcoholic medium is maintained in an ice bath at approximately −10° C. for half an hour in order to precipitate the waxes in particular, before being centrifuged in an Eppendorf® 5810R centrifuge at 23° C. and at 10 000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant is subsequently placed in a round-bottomed flask in order to be put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the orange-yellow liquid obtained is put in a desiccator under vacuum at 25° C. for half an hour in order to remove any trace of residual solvent. The absolute is then obtained.

[0275] The following test with the Rosa centifolia flowers was carried out:

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Biomass Stirring Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time/temperature yield 12 flowers 100 g 2-MeTHF 2 h, 35° C. 3.8% (1000 g)

[0276] A Rosa centifolia flowers absolute reference was also obtained by applying the same conditions as those defined with 2-MeTHF by extraction with n-heptane; the latter exhibits the same dissolving and extraction properties as the n-hexane conventionally used to obtain an absolute. The yield of absolute in this scenario is only 0.28%.

[0277] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0278] The rose absolute obtained with 2-MeTHF provides a more floral note which is pleasant and relatively close to the biomass, in comparison with the absolute obtained with n-heptane.

Example 8

[0279] Preparation of the Solid Natural Material:

[0280] Tuberose (Polyanthes tuberosa or Agave polianthes) is a herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Agave of the family of the Agavaceae or, more recently, to that of the Asparagaceae. Tuberose is a long-stemmed star-shaped white flower which has a strong personality with its heady odour.

[0281] Tuberoses after picking, which are ready for use, are brought into contact with the solvent, 2-MeTHF, with a 1:10 ratio (1 g of biomass per 10 ml of solvent) in a rotary evaporator of Hei-VAP Expert Control type. The heterogeneous reaction medium is subsequently stirred (280 rpm) at atmospheric pressure and at 25° C. for 2 hours.

[0282] After the extraction, the light-yellow macerated product is recovered and filtered using a disposable conical filter, in order to remove the biomass residues, and then put back on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the solvent.

[0283] The orange-yellow residue is subsequently taken up with absolute ethanol (ratio 1/30 (1 g of concrete per 30 g of ethanol)); the alcoholic medium is maintained in an ice bath at approximately −10° C. for half an hour in order to precipitate the waxes in particular, before being centrifuged in an Eppendorf® 5810R centrifuge at 23° C. and at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes. The supernatant is subsequently placed in a round-bottomed flask in order to be put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the orange-yellow liquid obtained is put in a desiccator under vacuum at 25° C. for half an hour in order to remove any trace of residual solvent. The absolute is then obtained.

[0284] The following test with the Polyanthes tuberosa flowers was carried out:

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Biomass Stirring Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time/temperature yield 13 flowers 80 g 2-MeTHF 2 h, 25° C. 0.72% (800 g)

[0285] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0286] The tuberose absolute obtained with 2-MeTHF provides a round, pleasant and powerful floral note relatively close to the biomass.

Example 9

[0287] Lavandin, or Lavandula augustifolia, belongs to the family of the Lamiaceae.

[0288] This plant produces long stems of scented violet flowers. The latter are taken in order to be subsequently used for the extraction. For its part, the stem is not used in order to prevent an excessively herbaceous perfume note being obtained. The ready-for-use biomass is subsequently brought into contact with the solvent, CPME (CycloPentyl Methyl Ether), with a 1:10 ratio (1 g of biomass per 10 ml of solvent) in a rotary evaporator of Hei-VAP Expert Control type. The heterogeneous reaction medium is subsequently stirred (280 rpm) at atmospheric pressure and at 40° C. for 2 hours. The reaction medium is subsequently allowed to return to ambient temperature.

[0289] After the extraction, the dark macerated product is recovered and filtered using a disposable conical filter, in order to remove the biomass residues, and then put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the solvent. A dark-green viscous liquid is obtained.

[0290] The latter is subsequently taken up with absolute ethanol (ratio 1/30 (1 g of concrete per 30 g of ethanol)); the alcoholic medium is maintained in an ice bath at approximately −10° C. for half an hour in order to precipitate the waxes in particular, before being centrifuged in an Eppendorf® 5810R centrifuge at 23° C. and at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes. The supernatant is subsequently placed in a round-bottomed flask in order to be put on the rotary evaporator in order to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the viscous liquid obtained is put in a desiccator under vacuum at 40° C. for half an hour in order to remove any trace of residual solvent. The absolute is then obtained.

[0291] The following test with the lavandin biomass was carried out:

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Biomass Stirring Absolute Tests Biomass amount Solvent time/temperature yield 14 flowers 50 g CPME 2 h, 40° C. 11.6% (500 g)

[0292] Olfactory Evaluation:

[0293] The lavandin absolute obtained with CPME was compared with a commercial absolute:

[0294] The lavandin absolute obtained with CPME is deep, with a powerful base note and very close at the olfactory level to the fragrance of the flower. It is also at the olfactory level very pleasant and superior to the commercial reference.