FILTER APPARATUS FOR USE IN AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SAMPLE FOR A CHEMICAL OR COMPOSITION ANALYSIS

Abstract

The present invention relates to a filter apparatus (1) for use in an automated system (100) for the preparation of a fluid sample for a chemical or composition analysis. The filter apparatus (1) comprises an inlet portion (2) with a conduit (3) ending in an entry port (4) for receiving the sample in an unfiltered state; a septum (5) held at and closing the entry port (4) of the conduit (3) of the inlet portion (2); an outlet portion (6) with a channel (7) for dispensing the filtered sample to a receptacle (70); and an intermediate portion (8) having a filter chamber (9) in fluid connection with the conduit (3) of the inlet portion (2) and with the channel (7) of the outlet portion (6) and a filter layer (10). The filter chamber (9) of the intermediate portion (8) has a diameter larger than a diameter of the conduit (3) of the inlet portion (2) and than a diameter of the channel (7) of the outlet portion (6). The filter layer (10) extends through the filter chamber (9) such that the conduit (3) of the inlet portion (2) is separated from the channel (7) of the outlet portion (6) by the filter layer (10). The present invention also deals with an automated system (100) for the preparation of a sample for a chemical or composition analysis and with a correlated method of preparing such a sample. The automated system (100) comprises an injection head (50) for the injection of an amount of sample in a receptacle (70) and a filter apparatus (1) as above introduced. The injection head (50) is equipped with a needle (51) adapted to be affixed to the filter apparatus (1) by piercing a septum (5) of the filter apparatus (1).

Claims

1. A filter apparatus for use in an automated system for the preparation of a fluid sample for a chemical or composition analysis comprising: an inlet portion with a conduit ending in an entry port for receiving the fluid sample in an unfiltered state; a septum held at and closing the entry port of the conduit of the inlet portion; an outlet portion with a channel for dispensing the fluid sample in a filtered state to a receptacle; and an intermediate portion having a filter chamber in fluid connection with the conduit of the inlet portion and with the channel of the outlet portion, and a filter layer, wherein the filter chamber of the intermediate portion has a diameter larger than each of a diameter of the conduit of the inlet portion and a diameter of the channel of the outlet portion, and the filter layer of the intermediate portion extends through the filter chamber such that the conduit of the inlet portion is separated from the channel of the outlet portion by the filter layer.

2. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inlet portion and the outlet portion substantially extend along a longitudinal axis and, transversal to the longitudinal axis, the intermediate portion is wider than each of the inlet portion and the outlet portion.

3. The filter apparatus of claim 2, wherein the intermediate portion, the inlet portion and the outlet portion are each substantially cylindrically shaped.

4. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the intermediate portion is configured to remain in a fixed position relative to the outlet portion while the fluid sample is filtered through the filter layer.

5. The filter apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a distal piece with a flange section and a proximal piece with a flange section, wherein the inlet portion is formed in the distal piece, the outlet portion is formed in the proximal piece, the distal piece and the proximal piece are mounted to each other at the flange sections, and the flange section of the distal piece and the flange section of the proximal piece are configured to form the intermediate portion when the distal piece is mounted to the proximal piece.

6. The filter apparatus of claim 5, wherein the filter layer is clamped in between the distal piece and the proximal piece such that it extends across the filter chamber of the intermediate portion.

7. The filter apparatus of claim 5, wherein the flange section of the distal piece has a distribution structure and the flange section of the proximal piece has a distribution structure such that the distal and proximal walls of the filter chamber are equipped with the distribution structures when the distal piece is mounted to the proximal piece.

8. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the filter chamber is substantially liquid-tight.

9. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the filter layer has a surface area adapted to allow a complete filtration passage of the fluid sample received in the conduit of the inlet portion in a target time.

10. The filter apparatus of claim 9, wherein the surface area of the filter layer is in a range of about 300 mm.sup.2 to about 400 mm.sup.2 and/or the filter layer has a porosity in a range of about 0.02 μm to about 40 μm.

11. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outlet portion has a dispensing nozzle, the channel ends the dispensing nozzle, and the dispensing nozzle is configured to prevent formation of drops.

12. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the filter layer comprises a filter membrane.

13. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the filter chamber of the intermediate portion extends transversal to a direction of flow defined by the conduit of the inlet portion and the channel of the outlet portion.

14. The filter apparatus of claim 2, wherein the filter chamber of the intermediate portion extends transversal to a direction of flow defined by the conduit of the inlet portion and the channel of the outlet portion, and wherein the direction of flow extends essentially along the longitudinal axis.

15. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the filter chamber of the intermediate portion is at least two times larger than the diameter of the conduit of the inlet portion and the diameter of the channel of the outlet portion.

16. An automated system for the preparation of a fluid sample for a chemical or composition analysis, comprising: an injection head for the injection of an amount of the fluid sample in a receptacle; and a filter apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the injection head is equipped with a needle adapted to be affixed to the filter apparatus by piercing a septum of the filter apparatus.

17. The automated system of claim 16, wherein the same filter apparatus affixed to one needle of the injection head is employed for pipetting of one fluid sample into a series of distinct receptacles.

18. A method of automated preparation of a fluid sample for a chemical analysis by way of an automated system, wherein the automated system comprises an injection head for the injection of an amount of the fluid sample in a receptacle via a needle, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining a filter apparatus according to claim 1; preventively affixing the needle by piercing a septum of the filter apparatus; positioning the filter apparatus adjacent to the receptacle; and establishing a fluid connection between the needle of the injection head and the receptacle through the filter apparatus.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of substituting the filter apparatus after a programmed number of injection cycles.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The filter apparatus and the automated system for the preparation of a sample for a chemical or composition analysis adapted to employ such filter apparatus according to the invention are described in more detail herein below by way of an exemplary embodiment and with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

[0050] FIG. 1 shows a side view of a possible embodiment of a filter apparatus according to the present invention;

[0051] FIG. 2 shows a section view A-A of the filter apparatus of FIG. 1; and

[0052] FIGS. 3a-3c show, respectively, a top view, a bottom view and a lateral view of a distal piece with a flange section which is part of the filter apparatus of FIG. 1;

[0053] FIGS. 4a-4c show, respectively, a top view, a bottom view and a lateral view of a proximal piece with a flange section configured to be mounted to the distal piece of FIGS. 3a-3c;

[0054] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of an automated system for the preparation of a sample for a chemical or composition analysis according to the present invention, adapted to employ the filter apparatus of FIG. 1; and

[0055] FIG. 6 shows a view from top of the automated system of FIG. 5.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0056] In the following description certain terms are used for reasons of convenience and are not intended to limit the invention. The terms “right”, “left”, “up”, “down”, “under” and “above” refer to directions in the figures. The terminology comprises the explicitly mentioned terms as well as their derivations and terms with a similar meaning. Also, spatially relative terms, such as “beneath”, “below”, “lower”, “above”, “upper”, “proximal”, “distal”, and the like, may be used to describe one element's or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. These spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different positions and orientations of the devices in use or operation in addition to the position and orientation shown in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be “above” or “over” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both positions and orientations of above and below. The devices may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly. Likewise, descriptions of movement along and around various axes include various special device positions and orientations.

[0057] To avoid repetition in the figures and the descriptions of the various aspects and illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that many features are common to many aspects and embodiments. Omission of an aspect from a description or figure does not imply that the aspect is missing from embodiments that incorporate that aspect. Instead, the aspect may have been omitted for clarity and to avoid prolix description. In this context, the following applies to the rest of this description: If, in order to clarify the drawings, a figure contains reference signs which are not explained in the directly associated part of the description, then it is referred to previous or following description sections. Further, for reason of lucidity, if in a drawing not all features of a part are provided with reference signs it is referred to other drawings showing the same part. Like numbers in two or more figures represent the same or similar elements.

[0058] With reference to FIGS. 1 and 5, a filter apparatus 1 for use in an automated system 100 for the preparation of a sample for a chemical or composition analysis according to the present invention comprises an inlet portion 2, an outlet portion 6 and an intermediate portion 8.

[0059] As shown represented in FIG. 2, the inlet portion 2 comprises a conduit 3 ending in an entry port 4 for receiving an unfiltered fluid sample delivered by the automated system 100. In this specific case, the conduit 3 comprises a funnel-shaped section to better collect and direct the dosed fluid.

[0060] The outlet portion 6 comprises a channel 7 for dispensing the filtered sample to a receptacle 70, such as a vial. In the represented instance, the channel 7 has a substantially constant cylindrical section.

[0061] A septum 5 is held at, and closes, the entry port 4 of the conduit 3 of the inlet portion 2.

[0062] Also in the section view of FIG. 2, it is exemplified how the substantially cylindrical intermediate portion 8 has a filter chamber 9 which is in fluid connection with the conduit 3 of the inlet portion 2 and with the channel 7 of the outlet portion 6.

[0063] The filter chamber 9 of the intermediate portion 8 extends transversal to a direction of flow F defined by the conduit 3 of the inlet portion 2 and the channel 7 of the outlet portion 6.

[0064] The inlet portion 2 and the outlet portion 6 substantially extend along a longitudinal axis C-C. Transversal to the longitudinal axis C-C, the intermediate portion 8 is wider than the inlet portion 2 and than the outlet portion 6.

[0065] A filter layer 10, in the form of a membrane, extends through the filter chamber 9 such that the conduit 3 of the inlet portion 2 is separated from the channel 7 of the outlet portion 6 by the filter layer 10.

[0066] Thus, the fluid sample, having been dosed into the entry port 4, is conveyed via the conduit 3 to the liquid-tight filter chamber 9 and, once completely filtered by the filter layer 10, is then fully carried through the channel 7 to be ultimately dispensed to a receptacle 70.

[0067] For the dispensing purpose, the outlet portion 6 is provided with a dispensing nozzle 15, the channel 7 ending the dispensing nozzle 15. The dispensing nozzle 15 is aptly configured to prevent the formation of drops.

[0068] The diameter of the filter chamber 9 of the intermediate portion 8 is larger than the diameter of the widest section of the funnel-shaped conduit 3 of the inlet portion 2 and than the diameter of the channel 7 of the outlet portion 6.

[0069] As it can be appreciated from FIGS. 2, 3c and 4c, in the present embodiment the inlet portion 2 is formed in a distal piece 18, whereas the outlet portion 6 is formed in a proximal piece 19. The distal piece 18 is formed with a flange section 11 and the proximal piece 19 with a flange section 12. The distal piece 18 and the proximal piece 19 are mounted to each other at the flange sections 11, 12, such that the intermediate portion 8 is formed in the mounted configuration. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the filter chamber 9 is created by two matching recesses respectively in the flange section 11 and in the flange section 12.

[0070] In such mounted configuration, the filter layer 10 is clamped in between the distal piece 18 and the proximal piece 19 such that it extends across the filter chamber 9 of the intermediate portion 8.

[0071] As represented in FIGS. 2, 3b and 4b, the flange section 11 of the distal piece 18 has a distribution structure 13 and the flange section 12 of the proximal piece 19 has a distribution structure 14. Thus, the distal and proximal walls of the filter chamber 9 are equipped with the distribution structures 13, 14, when the distal piece 18 is mounted to the proximal piece 19. In the specific embodiment portrayed, the distribution structures 13, 14 take the form of wedge-shaped circular sectors integrating concentric distribution grooves 16. Each circular sector is separated from adjacent circular sectors by radial grooves 17 opening into each of the concentric distribution grooves 16. Thus, grooves 16 and 17 form a network of distribution sulci which guarantee a uniform spreading of the fluid sample to be filtered over the whole surface of the filter layer 10.

[0072] The intermediate portion 8 is configured to remain in a fixed position relative to the outlet portion 6 while the unfiltered sample is filtered through the filter layer 10.

[0073] The present invention also relates to an automated system 100 for the preparation of a sample for a chemical or composition analysis, comprising an injection head 50 for the injection of an amount of sample in a receptacle 70 and a filter apparatus 1 as above described. A possible embodiment for such an automated system is represented in FIGS. 5 and 6.

[0074] The automated system 100 comprises a handling robot 40; a ball mill apparatus 20; an injection head 50, also designatable as dosing apparatus 50; a filter dispenser 60 and a sample processing unit 80.

[0075] The automated system 100 is equipped with a platform 110 on which several components are positioned. The platform 110 has height adjustable feet which allow for aligning the platform 110 such that it lies in an essentially horizontal plane.

[0076] The handling robot 40 has a vertical stand 44 which is equipped with vertically extending parallel rails 41. On the rails 41 an arm unit 42 is slidably mounted such that the arm unit 42 can vertically move along the rails 41. The arm unit 42 has a cylinder portion, which is pivotable about a vertical axis and an arm 421 with joints ending in gripping fingers 422.

[0077] The ball mill apparatus 20 has an agitating station 21 which is positioned at a left hand side of the platform 110. It further has an extraction tube rack 22 which extends along the complete front side of the platform 110. The dosing apparatus 50 and the sample processing unit 80 are positioned between the agitating station 21 of the ball mill apparatus 20 and the stand 44 of the handling robot 40. The dosing apparatus 50 has two needles 51 and two sucking pumps 52, wherein each pump 52 is coupled to one of the needles 51 by a flexible tube.

[0078] In FIG. 6 the automated system 100 is shown top down. Thereby, it can be seen that the filter dispenser 60 has a filter storage 61 positioned left hand aside the platform 110 and a filter disposer 62 positioned left hand aside the dosing apparatus 50. The extraction tube rack 22 forms the front of the automated system 100 and the other components, i.e. the agitating station 21, the dosing apparatus 50, the sample processing unit 80, the handling robot 40 are arranged behind the extraction tube rack 22.

[0079] A vial rack 30 is also arranged behind the extraction tube rack 22, on platform 110. The vial rack 30 has recesses in which glass vials 70 are received as receptacles. The vials 70 are meant to house the fluid sample once filtered, that is ready for analysis, e.g. by HPLC.

[0080] The handling robot 40 takes a container of fluid sample, possibly already partially processed by the sample processing unit 80, with its gripping fingers 422 and places it into one of the extraction tubes pre-positioned in the extraction tube rack 22. The handling robot 40 then relocates the extraction tube into the agitating station 21 of the ball mill apparatus 20. There the sample material is grinded thanks to the movement imparted by a drive agitating the extraction tube and in particular by grinding balls.

[0081] After the sample has been grinded, the extraction tube is relocated into the extraction tube rack 22 where it is ready for further preparation by the sample processing unit 80.

[0082] The fluid sample, thus broken-down and reduced by the agitating station 21 and processed by the sample processing unit 80, is ready to be sucked by the injection head, or dosing apparatus, 50 via needles 51 under the sucking action of pumps 52.

[0083] At least one of the needles 51 is adapted to be affixed to a filter apparatus 1 which is summoned from the filter storage 61 of the filter dispenser 60 and pre-arranged by the filter disposer 62 for the needle 51 to pierce its septum 5.

[0084] The affixing of the needle 51 to the filter apparatus 1 is obtained by the needle 51 piercing a septum 5 of the filter apparatus 1.

[0085] The injection head 50 positions then the filter apparatus 1 adjacent to a receptacle 70, such as a vial, and a fluid connection is established between the needle 51 of the injection head 50 and the vial 70 through the filter apparatus 1.

[0086] The prepared fluid sample material is thus transferred from the injection head 50 to the vial 70 through the filter apparatus 1 provided by the filter dispenser 60, so that it can be then analysed in an appropriate HPLC equipment.

[0087] As mentioned, the filter apparatus 1 is preferably disposable. However, the same filter apparatus 1 can be employed for establishing a fluid connection between the needle 51 of the injection head 50 and a series of different receptacles 70, distributing one filtrate into multiple receptacles. The filter apparatus 1 can be designed to be substituted only after a programmed number of injection cycles, whether the injection or dosing happens in just one receptacle 70 or is distributed into several distinct receptacles 70.

[0088] This description and the accompanying drawings that illustrate aspects and embodiments of the present invention should not be taken as limiting the claims defining the protected invention. In other words, while the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive. Various mechanical, compositional, structural, electrical, and operational changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this description and the claims. In some instances, well-known circuits, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure the invention. Thus, it will be understood that changes and modifications may be made by those of ordinary skill within the scope and spirit of the following claims. In particular, the present invention covers further embodiments with any combination of features from different embodiments described above and below.

[0089] The disclosure also covers all further features shown in the Figs. individually although they may not have been described in the afore or following description. Also, single alternatives of the embodiments described in the figures and the description and single alternatives of features thereof can be disclaimed from the subject matter of the invention or from disclosed subject matter. The disclosure comprises subject matter consisting of the features defined in the claims or the exemplary embodiments as well as subject matter comprising said features.

[0090] Furthermore, in the claims the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. A single unit or step may fulfill the functions of several features recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. The terms “essentially”, “about”, “approximately” and the like in connection with an attribute or a value particularly also define exactly the attribute or exactly the value, respectively. The term “about” in the context of a given numerate value or range refers to a value or range that is, e.g., within 20%, within 10%, within 5%, or within 2% of the given value or range. Components described as coupled or connected may be electrically or mechanically directly coupled, or they may be indirectly coupled via one or more intermediate components. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.