FILTER MEDIA INSERT STRUCTURES AND METHODS OF INSTALLATION

Abstract

Structures for housing a filtration media for the removal and/or solidifying of synthetic ester-based fluids from liquids are provided. The structures disclosed include: a stormwater insert container for installation within a storm drain designed for intake of high volumes of water; an angling filter plug mounting structure and pre-filter basket for a flush installation on a planar floor, such that the filtration media rests beneath the floor and releases filtered liquids into a drainage area; a trench filtration assembly for installation into a trench below surface level, such that the unfiltered liquid passes through the trench and a trench box disposed within the trench filtration assembly prior to passing through the filtration media into a drainage area; and a liner box assembly for installation over an opening made in a non-permeable liner for purposes of pre-filtering contaminated liquids as it flows through the liner box and subsequently the filtration media.

Claims

1. A pre-filtration assembly, comprising: a mounting wall having an opening therethrough and mounting brackets, the mounting wall further having a basin extending perpendicularly from a front side of the mounting wall, the basin having a lip extending perpendicularly therefrom; a liner box disposed within the mounting wall mounting brackets, the liner box having a filter media disposed therein; and a pre-filter grating disposed on the mounting wall front side over the opening, the pre-filter grating further securing a pre-filter material between the pre-filter grating and the mounting wall opening.

2. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 1 further including knobs disposed near the peripheral edges of the mounting wall mounting brackets, the knobs having posts which push or pull into or away from the mounting wall upon rotation of the knobs.

3. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 1, wherein the liner box is angled at approximately 10-30 degrees with respect to the mounting wall.

4. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 1 wherein the liner box is angled at 20 degrees with respect to the mounting wall.

5. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 1 further including a non-permeable liner secured onto the basin lip and the mounting wall, and batten strips disposed over the lip of the basin further securing the non-permeable liner between the basin lip and the mounting wall.

6. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 5 wherein the mounting wall basin sits 2-6 inches deep below the non-permeable liner.

7. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 1 further including a gravel guard formed in a bracket or crescent shape disposed around the outside of the mounting wall basin.

8. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 1 further including a permeable grate disposed over the mounting wall opening.

9. A pre-filtration assembly, comprising: a mounting wall attached to a post, the mounting wall having an opening and mounting brackets, the mounting wall further having a basin extending perpendicularly from a front side of the mounting wall, the basin having a lip extending perpendicularly therefrom; a liner box disposed within the mounting wall mounting brackets, the liner box having a filter media disposed therein; knobs disposed near the peripheral edges of the mounting wall mounting brackets, the knobs having posts which push or pull into or away from the mounting wall upon rotation of the knobs once the liner box is received in the mounting wall brackets via a sliding fit; a non-permeable liner disposed onto the basin lip and the mounting wall; batten strips disposed over and securing the non-permeable liner to the basin lip and the mounting wall; and a pre-filter grating disposed on the mounting wall front side over the opening, the pre-filter grating further securing a pre-filter material between the pre-filter grating and the mounting wall opening.

10. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 9, wherein the liner box is angled at approximately 10-30 degrees with respect to the mounting wall.

11. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 9 wherein the liner box is angled at 20 degrees with respect to the mounting wall.

12. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 9 further including a gravel guard formed in a bracket or crescent shape disposed around the outside of the mounting wall basin.

13. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 9 wherein the mounting wall basin sits 2-6 inches deep below the non-permeable liner.

14. The liner pre-filtration assembly of claim 9 further including a permeable grate disposed over the mounting wall opening.

15. A method of installing a pre-filtration assembly, comprising: providing a non-permeable liner or curtain having sidewalls with inner and outer surfaces for containing a flow of a fluid, a portion of the non-permeable liner or curtain having an opening for the passage of said fluid; and providing a liner pre-filtration assembly comprising: a post for attaching the liner pre-filtration assembly thereto, a mounting wall having an opening therethrough and mounting brackets for receiving a liner box, the mounting wall further having a basin extending perpendicularly from a front side of the mounting wall, and a non-permeable liner secured onto the basin lip and the mounting wall; installing the post to the liner outer surface adjacent the liner opening; securing the mounting wall to the post such that the opening in the mounting wall aligns with the opening in the non-permeable liner or curtain; attaching the liner box to the mounting wall via the mounting brackets on the mounting wall; securing the liner box to the mounting wall to form a fluid-tight seal; placing a pre-filter material over the mounting wall opening; and disposing a pre-filter grating over the pre-filter material to hold it in place over the mounting wall opening.

16. The method of claim 15 further providing knobs having posts disposed near the peripheral edges of the mounting wall mounting brackets, and wherein the step of securing the liner box to the mounting wall further includes rotating the knobs such that the posts push the liner box into the mounting wall.

17. The method of claim 16 further providing a gasket disposed between the liner box and the mounting wall, and further including the step of creating a water-tight seal between the liner box and mounting wall upon rotation of the knobs to push the liner box into the mounting wall.

18. The method of claim 15 further including the step of surrounding the liner pre-filtration assembly basin with a gravel guard.

19. The method of claim 15 further providing the basin having a lip extending perpendicularly therefrom, and further including the steps of disposing the non-permeable liner over the basin lip.

20. The method of claim 19 further including the step of securing batten strips over the non-permeable liner and basin lip to create a water-tight seal between the pre-filtration assembly and the non-permeable liner.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The features of the invention believed to be novel and the elements characteristic of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The figures are for illustration purposes only and are not drawn to scale. The invention itself, however, both as to organization and method of operation, may best be understood by reference to the detailed description which follows taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

[0044] FIG. 1A is a front cross-sectional view of a stormwater insert box or filter container of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 1B is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection structure of the stormwater insert box or filter container of FIG. 1A, shown within Detail A.

[0046] FIG. 1C is a top-down view of the stormwater insert box or filter container of FIG. 1A.

[0047] FIG. 1D is a partial cross-sectional exploded view of the stormwater insert box or filter container of FIG. 1A.

[0048] FIG. 2A is a front cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of a stormwater insert box or filter container of present invention incorporating an overflow valve.

[0049] FIG. 2B is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection structure and overflow valve of the stormwater insert box or filter container of FIG. 2A, shown within Detail B.

[0050] FIG. 2C is a top-down view of the stormwater insert box or filter container of FIG. 2A.

[0051] FIG. 2D is a front, cross-sectional, exploded view of the stormwater insert box or filter container of FIG. 2A.

[0052] FIG. 3A is a side cross-sectional view of a filter insert assembly of the present invention, the filter insert assembly shown as being installed in a drainage area.

[0053] FIG. 3B is a top-down view of a filter media plug mounting structure of the filter insert assembly of FIG. 3A.

[0054] FIG. 3C is a perspective view of the filter insert assembly of FIG. 3A excluding a pre-filter basket.

[0055] FIG. 3D is another perspective view of the disassembled filter insert assembly of FIG. 3A.

[0056] FIG. 3E is yet another perspective view of the filter insert assembly of FIG. 3A.

[0057] FIG. 4A is a top-down view of an alternate embodiment of a filter media plug mounting structure of a filter insert assembly of the present invention, wherein two holding sleeves are connected to the box instead of one.

[0058] FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the filter media plug mounting structure of FIG. 4A.

[0059] FIG. 5A is a side cross-sectional view of an in-situ installation of a drainage system including the filter insert assembly of FIG. 3A, connected to a sump pump of the present invention.

[0060] FIG. 5B is a top-down view of an in-situ installation of a drainage system incorporating multiple filter insert assemblies of FIG. 3A.

[0061] FIG. 6A is a perspective view of an embodiment of a trench filtration assembly of the present invention using a bolted connection structure.

[0062] FIG. 6B is a perspective exploded view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 6A excluding the trench and housing.

[0063] FIG. 6C is a side cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 6A.

[0064] FIG. 6D is a side view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 6A showing the installation of the trench box into the housing.

[0065] FIG. 6E is a top-down cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 6A.

[0066] FIG. 6F is another side cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 6A.

[0067] FIG. 6G is another top-down view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 6A showing the pre-filter grate disposed over the top of said trench filtration assembly.

[0068] FIG. 7A is a perspective view of an embodiment of a trench filtration assembly of the present invention using a slide-in connection structure.

[0069] FIG. 7B is a perspective exploded view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 7A excluding the trench and housing.

[0070] FIG. 7C is a side cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 7A.

[0071] FIG. 7D is a side view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 7A showing the installation of the trench box into the housing.

[0072] FIG. 7E is a top-down cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 7A.

[0073] FIG. 7F is another side cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 7A.

[0074] FIG. 7G is another top-down view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 7A showing the pre-filter grate disposed over the top of said trench filtration assembly.

[0075] FIG. 8A is a perspective view of an embodiment of a trench filtration assembly of the present invention using a rotatable connection structure.

[0076] FIG. 8B is a perspective exploded view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 8A excluding the trench and housing.

[0077] FIG. 8C is a side cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 8A.

[0078] FIG. 8D is a side view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 8A showing the installation of the trench box into the housing.

[0079] FIG. 8E is a top-down cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 8A.

[0080] FIG. 8F is another side cross-sectional view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 8A.

[0081] FIG. 8G is another top-down view of the trench filtration assembly of FIG. 8A showing the pre-filter grate disposed over the top of said trench filtration assembly.

[0082] FIGS. 9A-9B present a pre-filter grate and associated pre-filter material that is installed in conjunction with the trench filtration assemblies of FIGS. 6A-8G.

[0083] FIG. 10 is a perspective, exploded view of a liner box or liner filtration assembly for installation over an opening in a liner, the liner box or liner filtration assembly using a bolted connection structure.

[0084] FIG. 11 is a perspective, exploded view of an embodiment of the liner box or liner filtration assembly of FIG. 10 using a slide-in connection structure.

[0085] FIG. 12 is a perspective, exploded view of an embodiment of the liner box or liner filtration assembly of FIG. 10 using a rotatable connection structure.

[0086] FIG. 13 is a top-down view of another embodiment of the liner box or liner filtration assembly with an angled liner box.

[0087] FIG. 14 is a side, cross-sectional view of the liner assembly with angled liner box along Section A-A of FIG. 14.

[0088] FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the installed liner assembly of FIG. 13, with fluid accumulating on the fluid ingress side of the liner assembly.

[0089] FIG. 16 is another perspective view of a mounting wall, mounting wall opening, and mounting wall basin of the liner assembly of FIG. 13.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT(S)

[0090] In describing the embodiment(s) of the present invention, reference will be made herein to FIGS. 1-16 of the drawings in which like numerals refer to like features of the invention.

[0091] The filtration media insert structures of the present invention may incorporate the filtration media presented in U.S. Pat. No. 6,841,077 titled “SEPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM HYDROCARBON CONTAINING LIQUID” and filed on Oct. 30, 2002 (the “'077 patent”); and U.S. Pat. No. 6,485,639 titled “SEPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM HYDROCARBON CONTAINING LIQUID” and filed on Jan. 7, 1999 (the “'639 patent”); both of which were invented by William Gannon, et al., and assigned to Solidification Products International, Inc. An embodiment of the filtration media insert box described in greater detail below incorporates the filtration media and associated plug structure presented in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/732,963 titled “ADSORPTION/ABSORPTION FILTER MEDIA AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME” and filed on Jan. 2, 2020 (the “'963 application”), also invented by William J. Gannon. The disclosures of the above are incorporated by reference herein (hereinafter “Incorporated Disclosures”). Other filtration media may be implemented within the insert box of the present invention without any degradation in performance of the insert box; however, filtration aspects of the different filter media will vary according to the filter media properties. Different filtration media may be chosen depending upon the desired filtration characteristics.

Stormwater Insert Filter Container Assembly Embodiment:

[0092] In a first embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1A-1D, a stormwater filter container assembly 17 includes a stormwater insert box or filter container 10 having sidewalls 15 and a base 14 for installation within storm drains (typically underneath a grate) identified as manhole 45, the types of which are commonly located at truck re-fueling stations. These stormwater insert filter containers are typically replaced every 2-3 years, depending on the volumes of oil sheen and dirt introduced into any particular storm drain insert over time.

[0093] The insert filter container is cylindrical and has a hollow internal structure, but may be formed in other shapes as desired (e.g., square, oval, pentagonal, octagonal, etc.) to conform to the storm drain in which it will be installed. A metal liner forms both the inside and outside surfaces 11a, 11b of the insert container 10, with the hollow internal structure being bounded by these surfaces. Surface 11b is formed by an outer cylinder having a base and a larger diameter, and surface 11a is formed by an inner cylinder having a base and a smaller diameter, wherein both cylinders 11a, 11b share a same axial center 16. The diameter of the smaller cylinder 11a is small enough to create a gap between the surfaces 11a, 11b and bases thereof to receive a filtration media 12, as shown in FIG. 1A. The filtration media 12 extends from approximately the top perimeter of the insert container, down to and including its base 14. An insert filter container lip or flange 13 extends radially outwards from the top surface of the insert filter container starting at the top edge of inner cylinder 11a, which acts to hold the insert filter container in place within the storm drain or other mounting structure (e.g. a mounting bracket 40) upon installation. Lip or flange 13 further covers the gap formed between the cylinders 11a, 11b, enclosing the filtration media 12 in place within the hollow internal structure.

[0094] FIGS. 1A-1B, and 1D present cross-sectional side and perspective views of an embodiment of the stormwater insert box or filter container assembly 17 after installation, with FIG. 1B showing the more detailed features presented within Detail A of FIG. 1A. The complete installation presents the stormwater insert filter container 10 disposed within and being held by the cylindrical mounting bracket 40 having a cavity disposed substantially in the middle. A mounting flange 42 extends perpendicularly away from the sidewalls of the mounting bracket 40 for the outwardly extending lip/flange 13 of the container 10 to rest on after the insert filter container 10 is inserted within the mounting bracket cavity. Once in place, a fastener 38 (e.g., a screw, nail, dowel, magnet, clamp, bolt, rivet, pin, etc.) extends through the insert container flange 13 and mounting flange 42 to create a fluid-tight seal and secure the container 10 within the drain. A silicone gasket 44 may be disposed between the mounting flange 42 and extending lip 13 for improved sealing purposes, the gasket 44 which would also be held in place by the fastener 38. See FIG. 1B.

[0095] After the insert filter container 10 is affixed to the mounting bracket 40, a grate barrier 24 (which may be comprised of aluminum, stainless steel, iron, or any other suitable material) is disposed over the top opening of the insert container 10. This grate 24 may comprise a permeable, flow-through portion on all or a part of its surface (as exemplified in FIG. 1C), depending on the installer's preference. A pre-filter pad 34 is disposed over the top of the grate 24, which expands from approximately the inside edges of the mounting bracket 40, as shown in FIG. 1A. A pre-filter batting 32 may further be disposed on top of the pre-filter pad 34 in a like manner (which also expands from wall to wall within the mounting bracket 40) to add a layer of protection to the pre-filter, and provide even further filtration, if so desired by the installer.

[0096] In an embodiment of a stormwater insert filter container assembly 17′, an overflow valve 20 is equipped with a second embodiment of the stormwater insert box/filter container 10′ as shown in FIGS. 2A-2D to be used in the event that the insert filter container 10′ is exposed to fluids entering the box at approximately a rate of 80 gallons per minute (“gpm”) or more, or becomes clogged. This overflow valve extends through the top surface of grate barrier 24 via a plunger-like structure, as shown in FIG. 2A, and FIG. 2B (which presents the more detailed portions of Detail B within FIG. 2A) and connects to the lip or flange 13 of the insert filter container 10′. The overflow valve 20 may be manually activated by either a handle or by spring action. Once activated, the overflowing filter container assembly 17′ is relieved of the high volumes of water via circumventing the stormwater filter container 10′ and flowing directly into the drain.

[0097] A filter bag (not shown) such as a micro-mesh, or free-flow mesh 31 (as shown in FIGS. 2A-2D) composed of a filtering fabric may be included with the insert container 10′ to act as a pre-filter which captures dirt and debris that might be carried into the insert container by flowing water. This filter bag/mesh is placed inside of the insert container to cover the base and sidewalls. Further micro-mesh material may be disposed over the top surface of the stormwater insert box/filter container to cover the entirety of its opening and provide further pre-filtering capabilities.

[0098] Installation of the second embodiment of the insert container 10′ into an existing manhole 45 (underneath a manhole grate 46) is substantially the same as with the first insert container embodiment 10. Thus, the number labels across FIGS. 2A-2D (which represent the second embodiment) represent the same features numbered across the first insert filter container 10 embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1A-1D.

[0099] In use, the stormwater filter container embodiments shown across FIGS. 1A-2D may take in high volumes of rain water or other fluids. In many instances, these high volumes of water contain oil sheen picked up from the surrounding environment, such oil sheen including, but not being limited to, diesel, gasoline, hydrocarbon oils, transmission fluids, general fuels, or the like. The water and oil sheen mix enters through the center cavity of the insert box 10 or 10′ and discharges through the insert container base 14 and sidewalls 15 containing the filtration media 12. The filtration media within the insert container are designed to remove the oil sheen from the water, adsorbing or plugging the oil sheen within the filtration media as the contaminated fluid continues to flow through it.

[0100] In the stormwater insert box or container embodiments that include the filter bag/mesh and/or manual overflow valve, the possibility of clogging may eventually occur after prolonged exposure to water and oil sheen mixtures. Furthermore, dirt and debris brought into the stormwater insert box assembly 17′ may eventually build up in the filter bag or insert container 10′ to impermeable levels, resulting in overflow issues. Should this occur, an end user may engage the overflow valve 20 to allow the building fluid to circumvent the insert container and pass into the below storm drain so as to avoid excessive pooling on the surface. Furthermore, the stormwater insert container is capable of completely sealing itself and preventing flow of all liquid in instances where an overload of hydrocarbons or oil is introduced into the stormwater container.

[0101] A further embodiment is presented as a method of installing a stormwater filter container, comprising the steps of: placing a mounting bracket having a mounting bracket flange and a cavity within a storm drain; providing an insert filter container having a hollow internal structure bounded by inside and outside surfaces with a filter media contained therein, wherein said inside surface forms a cavity; providing an insert filter container lip or flange enclosing a top portion of said hollow internal structure; inserting the insert filter container within the mounting bracket cavity, such that the mounting bracket flange supports the insert filter container by the insert filter container lip or flange within the mounting bracket cavity; disposing a grate over the top of the insert filter container and inside the mounting bracket; and covering the top of the grate with a pre-filter pad also disposed inside of the mounting bracket.

Angling Filter Insert Assembly Embodiment:

[0102] In another embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 3A-5B, a filter media plug structure 60 that may encompass the filter material of the aforementioned incorporated filter media disclosures is installed into a filter media insert assembly 50, 50′ designed to hold the filter media plug 60 at an angle substantially between a predetermined angle of 15°-35° with respect to the horizontal floor. An alternate embodiment of the plug material used herein may include a mixture of the polymers disclosed in the Incorporated Disclosures for the absorption/adsorption of synthetic ester-based fluids and a filter media for the absorption/adsorption of regular mineral oils.

[0103] In prior art embodiments of the filter media insert assembly, the plug or container that contained the absorption material was situated vertically, so that gravity flow was maximized. At the angle provided in conjunction with this embodiment of the filter media plug mounting structure of the present invention, water/oil flow rate decreases by about 10-15% as opposed to a vertically oriented plug, but the required amount of material needed for proper absorption and drainage to occur is effectively reduced to ⅓ of that required in the same vertical plugs. This angled design—although counter-intuitive for gravity-flow—is more cost-effective to manufacture, and produces the same absorption results as the vertical plugs, and provides the unexpected result of achieving equivalent or better filtration while utilizing less filter media than a vertically oriented plug.

[0104] Furthermore, the top layer of material covering the plant floor may lack the depth needed to properly install a vertically oriented plug, as the plug may extend past proper drainage points into layers of dirt lacking the porosity needed for water to properly drain into, which may result in a premature clogging of the plug. The plug angle(s) created by the filter insert assembly, and more specifically the filter media plug mounting structure of the present invention thus address this issue by requiring less depth for installation.

[0105] The filter insert assembly 50 of an embodiment of the present invention presents a filter media plug mounting structure 51 having an angled base plate 57 and four walls 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d, and a pre-filter basket 80 as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C-3E. While the plug mounting structure 51 shown in FIGS. 3A-3E is composed of an aluminum material, the media plug mounting structure may alternately be composed of stainless steel, plastics, or any other material suitable for the functions described herein, provided the material can withstand the caustic effects of the flowing liquids. Within the assembly, opposing sidewalls 52a, 52b are formed with their perimeters having a trapezoidal or triangular shape (shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, respectively), and opposing front and rear walls 52c, 52d are formed as parallelograms having different heights with respect to each other. If the opposing sidewalls 52a, 52b are triangular as in the embodiment depicted in FIG. 3C, then no baseplate 57 will be present, or front wall 52c will act as the baseplate.

[0106] The rear wall 52d of the plug mounting structure is higher than the front wall 52c and contains a bore for receiving a holding sleeve 53 disposed through its axial center. The sleeve receives and holds the filter media plug 60 therein. Sleeve 53 is sealed and secured to the rear wall 52d of the plug mounting structure 51, such that no fluid entering the structure 51 may bypass the sleeve 53 without first passing through the plug 60. The downward-sloping angle of the baseplate 57 to which the rear wall connects to accounts for the desired angle of the filter media plug as described above. When the filter insert assembly 50 is properly installed flush with the ground, the bottom surface or baseplate 57 of the plug mounting structure 51 (including sleeve 53 and plug 60) angles away from said ground, or from the horizontal top surface of the structure 51, as best shown in FIG. 3A.

[0107] On the top surface of the plug mounting structure are flanges 56a which expand outwardly and perpendicularly from three out of four sides of the insert box's perimeter or top edges of walls 52a-52c. Batten strips 56 are placed over these flanges 56a to straddle a pre-existing liner 71 coating the power plant's floor. One side of the perimeter has an upwardly extending wall which expands perpendicularly to the planar floor upon installation. This upwardly extending wall comprises holes disposed about its face for receiving fasteners (e.g. bolts, screws, nails, etc.) to secure the rear of the insert box to a thick containment wall 70 (or any other type of wall structure) typically a fiberglass wall on the order of 3″ thick, and disposed behind the plug mounting structure and above the plug or holding sleeve after installation.

[0108] The pre-filter basket 80 is provided with the structure 51 to complete the assembly 50 (or assembly 50′ as described below), as shown in FIG. 3E. The pre-filter basket has a solid top surface 83 with a handle 81, and three sidewalls 82a, 82b, 82c comprising a metal liner disposed on the front and sides of the pre-filter basket. A rear sidewall 84 of the pre-filter basket comprises two metal plates 84a, 82b extending partially inward from the corners, with an open gap disposed between them. The solid top surface and two metal plates of the rear sidewall are connected via hinge structures 85, to allow the solid top surface 83 to swing open or rotate in an upward arc upon pulling up on the handle.

[0109] To install the pre-filter basket onto the plug mounting structure, the rear two metal plates 84a,b of the pre-filter basket 80 are aligned with the rear upwardly expanding wall of the plug mounting structure and attached to each other by clamps, welding, fasteners (e.g. bolts, rivets, or screws), or by any other means of connecting two metal surfaces together. Additional foam filter sheets 54 may be placed on the inside surfaces of the pre-filter basket sidewalls 82a, 82b, 82c, and foam filter blocks 55 may be inserted within the insert box 51 to further prevent entry of any rocks, dirt, or debris that may pass through the initial metal liner sidewalls of the pre-filter basket 80.

[0110] In alternative embodiments of the filter insert assembly 50′, more than one plug 60 and associated holding sleeve 53 may be installed within a plug mounting structure 51′, as shown in FIGS. 4A-4B. All remaining structures of the filter insert assembly 50′ mimic that of the first embodiment insert assembly 50. This insert assembly 50′ has a greater capacity to handle higher volumes of water and oil flow therethrough, and is additionally capable of absorbing more than a single plug embodiment counterpart. If the opposing sidewalls 52a, 52b are triangular as in the embodiment depicted in FIG. 4B, then no baseplate 57 will be present, or front wall 52c will act as the baseplate. The insert assembly 50′ includes the pre-filter basket 80 and associated features as previously described, including the connection structure and rotatable actions.

[0111] An example in-situ installation of the plug and assemblies 50, 50′ is depicted in FIGS. 3A-5B. While FIGS. 5A-5B show example installations of the filter insert assembly 50, embodiment 50′ may be installed in a similar manner without necessitating much modification. Once the plug 60 is installed within the plug mounting structure 51 or 51′ (into the sleeve 53), the assembly is placed in a hole dug into and beneath an existing floor/liner 71 (such as, but not limited to, bentonite, or other clay-based liners) so that the top surface of the mounting structure sits flush with the liner/floor. The pre-filter basket 80 lays just above the liner/floor 71, with the pre-filter basket sidewalls extending perpendicularly upward from the liner/floor. The flanges 56a extending from the plug mounting structure top surface lie just underneath the liner upon installation, and the upwardly expanding wall on the fourth (rear) side of the plug mounting structure sits flush against the fiberglass containment wall 70. The batten strips 56 are placed around the plug mounting structure on top of the flanges 56a so that the liner 71 is straddled between the flanges and batten strips. Fasteners are used to secure the batten strips to the mounting structure flanges with the liner disposed between, and to secure the rear upwardly expanding wall to the fiberglass containment wall, all which holds the plug mounting structure securely in place. The plug portion of the assembly extends beneath and past the containment wall into a drainage pit 72 filled with crushed stone, or any other suitable material such as sand, river stone, etc., located on the side of the containment wall opposite the assembly.

[0112] A fuller exemplified cross-sectional side view, and top-down view of the in-situ installation of the drainage system is shown in FIGS. 5A-5B, respectfully, where multiple assemblies 50 (or 50′ if so desired) are installed along the same containment wall 70. These arrayed installations may be seen at larger scale power plants. Each plug sleeve 53 traversing through wall 70 is attached to a drainage pipe 62, which all connect to a main drainage pipe leading into a sump 64. In embodiment 50′ of FIGS. 4A-4B, two drainage pipes 62 will be connected to the two plug sleeves 53 protruding from the plug mounting structure 51′. Filtered water that successfully traverses through the assemblies 50, 50′ are fed into the sump via the drainage pipe 62. A fitting may further be attached to the drainage pipe 62 that allows for drainage to another area or pump as water continues to accumulate within the sump 64.

[0113] The assemblies 50, 50′ of the present invention are not limited strictly to power plants or tank farms (facilities used for the storage of oils or chemicals) with bentonite floor liners, but may also be installed in such locations utilizing concrete floors or fabric-lined floors, among other types of floor material.

[0114] The installed filter insert assembly serves the purpose of filtering oil or fluid that mixes with rain water or other liquids in the event of a spill. As the combined oil and water begins to flow within the power plant, rocks and other debris may be picked up and heterogeneously mixed with the combined oil/water. As this heterogeneous mixture flows into the assembly, the pre-filter basket separates the rocks and other large debris from the oil/water mixture and prevents them from entering the inside of the assembly, where they would otherwise clog the plug.

[0115] The remaining water and oil mixture entering the assembly runs down and into the plug at the bottom of the plug mounting structure, where the oil is absorbed/adsorbed by the filter media located inside of the plug. The remaining filtered water traverses out through the plug and into the drainage pit located on the other side of the containment wall. The filter media and plug functionality are described in greater detail in the aforementioned Incorporated Disclosures.

Trench Box Embodiment:

[0116] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, as depicted in FIGS. 6A-8G, a plug structure and filtering material, such as that of the aforementioned Incorporated Disclosures, is installed into a trench filtration assembly 100, 100′, or 100″ designed to hold the filter media plug within a sleeve secured to a housing 110 and a trench box 118, the assembly 100-100″ which is installed into a trench 130 below surface level. The sleeve 60 is secured to the housing such that no water may escape around the outside of the sleeve, and any water entering into the assembly must exit through the sleeve 60 and filter media plug disposed therein. An alternate embodiment of the plug material used herein may include a mixture of the polymers disclosed in the Incorporated Disclosures for the absorption/adsorption of synthetic ester-based fluids and a filter media for the absorption/adsorption of regular mineral oils.

[0117] Trench filtration assemblies 100-100″ include the housing 110 with a front end and rear end, the assemblies 100-100″ further having an aluminum top panel 112 movably connected to the top surface of the housing, a mounting bracket 114, 114′, or 114″, a gasket 116 disposed between the bracket 114-114″ and trench box 118, and a pre-filter material 120, 121 disposed within the trench box. Trench box 118 may further include a removable grate 119 disposed within the confines of the box for preventing passage of rocks and debris through the trench box's outer walls. The size and shape of the trench filtration assembly 100-100″ may be of any suitable configuration specific to each instance of installation, with no negative impact on its functionality. The dimensions of the trench 130 will dictate the configuration and dimensions of the assembly 100.

[0118] The trench filtration assembly may be assembled in a variety of ways, as exemplified across embodiments 100-100″ of the trench filtration assembly. For example, a first embodiment of the assembly 100 employs the trench box 118 bolted into the mounting bracket 114, which is secured to the front end of the housing 110, as presented in FIGS. 6A-6G. During installation, the media plug sleeve 60 is placed in the trench and runs through a barrier within the trench 130, i.e., a stone or concrete wall, liner, or any other non-permeable surface. One end of the plug sleeve 60 sits within the rear end of housing 110, while the other end discharges filtered water past the trench 130 barrier, typically into a drainage pipe running to an outside drain. Trench box housing 110 encloses the plug within itself in a fluid-tight seal. In all embodiments 100-100″, top panel 112 may be rotated to an open position or removed for easy access to the plug within the sleeve 60, thus facilitating replacement once the filter media within the plug is used up or clogged.

[0119] Mounting bracket 114 is installed onto the outer face of housing 110, with the body of mounting bracket 114 being enclosed within the housing. A gasket 116 is placed around the outer perimeter of the mounting bracket 114. Pre-filter material 120 and additional filtration media 121 are then disposed within the trench box 118, which is then inserted into the housing 110 and secured to the bracket 114 via bolts (the trench box insertion shown by the dashed arrow in FIG. 6D). Gasket 116 seals off the inside of housing 110 after bracket 114 is installed to prevent any water from bypassing the pre-filter and additional filter materials 120, 121 located both inside of the housing 110 and trench box 118. The gasket 116 and grate 119 of the trench box 118 ensure that no rocks or other debris will build up inside of the housing 110 or box 118 and create clogging.

[0120] In a second embodiment of the trench filtration assembly 100′, mounting bracket 114′ has receiving grooves running along the side edges on the mounting bracket's 114′ outer perimeter, as demonstrated in FIGS. 7A-7G. Installation of the assembly 100′ is the same for all components except for how the trench box 118 is secured to the mounting bracket 114′. In this embodiment, flanges extending from the trench box 118 slideably fit within the mounting bracket 114′ receiving grooves to secure the box 118 in place upon installation (as shown by the dashed arrow in FIG. 7D). Gasket 116 ensures the connection between the box 118 and bracket 114′ is fluid-tight. Due to the nature of connection between the box 118 and bracket 114′, the body of the box 118 protrudes outside of the housing 110, instead of inside the housing 110 as it does in aforementioned first embodiment of the trench box assembly.

[0121] Another embodiment of the trench filtration assembly 100″ shown in FIGS. 8A-8G utilizes a mounting bracket 114″ connected to the trench box 118 via hinges located at either the top or bottom edge of the bracket 114″. Installation of the assembly 100″ is the same for all components except for how the trench box 118 is installed within the mounting bracket 114″. In this embodiment, trench box 118 can swing open and away in either an upward or downward arc from the housing 110 via the hinges located on the bracket 114″ (as shown by the dashed arrow in FIG. 8D). This allows for easy access and replacement of the plug within sleeve 60. Gasket 116 ensures the connection between the box 118 and bracket 114″ is fluid-tight. While the body of box 118 is shown protruding outside of housing 110 in this embodiment, the body of the box 118 may instead protrude inside of housing 110 and still properly swing out and away from housing 110 if the installer so desires.

[0122] After the trench filtration assembly 100-100″ is installed, a pre-filter grate 140 and associated pre-filter material 141 are installed above the trench box assembly, as demonstrated in FIGS. 9A-9B and further shown in each of FIGS. 6C, 7C, and 8C of the trench filtration assembly embodiments 100-100″, respectively. Pre-filter grate 140 is disposed between the top of the trench box assembly and bottom of the trench grate 132, and prevents introduction of any rocks, dirt, or other debris that would otherwise enter from above the assembly and block the flow of fluid.

Liner Pre-Filtration Assembly Embodiment:

[0123] In another embodiment of the present invention, as depicted in FIGS. 10-12, a non-permeable liner, berm, or curtain 71′ having a base and sidewalls is laid out around a power plant, truck stop, fueling station, or any other commercial location necessitating spill containment, to create a directed flow path for the flow of contaminated water/fluid. An opening is provided at some point along the liner or curtain sidewalls to allow for passage of fluid that first enters through a liner pre-filtration assembly 220-220″.

[0124] The liner pre-filtration assembly 220-220″ is installed over the opening in the liner, represented as containment liner material 230, inside the slots area of the liner. Each pre-filtration assembly 220-220″ is comprised of the same variations of components: a grated/permeable liner box 222-222″ for collecting and holding debris, a mounting bracket 224-224″ for attaching the liner box to the assembly, a grated/permeable mounting box 226-226″ acting as the rear wall of the assembly installed behind the liner wall 230, and posts 228 to receive and secure the mounting box 226-226″ disposed behind the containment liner material 230. A pre-filter grating 232 is installed over the outer, front facing surface of the liner box 222-222″. In all instances, the liner box 222-222″ is connected to the assembly such that a fluid/oil-tight seal is formed on the box sides and bottom (at the floor) to prevent passage of such fluid/oil and other debris through the liner in a manner that circumvents the assembly 220-220″. The liner box 222-222″ may further be angled in a manner similar to liner box 222′″ described below, and should not be construed as being limited to its angle of protrusion shown in FIGS. 10-12.

[0125] Once the assembly 220-220″ is fully installed, a gravel guard 234 formed in a crescent shape (or any other suitable bracket shape) is disposed in front of the installed assembly to provide further filtration and prevent blockage from rocks and debris swept up by the moving water/fluid. The gravel guard 234 is permeable in such a way that allows for fluid to pass through, but larger stone, dirt, and other debris cannot. The differences across each embodiment of the assembly 220-220″ involve the means of connecting the liner box 222-222″ to the mounting bracket 224-224″, and the design of the mounting box 226-226″. An advantage of installing the liner filtration assembly 220-220″ is an increased flow rate through the assembly due to the increased area for allowable flow. The filtration assembly 220-220″ may be up to two feet long and 12 inches high from the liner floor, but other dimensions of the assembly may be used depending on the particular needs and dimensions of the installation site.

[0126] In pre-filtration assembly 220 as shown in FIG. 10, the liner box 222 is formed with a recess having four sidewalls and a permeable base, protruding in the direction towards the rear of the assembly. Mounting box 226 is formed in a similar fashion, having a recess with four sidewalls and a permeable base also protruding towards the rear. Liner box 222 is bolted into the mounting bracket 224, the bolts which further extend through the liner material 230 and mounting box 226 to secure the aforementioned components together, all of which are bolted into the posts 228. Once the components are secured together as described above, the protruding recess of the liner box 222 will traverse through the bracket 224, liner material 230, and into the recess of mounting box 226. The remainder of the assembly is formed as generally described above.

[0127] In the pre-filtration assembly 220′ as shown in FIG. 11, the liner box 222′ is formed with a recess having four sidewalls and a permeable base, protruding in the direction towards the front of the assembly, and flanges extending from the edges of the sidewalls. Mounting box 226′ is formed as one flat planar piece, with a permeable grate comprising its midsection. Liner box 222′ is slideably received into the top of the mounting bracket 224′ via slots extending along the side edges of the bracket that receive the liner box 222′ flanges. Bolts are used to connect the liner box 222′ and bracket 224′ assembly to the mounting box 226′, the bolts which further extend through the bracket, liner material 230, and mounting box 226′ to secure the aforementioned components together, the resultant assembly which is then bolted into the posts 228. The remainder of the assembly is formed as generally described above.

[0128] In the pre-filtration assembly 220″ as shown in FIG. 12, the liner box 222″ is formed with a recess having four sidewalls and a permeable base, protruding in the direction towards the front of the assembly. Mounting box 226″ is formed as one flat planar piece, with a permeable grate comprising its midsection. Liner box 222″ is rotatably secured into the bottom edge of the mounting bracket 224″, though liner box 222″ may also be hinged to the mounting bracket's top edge instead. Bolts are used to connect the liner box 222″ and bracket 224″ assembly to the mounting box 226″, the bolts which further extend through the bracket, liner material 230, and mounting box 226″ to secure the aforementioned components together, the resultant assembly which is then bolted into posts 228. The remainder of the assembly is formed as generally described above.

[0129] Still a further embodiment of a pre-filtration assembly 220′″ shown in FIGS. 13-16 presents a mounting wall 226′″ having an opening 226a′″, the mounting wall secured to the posts 228 via bolts, welding, rivets, screws, or any other suitable connecting means. Opening 226a′″ may include a permeable grate 229 for preventing larger particles (e.g. rocks) from traversing through the mounting wall opening 226a′″, as shown in FIGS. 15-16. Mounting wall 226′″ presents mounting brackets 224′″ on its rear side (i.e. fluid egress side) for receiving a liner box 222″. Liner box 222′″ (which may contain the previously described filtration media therein) may be received into the top of the mounting wall brackets 224′″ via slots extending along the side edges of the bracket that receive the liner box 222′″ flanges in a sliding fit, and may be removed in a similar manner, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 14. Alternatively, liner box 222′″ may be received into the mounting wall 226′″ via bolts, screws, adhesive, or via a hinged connection. The mounting wall 226′″ may alternatively be installed/cast in environments other than or exclusive of a non-permeable liner, berm, or curtain, such as aluminum (or other types of metal) walls/structures, concrete, stone, dirt, wood, ceramic, brick, plaster, and the like. The posts 228 are not necessitated in securing the mounting wall 226′ to environments rigid enough to otherwise support it.

[0130] A basin 226b′″ extends perpendicularly from the front side (i.e. fluid ingress side) of the mounting wall 226′″ and sits 2-6 inches deep with respect to the bottom surface of the non-permeable liner, berm, or curtain 71′ (or other install environment as previously described), but may have deeper/shallower depths dependent on the install location. This basin 226b′″ assists in collecting unfiltered fluid, and in feeding said unfiltered fluid through the opening 226a′″ into the liner box 222′″ (providing up to 50% head pressure due to its angling nature).

[0131] Batten strips 56′ may also be provided for disposal over an edge/lip 227 of the basin, and may further run up the mounting wall 226′″, such that the non-permeable liner, berm, or curtain is secured onto the lip 227 and mounting wall 226′″ via the batten strips 56′ once the pre-filtration assembly 220′″ is installed (FIGS. 14-16). These batten strips 56′ may be secured in place with bolts, screws, rivets, nails, welding, adhesive, or any other suitable connecting means. The use of these batten strips ensure a water-tight seal between the pre-filtration assembly and the non-permeable liner, and prevents the occurrence of any unwanted leakage forming underneath the pre-filtration assembly (which would otherwise bypass the assembly entirely). These batten strips will not be necessary in the event the mounting wall 226′″ is installed in an environment exclusive of a non-permeable liner (e.g. aluminum, concrete, etc. as described above).

[0132] The front side of the mounting wall 226′″ further presents flanges 226c′″ for receiving the pre-filter grating 232, which secures a pre-filter material 232a between the pre-filter grating 232 and opening 226a′″ for the filtration/stoppage of larger particles (e.g. dirt, rocks, etc.), thus preventing such particles from traversing through the opening 226a′″.

[0133] The liner box 222′″ may further be secured against the mounting wall 226′″ via thumb screws or knobs 222a′″ disposed near the peripheral edges of the mounting brackets 224′″. Rotation of these thumb screws or knobs 222a′″ will push/pull a post 222b′″ disposed on the knobs into/away from the mounting wall 226′″, dependent on the rotational direction of the knobs 222a′″. When the knobs are rotated and the posts are pushed in, the liner box 222′″ is contacted by the posts and pushed further into the mounting wall. A pressure is thus applied between the liner box and the mounting wall to better secure the liner box in place and create a water-tight seal. A gasket may further be disposed between the liner box and mounting wall to enforce this seal.

[0134] The liner box 222′″ may be angled at approximately 10°-30°, with respect to the mounting wall 226′″. This angle assists in the expulsion of egressing filtered fluid from the liner filtration assembly 220′″, and further assists in creating contact between the ingressing fluid and the filter media disposed within the liner box 222′″. Under high-flow conditions, the pre-filtration assembly 220′″ may filter and bypass between 8-12 gallons (approx. 30-45 liters) of fluid per minute.

[0135] A bypass valve may further be included, either on the mounting wall 226′″, on the liner box 222′″, in the basin 226b′″, anywhere else on the pre-filtration assembly 220′″, or just outside of the pre-filtration assembly (e.g. anywhere in the surrounding install environment, such as the adjacent berm, aluminum, concrete, etc. walls). This bypass valve may be engaged to allow for a quick drain of accumulating fluid in the event of overflow, or some otherwise catastrophic event that results in an excessive amount of water accumulation in the containing environment.

[0136] Once the pre-filtration assembly 220-220′″ is in place, a redirecting drainage pipe may be installed at the rear (egressing side) of the assembly 220-220′″ adjacent to the mounting box 226-226″ or mounting wall 226′″. In this manner, filtered fluid may be redirected to an outside sump, drainage pool, or the like, depending on the installer needs.

[0137] The present invention provides one or more of the following advantages: 1) a stormwater insert box or container for filtering oil sheen from high volumes of storm water introduced into a storm drain while preventing surface level puddling; 2) a stormwater insert box or container and shutoff valve assembly capable of allowing bypass flow once the volume entering the container exceeds a certain threshold; 3) an angled filter insert assembly for a filter media plug for filtering ester-based fluid spills at energy plants, and for easy drainage of the filtered water into a location outside of the plant; 4) a trench filtration assembly for a filter media plug for insertion into a water runoff trench for filtering oil, gas, and debris from a flow of water that allows for higher flow rates; and 5) a liner pre-filtration assembly for a filter media for installation within a non-permeable liner or curtain for filtration of oil, gas, and debris collected by water runoff that allows for higher flow rates.

[0138] While the present invention has been particularly described, in conjunction with one or more specific embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is therefore contemplated that the appended claims will embrace any such alternatives, modifications and variations as falling within the true scope and spirit of the present invention.