Hook tensioner

Abstract

A hook clamp that includes a clamping hook, an actuator, and a spring member configured to be received in an opening of a component which is to be clamped. The hook clamp requires only a small through-opening on the component which is to be clamped. The hook clamp is useable, for example, in instances of larger component tolerances, and facilitates a greater pulling force.

Claims

1. A hook clamp, comprising: a guide housing defining an elongated hole; a clamping hook displaceably mounted for rotation in the elongated hole at a guiding position and configured to be guided in an opening of a component which is to be clamped, the clamping hook having a first clamping hook arm with a hook member formed on a free end thereof, and a second clamping hook arm arranged at an angle relative to the first clamping hook arm; an actuator, having an operating rod pivotably connected to the second clamping hook arm at a pivot point to rotate the clamping hook from an open position into a closed position by a pulling movement in a first direction that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm and also in a second direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm, wherein the elongated hole of the guide housing extends in a direction parallel to the first direction and the guiding position is located between the pivot point and the hook member; and a spring member, oriented parallel to the actuator, configured to pre-tension the clamping hook against the first direction at a pre-tensioning position between the pivot point and the hook member.

2. The hook clamp of claim 1, wherein the first direction comprises a pulling direction that is in a direction towards the elongated hole of the guide housing.

3. The hook clamp of claim 1, wherein the second direction comprises a hooking direction that is in a direction towards a hooking end of the clamping hook.

4. The hook clamp of claim 1, wherein the guiding position and/or the pre-tensioning position are arranged in a transition region between the first clamping hook arm and the second clamping hook arm.

5. The hook clamp of claim 1, wherein the spring member comprises a compression spring which is orientated in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm.

6. The hook clamp of claim 1, wherein the actuator comprises: a pneumatic cylinder configured to transmit a force to the operating rod in a manner which moves the clamping hook to the closed position.

7. The hook clamp of claim 1, further comprising: a guide pin displaceably mounted in the elongated hole and operatively connected to the clamping hook at the guiding position, wherein the clamping hook is displaceably mounted in the elongated hole in a direction parallel to the first direction.

8. The hook clamp of claim 1, wherein the second clamping hook arm is arranged approximately at a right angle to the first clamping hook arm.

9. A hook clamp, comprising: a guide housing defining an elongated hole; a clamping hook displaceably mounted in the elongated hole at a guiding position and configured to be received in an opening of a component which is to be clamped, the clamping hook having a first clamping hook arm with a hook member formed on a free end thereof, and a second clamping hook arm arranged at an angle relative to the first clamping hook arm; an actuator configured to move the clamping hook from an open position into a closed position by a pulling movement in a first direction that is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm and also in a second direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm, wherein the elongated hole of the guide housing extends in a direction parallel to the first direction, the actuator assembly including: an operating rod which is pivotably connected to the second clamping hook arm at a pivot point to rotate the clamping hook from the open position into the closed position by the pulling movement, the operating rod being orientated in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm, wherein the guiding position is located between the pivot point and the hook member; a lever member configured to transmit a force to the operating rod in a manner which moves the clamping hook to the closed position; and an electric motor to drive the lever member; and a spring member, oriented parallel to the actuator, configured to pre-tension the clamping hook against the first direction at a pre-tensioning position between the pivot point and the hook member.

10. The hook clamp of claim 9, wherein the first direction comprises a pulling direction that is in a direction towards the elongated hole.

11. The hook clamp of claim 9, wherein the second direction comprises a hooking direction that is in a direction towards a hooking end of the hook member.

12. The hook clamp of claim 9, wherein the guiding position and/or the pre-tensioning position are arranged in a transition region between the first clamping hook arm and the second clamping hook arm.

13. The hook clamp of claim 9, wherein the spring member comprises a compression spring which is orientated in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm.

14. The hook clamp of claim 9, further comprising: a guide pin displaceably mounted in the elongated hole and operatively connected to the clamping hook at the guiding position, wherein the clamping hook is displaceably mounted in the elongated hole in a direction parallel to the first direction.

15. A hook clamp, comprising: a guide housing defining an elongated hole; a clamping hook displaceably mounted in the elongated hole at a guiding position and configured to be received in an opening of a component which is to be clamped, the clamping hook having a first clamping hook arm with a hook member formed on a free end thereof, and a second clamping hook arm arranged at an angle relative to the first clamping hook arm; an actuator configured to move the clamping hook from an open position into a closed position by a pulling movement in a first direction that is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm and also in a second direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm, wherein the elongated hole of the guide housing extends in a direction parallel to the first direction, the actuator including: an operating rod which is pivotably connected to the second clamping hook arm at a pivot point to rotate the clamping hook from the open position into the closed position by the pulling movement, the operating rod being orientated in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm, wherein the guiding position is located between the pivot point and the hook member; a lever member configured to transmit a force to the operating rod in a manner which moves the clamping hook to the closed position; and a manually operable hand lever to drive the lever mechanism; and a spring member, oriented parallel to the actuator, configured to pre-tension the clamping hook against the first direction at a pre-tensioning position between the pivot point and the hook member.

16. The hook clamp of claim 15, wherein the first direction comprising a pulling direction that is in a direction towards the elongated hole.

17. The hook clamp of claim 15, wherein the second direction comprising a hooking direction that is in a direction towards a hooking end of the hook member.

18. The hook clamp of claim 15, wherein the guiding position and/or the pre-tensioning position are arranged in a transition region between the first clamping hook arm and the second clamping hook arm.

19. The hook clamp of claim 15, wherein the spring member comprises a compression spring which is orientated in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first clamping hook arm.

20. The hook clamp of claim 15, further comprising: a guide pin displaceably mounted in the elongated hole and operatively connected to the clamping hook at a guiding position located between a pivot point and the hook member, wherein the clamping hook is displaceably mounted in the elongated hole in a direction parallel to the first direction.

Description

DRAWINGS

(1) Embodiments will be illustrated by way of example in the drawings and explained in the description below.

(2) FIG. 1 illustrates a sectional side view of a hook clamp in an open position, in accordance with embodiments.

(3) FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional side view of the hook clamp of FIG. 1 in a closed position.

(4) FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of the hook clamp of FIG. 1, with a component which is to be clamped.

(5) FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a hook clamp in an open position, in accordance with embodiments.

(6) FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of the hook clamp of FIG. 4 in a closed position.

(7) FIG. 6 illustrates a sectional side view of the hook clamp of FIG. 4 in the open position.

(8) FIG. 7 illustrates a sectional side view of the hook clamp of FIG. 4 in the closed position.

(9) FIG. 8 illustrates a sectional side view of a hook clamp in an open position, in accordance with embodiments.

(10) FIG. 9 illustrates a sectional side view of the hook clamp of FIG. 8 in a closed position.

(11) FIG. 10 illustrates a perspective view of the hook clamp of FIG. 8 in the closed position.

DESCRIPTION

(12) FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrate a hook clamp in a first example, with FIG. 1, illustrating the hook clamp in an open position, FIG. 2 illustrating the hook clamp in a closed position, and FIG. 3 illustrating the hook clamp in an inserted position into a component 14 which is to be clamped.

(13) As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, in accordance with embodiments, the hook clamp comprises a clamping hook 1 having a hook element 2. The clamping hook 1, via the hook element 2, is configured to be received in an opening of a component 14 which is to be clamped. The hook clamp also comprises an actuator 3, such as, for example, an operating rod 8 and a pneumatic cylinder 9, to facilitate movement of the clamping hook 1 in a pulling direction x from the open position into the closed position. In the closed position, the hook element 2, in addition to displacement in the pulling direction x, is also displaced in a hooking direction y toward the end of the hook element 2.

(14) In accordance with embodiments, the pulling direction x is a rearward movement whereas the hooking direction y is a downward movement that is approximately perpendicular to the pulling direction x.

(15) The clamping hook 1 comprises a first clamping hook arm 4 and a second clamping hook arm 5 which is approximately at a right angle to the first clamping hook arm 4. The hook element 2 is formed on a free end of the first clamping hook arm 4. The actuator 3 is to move the clamping hook 1 into the closed position. The actuator 3 is connected via a hinge connection to the second clamping hook arm 5 at a pivot point A located, for example, on the free end of the second clamping hook arm 5.

(16) At a guiding position F which is located between the pivot point A and the hook element 2, the clamping hook 1 may be displaceably mounted in an elongated hole 6 in a direction parallel to the pulling direction x. For this purpose, the clamping hook 1 has a guide pin 12 arranged at the guiding position F. The elongated hole 6 is formed in a guide housing 13 of the hook clamp. The actuator 3 may be fastened to the guide housing 13.

(17) As illustrated in FIG. 3, the clamping hook 1 together with the guide housing 13 may be enclosed by a casing 15.

(18) In accordance with embodiments, the clamping hook 1 is pre-tensioned against the pulling direction x via a bias mechanism such as, for example, a spring element 7, at a pre-tensioning position V between the pivot point A and the hook element 2. The spring element 7 may comprise a compression spring which in the main is orientated parallel to the first clamping hook arm 4.

(19) In accordance with embodiments, the actuator 3 may comprise a multi-component design that includes operating rod 8 orientated parallel to the first clamping hook arm 4, and a pneumatic cylinder 9. The operating rod 8 is configured to transmit a force to the pivot point A of the clamping hook 1. The clamping hook 1 may be installed in the guide housing 13, with guide pin inserted, clamps and positions components due to a pulling movement.

(20) The hook clamp operates in such a way that in the open position (e.g., FIG. 1), with a pulling movement via the pneumatic cylinder 9 or via a manually driven hand lever 10 (e.g., FIG. 8), a clamping hook 1 which is guided in an elongated hole 6 and guide housing 13 may be initially pulled with a partial force downwards in the hooking direction y. This initial movement of the clamping hook 1 is ensured via the return spring 7. The clamping hook 1 then comes up against a stop element (not illustrated), which may be attached at the bottom and may form part of the guide housing 13, and on account of the pulling movement subsequently moves rearwardly in the pulling direction x toward the contact surface of a component which is to be clamped. The clamping force of the clamping hook 1 to a rearward direction towards the contact surface is dependent on the force transmitted by the pneumatic cylinder 9, and also on the opposing force of the return spring 7. The partial force of the clamping hook 1 downwards towards the stop element is dependent on the respective lengths of the first clamping hook arm 4 and second clamping hook arm 5 and also on the opposing force of the return spring 7.

(21) When the hook clamp is in an open position, the clamping hook 1 is pushed forwardly against the pulling direction x, via the pneumatic cylinder 9 or the hand lever 10, assisted by the spring element 7. The guide pin 12 of the clamping hook 1 then reaches the end of the elongated hole 6 which is provided for the guide pin 12, and is subsequently pushed upwardly as far as a stop on the clamping hook 1, and thus, reaches the open position again.

(22) FIGS. 4 to 7 illustrate a hook clamp in a second example, with FIGS. 4 and 6 illustrating the hook clamp in an open position, and FIGS. 5 and 7 illustrating the hook clamp in a closed position.

(23) As illustrated in FIG. 4, a hook clamp includes an actuator 103 may comprise an operating rod 108, a pneumatic cylinder 109, and an electric motor 110. The electric motor 110, however, is not arranged on the same side of the guide housing 113 as in the first example illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4. Instead, the electric motor 109 is arranged on a side of the guide housing 113 which lies opposite to the clamping hook 101. The force transmitted by the electric motor 109 is applied to the operating rod 108 via a lever mechanism 111. The lever mechanism 111 comprises a lever which is guided through an opening in the guide housing 113.

(24) FIGS. 8 to 10 illustrate a hook clamp in a third example, with FIG. 8 illustrating the hook clamp in an open position, and FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrating the hook clamp in a closed position.

(25) As illustrated in FIG. 8, a hand lever 210 is used as the actuator 203 and again uses a lever mechanism 211 for force application upon the clamping hook 201. The lever mechanism 211 is guided through the guide housing 213. The actuation via a manually operable hand lever 210 for applying a force in the pulling direction x may be assisted, for example, by force assisting elements, such as one or more springs 216.

(26) The terms “coupled,” “attached,” or “connected” may be used herein to refer to any type of relationship, direct or indirect, between the components in question, and may apply to electrical, mechanical, fluid, optical, electromagnetic, electromechanical or other connections. In addition, the terms “first,” “second,” etc. are used herein only to facilitate discussion, and carry no particular temporal or chronological significance unless otherwise indicated.

(27) Those skilled in the art will appreciate from the foregoing description that the broad techniques of the embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms. Therefore, while the embodiments have been described in connection with particular examples thereof, the true scope of the embodiments should not be so limited since other modifications will become apparent to the skilled practitioner upon a study of the drawings, specification, and following claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

(28) 1, 101, 201 Clamping hook 2, 202, 302 Hook element 3, 103, 203 Actuator 4, 104, First clamping hook arm 5, 105 Second clamping hook arm 6, 106 Elongated hole 7, 107, 207 1.sup.st Spring element 8, 108, 208 Operating rod 9, 109, 209 Pneumatic cylinder 110 Electric motor 111, 211 Lever mechanism 12, 112, 212 Guide pin 13, 113, 213 Guide housing 14 Component to be clamped 15, 115, 215 Housing casing 210 Hand lever 216 2.sup.nd and 3.sup.rd Spring elements x Pulling direction y Hooking direction A Hinge point F Guiding position V Pre-tensioning position