Forming apparatus and forming method for neck portion of bottle-shaped can

Abstract

An apparatus and a method for accurately processing a neck portion of a bottle-shaped can without changing a posture of the can. An inner tool is inserted into the neck portion from the bottom of a can body to form a stepped portion, and comprises a first forming section having a diameter smaller than an inner diameter of a neck portion. An outer tool comprises a second forming section that is opposed to the inner tool. The stepped portion is formed on the neck portion by sandwiching the neck portion by the first forming section and the second forming section. The inner tool further comprises a holding member that is situated coaxially with the can body to be contacted to an inner surface of the can body. The holding member is attached to the inner tool while being allowed to move in a radial direction together with the can body.

Claims

1. A forming apparatus for forming a surface profile on a neck portion of a can body of a bottle-shaped can, wherein the can body comprises a trunk portion in which a bottom is opened, a shoulder portion which is formed continuously from the trunk portion on a side opposite to the bottom, and in which a diameter is reduced, and a neck portion which is formed continuously from the shoulder portion on the opposite side of the trunk portion, in which the diameter is further reduced, and which is opened around a center axis of the can body, the forming apparatus comprising: an inner tool which is allowed to rotate and revolve, and to which the can body is fitted thereon while being allowed to move in a radial direction; and an outer tool that is situated along a revolution orbit of the inner tool, wherein the forming apparatus is configured to form the surface profile on the neck portion in a circumferential direction by sandwiching the neck portion between the outer tool and the inner tool revolving along the outer tool, the inner tool comprises a first forming section having a diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the neck portion, that is inserted into the neck portion from the bottom of the can body to form the surface profile, the outer tool comprises a second forming section that is opposed to the inner tool to form the surface profile on the neck portion by sandwiching the neck portion by the first forming section and the second forming section, the inner tool further comprises a holding member that is situated coaxially with the can body to contact an inner surface of the can body, and the holding member is attached to the inner tool while being allowed to move in the radial direction together with the can body.

2. The forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the can body comprises a boundary portion between the shoulder portion and the neck portion, the boundary portion includes a depressed portion in which a cross-section of the neck portion in an axial direction of the can body protrudes inwardly, and the holding member comprises a contact surface that is brought into contact with the boundary portion from inside of the can body.

3. The forming apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the holding member is shaped into a ring shape, the inner tool further comprises a holding section in which the holding member is held while being allowed to move in the radial direction, and the holding section comprises guide surfaces formed perpendicular to a center axis of the inner tool respectively and parallel to each other to sandwich the holding member from both sides of the holding member in an axial direction of the inner tool.

4. The forming apparatus as claimed in claim 3, further comprising: a chuck member that pushes the can body in the axial direction of the can body, wherein the chuck member comprises a contact surface that is formed perpendicular to the center axis of the can body to contact a tip of the neck portion.

5. The forming apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising: a chuck member that pushes the can body in the axial direction of the can body, wherein the chuck member comprises a contact surface that is formed perpendicular to the center axis of the can body to contact a tip of the neck portion.

6. The forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the holding member is shaped into a ring shape, the inner tool further comprises a holding section in which the holding member is held while being allowed to move in the radial direction, and the holding section comprises guide surfaces formed perpendicular to a center axis of the inner tool respectively and parallel to each other to sandwich the holding member from both sides of the holding member in an axial direction of the inner tool.

7. The forming apparatus as claimed in claim 6, further comprising: a chuck member that pushes the can body in an axial direction of the can body, wherein the chuck member comprises a contact surface that is foil led perpendicular to the center axis of the can body to contact a tip of the neck portion.

8. The forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a chuck member that pushes the can body in an axial direction of the can body, wherein the chuck member comprises a contact surface that is formed perpendicular to the center axis of the can body to contact a tip of the neck portion.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Features, aspects, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, which should not limit the invention in any way.

(2) FIG. 1 is a front view of the bottle-shaped can to which the present disclosure is applied;

(3) FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section of a part of the forming apparatus where an inner tool and a support shaft are arranged;

(4) FIG. 3 is a partial front view of the forming apparatus showing a position of an outer tool in an enlarged scale;

(5) FIG. 4 is a side view of the outer tool; and

(6) FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C are cross-sectional views showing steps for forming a stepped portion on a neck portion of a can body.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

(7) Hereinafter, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Turning now to FIG. 1, there is shown a bottle-shaped can 1 formed by the forming apparatus and the forming method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure using a metallic sheet such as an aluminum sheet or a resin-coated aluminum sheet. The bottle-shaped can 1 comprises a diametrically-larger cylindrical trunk portion 2, a shoulder portion 3 formed continuously from the trunk portion 2 whose diameter is reduced gradually, and a diametrically smaller cylindrical neck portion 4 formed continuously from the shoulder portion 3. The neck portion 4 has an opening 6 on its end portion, and the opening 6 opens around a center axis of the bottle-shaped can. A bottom lid 5 is seamed to a bottom of the bottle-shaped can 1. In order to use the opening 6 of the neck portion 4 as a container mouth, a curled portion 7 having a round or an oval cross-section is formed on the opening 6 by folding or rolling an opening edge of the neck portion 4 outwardly into two or three layers. The opening 6 is closed by a resealable closure (not shown) mounted on the neck portion 4.

(8) Specifically, a thread 8 as a thread ridge is formed on the neck portion 4, and the closure is mounted on the neck portion 4 through the thread 8. Although not especially illustrated in FIG. 1, horizontal slits and bridges are formed alternately in a circumferential direction on a lower portion of a skirt of the closure so that a pilfer-proof band is formed on a lower end of the skirt of the closure. An emboss bead 9 is formed below the thread 8, and an annular groove 10 is formed below the emboss bead 9. In the following explanation, the emboss bead 9 and the annular groove 10 will also be called the stepped portion 11. When the closure mounted on the neck portion 4 is turned, the bridges are ruptured and the pilfer-proof band is detached from the lower end portion of the skirt of the closure. The pilfer-proof band thus detached from the skirt of the closure is retained in the annular groove 10.

(9) In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thread 8, the emboss bead 9, and the annular groove 10 will be called the “surface profile” as a wavy pattern. The forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is adapted to form such surface profile on the neck portion of an interim can body 12 in which the trunk portion 2, the shoulder portion 3, and the neck portion 4 have been formed and a leading end of the neck portion 4 has been trimmed to open, but the bottom lid 5 has not yet been attached to the bottom opening.

(10) To this end, the forming apparatus is provided with an inner tool that is inserted loosely into the can body in a rotatable and revolvable manner, and an outer tool that is disposed on outside of the neck portion 4 along a revolution orbit of the inner tool. A structure of the inner tool 20 for forming the stepped portion 11 including the emboss bead 9 is shown in FIG. 2 in more detail. The inner tool 20 shown in FIG. 2 comprises a base section 21 inserted inside of the trunk portion 2 and the shoulder portion 3, and a forming section 22 inserted inside of the neck portion 4. A contour of the base section 21 is substantially congruent with an internal contour of the trunk portion 2 and the shoulder portion 3, and a dimension of the base section 21 is smaller than those of the trunk portion 2 and the shoulder portion 3. Specifically, in the base section 21, an outer diameter of a column section 21a is smaller than an inner diameter of the trunk portion 2, and the outer diameter of the base section 21 is reduced gradually within a tapered section 21b from the column section 21a toward the forming section 22. A maximum outer diameter of the column-shaped forming section 22 is smaller than an inner diameter of the neck portion 4, and the forming section 22 is joined to a leading end (i.e., the right end in FIG. 2) of the base section 21. In the forming section 22, a first forming section 22a is formed at a portion corresponding to the stepped portion 11 of the can body 12 fitted onto the inner tool 20 with correct posture. Specifically, the first forming section 22a comprises a flange portion for forming the emboss bead 9, and an annular groove for forming the annular groove 10.

(11) A tapered end 23 that is tapered around a center axis O20 of the inner tool 20 is formed on a leading end of the forming section 22 (or the inner tool 20).

(12) In order to prevent the can body 12 fitted loosely onto the inner tool 20 from inclining with respect to the inner tool 20, a holding member 24 is arranged between the first forming section 22a and the leading end of the base section 21 in such a manner as to be contacted to an inner circumferential face of the can body 12. In order to maintain a correct posture of the can body 12 concentrically with the inner tool 20, according to the exemplary embodiment, the holding member 24 is shaped into a ring shape. Instead, the holding member 24 may also be formed by connecting a plurality of segments arranged in a circular manner at regular intervals. A contact surface 24a is formed on an outer circumferential face of the holding member 24, and a contour of the contact surface 24a is congruent with the internal contour of the can body 12 to be contacted to the contact surface 24a. Specifically, the contact surface 24a is brought into contact to a boundary portion 25 of the can body 12 between the shoulder portion 3 and the neck portion 4. That is, the contact surface 24a comprises a tapered section to be contacted to the inner surface of the shoulder portion 3, and a cylindrical portion to be contacted to the inner surface of the neck portion 4. More specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 2 in an enlarged scale, the boundary portion 25 is a depressed portion or an inwardly protruding portion of the can body 12 formed between the shoulder portion 3 and the neck portion 4, and the contour of the contact surface 24a is congruent with the contour of the depressed inner surface of the boundary portion 25. That is, the contact surface 24a is adapted to receive not only a load (or an external force) applied to the can body 12 in a radial direction but also a load (or an external force) applied to the can body 12 in an axial direction.

(13) The holding member 24 is attached to the inner tool 20 while being allowed to move only in the radial direction of the inner tool 20. In other words, the holding member 24 attached to the inner tool 20 is not allowed to move and tilt in the axial direction. Specifically, an annular pedestal 26 is arranged on the leading end of the base section 21. A shaft portion of the forming section 22 penetrates through the annular pedestal 26, and a diameter of the shaft portion of the forming section 22 is sufficiently smaller than an inner diameter of the holding member 24. The annular pedestal 26 is arranged perpendicular to the center axis O20 of the inner tool 20, and a receiving face 27 is formed on the forming section 22 of the inner tool 20 in parallel with the annular pedestal 26. Specifically, a second flange portion is formed on the first forming section 22a to be opposed to the aforementioned flange portion for forming the emboss bead 9, and one of surfaces of the second flange portion opposed to the holding member 24 serves as the receiving face 27. That is, the annular groove for forming the annular groove 10 is formed between the aforementioned flange portion and the second flange portion, and the surface of the second flange portion opposite to the annular groove serves as the receiving face 27. As the annular pedestal 26, the receiving face 27 is also perpendicular to the center axis O20 of the inner tool 20. A clearance between the annular pedestal 26 and the receiving face 27 is substantially identical to a thickness of the holding member 24 in the axial direction. The holding member 24 is held in the clearance between the annular pedestal 26 and the receiving face 27 as a holding section in a slidable manner. That is, the holding member 24 is allowed to move only in the radial direction of the inner tool 20. Accordingly, in the exemplary embodiment, the annular pedestal 26 and the receiving face 27 serve as guide surfaces, and the holding member 24 serves as a movable member.

(14) Instead, the holding member 24 may also be arranged in the base section 21 or the forming section 22. In addition, in order to guide the holding member 24 in the radial direction of the inner tool 20, an annular groove may also be formed on the holding member 24, and a radially protruding flange to be engaged with the annular groove of the holding member 24 may also be formed on the inner tool 20.

(15) The forming apparatus further comprises a support shaft 28 arranged in a leading end side of the inner tool 20 (i.e., in the right side in FIG. 2). The support shaft 28 is adapted to push the can body 12 relatively toward the inner tool 20 thereby fitting the can body onto the inner tool 20. A leading end of the inner tool 20 is brought into abutment to the support shaft 28 so that the inner tool 20 is prevented from being buckled or tilted. For these purposes, the support shaft 28 is situated coaxially with the inner tool 20 while being allowed to move relative to/from the inner tool 20 in the axial direction. Such relative movement between the inner tool 20 and the support shaft 28 may be caused by moving not only the inner tool 20 but also the support shaft 28 in the axial direction. The support shaft 28 is supported by a bearing 29 so that the support shaft 28 is allowed to rotate together with the inner tool 20. A tapered hole 30 is formed on a base end (i.e., an end portion of the inner tool 20 side) of the support shaft 28, and a tapered end 23 of the inner tool 20 is inserted into the tapered hole 30 of the support shaft 28. Specifically, the tapered hole 30 is formed on the base end of the support shaft 28 around a center axis of the support shaft 28. Therefore, the inner tool 20 is joined coaxially with the support shaft 28 by fitting the tapered end 23 of the inner tool 20 into the tapered hole 30 of the support shaft 28.

(16) In order to fix an axial position of the can body 12, a chuck member 31 is attached to the support shaft 28 around the base end portion (i.e., the end portion of the inner tool 20 side). The chuck member 31 is a ring member in which an inner diameter is adapted to fit the chuck member 31 onto the forming section 22 of the inner tool 20, and an outer diameter is adapted to prevent a detachment of the curled portion 7 of the can body 12 even when an eccentricity between the can body 12 and the inner tool 20 becomes maximum. A surface of the chuck member 31 perpendicular to the center axis and opposed to the can body 12 serves as a contact surface 31a. A tip of the curled portion 7 of the can body 12 is brought into contact to the contact surface 31a thereby fixing an axial position of the can body 12 and preventing inclination of the can body 12 with respect to the inner tool 20.

(17) As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of the inner tools 20 are arranged on a periphery of a rotary table 32 at regular intervals. In the rotary table 32, each of the inner tools 20 is allowed to rotate around the center axis O20, and the inner tools 20 are revolved along a predetermined orbit 33 by rotating the rotary table 32. The rotary table 32 may be adapted to rotate not only around a vertical axis but also around a horizontal axis. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the rotary table 32 is adapted to rotate around the horizontal axis. Accordingly, the inner tools 20 are situated laterally to rotate around the horizontal axis, and the support shafts 28 are individually situated laterally to rotate around the horizontal axis in front of the leading end of each of the inner tools 20. The support shafts 28 are attached to a predetermined rotary member such as a rotary disc or a rotary arm rotated coaxially with the rotary table 32 in such a manner as to rotate synchronously with the inner tools 20.

(18) An outer tool 34 is situated radially outer side of the orbit 33 at a predetermined point. The outer tool 34 comprises an arcuate second forming section 34a formed around a curvature center of the orbit 33 of the first forming section 22a of the inner tool 20, and the outer tool 34 is fixed in such a manner that the second forming section 34a is opposed to the orbit 33. In order to form the stepped portion 11 including the emboss bead 9 and the annular groove 10 on the neck portion 4, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the second forming section 34a comprises a ridge 34b for pushing the neck portion 4 of the can body 12 partially into the aforementioned annular groove of the first forming section 22a.

(19) Here will be explained a method for forming the surface profile including the stepped portion 11 using the forming apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment with reference to FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C. As illustrated in FIG. 5A, at a position where the can body 12 is fed to the rotary table 32 on the orbit 33 from a feeder (not shown), the inner tool 20 is withdrawn far away from the support shaft 28, and the can body 12 is fed between the support shaft 28 and the inner tool 20 in such a manner that the center axes of the inner tool 20, the can body 12, and the support shaft 28 are aligned to one another. In this situation, therefore, a gravity center G of the can body 12 is substantially situated on the common center axis of the inner tool 20 and the support shaft 28. Specifically, the bottom of the can body 12 has not yet been closed by the bottom lid 5, and the can body 12 is fed between the support shaft 28 and the inner tool 20 while being guided by a guide member 35 in an orientation in which the bottom of the can body 12 opens toward the inner tool 20.

(20) The inner tool 20 and the support shaft 28 are revolved by rotating the rotary table 32. In this situation, for example, the support shaft 28 is moved toward the inner tool 20 to push the can body 12 so that the can body 12 is fitted onto the inner tool 20. In other words, the inner tool 20 is inserted into the can body 12 from the bottom of the can body 12. As described, the base section 21 of the inner tool 20 is thinner than the trunk portion 2 of the can body 12, and the forming section 22 is thinner than the neck portion 4 of the can body 12. In this situation, therefore, the inner tool 20 is fitted loosely into the can body 12 without contacting tightly to the inner surface of the can body 12. As also described, the contour of the contact surface 24a of the holding member 24 is congruent with the internal contour of the boundary portion 25 of the can body 12 between the shoulder portion 3 and the neck portion 4. In this situation, therefore, the contact surface 24a of the holding member 24 is tightly brought into contact to the inner surface of the boundary portion 25 of the can body 12, and the tip of the curled portion 7 of the can body 12 is brought into abutment to the contact surface 31a of the chuck member 31.

(21) During revolution of the inner tool 20, the can body fitted loosely onto the inner tool 20 is subjected to centrifugal force and gravity, and hence the can body 12 is displaced toward radially outer side of the orbit 33 on the inner tool 20 as illustrated in FIG. 5B. As described, the holding member 24 is attached to the inner tool 20 while being allowed to slide only in the radial direction of the inner tool 20. In this situation, therefore, the holding member 24 is moved radially outwardly together with the can body 12 while being contacted to the boundary portion 25. In other words, the holding member 24 is moved in the radial direction together with the can body 12 in such a manner that the center axes of the holding member 24 and the can body 12 are aligned to each other. The contact surface 24a formed on the outer circumferential face of the holding member 24 has a certain length (or width) in the axial direction. In addition, the contact surface 24a of the holding member 24 is contacted closely to the inner tapered surface of the shoulder portion 3 and the inner cylindrical surface of the neck portion 4, and the holding member is allowed to move only in the radial direction. In this situation, therefore, the can body 12 can be moved radially in parallel to the inner tool 20 while being supported by the holding member 24, without inclining with respect to the inner tool 20.

(22) In addition, the contact surface 31a of the chuck member 31 is formed perpendicular to the center axis, and the tip of the curled portion 7 is entirely brought into contact to the contact surface 31a. For this reason, the curled portion 7 of the can body 12 can be pushed homogeneously in parallel with the inner tool 20 by the chuck member 31. In this situation, therefore, the can body 12 can be displaced in the radial direction without inclining with respect to the inner tool 20.

(23) When the inner tool 20 being revolved reaches the position at which the outer tool 34 is situated, the neck portion 4 of the can body 12 is wedged between the inner tool 20 and the outer tool 34. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 5C, the neck portion 4 is pushed onto the second forming section 34a of the outer tool 34, and consequently the can body 12 is pushed back radially inwardly toward the inner tool 20. In this situation, posture of the can body 12 is also maintained by the holding member 24 and the contact surface 31a of the chuck member 31. Therefore, the can body 12 is displaced only in the radial direction perpendicular with the center axis O20 of the inner tool 20, without inclining with respect to the inner tool 20.

(24) In the neck portion 4, portions of similar configurations as the boundary portion 25 exist from the thread 8 to the curled portion 7. However an area of a curved surface from the thread 8 to the curled portion is rather small. Therefore, it is difficult to establish a resistance sufficiently to hold the can body 12 without inclining. Especially, in a case that the curled portion 7 is formed by thinly folding the opening end of the neck portion 4 in a plurality of layers, a contact area of the neck portion 4 to the forming section 22 would be rather small, and configurations of the curled portion 7 would be rather simple. In this case, it is more difficult to hold the can body 12 without inclining. According to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, however, the can body 12 can be held certainly by the holding member 24 without inclining.

(25) Thus, according to the forming method using the forming apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment, the can body 12 fitted loosely onto the inner tool 20 is revolved and rotated together with the inner tool 20. When the can body 12 reaches the position to process the neck portion 4, the can body 12 is subjected to a load from radially outside. In this situation, however, the can body 12 is moved in the radial direction while maintaining its posture parallel to the center axis O20 of the inner tool 20. According to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, therefore, the stepped portion 11 can be formed on the neck portion 4 of the can body 12 by the inner tool 20 and the outer tool 34 without inclining the neck portion 4 of the can body 12. For this reason, the stepped portion 11 can be formed accurately on the neck portion 4 of the can body 12.

(26) Although the above exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure should not be limited to the described exemplary embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the forming apparatus and the forming method according to the exemplary embodiment may also be used to form the thread 8 on the neck portion 4. In addition, instead of pushing the tip of the curled portion entirely, the tip of the curled portion may also be pushed at plurality of points. In this case, the can body may also be prevented from being inclined.