Tool, machine and method for producing roof ridge-shaped chamfers on teeth of an internally and externally toothed gearwheel

Abstract

The invention provides a tool, a method and a machine with which roof ridge-shaped chamfers can be produced on teeth of an internally and externally toothed gearwheel with minimised changeover times during tool set up. For this purpose, a tool according to the invention comprises a tool carrier having a holding section for attachment in a tool holder and a chamfering tool, which is held on the end section of the tool carrier, said end section being associated with the other end face, and during use describes an impact circle with its cutting edge, the diameter of said circle being determined by the radial distance of the cutting edge of the chamfering tool from the axis of rotation of the tool. According to the invention, at least one further chamfering tool is attached in a middle section of the tool carrier which is offset relative to the end section provided with the chamfering tool towards the holding section of the tool carrier. At the same time, the further chamfering tool is held with its cutting edge at a radial distance from the axis of rotation of the tool, which is greater than the radial distance of the cutting edge of the chamfering tool held on the end section of the tool holder. A method according to the invention and a machine according to the invention are based on the use of tools according to the invention.

Claims

1. A tool for producing roof ridge-shaped chamfers on teeth of an internally and externally toothed gearwheel, wherein the tool comprises a finger-like tool carrier having a holding section which is associated with an end face of the tool carrier and provided for fastening in a tool holder of a machine tool, and a chamfering tool, which is held on the end section of the tool carrier associated with the other end face, and during use describes an impact circle with its cutting edge, whose diameter is determined by the radial distance of the cutting edge of the chamfering tool from the axis of rotation of the tool, wherein at least one further chamfering tool is attached in a middle section of the tool carrier, which is offset in the direction of the holding section of the tool carrier relative to the end section provided with the chamfering tool, and wherein the further chamfering tool is held with its cutting edge at a radial distance to the axis of rotation of the tool, said radial distance being greater than the radial distance of the cutting edge of the chamfering tool held on the end section of the tool holder, characterised in that the radial distance of the cutting edge of the chamfering tool, attached respectively to the middle section of the tool carrier, from the axis of rotation is at least 1.5 times greater than the radial distance of the cutting edge of the chamfering tool, attached respectively to the end section of the tool carrier, from the axis of rotation.

2. The tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the middle section is designed as a ledge, on which a seat for the further chamfering tool is provided.

3. The tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the distance, measured axially parallel to the axis of rotation, between the cutting edge of the chamfering tool held on the end section and the cutting edge of the chamfering tool held on the middle section is at least 30% of the distance, also measured axially parallel to the axis of rotation, between the end of the holding section associated with the middle section and the end face of the end section of the tool carrier remote from the holding section.

4. The tool according to claim 1, characterised in that at least two chamfering tools are fixed to the end section of the tool carrier.

5. The tool according to claim 1, characterised in that at least two chamfering tools are fixed to the middle section.

6. The tool according to claim 3, characterised in that the chamfering tools associated with the middle section or the end section are arranged opposite one another in the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the tool.

7. The tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the chamfering tools are cutting plates.

8. A machine for producing roof ridge-shaped chamfers on the teeth of an internally and externally toothed gearwheel, wherein the machine comprises a drive, which drives the gearwheel to be machined during use so that it rotates about its axis of rotation, two tools designed according to claim 1, at least one drive, which drives the tools during use so that they rotate about their respective axis of rotation, and control devices, which are provided for adjusting the tools between a first working position, in which, having their chamfering tools seated on their end sections, they engage with the end faces of one of the teeth of the gearwheel, and a second working position, in which, having their chamfering tools seated on their middle sections, they engage with the end surfaces of the other teeth of the gearwheel.

9. A method for producing roof ridge-shaped chamfers on the end faces of the teeth of an internal and external toothing of an internally and externally toothed gearwheel, wherein the method comprising the following steps: clamping two tools for producing roof ridge-shaped chamfers on teeth of an internally and externally toothed gearwheel respectively in a tool receptacle, wherein the tools comprise a finger-like tool carrier having a holding section, which is associated with an end face of the tool carrier and provided for fastening in a tool holder of a machine tool, and a chamfering tool chamfering tool, which is held on the end section of the tool carrier, said end section being associated with the other end face, and during use describes an impact circle with its cutting edge, the diameter of said circle being determined by the radial distance of the cutting edge of the chamfering tool from the axis of rotation of the tool, and wherein at least one further chamfering tool is attached in a middle section of the tool carrier which is offset relative to the end section provided with the chamfering tool towards the holding section of the tool carrier, said chamfering tool being held with its cutting edge at a radial distance to the axis of rotation of the tool, said radial distance being greater than the radial distance of the cutting edge of the chamfering tool held on the end section of the tool holder; adjusting the tools into a respective first working position, in which, having their chamfering tools seated on their end sections, they engage with the end faces of one of the teeth of the gearwheel, and adjusting the tools remaining in their tool holder into a respective second working position, in which, having their chamfering tools seated on their middle sections, they engage with the end faces of the other teeth of the gearwheel.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterised in that the tools and their axes of rotation are positioned and aligned with respect to the gearwheel to be machined, such that when the tools are in their first working position, having their chamfering tools seated on their end sections, they engage with the end faces of the teeth of the internal toothing of the gearwheel, and when they are in their second working position, having their chamfering tools seated on their middle sections, they engage with the end faces of the teeth of the external toothing.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterised in that the tools and their axes of rotation are positioned and aligned with respect to the gearwheel to be machined such that, when the tools are in their first working position, having their chamfering tools seated on their end sections, they engage with the end faces of the teeth of the external toothing of the gearwheel and when they are in their second working position, having their chamfering tools seated on their middle sections, they engage with the end faces of the teeth of the internal toothing.

12. The method according to claim 9, characterised in that when the tools are in their second working position they are associated with the same quadrant of the internal and external toothing of the gearwheel to be machined as in their first working position.

13. The method according to claim 9, characterised in that the tools are driven to rotate in opposite directions about their axis of rotation.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterised in that, during the machining of the end faces of the teeth of the internal toothing, the direction of rotation of the tools is respectively opposite to the direction of rotation with which they rotate during the machining of the end faces of the teeth of the external toothing.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention will subsequently be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing depicting exemplary embodiments. Shown schematically in the figures:

(2) FIG. 1a a first tool for chamfering the end faces of teeth of an internally and externally toothed gearwheel;

(3) FIG. 1b the tool according to FIG. 1a in a frontal view on its end face;

(4) FIG. 1c a second tool for chamfering the end faces of teeth of an internally and externally toothed gearwheel;

(5) FIG. 1d the tool according to FIG. 1c in a frontal view towards its end face.

(6) FIG. 2a a tool according to FIGS. 1a and 1b and designed according to FIG. 1c during the chamfering of the end faces of teeth of the external toothing of a gearwheel in a perspective, simplified view;

(7) FIG. 2b the tools according to FIG. 2a during the chamfering of the end faces of teeth of the internal toothing of a gearwheel in a perspective, simplified view.

(8) FIG. 3a a tool according to FIG. 2a during the chamfering of the end faces of teeth of the external toothing of a gearwheel in a lateral, partially longitudinally sectioned view;

(9) FIG. 3b the tool according to FIG. 2b during the chamfering of the end faces of teeth of the internal toothing of a gearwheel in a lateral, partially longitudinally sectioned view.

(10) FIG. 4a a tool according to FIG. 2a in an alternative arrangement to the FIGS. 2a, 3a during the chamfering of the end faces of teeth of the external toothing of a gearwheel in a lateral, partially longitudinally sectioned view.

(11) FIG. 4b the tool according to FIG. 4a during the chamfering of the end faces of teeth of the internal toothing of a gearwheel in a lateral, partially longitudinally sectioned view.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(12) The tools 1′, 1″ shown in FIGS. 1a-c respectively comprise a tool carrier 2 made of a solid steel material by material-removing machining, which in its longitudinal direction L axially parallel to the axis of rotation X′, X″ of the respective tool 1′, 1″ is divided into three sections aligned coaxial to the axis of rotation X′, X″, namely a holding section 3, a middle section 4 and an end section 5.

(13) The holding section 3 is designed in the manner of a cylindrical pin so that it is inserted into a correspondingly shaped, receptacle (not shown here) of a tool support and is held there in a conventional manner.

(14) The middle section 4, designed as a cylindrical disc-shaped ledge, connects onto the holding section 3. Two seats 7, 8, adjacent to end face 6 of the middle section 4, said end face 6 being remote from the holding section 3, are formed for a respective chamfering tool 9, 10 in its peripheral surface. The chamfering tools 9, 10 are positioned so that their radially outwardly directed cutting edges 9a, 10a are arranged in a radial direction R relative to the respective axis of rotation X′, X″ of the tools 1′, 1″ opposite each other and point-symmetrical with respect to the respective axis of rotation X′, X″ (FIG. 1b). The receptacles 7, 8 and the chamfering tools 9, 10 of the tool 1′ are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the receptacles 12, 13 and the chamfering tools 9, 10 of the tool 1″ with respect to the axis of rotation X′, X″, so that, seen in the circumferential direction U, the cutting edges 9a, 10a of the chamfering tools 9, 10 of the tool 1′ are aligned opposite to the cutting edges 9a, 10a of the chamfering tools 9, 10 of the tool 1″.

(15) The end section 5 with a cylindrical basic form abuts with its end facing the holding section 3 against the end face 6 of the middle section 4. The diameter D4 of the middle section 4 is approximately 2.3 times larger than the diameter D5 of the end section 5.

(16) As in the middle section 4, two seats 12, 13 are formed in the peripheral surface of the end section 5, adjacent to the end face 11 of the end section 5, said end face 11 being remote from the holding section 3, for a respective chamfering tool 14, 15. The chamfering tools 14, 15 are likewise positioned in such a way that their radially outwardly directed cutting edges 14a, 15a are arranged opposite one another in the radial direction R relative to the axis of rotation X′, X″ of the tool 1. Here, too, the receptacles 12, 13 and the chamfering tools 14, 15 of the tool 1′ are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the receptacles 12, 13 and to the chamfering tools 14, 15 of the tool 1″ with respect to the axes of rotation X′, X″, so that, seen in the circumferential direction U, the cutting edges 14a, 15a of the chamfering tools 14, 15 of the tool 1′ are aligned opposite to the cutting edges 14a, 15a of the chamfering tools 14, 15 of the tool 1″.

(17) Corresponding to the ratio of the diameters D4, D5 of the middle section 4 and the end section 5, the cutting edges 9a, 10a of the chamfering tools 9, 10 seated on the middle section 4 rotate on an impact circle S9, 10 whose radius R9, 10 is 2.3 times larger than the radius R14, 15 of the impact circle S14, 15.

(18) At the same time, the distance A1, measured axially parallel to the axis of rotation X′, X″, between, on the one hand, the cutting edges 9a, 10a of the chamfering tools 9, 10 held on the end section 5 and, on the other hand, the cutting edges 14a, 15a of the chamfering tools 14, 15 held on the middle section 4 is about 40% of that distance A2, also measured axially parallel to the axis of rotation, between the end of the holding section 3 associated with the middle section 4 and the end face 11 of the end section 5 of the tool carrier 2 remote from the holding section 3.

(19) The chamfering tools 9, 10, 14, 15 are conventional cutting plates which are commercially available for this purpose and are fastened, likewise in a known manner, to the respectively associated seat 7, 8, 12, 13 on the middle section 4 and the end section 5.

(20) For chamfering the end faces 20 of the teeth 21 of the internal toothing 22 and the end faces 23 of the teeth 24 of the external toothing 25 of an internally and externally toothed annular gearwheel 26, two tools 1′, 1″ are used in a machine tool (not shown further here), which is prepared in a conventional manner for these purposes.

(21) The axes of rotation X′, X″ of the two tools 1′, 1″ are aligned so that they meet at an acute angle when projected into a horizontal plane extending beyond the end sections 5 of the tools 1′, 1″.

(22) At the same time, the tools 1′, 1″ are aligned with respect to the end face 27 of the gearwheel 26 facing towards them, so that their holding sections 3 are respectively opposite to the end face 27 and facing away from the end face 27 in an upward direction. In this case, one tool 1′ is associated with the third quadrant V3 and the other tool 1″ with the fourth quadrant V4 of the circle bounded by the gearwheel 26.

(23) For chamfering the end faces 23 of the teeth 24 of the external toothing 25, the tools 1′, 1″ are moved onto the gearwheel 26 in such a way that, with each rotation about their axis of rotation X′, X″, the chamfering tools 14, 15, seated respectively on their middle section 4, dip into the material of the respectively machined tooth 24 with their cutting edges 14a, 15a. In this case, the end section 5 of the tools 1′, 1″, with the chamfering tools 14, 15 attached to it, is free in the space present at the side or underneath the gearwheel 26 (FIG. 2a, 3a).

(24) The chamfering of the end faces 23 takes place in a known manner in a continuous sequence with continuously counter-rotating tools 1′, 1″ and a gearwheel 26 rotating equally continuously about its axis of rotation Y, wherein the rotational movements of the tools 1′, 1″ and the gearwheel 26 and all other relative movements between the tools 1′, 1″ and the gearwheel 26, which may be required for a proper production of the chamfers 28, are synchronised in a known manner known by a controller not shown here.

(25) After a sufficient number of revolutions of the gearwheel 26, the roof ridge-shaped chamfers 28 on the end faces 23 of the teeth 24 are finished.

(26) The tools 1′, 1″ are again positioned in the region of the quadrants V3, V4 in such a manner that, having the cutting edges 14a, 15a of the chamfering tools 14, 15 seated on their end sections 5, they come into chip-removing engagement with the end faces 20 of the teeth 21 of the internal toothing 22 (FIG. 2b, 3b). The middle sections 4 of the tools 1′, 1″, along with the chamfering tools 9, 10 carried by them, stand in free space in front of the end face 27 of the gearwheel 26, so that a collision of the chamfering tools 9, 10 with the gearwheel 26 during the chamfering machining of the teeth 21 of the internal toothing 22 is reliably precluded.

(27) The chamfering machining of the teeth 21 of the internal toothing 22 is then carried out in accordance with the procedure for the chamfering machining of the teeth 24 of the external toothing 25, which has already been described and is known from the prior art.

(28) FIGS. 4a, 4b show an alternative possibility of using inventively designed tools 1, 1″. In contrast to the examples shown in FIGS. 2a-3b, here the tools 1′, 1″ are aligned in such a way that their holding sections 3 point downward from the end face 27 of the gearwheel 26. In this arrangement, the chamfering machining of the end faces 23 of the teeth 24 of the external toothing 25 takes place with the chamfering tools 14, 15 arranged on the end section 5 of the tools 1′, 1″, whereas, after a corresponding adjustment of the tools 1′, 1″, the machining of the end faces 20 of the teeth 21 of the internal toothing 22 takes place by chamfering tools 9, 10 held on the middle section 4 of the tools 1′, 1″.

(29) Regardless of which of the two orientations of the tools 1′, 1″ is selected, it is thus possible in an inventive design of the tools 1′, 1″ to finish the teeth 21, 24 of the internal and external toothing 22, 25 of the gearwheel 26 in a very short time, with minimal adjustment paths and thereby with minimal time required for the adjustment of the tools 1′, 1″, even if the gearwheel 26 has a large diameter.

REFERENCE NUMERALS

(30) 1′, 1″ Tool for chamfering the end faces 20, 23 of the teeth 21, 24 of the internal and externally toothed gearwheel 26

(31) 2 Tool carrier of the tools 1′, 1″

(32) 3 Holding section of the tools 1′, 1″

(33) 4 Middle section of the tools 1′, 1″

(34) 5 End section of the tools 1′, 1″

(35) 6 End face of the middle section 4

(36) 7, 8 Seats for a respective chamfering tool 9, 10

(37) 9, 10 Chamfering tools

(38) 9a, 10a Cutting edges of the chamfering tools 9, 10

(39) 11 End face of the end section 5

(40) 12, 13 Seats for chamfering tool 14, 15 respectively

(41) 14, 15 Chamfering tools

(42) 14a, 15a Cutting edges of the chamfering tools 14, 15

(43) 20 End faces of the teeth 21

(44) 21 Teeth of the internal toothing 22

(45) 22 Internal toothing of the gearwheel 26

(46) 23 End faces of the teeth 24

(47) 24 Teeth of the external toothing 25

(48) 25 External toothing of the gearwheel 26

(49) 26 Internally and externally toothed gearwheel

(50) 27 End face of the gearwheel 26

(51) 28 Roof ridge-shaped chamfers

(52) A1 Distance between the cutting edges 9a, 10a of the chamfering tools 9, 10 held on the end section 5 on the one hand and the cutting edges 14a, 15a of the chamfering tools 14a, 15 held on the middle section 4 on the other hand

(53) A2 Distance between the end of the holding section 3 associated with the middle section 4 and the end face 11 of the end section 5 of the tool carrier 2 remote from the holding section 3

(54) D4 Diameter of the middle section 4

(55) D5 Diameter of the end section 5

(56) L Longitudinal direction of the tools 1′, 1″

(57) R Radial direction

(58) R9, 10 Radius of the impact circle S9, 10

(59) R14, 15 Radius of the impact circle S14, 15

(60) S9, 10 Impact circle of the chamfering tools 9, 10

(61) S14, 15 Impact circle of the chamfering tools 14, 15

(62) U Circumferential direction

(63) V3, V4, Quarter circles (quadrants) of the circle circumscribed by the gearwheel 26

(64) X′, X″ Axes of rotation of the tools 1′, 1″

(65) Y Axis of rotation of the gearwheel 26