STRAW-BASED POT BODY BLANKET SEEDLING GROWTH SUBSTRATE AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR

Abstract

A straw-based pot body blanket seedling growth substrate using straw fibres as a framework, utilising an enhancer, a retention aid and a wet strength agent as additives, and being prepared from composite decomposed livestock manure, perlite and vermiculite, the addition amount of the straw fibres being 60-70 v/v %, the addition amount of the decomposed livestock manure being 5-10 v/v %, the addition amount of the perlite being 5-10 v/v %, the addition amount of the vermiculite being 5-10 v/v %. The pot body blanket seedling growth substrate is suitable for cutting and easily implementing fully automated transplantation, is beneficial for root growth, shortens seeding growth periods, and increases seedling growth bed emergence rates. The pot body blanket seedling growth substrate may be applied to solanaceae seedling growth, and can also provide a block-shaped substrate for landscape flowers and plants in a three-dimensional arrangements.

Claims

1. A straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate, wherein, the substrate uses straw fibers as a framework, utilizes an enhancer, a retention agent and a wet strength agent as additives, and is prepared by combining with decomposed livestock manure, perlite and vermiculite.

2. The straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the straw fibers is 60-70 v/v %; the addition amount of the decomposed livestock manure is 5-10 v/v %; the addition amount of the perlite is 5-10 v/v %; and the addition amount of the vermiculite is 5-10 v/v %.

3. The straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 2, wherein the enhancer is an alkyl ketene dimer neutral sizing agent, and the addition amount accounts for 0.1-2.5% of the mass of the straw fibers.

4. The straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 3, wherein the retention agent is cationic polyacrylamide, and the addition amount accounts for 0.1-1.0% of the mass of the straw fibers.

5. The straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 4, wherein the wet strength agent is a polyamide epoxy resin, and the addition amount accounts for 0.5-5.5% of the mass of the straw fibers.

6. The straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 5, wherein the straw fibers are rice or wheat straw fibers.

7. The straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 6, wherein the pot body substrate block of the straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate is in a block shape, with an upper diameter of 1.0 cm and a lower diameter of 0.2 cm-0.5 cm and a depth of 0.5 cm-1.0 cm, in an inverted cone shape; the spacing of the pot body substrate blocks is 0.3 cm-0.5 cm; and reinforcement ribs are provided between the pot body substrate blocks, with a thickness of 0.2 cm-0.3 cm.

8. The straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the blanket portion of the straw-based pot body blanket seeding cultivation substrate is 2.0 cm-3.0 cm.

9. A method for preparing the straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: controlling the depth of the pot body by enhancers using a vacuum adsorption molding die; preparing a pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate by adjusting the addition amount of the straw fibers, the thickness of the blanket portion and the addition amount of various components in the substrate.

10. An application of the straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate according to claim 1, wherein the daily watering amount is 10-100 mL/seedling according to the characteristics of the tap root system of the solanaceae, and the tidal irrigation method is used to make the bottom moist and facilitate the growth of the root system; the upper adhesion part is dry, with little or no root growth.

Description

V. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG. 1 is a top view and a front view of the pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate of the present invention;

[0020] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate of the present invention.

VI. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are explicitly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the embodiments described herein are only a part but not all of embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] A straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate, using straw fiber as a framework, utilizing an enhancer, a retention agent and a wet strength agent as additives, and being prepared by combining with decomposed livestock manure, perlite and vermiculite. Wherein, straw fibers are rice or wheat straw fibers. The addition amount of the straw fibers is 60-70 v/v %; the addition amount of the decomposed livestock manure is 5-10 v/v %; the addition amount of the perlite is 5-10 v/v %; and the addition amount of the vermiculite is 5-10 v/v %. It can improve the root twining of solanaceae seedlings while improving the efficiency of transplantation.

[0023] Wherein, the enhancer is alkyl ketene dimer neutral sizing agent (AKD), and the addition amount accounts for 0.1-2.5% of the mass of the straw fibers. The retention agent is cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), and the addition amount accounts for 0.1-1% of the mass of the straw fibers. The wet strength agent is a polyamide epoxy resin (PAE), and the addition amount accounts for 0.5-5.5% of the mass of the straw fibers.

[0024] By adjusting the addition amount of the enhancer, retention agent and wet strength agent, the toughness, water retention and entwining property of the pot body blanket seedling is adjusted to prepare a pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate with moderate tensile strength to facilitate cutting, enhance the transplanting efficiency and reduce labors.

[0025] As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the pot body substrate block of the straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate is in a block shape, with an upper diameter of 1.0 cm and a lower diameter of 0.5 cm and a depth of 0.5 cm-1.0 cm, in an inverted cone shape; the spacing of the pot body substrate blocks is 0.3 cm-0.5 cm, and reinforcement ribs are provided between the pot body substrate blocks, with a thickness of 0.2 cm-0.3 cm, which can effectively prevent collapse of the pot body at the cutting place caused by too much moisture during the seedling cultivation period. The thickness of the blanket portion of the straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate is 2.0 cm-3.0 cm.

[0026] A preparation method of straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate includes the following steps:

[0027] Controlling the depth of the pot body by enhancers using a vacuum adsorption molding die; preparing a pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrate by adjusting the addition amount of the straw fibers, the thickness of the blanket portion and the addition amount of various components in the substrate.

[0028] According to the characteristics of the tap root system of the solanaceae, i.e. the main root and the lateral root are distinctly defined, and the main root is strongly inserted into the soil. As the depth increases, the root length density of the intact root decreases rapidly. The growth of root system is controlled by water. The daily watering amount is 10-100 mL/seedling. The tidal irrigation method is used to make the bottom moist and facilitate the growth of the root system; the upper adhesion part is dry, with little or no root growth, reducing damage to the root system while transplanting and cutting.

[0029] After sowing the prepared pot body blanket seedlings, the effects of different formulas on the morphological indexes of the seedlings, including the germination, seedling plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf area, root-shoot ratio and other growth indicators, and the entwining property of the blanket seedlings after seedling formation, i.e. the tensile strength, integrity, etc. are determined.

[0030] Table 1 exemplifies the ratio of components of 4 types of straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrates prepared by the preparation method of the present invention, and Table 2 shows the comparisons of basic properties between the 4 types of straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrates and the whole substrate.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Ratio of components of four types of straw-based pot body blanket seedling cultivation substrates Decomposed Straw livestock fibers manure Perlite Vermiculite Addition amount (%) No. (v/v %) (v/v %) (v/v %) (v/v %) AKD CPAM PAE Whole substrate 70 10 10 10 0 0 0 (comparison) I-blanket 70 10 10 10 2 2 2 substrate II- blanket 70 10 10 10 1 1 2 substrate III- blanket 65 15 10 10 1 2 1 substrate IV- blanket 60 20 10 10 3 2 3 substrate

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Basic properties of blanket seedling cultivation substrate Water- Tensile Aeration holding Total strength porosity % porosity % porosity % Mpa Whole substrate 18.2 54.7 72.9 0.05 (comparison) I-blanket substrate 16.6 49.2 65.8 0.35 II- blanket substrate 17.2 47.6 64.8 0.25 III- blanket substrate 17.2 51.2 68.4 0.2 IV- blanket substrate 18.1 44.5 62.6 0.15
Taking tomato seedlings as an example, the effects of different substrates on the morphological indexes of seedlings are determined by using the whole substrate and the 4 types of blanket substrates in Table 2, results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Growth indexes of tomato seedlings Seedling Stem Root Leaf Fresh weight Dry weight height diameter length area Chlorophyll (g) (g) Sample (mm) (mm) (mm) (cm.sup.2) (CCI) Shoot Root Shoot Root Whole substrate 94.39 2.11 89.70 34.07 9.67 0.74 0.61 0.10 0.08 (comparison) I-blanket 120.53 2.29 90.45 50.19 11.63 1.39 0.89 0.12 0.09 substrate II- blanket 113.77 2.11 88.55 62.45 13.07 1.29 1.01 0.19 0.15 substrate III- blanket 133.56 3.11 89.91 65.40 15.66 1.44 1.25 0.30 0.17 substrate IV- blanket 129.23 2.48 84.76 63.22 14.98 1.21 1.10 0.35 0.15 substrate
A transplanting test is carried out by using a modified transplanter. Taking tomato as an example, the dryland transplanting test data is shown in Table 4.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Dryland transplanting test of tomato Reveal Replanting Lodging Seedling Seedling Injury rate Pass rate rate rate bury rate rate of seedling rate Sample (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Whole a 2.56 1.54 4.14 2.05 2.56 3.62 83.54 substrate b 2.03 2.03 3.58 1.02 2.03 4.08 85.23 (comparison) I-blanket substrate II- blanket a 0.38 1.87 0.76 1.87 1.13 1.88 92.12 substrate b 1.93 1.16 1.56 0.77 1.16 1.17 92.26 III- blanket substrate IV- blanket a 1.47 1.47 1.48 1.10 0.73 1.47 92.29 substrate Whole b 1.14 1.14 0.77 1.14 0.76 1.53 93.52 substrate (comparison) I-blanket a 0.44 0.88 1.33 0.44 0.88 1.77 94.27 substrate b 1.31 1.31 0.88 0.87 0.43 0.88 94.33 II- blanket substrate III- blanket a 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.45 0.89 1.80 94.18 substrate b 0.44 1.31 1.32 0.87 1.30 2.18 92.58 a, b: parallel treatment

[0031] While the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to those embodiments. Those skilled in the art should recognize that various variations, modifications, substitutions and variants can be made to those embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the accompanying claims and their equivalents.