Hydrogen boiler based on coal gasification and water decomposition

Abstract

The invention provides a hydrogen boiler based on coal gasification and water decomposition, including a steam boiler which includes an upper furnace and a lower furnace; water and steam in the upper furnace are respectively communicated with water and steam in the lower furnace; and the steam boiler is provided with a casing which has a narrow gap for containing water and a wide wall for heating to generate gas. The steam boiler contains multistage reactors. A coal modification and gasification device is provided at an outer side of the steam boiler and is provided with two chambers. The steam and gasified gas of coal are mixed and enter the reactors for direct burning to promote respective reactions. After several stages of modification and decomposition, the steam and the gasified gas of coal are completely converted to hydrogen.

Claims

1. A hydrogen boiler based on coal gasification and water decomposition, comprising a steam boiler which comprises an upper furnace and a lower furnace; wherein water and steam in the upper furnace are respectively communicated with water and steam in the lower furnace; the steam boiler is provided with a casing which has a narrow gap for containing water and a wide wall for heating to generate gas; a burner is provided at a middle of a lower part of the lower furnace of the steam boiler, and a steam distributor is provided at a side of the burner; a first reactor configured for a secondary reaction of water gas with steam to produce hydrogen is provided at a middle of a middle part of the lower furnace; a second reactor configured for secondary reaction of tail gas with steam to produce hydrogen is circular and is circumferentially provided at an upper part of the lower furnace; a third reactor configured for a primary reaction of the water gas with the steam to produce the hydrogen is circular and is circumferentially provided at a lower part of an upper furnace of the steam boiler; a fourth reactor configured for secondary decomposition of the steam to produce hydrogen is provided at a middle of an upper part of the upper furnace; a steam separation and drying device having a cap-shaped interlayer is provided at a tail gas outlet of the upper furnace of the steam boiler; a fifth reactor configured for primary reaction of tail gas with steam to produce hydrogen is provided at an upper part of a cavity of the steam separation and drying device; a sixth reactor configured for primary decomposition of steam to produce hydrogen is circular and is provided at a lower part of the cavity of the steam separation and drying device; a steam controller is provided at a steam outlet of the steam boiler outside the steam separation and drying device; a plurality of connectors for water and steam are arranged between the upper furnace and the lower furnace of the steam boiler; a CO.sub.2 remover is provided at an outer side of the lower furnace of the steam boiler; a seventh reactor configured for gasification of coal using steam to produce water gas is provided at the other outer side of the lower furnace of the steam boiler and has two chambers; each of the two chambers is provided with a first track and a second track; and two layers of material beds are arranged on the first track and second track, respectively, wherein the two layers of material beds are foldable and detachable from the first track and the second track, respectively; and a calandria reflux heater using inner thermal dissipation is provided at a lower part of an interior of the seventh reactor and is formed by a part of a pipeline for introducing a heat source from fire tail and tail gas discharged from the upper and lower furnaces of the steam boiler; the first track is provided along opposite walls of a middle of a lower part of the interior of the seventh reactor, and the second track is provided along opposite walls of a middle of the interior of the seventh reactor.

2. The hydrogen boiler of claim 1, wherein the steam from the steam outlet of the steam boiler enters the steam controller, through a first gas pipe, to the cap-shaped interlayer of the steam separation and drying device; through a second gas pipe, to the sixth reactor through a third gas pipe, to the fourth reactor; and through a fourth gas pipe, to the steam distributor; and then through a fifth gas pipe, to the seventh reactor and through a sixth gas pipe, to the fifth reactor; the steam and the tail gas are gathered and mixed in the fifth reactor to generate a gas mixture, and the gas mixture, as a heat source, enters the lower part of the seventh reactor via the calandria heater with backflow, so that heat transfer circulation for the seventh reactor is realized; the gas mixture is transferred to the CO.sub.2 remover through the pipeline; after the removal of CO.sub.2, the gas mixture is transferred to the second reactor through a seventh gas pipe, and enters a lower part of the burner through an eighth gas pipe; and the water gas is produced in the seventh reactor and enters the third reactor through a ninth gas pipe, then enters the first reactor through a tenth gas pipe, and enters the lower part of the burner through an eleventh gas pipe; and in this way, the gas mixture and the water gas are gathered at the lower part of the burner.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The present invention will be described further with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(2) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen boiler based on coal gasification and water decomposition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(3) The invention provides a hydrogen boiler based on coal gasification and water decomposition, comprising a steam boiler 1 which comprises an upper furnace 9.1 and a lower furnace 9.2; water and steam in the upper furnace are respectively communicated with water and steam in the lower furnace; the steam boiler 1 is provided with a casing which has a narrow gap for containing water and a wide wall for heating to generate gas;

(4) a burner 24 is provided at a middle of a lower part of a lower furnace 9.2 of the steam boiler 1, and a steam distributor 25 is provided at a side of the burner 24; a tertiary gas water modification reactor 23 is provided at a middle of a middle part of the lower furnace 9.2; a secondary tail gas modifier 3 is circular and is circumferentially provided at an upper part of the lower furnace 9.2;

(5) a secondary water gas modification reactor 6 for is circular and is circumferentially provided at a lower part of an upper furnace 9.1 of the steam boiler 1; a secondary steam modification and decomposition reactor 18 is provided at a middle of an upper part of the upper furnace 9.1; a steam separation and drying device 17 having a cap-shaped interlayer is provided at a tail gas outlet of the upper furnace 9.1 of the steam boiler 1;

(6) a primary tail gas modifier 15 is provided at an upper part of a cavity of the steam separation and drying device 17; a primary steam modification and decomposition reactor 12 is circular and is provided at a lower part of the cavity of the steam separation and drying device 17; a steam controller 10 is provided at a steam outlet of the steam boiler at an outer side of the steam separation and drying device 17;

(7) a plurality of connectors 19 for water and steam are arranged between the upper furnace 9.1 and the lower furnace 9.2 of the steam boiler 1; a CO.sub.2 remover 22 is provided at an outer side of the lower furnace 9.2 of the steam boiler 1; a coal modification and gasification device 29 is provided at the other outer side of the lower furnace 9.2 of the steam boiler 1 and is provided with two chambers; each of the two chambers is provided with two sets of tracks and two layers of foldable and removable beds 30 for material spreading;

(8) a calandria heater for backflow using inner thermal dissipation is provided at a lower part of an interior of the modification and gasification device 29 for coal and is formed by a part of a pipeline 14 for introducing a heat source from fire tail and tail gas discharged from the upper and lower furnaces 9 of the steam boiler 1; a first track 27 is provided along left and right walls of a middle of a lower part of the interior of the coal modification and gasification device 29, and the material beds 30 are arranged on the first track 27; a second track 28 is provided along left and right side walls of a middle of the coal modification and gasification device 29, and the material beds 30 are arranged on the second track 28.

(9) The steam of the steam boiler 1, water gas of the coal modification and gasification device 29, and tail gas of the upper and lower furnaces 9 are exchanged in a circulatory system as follows.

(10) The steam enters the steam controller 10 from the steam outlet of the steam boiler 1; through a first gas pipe 11, to the cap-shaped interlayer of the steam separation and drying device 17; through a second gas pipe 16, to the primary modification and decomposition reactor 12 for first decomposition; through a third gas pipe 8, to the secondary modification and decomposition reactor 18 for second decomposition; through a fourth gas pipe 7, to the steam distributor 25, and then through a fifth gas pipe 26, into the coal modification and gasification device 29, and through a sixth gas pipe 13, into the primary tail gas modifier 15, respectively; at the same time, the steam and the tail gas are gathered and mixed in the primary tail gas modifier 15 to generate a modified gas mixture, and the modified gas mixture, as a heat source, enters the lower part of the coal modification and gasification device 29 via the calandria reflux heater, so that the heat transfer circulation for the coal modification and gasification device 29 is realized; the modified gas mixture is transferred to the CO.sub.2 remover 22 through the pipeline 14; after an interception for CO.sub.2, the modified gas mixture is transferred to the secondary tail gas modifier 3 for enhanced modification through a seventh gas pipe 20, and enters a lower part of the burner 24 through an eighth gas pipe 4.

(11) The water gas is modified in the coal modification and gasification device 29 and enters the secondary water gas modification reactor 6 for a second modification through a ninth gas pipe 5, then enters the tertiary water gas modification reactor 23 for third modification through a tenth gas pipe 2, and enters the lower part of the burner 24 through an eleventh gas pipe 21; and in this way, the modified gas mixture and the water gas are gathered at the lower part of the burner 24. A reaction bed is raised to approach an infrared burning plate, and to intercept surplus steam using infrared ray for forced decomposition and modification to increase transformation and combustion efficiency of hydrogen.