POWER TONG

Abstract

A power tong includes a lower tong and an upper tong, each with multiple grippers distributed around a tubular passage, for gripping a lower tubular and ripping an upper tubular respectively. A torque actuator includes a first hydraulic drive and a second hydraulic drive, for rotating the upper tong relative to the lower tong. The first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive each have a drive shaft that supports a guide wheel for cooperating with a guide track, and a pinion for cooperating with a rack, which guide wheel and pinion are concentrically, mounted on the drive shaft of the hydraulic drive. The hydraulic drives are mounted with the drive shafts parallel to the main axis, and the upper tong or the lower tong comprises a guide track receiving the guide wheel and a rack cooperating with the pinion.

Claims

1.-15. (canceled)

16. A power tong, adapted to apply torque to a lower tubular relative to an upper tubular, to thus connect and disconnect an upper threaded end of the lower tubular and a lower threaded end of the upper tubular, the lower tubular and upper tubular being supported on a main axis of the power tong, the power tong comprising: a lower tong, the lower tong comprising a lower tong frame defining a central tubular passage, multiple grippers, each gripper having a linear working axis, said working axis extending perpendicular to the main axis, the grippers being distributed around the tubular passage for gripping the lower tubular in the tubular passage, and a radial opening that provides lateral access to the tubular passage for a tubular; an upper tong, the upper tong comprising an upper tong frame defining a central tubular passage, multiple grippers, each gripper having a linear working axis said working axis extending perpendicular to the main axis, the grippers being distributed around the tubular passage for gripping the upper tubular in the tubular passage, and a radial opening that provides lateral access to the tubular passage; a support frame, the support frame supporting the lower tong and/or the upper tong with the respective tubular passage aligned on the main axis, the upper tong being located above the lower tong; and a torque actuator, the torque actuator comprising a first hydraulic drive and a second hydraulic drive, for rotating the upper tong relative to the lower tong and about the main axis, to connect or disconnect the lower tubular gripped by the lower tong and the upper tubular gripped by the upper tong, wherein the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive each have a housing and a drive shaft extending from that housing, wherein each drive shaft supports a guide wheel for cooperating with a guide track and a pinion for cooperating with a rack, which guide wheel and pinion are concentrically mounted on the drive shaft of the hydraulic drive, and wherein the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive are mounted on the lower tong frame or are mounted on the upper tong frame, each with the drive shaft parallel to the main axis, and wherein respectively the upper tong or the lower tong comprises the guide track receiving the guide wheel and the rack cooperating with the pinion of the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive, to enable the hydraulic drives to rotate and guide the upper tong relative to the lower tong.

17. The power tong according to claim 16, wherein the lower tong and the upper tong each comprise three grippers, the tubular grippers being located, at regular intervals, around the tubular passage of the lower tong and the upper tong respectively.

18. The power tong according to claim 17, wherein the guide track comprises a first track section for cooperating with the guide wheel of the first hydraulic drive and a second guide track for cooperating with the guide wheel of the second hydraulic drive.

19. The power tong according to claim 18, wherein the rack comprises a first rack section for cooperating with the pinion of the first hydraulic drive and a second rack section for cooperating with the pinion of the second hydraulic drive.

20. The power tong according to claim 18, wherein the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive are located between the gripper actuators, such that the first track section and the second track section each extend between two gripper actuators.

21. The power tong according to claim 16, wherein the guide track has an inside and an outside guide surface, the inside guide surface and the outside guide surface defining between them the guide track.

22. The power tong according to claim 16, wherein the lower tong frame and the upper tong frame comprise interacting positioning guides, for positioning the upper tong relative to the lower tong in at least a vertical direction.

23. The power tong according to claim 16, wherein a first plane comprising a drive axis of the first hydraulic drive and the main axis, and a second plane comprising a drive axis of the second hydraulic drive and the main axis, extend relative to each other at an angle in the range of 115-125 degrees.

24. The power tong according to claim 16, wherein for the first and the second hydraulic drive the guide wheel is located at the end of the drive shaft, and the pinion is located between the guide wheel and the housing of the hydraulic motor.

25. The power tong according to claim 16, further comprising a spinner for gripping the upper tubular, the spinner being movably supported above the upper tong by the support frame, such that the spinner can move along the main axis to move with an upper tubular while a lower threaded end thereof, or threaded pin, is spun into or is spun out off the upper threaded end, or threaded box, of the lower tubular.

26. The power tong according to claim 25, wherein the spinner is moveably supported such that the spinner can move along the main axis to move with an upper tubular while a lower threaded end thereof, or threaded pin, is spun into or is spun out off the upper threaded end, or threaded box, of the lower tubular

27. The power tong according to claim 25, wherein the spinner comprises two spinner assemblies, each spinner assembly comprising a set of spinner rollers and at least one hydraulic drive for rotating the spinner rollers, the spinner rollers and at least one hydraulic drive being supported in a spinner rollers support frame, and wherein the spinner assemblies are each moveably supported to enable moving the sets of spinner rollers towards and away from each other, and to clamp a tubular between the two sets of spinner rollers.

28. The power tong according to claim 27, wherein the spinner assemblies are each moveably supported by a linear actuator, the linear actuators being positioned opposite each other, such that working lines of the actuators can coincide, and wherein the actuators are pivotably mounted onto a spinner frame such that they can pivot about a pivot axis extending parallel to the main axis.

29. The power tong according to claim 28, wherein the spinner frame is hingeable supported, such that the spinner frame can be pivoted between an active position in which the spinner rollers can engage a tubular located on the main axis, and an inactive position, in which the spinner rollers are away from the main axis.

30. The power tong according to claim 24, wherein the spinner comprises a guide mechanism comprising two L-shaped guide arms, wherein the L-shaped guide arms are pivotably supported at their elbow section such that they can pivot about a guide arm pivot axis parallel to the main axis, wherein the L-shaped guide arms each have at one end a curved and teethed couple surface, the center of curvature of the couple surface coinciding with the guide arm pivot axis of the respective guide arm, and the guide arms engaging each other with said couple surfaces, and wherein the L-shaped guide arms are each at an opposite end slideable coupled with one of the spinner assemblies.

31. A vessel or drilling platform comprising the power tong according to claim 16.

32. A method for connecting or disconnecting two tubulars, to make-up or break out a tubular connection, using the power tong according to claim 16.

33. The power tong according to claim 19, wherein the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive are located between the gripper actuators, such that the first track section and the second track section each extend between two gripper actuators.

34. The power tong according to claim 26, wherein the spinner comprises two spinner assemblies, each spinner assembly comprising a set of spinner rollers and at least one hydraulic drive for rotating the spinner rollers, the spinner rollers and at least one hydraulic drive being supported in a spinner rollers support frame, and wherein the spinner assemblies are each moveably supported to enable moving the sets of spinner rollers towards and away from each other, and to clamp a tubular between the two sets of spinner rollers.

35. A vessel or drilling platform comprising the power tong according to claim 17.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0100] In the figures:

[0101] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an power tong, which power tong is provided with a spinner;

[0102] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the power tong of FIG. 1 with the spinner in an active position;

[0103] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the power tong of FIG. 1 with the spinner in an inactive positon;

[0104] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of an upper tong and a lower tong of the power tong of FIG. 1 in isolation;

[0105] FIG. 5 shows a perspective side view of the upper tong and the lower tong of the power tong of FIG. 1 in isolation and separated from each other;

[0106] FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the upper tong and the lower tong and a support frame of the power tong of FIG. 1 in isolation;

[0107] FIG. 7 shows a perspective bottom view of the upper tong and the lower tong and the support frame of the power tong of FIG. 1 in isolation;

[0108] FIG. 8 shows a cross sectional side view of a hydraulic drive of the power tong of FIG. 1;

[0109] FIG. 9 shows a top view of the lower tong of the power tong of FIG. 1;

[0110] FIG. 10 shows a top view of part of the lower tong of the power tong of FIG. 1;

[0111] FIG. 11 shows a top view of the upper tong in partial see through;

[0112] FIG. 12 shows a top view of the spinner of the power tong of FIG. 1 in isolation, wherein the spinner is in a receiving position; and

[0113] FIG. 13 shows a top view of the spinner of the power tong of FIG. 1 in isolation, wherein the spinner is in a spinning position.

[0114] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a power tong 1 according to the claimed invention. The power tong comprises an upper tong 2 and a lower tong 3.

[0115] The power tong 1 is configured for applying torque to a lower tubular 24 relative to a upper tubular 23, to thus connect and disconnect an upper threaded end of the lower tubular 24 and a lower threaded end of the upper tubular 23, more in particular to torque up and torque down a connection between the upper tubular and the lower tubular, the lower tubular 24 and upper tubular 23 being coaxially supported on a main axis 9 of the power tong 1.

[0116] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the power tong 1 is provided with a spinner 4.

[0117] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the power tong 1 with the spinner 4 in an active position, and FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the power tong of FIG. 1 with the spinner 4 in an inactive positon.

[0118] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the power tong 1 in isolation, while FIG. 5 shows the power tong 1 in isolation with the upper tong 2 and the lower tong 3 separated from each other.

[0119] The upper tong 2 and the lower tong each comprise a frame, an upper tong frame 5 and a lower tong frame 6 respectively, the frames each defining a central tubular passage 7. The upper tong 2 and the lower tong 3 each have a radial opening 8 that provides lateral access to the tubular passage 7. Thus, via the radial opening 8 a tubular can be introduced in the tubular passage 7, or be removed from the tubular passage 7, by moving the power tong 1 and the tubular relative to each other in a direction perpendicular to a main axis 9 of the power tong, which main axis extends through the tubular passage 7 of the upper tong 2 and the tubular passage 7 of the lower tong 3.

[0120] It is noted that when the power tong 1 is used for connecting or disconnecting tubulars, the main axis 9 of the power tong 1 typically coincides with a firing line of tubular supporting device, for example a multi-purpose tower, a rick, etc.

[0121] Both the upper tong 2 and the lower tong 3 comprise multiple grippers 10, which grippers are distributed around the tubular passage 7 for gripping a tubular in the tubular passage.

[0122] Each gripper 10 has a linear working axis 11 that extends perpendicular to a main axis 9 of the power tong 1. The main axis 9 runs central to the tubular passages 7 of the upper tong 2 and the lower tong 3.

[0123] The power tong 1 furthermore comprises a support frame 12 supporting the lower tong 3. In the embodiment shown, the upper tong 2 is mounted onto the lower tong 3. Both the upper tong 2 and the lower tong 3 are supported with the respective tubular passages aligned on the main axis of the power tong.

[0124] The power tong 1 furthermore comprises a torque actuator 13. The torque actuator comprises a first hydraulic drive 14 and a second hydraulic drive 15, for rotating the upper tong 2 relative to the lower tong 3 and about the main axis 9 of the power tong, to connect or disconnect a lower tubular gripped by the lower tong and the upper tubular gripped by the upper tong.

[0125] The torque actuator 13 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 8, 9, 10 and 12. FIG. 8 shows a cross sectional side view of the first hydraulic drive 14 of the power tong 1. FIG. 9 shows a top view of the lower tong 3. FIG. 10 shows a partial view of the lower tong 3, and FIG. 11 shows the upper tong in partial see through.

[0126] The first hydraulic drive 14 and the second hydraulic drive 15 each have a housing 16 and a drive shaft 17 extending from that housing. Each drive shaft 18 supports a guide wheel 19 for cooperating with a guide track 20 and comprises a pinion 21 for cooperating with a rack 22, which guide wheel 19 and pinion 21 are concentrically mounted on the drive shaft 18 of the hydraulic drive.

[0127] In the embodiment shown, the first hydraulic drive 14 and the second hydraulic drive 15 are mounted on the lower tong frame 6 of the lower tong, each with the drive shaft 17 parallel to the main axis 9 of the power tong. The upper tong 3 comprises the guide track 20 receiving the guide wheel 19. The upper tong 3 furthermore comprises the rack 22 for cooperating with the pinion 21 of the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive. The torque actuator 13 thus enables the hydraulic drives 14, 15 to rotate and guide the upper tong 2 relative to the lower tong 3.

[0128] In an alternative embodiment, the first hydraulic drive 14 and the second hydraulic drive 15 are mounted on the upper tong frame 8, each with the drive shaft 17 parallel to the main axis 9, and the lower tong 2 comprises the guide track receiving the guide wheel and the rack cooperating with the pinion of the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive, to enable the hydraulic drives to rotate and guide the upper tong relative to the lower tong.

[0129] The power tong 1 comprises the lower tong 3 for gripping the lower tubular 24 and the upper tong 2 for gripping the upper tubular 23, and is provided with a torque actuator 13, comprising a rack and pinion drive and a guide track, for rotating the upper tong relative to the lower tong.

[0130] The power tong 1 is thus adapted to apply torque to the lower tubular 24 relative to a upper tubular 23, the lower tubular and upper tubular being supported on the main axis 9 of the power tong, to thus connect and disconnect an upper threaded end 27 of the lower tubular and a lower threaded end 26 of the upper tubular.

[0131] More in particular, the spinner 4 is used to make the connection between two tubulars by driving the threaded pin end of an upper tubular 23 into the thread box end of a lower tubular 24. The power tong 1 is subsequently used to torque up the connection between the tubulars.

[0132] When disconnecting one tubular from the other, first the power tong is used to torque down the connection between the tubulars. Subsequently, the spinner is used to break the connection between two tubulars by spinning the upper tubular to drive the threaded pin end of the upper tubular out off the thread box end of a lower tubular.

[0133] When connecting one tubular with the other, first the spinner is used to make the connection between the two tubulars by spinning the upper tubular to drive the threaded pin end of the upper tubular into the thread box end of a lower tubular. Subsequently, the power tong is used to torque up the connection between the tubulars.

[0134] According to the invention, the pinion 21 and the guide wheel 19, for cooperating with the rack 22 and guide track 20 for transferring the torque, are both mounted on the drive shaft 17 of the respective hydraulic drives 14,15, which hydraulic drives are positioned with their drive shaft parallel to the main axis 9. In addition, the hydraulic drives 14,15 are positioned between the grippers 10, in other words, the hydraulic drives 14, 15 are each mounted on one of the respective tongs 2,3 and are located between the grippers 10 that are also mounted on the tongs 2,3.

[0135] In the embodiment shown, the rack 22 and pinion 21 comprise intermeshing teeth for transferring the torque generated by the hydraulic drives, i.e. to move the pinion 21 along the rack 22 and thus rotate the upper tong 2 relative to the lower tong 3. The pinion 21 is provided with teeth around a peripheral surface thereof, while the rack 22 comprises a row of teeth defining the trajectory of movement of the pinion. With a power tong according to the invention, the rack 22 extends along a curved trajectory having a centre of curvature that coincides with the main axis 9 of the power tong, more in particular the main axis of the tubular passage.

[0136] In the particular embodiment shown, the teeth of the rack 22 face inwards, i.e. towards the main axis 9, and the pinion 21 thus moves along an inward facing side of the rack 22. This allows for a compact design in combination with efficient torque transfer.

[0137] The rack 22 and the guide track 20 are adjacent to each other and extend parallel to each other. It is noted that a hydraulic drive mounted on the lower tong is to cooperated with a rack and guide track mounted on the upper tong, and vice versa. Furthermore, because the hydraulic drives are located between the grippers, a plane defined by the guide track intersects with the grippers. In an embodiment, 25% or more of the gripper, in its retracted condition, is located outside the plane defined by the guide track. In a further embodiment 40% or more of the gripper, in its retracted condition, is located outside the plane defined by the guide track.

[0138] Because the first hydraulic drive 14 and the second hydraulic drive 15 of the torque actuator 1 are mounted between the grippers 10 of the lower tong 3 and the upper tong 2, the hydraulic drives extend in the potential trajectory of movement of the grippers when the tongs 2,3 are rotated relative to each other. Even though the hydraulic drives 14,15 thus restrict the movement of the tongs 2,3 relative to each other, it has been found that this configuration allows for an effective and compact design of the power tongue 1.

[0139] Thus, the invention allows for mounting the hydraulic drives within an envelope defined by the grippers of the upper tong and lower tong, and thus for a compact and efficient power tong. It is noted that in the prior art the drives for providing the power tong with torque are typically mounted outside the envelope defined by the grippers, thus on top of the upper tong, below the lower tong, and/or on the, relative to the main axis, radial outside of the grippers. Thus prior art tongs are bulky in design.

[0140] In the embodiment shown, the guide track 20 comprises a first track section 20a for cooperating with the guide wheel 19 of the first hydraulic drive 14 and a second guide track 20b for cooperating with the guide wheel 19 of the second hydraulic drive 15.

[0141] In a further embodiment, the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive are located between the grippers, and the first track section and the second track section each extend between two grippers. Positioning the guide track and preferably the rack between the grippers as well, allows for a power tong with a more compact design.

[0142] In the embodiment shown, the guide track 20 has an inside guide surface 28 and an outside guide surface 29, the inside guide surface and the outside guide surface defining between them the guide track. The guide wheel 19 abuts both the inside guide surface and the outside guide surface, such that the guide wheel is locked between the two guide surfaces, and the freedom of movement is limited to movement along the guide track. This is in particular beneficial when large torque is to be generated, to prevent relative movement of the tongs, in particular sideways movement of the pinion relative to the rack, i.e. in a direction perpendicular to the main axis.

[0143] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, the rack 22 comprises a first rack section 22a for cooperating with the pinion 21 of the first hydraulic drive 14 and a second rack section 22b for cooperating with the pinion 21 of the second hydraulic drive 22b.

[0144] It is submitted that the lower tong 3 and the upper tong 2 are similar in set up. Typically, the lower tong 3 and the upper tong 2 comprise the same number of grippers 10. Also, the grippers 10 of the upper tong 2 are positioned above the grippers 10 of the lower tong 3, when the upper tong 2 and the lower tong 3 are positioned with their respective radial openings 5 positioned above each other.

[0145] Also, in the preferred embodiment shown, the hydraulic drives 14,15 of the torque actuator 13 are all mounted on the lower tong frame 6, and the guide track 20 and rack 22 are mounted on the upper tong frame 5. It is noted that in the embodiment shown, the power tong 1 is configured for the hydraulic drives 14,15 to rotate the upper tong 2 relative to the lower tong 3. Thus, the hydraulic drives are mounted on the stationary power tong, which facilitates connecting the hydraulic drives with a hydraulic power source, e.g. a hydraulic power source mounted on the power tong.

[0146] Typically, the upper tong 2 and the lower tong 3 need to be supported such that the tubular passage 7 of the upper tong is aligned with the tubular passage of the lower tong. It is noted that at least one tong should be moveably supported such that the tongs can rotate relative to each other. In the embodiment shown, the lower tong is fixed in positon, while the upper tong is moveable supported such that it can rotate relative to the lower tong.

[0147] In use, the lower tong will engage the lower tubular, which often is part of a string of tubulars, which string of tubulars is for example supported by slips mounted in the working deck. The string, and thus the lower tubular, is support such that it can not be rotated about its longitudinal axis. For connecting an upper tubular to the lower tubular, or for disconnecting an upper tubular from the lower tubular, that upper tubular should be rotated relative to the fixed lower tubular. Thus, the upper tong, gripping the upper tubular, should be rotated relative to the lower tong. It is noted that the power tong can be configured such that part of the power tong, for example part of the support frame, rotates with the upper tong, relative to the lower tong. In another embodiment, the power tong is configured such that of the power tong only the upper tong rotates relative to the lower tong.

[0148] The power tong support frame 12 supports the lower tong 3 and the upper tong 2, with the upper tong being located above the lower tong such that the tubular passage 7 of the upper tong is aligned with the tubular passage of the lower tong.

[0149] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment shown, the support frame 12 is configured to be coupled with a support arm, for example a moveable support arm mounted on a track extending along a drilling tower, for example a telescopic support arm mounted on a vertical track along a firing line of a multi purpose tower. the power tong is configured such that only the upper tong rotates relative to the lower tong.

[0150] In addition, the support frame 12 is configured to be coupled with a cart or trolley that can be driven over a working platform, e.g. a drilling deck of an offshore vessel, to move the power tong into and out of position near a firing line of a drilling tower, for example a derrick or multi purpose tower. The tubulars to be handled by the power tong are supported on the firing line. To enable the lower tong and the upper tong to respectively engage the lower tubular and the upper tubular, the tubulars should be located in the tubular passage of the power tong. Thus, the power tong is to be positioned with firing line passing through the tubular passage.

[0151] In the particular embodiment shown, the power tong support frame 12 supports the lower tong 3. The lower tong frame 6 is provided with positioning guides 30 interacting with positioning guides 31 of the upper tong frame 5, such that the upper tong is positioned in the vertical direction relative to the lower tong and can be rotated relative to the lower tong, see FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. Thus, the interacting positioning guides 30,31 position the upper tong 2 relative to the lower tong 3 in a vertical direction and in the horizontal plane.

[0152] The lower tong 3 and the upper tong 2 are each provided with multiple grippers, in the particular embodiment shown three grippers 10. The grippers 10 have a linear working axis 11, the working axis extending perpendicular to the main axis 9, to engage a tubular supported in the tubular passage perpendicular to a circumferential surface of that tubular.

[0153] The grippers 10 of each tong 2,3 are arranged around the tubular passage 7 for gripping a tubular in the tubular passage from different sides. The grippers 10 are furthermore configured to engage the tubulars with a force high enough to enable transferring the torque transfer required for torqueing up, or torqueing down, the connection between the two tubulars.

[0154] In the embodiment shown, the grippers 10 are embodied as cylinders, more in particular hydraulic cylinders. In an alternative embodiment, the grippers may be mechanical grippers, for example comprising a driven pinion engaging a rack, or may comprise an electric spindle.

[0155] The cylinders comprises a gripper actuator part 32, comprising the cylinder body, and a gripper beak part 33, comprising a piston 34 and a pad 35. The gripper beak part 33 is moveable supported in the actuator part 32. The actuator part is configured for moving the gripper beak part along the work axis 11. The work axis 11 of the gripper 10 extends in a radial direction, and perpendicular, to the main axis 9 of the power tong 1.

[0156] It is noted that when the upper tong and the lower tong are rotated relative to each other, they engage a threaded end of respectively the upper tubular and the lower tubular. The lower tubular is typically fixed in position, e.g. is held by slips in a drill floor or working deck. Furthermore, the power tong is used when the lower threaded end of the upper tubular is in engagement with the upper threaded end of the lower tubular. Thus, the lower tubular also positions the upper tubular. Both located in the tubular passage of the power tong to enable the lower tong and the upper tong to respectively engage the lower tubular and the upper tubular.

[0157] In the embodiment shown, the power tong is provided with a spinner. The spinner is mounted on top of the power tong, and is aligned with the central axis of the power tong such that when the power tong engages the tubulars supported in the firing line, the upper tubular, more in particular the lower end of the upper tubular, is received in the spinner.

[0158] The spinner 4 is used for coupling and decoupling a threaded connection between two tubulars supported in the tubular passage. The spinner 4 is configured for rotating the upper tubular 23 with a high number of revolutions per time unit, but with low torque. As such the spinner 4 is used for driving the threaded lower end of the upper tubular 23 into the threaded upper end of the lower tubular 24, after which the power tong 1 is used to torque up the connection, and vice versa.

[0159] In use the power tong 1 is supported by a support arm, for example a moveable support arm mounted on a track extending along a drilling tower, a cart, for example a skid cart. The power tong will be supported such that it can be moved in a horizontal direction for engaging and disengaging tubulars supported in a firing line. For example, the support arm may be a telescopic support arm configured to telescopically extend in a horizontal direction, or the skid cart is provided with a hingeable frame that moveably sports the power tong.

[0160] Thus, the power tong will be set up adjacent the firing line. For example, when an upper tubular is supported in the firing line, for example by a hoisting device or under a top drive, that has to be connected to a lower tubular supported in slips in the drilling deck,

[0161] The lower tubular 24 is to be positioned on the main axis 9 of the power tong 1 by the lower tong gripping the lower tubular. More in particular, the power tong 1 is to be positioned relative to the lower tubular 24, which is supported in a fixed position.

[0162] Therefore, the power tong is moved towards the firing line with the radial openings of the tongs aligned. Thus, the power tong can engage the tubulars supported in the firing line, and receive the tubulars in the tubular passage of the power tong.

[0163] The lower tong 3 and upper tong 2 are positioned into an input-output position relative to each other, see for example FIG. 1. In the input-output position, the lower tong 3 and the upper tong 2 have an angular position relative to each other such that the radial openings 8, when seen in top view, are aligned. Thus, when the lower tong and the upper tong are in the input-output position, a tubular, or tubulars, can be moved via the radial opening of the lower tong and the radial opening of the upper tong towards and away from the main axis.

[0164] Once the tubulars have thus been received in the tubular passage, the power tong, more in particular the lower tong is more exactly positioned by gripping the lower tubular, which is fixed in position relative to the drilling deck. By gripping the upper end of the lower tubular, the lower tong, and thus the upper tong supported by the lower tong, is positioned relative to the lower tubular.

[0165] It is noted that when an upper tubular 23 is to be connected with a lower tubular 24, the upper tubular is typically supported at its upper end, its lower end hanging free. In the embodiment shown, the spinner 4 can be opened wide to receive an upper tubular 23, more in particular the lower end of an upper tubular, that is not exactly aligned with the lower tubular 24, more in particular the upper end of the lower tubular. Subsequently closing of the spinner 4 aligns the lower end of the upper tubular 23 with the upper end of the lower tubular 24 held in the lower tong 3.

[0166] The upper tubular is subsequently lowered, and is guide by the spinner with its lower threaded end, or pin end, into the upper threaded end, or box end, of the lower tubular. The spinner rotates the upper tubular to make the threaded connection between the upper tubular and the lower tubular.

[0167] Once the lower tubular and the upper tubular are connected by spinning the threaded lower end of the upper tubular into the threaded upper end of the lower tubular, the upper tong grips the lower end of the upper tubular, to enable the power tong to torque up the connection.

[0168] The torque actuator 13, comprising the first hydraulic drive 14 and the second hydraulic drive 15, is used for rotating the upper tong 2 relative to the lower tong 3 and about the main axis 9, to torque up the connection.

[0169] In the embodiment shown, the upper tong is an active (or wrenching) tong, i.e. the tong that supplies torque to the section of pipe above the threaded connection, while the lower tong is a passive (or back up) tong that supplies a reaction torque below the threaded connection. The back up tong clamps the pipe below the threaded connection, and prevents it from rotating.

[0170] In the embodiment shown, the lower tong and the upper tong each comprise three grippers. The grippers are positioned at regular intervals about the main axis, such that for each tong the work axis of the grippers extend perpendicular to the main axis and the work axis of two grippers extend at a relative angle of 120 degrees.

[0171] Furthermore, the lower tong is provided with both the first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive, and the upper tong is provided with the guide track and the rack. The first hydraulic drive and the second hydraulic drive are mounted to the frame of the lower tong such that their respective drive shafts are directed upwards, and the guide wheel and the pinion mounted on the drive shaft engage the guide track and the rack respectively.

[0172] Furthermore, the guide track and the rack comprise a first guide track section and a first rack section for cooperating with the guide wheel and the pinion of the first hydraulic drive and a second guide track section and a second rack section for cooperating with the guide wheel and the pinion of the second hydraulic drive.

[0173] The first guide track section and the first rack section extend between a first and a second gripper, the second guide track and the second rack section extend between the second gripper and the third gripper, and the radial opening of both the lower yaw and the upper yaw is located between the third gripper and the first gripper.

[0174] The guide wheel is located at the end of the drive shaft, and the pinion is located between the guide wheel and the housing of the hydraulic motor.

[0175] The guide track and the rack each extend along a curved trajectory, the curved trajectories each having the main axis as the centre of curvature, such that the guide track and the rack extend parallel to each other, see FIG. 11.

[0176] The hydraulic drives, including the pin and guide wheel, have a height larger than the height of the grippers of the lower tong and the upper tong, see FIG. 5. Thus, the hydraulic drives are located between the grippers of the lower tong and extends in a space between the grippers of the upper tong.

[0177] In the embodiment shown, the spinner 4 is used to make the connection between two tubulars, e.g. driving the threaded pin end of an upper tubular into the thread box end of a lower tubular. The power tong is, more in particular, the upper tong and the lower tong are, subsequently used to torque up the connection between the tubulars, and vice versa.

[0178] In the embodiment shown, the spinner 4 comprises a spinner frame 41. The spinner frame 41 is moveably supported by the power tong support frame 12, such that the spinner can be moved along the main axis 9 of the power tong 1.

[0179] Thus, the spinner 4 can engage the lower end of an upper tubular and move with that end, more in particular guide that end, while it is lowered into the upper end of the lower tubular held by the lower tong. Furthermore, the spinner can thus be lowered with the upper tubular while its threaded end is spun into the threaded end of the lower tubular.

[0180] In this context it is noted that the vertical displacement of the upper tubular relative to the lower tubular during the spinning action is significant. The spinner engages the upper tubular such that the tubular can not be moved relative to the spinner in a vertical direction. Therefore, the spinner is lowered with the tubular during the spinning action.

[0181] It is furthermore noted that a torque up or a torque down of a connection between two tubulars only causes a minimal vertical displacement of the upper tubular relative to the lower tubular. Therefore, the upper tong does not have to be moved in the vertical direction relative to the lower tong, and relative the lower tubular gripped by the lower tong, during the torque action.

[0182] In the preferred embodiment shown, the spinner 4 comprises two spinner assemblies 36. Each spinner assembly 36 comprises a set of spinner rollers 37 and one hydraulic drive 38 for rotating the spinner rollers. The spinner rollers 37 and a hydraulic drive 38 are supported in a spinner rollers support frame 39, wherein the spinner assemblies are each moveably supported, by a by a linear actuator in the form of a hydraulic actuator 40, to enable moving the sets of spinner rollers towards and away from each other, and to clamp a tubular between the two sets of spinner rollers.

[0183] The spinner assemblies 38 are each moveably supported by a linear actuator 40. The linear actuators 40 are positioned opposite each other, such that working lines of the actuators, indicated with a dotted line, can coincide. In the preferred embodiment shown, the actuators 40 are pivotably mounted onto a spinner frame 39 such that they can pivot about a pivot axis extending parallel to the main axis of the power tong. The use of linear actuators allows for a direct control of the position at which the spinner assembly is located, and of the force with which the tubular is held between the spinner assemblies.

[0184] The spinner further comprises a guide mechanism 42 comprising two L-shaped guide arms 43, which L-shaped guide arms are pivotably supported at their elbow section such that they can pivot about a guide arm pivot axis parallel to the main axis.

[0185] The L-shaped guide arms 43 each have at one end a curved and teethed couple surface 44, the center of curvature of the couple surface coinciding with the guide arm pivot axis of the respective guide arm. The guide arms 43 engage each other with said couple surfaces 44. Furthermore, at an opposite end, the L-shaped guide arms 43 are each slideable coupled with one of the assemblies 36, in the embodiment shown comprise a slot that engages a notch provided on a spinner roller support frame.

[0186] This embodiment allows for an accurate guiding of the spinner assemblies, in particular because movement of one spinner assembly is directly coupled to movement of the second spinner assembly, and thus the positon of the first spinner assembly is directly coupled to the position of the second spinner assembly.

[0187] In the embodiment shown, the spinner frame 41 is hingeable supported by the power tong support frame. The spinner 4 can be pivoted about a pivot axis parallel to the main axis, between an active position and an inactive position. Thus, the spinner can not only be moved in the vertical direction, parallel to the main axis of the power tong, but can also be moved in a direction perpendicular to the main axis.

[0188] In the active position, for example depicted in FIG. 2, the spinner rollers can engage a tubular located on the main axis of the power tong. In the inactive positon, for example depicted in FIG. 3, the spinner rollers are moved away for the main axis. Thus, the spinner can be moved away from the main axis to enable an object, for example a flange of a tubular or a device mounted onto a tubular or between two tubulars, to be lowered along the main axis without engaging the spinner assemblies.

REFERENCE SIGNS

[0189] 01 power tong [0190] 02 upper tong [0191] 03 lower tong [0192] 04 spinner [0193] 05 upper tong frame [0194] 06 lower tong frame [0195] 07 tubular passage [0196] 08 radial opening [0197] 09 main axis [0198] 10 grippers [0199] 11 linear working axis gripper [0200] 12 power tong support frame [0201] 13 torque actuator [0202] 14 first hydraulic drive [0203] 15 second hydraulic drive [0204] 16 housing hydraulic drive [0205] 17 drive shaft hydraulic drive [0206] 18 drive shaft hydraulic drive [0207] 19 guide wheel hydraulic drive [0208] 20 guide track hydraulic drive [0209] 20a first section guide track [0210] 20b second section guide track [0211] 21 pinion hydraulic drive [0212] 22 rack for cooperating with the pinion of the hydraulic drive [0213] 22a first section rack [0214] 22b second section rack [0215] 23 upper tubular [0216] 24 lower tubular [0217] 25 firing line [0218] 26 lower threaded end upper tubular [0219] 27 upper threaded end lower tubular [0220] 28 inside guide surface [0221] 29 outside guide surface [0222] 30 positioning guides lower tong [0223] 31 positioning guide upper tong [0224] 32 gripper actuator part [0225] 33 gripper beak part [0226] 34 piston [0227] 35 pad [0228] 36 spinner assembly [0229] 37 spinner rollers [0230] 38 hydraulic drive [0231] 39 spinner rollers support frame [0232] 40 hydraulic actuator [0233] 41 Spinner frame [0234] 42 spinner guide mechanism [0235] 43 L-shaped guide arms [0236] 44 couple surface