Electric Motor, Generator and Battery Combination

Abstract

To accomplish the invention, each individual stator pole winding has its own voltage and amperage matched battery, capacitor or storage device pack or packs and winding system controller or controllers which are signaled for operations and timing for the operation of all the similar other windings in the whole Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination without the necessity of wired interconnection of whole Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination winding electrical power in order to accomplish Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination functions.

Claims

1. A stator magnetic circuit comprising: at least two power groups, wherein each power group separately comprises a controller electrically connected directly to (a) a stator pole and coil and (b) a chemical cell; and a central controller electrically connected directly to the controller of each power group; wherein neither the stator pole and coil nor the chemical cell of one power group is electrically connected directly to either the stator pole and coil or the chemical cell of another power group; wherein the central controller individually directs the controller of each power group to alternate between (a) transferring electricity from the chemical cell to the stator pole and coil of each power group and (b) transferring electricity from the stator pole and coil to the chemical cell of each power group; and wherein the central controller simultaneously directs (a) a first power group to transfer electricity from the chemical cell of the first power group to the stator pole and coil of the first power group, and (b) a second power group to transfer electricity from the stator pole and coil of the second power group to the chemical cell of the second power group.

2. The stator magnetic circuit of claim 1, wherein electricity is transferred from the chemical cell to the stator pole and coil of the power groups at a low voltage and a high current.

3. The stator magnetic circuit of claim 1, wherein the stator pole and coil and the chemical cell of each power group is matched by voltage and amperage.

4. The stator magnetic circuit of claim 1, wherein the chemical cell of each power group operates between 1 to 3 volts.

5. The stator magnetic circuit of claim 4, wherein discharging or charging the chemical cells of all power groups adds up to more than 100 A.

6. The stator magnetic circuit of claim 1, wherein the stator pole and coil of each power group is directly electrically connected only to the controller of the power group, and the chemical cell of each power group is directly electrically connected only to the controller of the power group, during all operation of the circuit.

7. The stator magnetic circuit of claim 1, wherein the battery of each power group is only electrically connected directly to the controller of that power group during all operation of the circuit.

8. An electric motor generator comprising the stator magnetic circuit of claim 1 and further comprising a cooling system, wherein each power group is arranged around a frame of the electric motor generator such that the cooling system directs air flow over each power group.

9. A stator magnetic circuit comprising: at least two power groups electrically connected via a central controller; wherein each power group separately comprises (a) a stator pole and coil and (b) a chemical cell that are electrically connected by only a singular controller, wherein the stator pole and coil is only directly electrically connected to the controller, and wherein the chemical cell is only directly electrically connected to the controller; wherein the controller of each power group is electrically connected directly to the central controller; wherein each power group is not electrically connected directly to another power group; and wherein the central controller directs the controller of each power group individually to start (a) discharging electricity from the chemical cell to the stator pole and coil, and (b) charging electricity from the stator pole and coil to the chemical cell.

Description

DRAWINGS—ELEMENTS LETTERS

[0029] Individual Chemical Cell or capacitor discharge and charge control (C)

[0030] Individual Chemical Cell or capacitor (B)

DRAWINGS—REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0031] 1 Individual Pole Control

[0032] 2 Individual Pole and Coil of a more than one in a single or multiphase motor-generator with or without a magnetically conductive core materiel

[0033] 3 Individual Chemical Cell, Battery or Batteries or Capacitors

[0034] 4 External Bus, Series and Parallel, DC thru Multiphase

[0035] 5 Voltage Step Down

[0036] 6 External Charge Sources

[0037] 7 Central Logic Control

[0038] 8 Large in proportion single Chemical Cell or Capacitor

[0039] 9 Partial View of Motor Generator Stator

[0040] 10 Partial View of Motor Generator Rotor

[0041] 11 Stator, Coils, Electronics and Batteries around Periphery

Description

[0042] An individual self contained chemical reaction or properties of voltage cell of a chemical battery or an individual capacitor construction is defined here as an individual chemical cell. References to a coil or pole are defined here as being part of a the stator of a rotating electromagnetic motor or generator. Descriptions, drawings and other references to single pole motor-generator configurations are also the description of distributed and overlapped windings, also described as lapped phase, lap wound stators, staggered coils group and windings controlled in known methods such as rotating field applications for example 3 phase induction type configurations where groups=poles×phases, pole pitch=circumference of stator/poles.

[0043] The invention is a motor generator battery architecture for maximizing charging and discharging utilization of the batteries in a battery motor generator combination and thereby reduce the time required to charge batteries.

[0044] Each individual chemical cell has a limit to the amount of amperage of recharging. When the chemical cells are placed in series, the maximum amperage stays the same, it does not increase, the watts do increase and the charge time increases therefore it takes longer access the full potential of a high voltage battery pack made up of many chemical cells in series. The invention accesses the individual charging maximum potential of each individual cell.

[0045] The invention can produce and absorb the low voltage and high amperage of individual chemical cells for propulsion and generation utility which unexpectedly contradicts an industry wide philosophy of higher voltage battery packs to access short term recharging battery capacity spread across many batteries, with the disadvantage that the existing design battery packs usually are not deeply discharged, and are often unable to accept regenerative braking energy recovery because the battery packs are fully charged. This invention's ability to deeply discharge and then accept large amounts of regenerative braking energy recovery, results in more efficient use of the batteries carried. Therefore with this invention the amount and weight of batteries carried can be reduced for the same performance. For example the invention's advantages can be used in electric vehicles, or electric vehicles that can be towed by other vehicles or backwards driven by other rotating machines or within self contained vehicles containing an internal combustion engine commonly known as a hybrid.

[0046] Battery chemical cell voltages may be as low as 1 to 3 volts with a group of batteries interaction with the motor adding up to hundreds of amperes, it is unexpected and unperceived to operate at such low voltage and high amperage.

[0047] Other prior art methods such as “cyclo converting” in U.S. Pat. No. 6,124,702 require switching of the coils between series and parallel to make changes, this invention is completely independent of grouping coils and batteries by switching. The 2 or many more individual coil and battery combinations are only interconnected by logical command not directly connected to the operating voltages of the coil and battery combinations.

[0048] The motor generator battery architecture and type and methods of electrical control can be synthesized by logical commands of individually independently enabled pole, controller and battery configurations. Therefore the motor generator battery architecture can adapt to a variety of external electrical inputs and outputs.

[0049] While the motor-generator is still in operation, individual cells can be removed from discharge so as to be protected from over discharge cell reversal damage. Individual cells can be charged while other cells are being discharged all while the vehicle is still in operation. An individual cell can be protected from overcharge while other cells are being charged. The motor-generator battery can continue to function usefully with failed or inoperative poles. Single failed pole batteries or controllers can be individually replaced, avoiding motor replacement costs and delays and shipping. In some designs ‘stator’ pole coil(s) could be changed without rewinding an entire machine stator, as the pole windings are not interconnected inside the motor-generator. In existing designs a single chemical cell failure or controller failure can disable the vehicle and require replacement of entire battery packs, controllers or motor-generators.

[0050] The invention reduces the distance of connecting wire and therefore reduces collapsing field controller switching flyback inductance between battery, controller and coil. Long conductors may induce currents upon field collapse, which may destroy switching components and force the use of protection capacitors to absorb the collapsing field energy. Voltage may drop on the rise of current and rise on the drop of current due the inductance of the conductors. Long cables are heavy and may consume precious or semiprecious metals. Long cables get hot, waste energy and melt. In the invention the high current goes over a short path, and many paths distributed for cooling with large surface area to watts conducted as compared to few large cables. The short distances reduce wire heating losses from ordinary conductor resistance and save vehicle weight.

[0051] The inventions allows distribution of controller and batteries around the motor generator frame therefore allowing the use of a single cooling system that may be powered by a shaft driven fan for direct air cooling flowing over each individual component and chemical cell or its cooling interface.

[0052] To accomplish the invention, each individual stator pole winding has its own voltage and amperage matched battery, capacitor or storage device pack or packs and winding system controller or controllers which are signaled for operations and timing for the operation of all the similar other windings in the whole Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination without the necessity of wired interconnection of whole Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination winding electrical power in order to accomplish Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination functions. Each individual winding may be connected to one separate controller, and to only one separate chemical battery cell with no other interconnection to other systems except a detection or signaling method to determine controller operation in concert with other individual windings.

[0053] A configuration is illustrated in FIG. 1. block diagram where the individual pole and coil 2 is connected to the individual pole control 1 which is connected to the battery 3 to provide charging and discharging control and limiting as signaled by a central logical control 7 signal connection by wire or radio or light waves or other means.

[0054] In FIG. 1. block diagram an external charging source 6 of single, double or three phase or DC can be stepped down and converted to the ultimately low DC voltage that the controller can use to charge a single chemical cell 3 at the cell's maximum ampere capacity and speed using all the existing means of sensing battery condition.

[0055] Also shown FIG. 1. block diagram in a generator mode the individual pole control 1 is able to synthesize electrical output to one or more external buss connections 4 including series and parallel connections to other individual pole external buss controls in a variety of external output styles commanded by the central logic control 7 including but not limited to a simultaneous variety of DC single phase, double phase and 3 phase.

[0056] FIG. 2. block diagram illustrates individual windings chemical cells (B) in parallel with each chemical cell having its own separate controller (C) which would allow the advantages of chemical cell voltage operation where combinations of motor generator shaft speed and diameter and power would best be applied to more wattage and amperage than an single individual cell could accommodate.

[0057] FIG. 3. block diagram shows a single pole location 2, where there are more than one coiled separated individual pole windings which are attached to individual chemical cells with each chemical cell having its own separate controller (C). This configuration allows synthesis or inverting of DC into AC by the overlapping of square waves magnetically summing into a ziggurat pyramid shaped imitation of a smooth sine wave at a controller frequency as low as the square wave generated itself. In contrast many other controllers and invertors switch at radio frequency high pulse speeds to create a sine wave which has switching and magnetic heating losses and interference with nearby electronics. However the overlapping square wave method has differences in on off timing that causes one coil in the multi coil pole to induce voltage in the other dormant coils which accidentally act as transformers sending power back towards the other coils controllers and counter productive magnetic fields at inappropriate times. Trapezoidal or other wave shape with simultaneous synchronized control could be avoid these problems of a shared pole winding.

[0058] FIG. 4. block diagram shows where combinations of motor generator shaft speed and diameter and power could be best be applied to wattage and amperage of a large single individual cell such as a large lead acid boat battery by having more than one individual pole windings 2 and controllers 1 that are a subset of the total windings around a motor-generator stator attached in parallel to a single individual chemical cell (B).

[0059] FIG. 5 block diagram illustrates another configuration where more than one individual pole windings wound in the same electric polarity are connected to a controller (C) which is connected to a single large individual chemical cell (B) which is a subset of the total stator frame windings partially shown 9 and partially shown rotor 10.

[0060] The batteries and controllers could be spaced around the motor in a manner similar to the evolution of the radial piston aircraft engines of increasing piston numbers with the engine shaft mounted fan or turbine providing air cooling. Or the wiring and controller and batteries could be exit the motor generator parallel to the shaft for a cooling arrangement of a long tube similar to the history of the radial or axial flow jet engine. The rotor could be held in a non magnetic vacuum chamber for reduced rotational losses in a augmented flywheel motor combination.

[0061] Nothing stated herein precludes or excludes other combinations and arrangements of the methods and mechanisms disclosed herein.

[0062] The original claims as originally filed are presented in the description as the disclosure that they are:

[0063] 1. An Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination wherein the whole of poles and windings is separated into subsets having their own voltage and amperage matched battery, capacitor or storage device pack or packs and winding controller or controllers which controller is connected to the battery to provide charging and discharging control and limiting as communicated by a central logical control signal which is signaled for operations and timing for the operation of the all the similar other windings in the whole Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination without wired interconnection of whole Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination winding electrical power in order to accomplish Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination functions except wiring or other communications for detection or signaling method to determine an individual winding controller battery operation in concert with other individual winding controller battery operations from a central logical control.

[0064] 2. An Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination as in claim 1 wherein each individual pole and coil is connected to one individual control for each individual pole and coil, which controller is connected to one chemical cell.

[0065] 3. An Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination as in claim 1 wherein each individual pole and coil is connected to one more than one control for each individual pole and coil in parallel, and each control is connected to one chemical cell.

[0066] 4. An Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination as in claim 1 wherein on a single pole location, 2 or more separated individual pole windings are each attached to individual chemical cells with each chemical cell having its own separate controller.

[0067] 5. An Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination as in claim 1 wherein more than one individual pole windings and controllers that are a subset of the total windings are attached in parallel to a single individual chemical cell.

[0068] 6. An Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination as in claim 1 wherein more than one individual pole windings that are a subset of the total motor generator windings are connected in parallel and wound for in the same electric polarity are connected to a controller which is connected to a single individual chemical cell.

[0069] 7. An Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination as in claim 1 wherein an external charging source of single, double or 3 phase or DC can be stepped down and converted to the appropriate DC voltage that the subset controller can use to charge the subset of the total batteries chemical cell to an optimal or speed and charge rate capacity.

[0070] 8. An Electric Motor, Generator and battery combination as in claim 1 wherein the individual pole control is able to synthesize electrical output to one or more external buss connections including series and parallel connections to other individual pole external buss control in a variety of output styles commanded by the central logic control including but not limited to DC single phase, double phase and 3 phase.

[0071] 9. A means of motor generator battery architecture for maximizing charging and discharging utilization of the batteries in a battery motor generator combination, reducing the time required to charge batteries, by producing and absorbing the low voltage and high amperage of individual chemical cells for propulsion and generation utility, and wherein the Electric Motor Generator is still in operation , individual cells can be removed from discharge so as to be protected from over discharge cell reversal damage, and wherein the system can continue to function usefully with failed poles and wherein the individual cell can be charged while others are being discharged while the vehicle is still in operation, and wherein the individual cell can be protected from overcharge while other cells are being charged, and wherein motor generator battery architecture and type and methods of electrical control can be synthesized by logical commands of individually independently enabled pole, controller and battery configurations, and wherein the motor generator battery architecture that can adapt to a variety of external electrical inputs and outputs, and wherein any single failed pole batteries or controllers can be individually replaced, avoiding motor replacement costs and delays and shipping and comprising a design where a single failed ‘stator’ pole coil(s) can be changed without rewinding an entire machine stator.

[0072] 10. A means to reduce the distance of connecting wire and therefore reduce collapsing field switching flyback inductance between battery, controller and coil grouping and therefore utilize a single cooling system that may be powered by a shaft fan.

[0073] 11. A means to allow synthesis or inverting of DC into AC for the driving of a motor by the overlapping of square waves magnetically summing and superimposing on an individual pole into a ziggurat pyramid shaped imitation of a smooth sine wave at a controller switching frequency as low as the square wave generated itself or the overlapping of Trapezoidal or other wave shapes with simultaneous synchronized control.