Abstract
The invention relates to a ceiling formwork and a method for producing a ceiling element, comprising the following steps: arranging two ceiling supports on a floor, connecting a first end region of a ceiling formwork frame to the two ceiling supports such that the ceiling formwork frame is arranged in an intermediate position inclined downward from the first end region in the direction of a second end region, connecting a lost ceiling plate to the ceiling formwork frame arranged in the intermediate position, pivoting the second end region of the ceiling formwork frame up, together with the lost ceiling plate, supporting the second end region of the ceiling formwork frame that has been pivoted up by at least one additional ceiling support and casting the ceiling element, together with the lost ceiling plate, on the ceiling formwork frame.
Claims
1. A method for producing a ceiling element, having the following steps: arranging two ceiling supports on a floor, connecting a first end region of a ceiling formwork frame to the two ceiling supports such that the ceiling formwork frame is arranged in an intermediate position inclined downwards from the first end region in a direction of a second end region, connecting a lost ceiling panel to the ceiling formwork frame arranged in the intermediate position, pivoting up the second end region of the ceiling formwork frame together with the lost ceiling panel, supporting the second end region of the pivoted-up ceiling formwork frame with at least one further ceiling support, and casting the ceiling element together with the lost ceiling panel on the ceiling formwork frame.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lost ceiling panel is placed into a holder of the ceiling formwork frame for connection to the ceiling formwork frame.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ceiling formwork frame is held automatically in the intermediate position, wherein the second end region of the ceiling formwork frame together with the lost ceiling panel is spaced from the floor.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second end region of the ceiling formwork frame together with the lost ceiling panel is pivoted up from the intermediate position using an installation pole.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein an anti-lift means is provided between the ceiling supports and the ceiling formwork frame, with which anti-lift means the ceiling formwork frame is secured in the pivoted-up position of the ceiling formwork frame, against lifting off from the ceiling supports.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ceiling formwork frame comprises two longitudinal sides and two transverse sides, wherein at least one transverse rib extending substantially in the direction of the transverse sides is provided.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least two ceiling formwork frames, each with a respective lost ceiling panel, are arranged next to each other in the pivoted-up position before the ceiling element together with the lost ceiling panels is cast onto the ceiling formwork frames.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein an interstice between mutually facing side faces of the respective lost ceiling panels is filled with a filling compound after casting of the ceiling element.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein a sealing strip is arranged along adjacent edge regions on the upper faces of the respective lost ceiling panels before casting.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ceiling formwork frame is brought into the intermediate position after the ceiling element has cured.
11. The method according to claim 6, wherein the ceiling formwork frame comprises an elevation along at least one of the longitudinal sides and the transverse sides.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
(1) FIG. 1 shows a view of a ceiling formwork having four ceiling formwork frames together with lost ceiling panels in the horizontal use position or formwork installation position thereof.
(2) FIG. 2 shows one of the ceiling formwork frames in an intermediate position during construction of the ceiling formwork according to FIG. 1, wherein the first end region of the ceiling formwork frame is connected to two ceiling supports, while the second, opposite end region of the ceiling formwork frame is in the vicinity of the floor.
(3) FIG. 3 shows the ceiling formwork frame according to FIG. 2 after the lost ceiling panel has been laid.
(4) FIG. 4 shows the ceiling formwork frame according to FIGS. 1 to 3 in the pivoted-up use position supported on four ceiling supports in total.
(5) FIG. 5 shows a variant in which the second end region of the ceiling formwork frame in the pivoted-up position is initially supported only at one corner region with the first of the two further ceiling supports, in order to bring an adjacent further ceiling formwork frame into the same position first and then to use the second of the two further ceiling supports to support the adjacent corner region of the ceiling formwork frames.
(6) FIG. 6 shows a view of the ceiling formwork frame without a lost ceiling panel.
(7) FIG. 7 shows a view of the ceiling formwork frame with a lost ceiling panel.
(8) FIGS. 8 and 9 show side views of the ceiling formwork frame with a lost ceiling panel.
(9) FIG. 10 shows a sectional view along the line X-X in FIG. 1.
(10) FIG. 11 shows the ceiling element after the casting process, wherein an interstice between two lost ceiling panels has been filled with filling compound.
(11) FIG. 12 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of an alternative embodiment of the ceiling formwork, in which the mutually adjacent edge regions of the lost ceiling panels are provided with sealing strips before casting.
(12) FIG. 13 shows a sectional view along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12.
(13) FIG. 14 shows a detail of the ceiling element which is obtained when the ceiling formwork of FIGS. 12 and 13 is used.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(14) FIG. 1 shows a ceiling formwork 1 for concreting a ceiling element 2 (see FIGS. 12 and 14). The ceiling formwork 1 comprises two ceiling supports 3 for supporting a first (longitudinal) end region 4 of a ceiling formwork frame 5 and two further ceiling supports 6 for supporting a second end region 7 of the ceiling formwork frame 5. On the ceiling formwork frame 5 there is arranged a lost ceiling panel 8 which therefore remains in the ceiling formwork element 2 after concreting. Accordingly, the ceiling panel 8 is designed in the form of a lost formwork.
(15) In the exemplary embodiment shown, the ceiling formwork 1 comprises three further ceiling formwork frames 9 on which further lost ceiling panels 10 are arranged. The further ceiling formwork frames together with further lost ceiling panels 10 are supported on additional ceiling supports 11. Preferably, the further ceiling formwork frames 9 are designed correspondingly to the ceiling formwork frame 5, and the further lost ceiling panels 10 are designed correspondingly to the lost ceiling panel 8. The ceiling supports 3, further ceiling supports 6 and additional ceiling supports 11 can likewise be designed identical.
(16) The construction of the ceiling formwork 1 can be seen in FIGS. 2 to 5.
(17) In the first step, the two ceiling supports 3 are supported on a floor 12 (cf. FIG. 1), which is formed for example by the underlying story of a building to be erected using the ceiling formwork 1. Such ceiling supports 3 are well-known in the prior art. In the embodiment shown, each ceiling support 3 comprises an upper ceiling support part 13 and a lower ceiling support part 14, which are adjustable relative to each other in the vertical direction in order to set the height (i.e. the vertical extent) of the ceiling support 3 depending on the application. The ceiling support 3 comprises a bolting device 15 for bolting the upper ceiling support part 13 into different height positions relative to the lower ceiling support part 14. The bolting device 15 can comprise a bracket 16 which can be inserted through corresponding holding openings 17 spaced from each other in the vertical direction in the upper ceiling support part 13. At the upper end region of the ceiling support 3 there is also provided a head part 18, which is designed for detachable connection to the first end region 4 of the ceiling formwork frame 5. In addition, an anti-lift means can be provided on the heads of the ceiling supports 3 on which the ceiling formwork frame 5 is supported, with which the ceiling formwork frame 5 is secured in the pivoted-up position of the ceiling formwork frame 5, against lifting off from the ceiling supports 3.
(18) As can be seen in particular in FIGS. 2 and 6, the ceiling formwork frame 5 in the embodiment shown is designed rectangular with two opposing longitudinal sides 19 and two opposing transverse sides 20 when viewed from above. There are longitudinal frame parts 21 on the longitudinal sides 19 and transverse frame parts 22 on the transverse sides 20. Furthermore, the ceiling formwork frame 5 comprises multiple transverse ribs 23, which extend parallel to the transverse frame parts 22 on the transverse sides 20 of the ceiling formwork frame 5.
(19) After the ceiling supports 3 have been arranged in the vertical supporting position on the floor 12, the first end region 4 of the ceiling formwork frame 5 is fitted (hooked) into the head parts 18 of the ceiling supports 3. In the process, the ceiling formwork frame 3 is arranged in an intermediate position inclined downwards starting from the first end region 4 towards the second end region 7. The ceiling formwork frame 5 can be held automatically (independently) in the intermediate position, depending on the embodiment.
(20) In the next step (cf. FIG. 3), the lost ceiling panel 8 is connected to the ceiling formwork frame 5 which is arranged in the intermediate position. To this end, the lost ceiling panel 8 is placed into a holder 25 of the ceiling formwork frame 5, which holder 25 can be seen in detail in FIGS. 6 and 10. The holder 25 comprises a bearing face 26 on which the lost ceiling panel 8 is placed and a holding ridge 27 for enclosing the lost ceiling panel 8 on the longitudinal and/or transverse sides.
(21) In the next step, the ceiling formwork frame 5 together with the lost ceiling panel 8 is pivoted up into the horizontal use position according to FIG. 4 with the aid of the installation pole 24. The second end region 7 of the ceiling formwork frame 5 is supported with the two further ceiling supports 6. To this end, the head parts 18 of the further ceiling supports 6 are connected to the second end region 7 of the ceiling formwork frame 5.
(22) FIG. 5 shows a further intermediate position of the ceiling formwork frame 5, which is preferably assumed when at least two ceiling formwork frames 5 are positioned next to one another (as shown in FIG. 1). In this embodiment, the second end region 7 of the ceiling formwork frame 5 is initially supported in the pivoted-up position only with the first of the two further ceiling supports 6 and preferably secured with the aid of the installation pole 24. The adjacent further ceiling formwork frame 9 is then arranged in the pivoted-up position. Finally, the second of the further ceiling supports 6 is connected to the free corner regions of the ceiling formwork frame 5 or of the further ceiling formwork frame 9.
(23) In this manner, the ceiling formwork 1 is constructed as shown in FIG. 1. In the use position, the ceiling element 2 including the lost ceiling panel 8 (and, depending on the embodiment, a number of further ceiling panels 10) is finally cast. The ceiling element 2 therefore comprises an upper concrete layer 28, on the lower face of which the lost ceiling panel 8 (and any further ceiling panels 10; cf. FIG. 11) is arranged. To ensure a permanent bond between the lost ceiling panel 8 and the concrete layer 28, the ceiling panel 8 preferably comprises a material which itself bonds to the concrete of the concrete layer 8 in the liquid state. Alternatively, the ceiling panel 8 can comprise a roughened upper face or surface structures forming depressions or elevations, e.g. lugs, by means of which the ceiling panel 8 is held with the concrete layer 28 by a form fit.
(24) During concreting, an interstice 29 is formed between mutually facing side faces 30 of the lost ceiling panels 8, 10. After the ceiling element 2 has been cast, the interstice 29 can be filled with a filling compound 31 (see FIGS. 11 and 14). The advantage of this is that a concrete burr 32 in the butt join region of adjacent ceiling formwork frames 5, 9 can be concealed inside the filling compound 31 so that laborious scraping off of the concrete bead 32, as is the case for a reusable formwork with multiple butt-joined shuttering panels, can be omitted.
(25) FIGS. 12 to 14 show an alternative variant; only the differences from the variant of FIGS. 1 to 11 are explained below.
(26) In this embodiment, at least one sealing strip 33 is arranged only along adjacent edge regions 34 on the upper faces 35 of the lost ceiling panels 8, 10 before the ceiling element 2 is cast. The sealing strip 33 therefore bridges the interstice 29.
