Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

Abstract

A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder, a cooling jacket arrangement with a first cooling jacket arranged in the region of a longitudinal central plane of the cylinder head, a second cooling jacket facing a fire deck of the cylinder head, and a third cooling jacket facing away from the fire deck, wherein the first cooling jacket and the second cooling jacket are flow connected to the third cooling jacket via at least one first transfer section and at least one second transfer section respectively.

Claims

1. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head comprising: at least one cylinder; and a cooling jacket arrangement with a first cooling jacket arranged in the region of a longitudinal central plane of the cylinder head, and the first cooling jacket is configured and arranged to be flow-connected to the cooling chamber of a cylinder block via at least one first inlet opening, a second cooling jacket facing a fire deck of the cylinder head, and adjoins an underside of an exhaust manifold integrated into the cylinder head on an outlet side, and the second cooling jacket is configured and arranged to be flow-connectable via at least one second inlet opening in the fire deck to at least one cooling chamber of the cylinder block connectable to the cylinder head, and a third continuous cooling jacket facing away from the fire deck, and is adjacent to an upper side of the exhaust manifold; wherein the first cooling jacket is further configured and arranged to be directly flow-connected to the third cooling jacket via at least one first transfer section and the section cooling jacket is further configured and arranged to be directly flow-connected to the third cooling jacket via at least one second transfer section; and the third cooling jacket is configured and arranged to be flow-connectable to the cooling chamber of the cylinder block via at least one outlet opening arranged on the inlet side of the cylinder head.

2. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the first inlet opening and/or the second inlet opening are arranged on the outlet side of the cylinder head.

3. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the third cooling jacket is separated from the first and the second cooling jackets by an intermediate deck.

4. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the first cooling jacket is configured and arranged to be flow-connectable to the cooling chamber of the cylinder block via at least one outlet opening arranged on the inlet side of the cylinder head.

5. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the third cooling jacket is configured and arranged to be flow-connectable to a vehicle heater via at least one transfer section opening.

6. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the third cooling jacket extends from an outlet side of the cylinder head in the direction of an inlet side of the cylinder head up to at least one intermediate cylinder region.

7. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the first cooling jacket has, in at least one central region of at least one cylinder, a channel ring arranged concentrically relative to its cylinder axis.

8. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the first cooling jacket has at least one radial channel and/or a channel bridge adjoining at least one exhaust valve seat region.

9. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the second cooling jacket extends from an edge region of the cylinder into an outlet flange region of the cylinder head.

10. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one first and/or the at least one second transfer section is configured and arranged to be formed by a bore with a defined diameter.

11. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one limiting element is arranged in the region of at least one first and/or second inlet opening of the fire deck and/or in the region of at least one outlet opening.

12. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two of the first, second and third cooling jackets have different flow cross-sections.

13. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and the second cooling chamber are formed by a common integral casting core.

14. An internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder head; and a cooling jacket arrangement with a first cooling jacket arranged in the region of a longitudinal central plane of the cylinder head, and is configured and arranged to be flow-connected to the cooling chamber of a cylinder block via at least one first inlet opening, a second cooling jacket facing a fire deck of the cylinder head, and adjoins an underside of an exhaust manifold integrated into the cylinder head on an outlet side, and the second cooling jacket is configured and arranged to be flow-connectable via at least one second inlet opening in the fire deck to at least one cooling chamber of the cylinder connectable to the cylinder head, and a third continuous cooling jacket facing away from the fire deck, and is adjacent to an upper side of the exhaust manifold, the third cooling jacket is configured and arranged to be flow-connectable to the cooling chamber of the cylinder block via at least one outlet opening arranged on the inlet side of the cylinder head; wherein the first cooling jacket is further configured and arranged to be directly flow-connected to the third cooling jacket.

15. The internal combustion engine of claim 14, wherein the first cooling jacket is further configured and arranged to be directly flow-connected to the third cooling jacket via at least one first transfer section and the second cooling jacket is further configured and arranged to be flow-connected to the third cooling jacket via at least one second transfer section.

16. The internal combustion engine of claim 14, characterized in that the first inlet opening and/or the second inlet opening are arranged on the outlet side of the cylinder head.

17. The internal combustion engine of claim 14, characterized in that the third cooling jacket is separated from the first and the second cooling jackets by an intermediate deck.

18. The internal combustion engine of claim 14, characterized in that the first cooling jacket is configured and arranged to be flow-connectable to the cooling chamber of the cylinder block via at least one outlet opening arranged on the inlet side of the cylinder head.

19. The cylinder head of claim 8, wherein the radial channel or the channel bridge originate from a channel ring arranged in at least one central region of a cylinder.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention is explained in detail below using a non-restrictive embodiment example shown in the figures, which schematically show as follows:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a cooling jacket arrangement according to the invention in an oblique view;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a first and a second cooling jacket of the cooling jacket arrangement in an oblique view;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a third cooling jacket of the cooling jacket arrangement in an oblique view;

(5) FIG. 4 shows the cooling jacket arrangement in a plan view;

(6) FIG. 5 shows the first and second cooling jackets of the cooling jacket arrangement in a plan view;

(7) FIG. 6 shows the cooling jacket arrangement in a side view according to line VI-VI in FIG. 4;

(8) FIG. 7 shows the cooling jacket arrangement in a section according to line VII-VII in FIG. 4;

(9) FIG. 8 shows a cylinder head according to the invention, comprising a cooling jacket arrangement according to the invention in a first section transverse to its longitudinal central plane;

(10) FIG. 9 shows the cylinder head from FIG. 8 in a second section transversely to its longitudinal central plane; and

(11) FIG. 10 shows a cylinder block in a section according to the X-X line in FIG. 9.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(12) FIGS. 1 to 7 show a three-part cooling jacket arrangement 4 for a cylinder head 5 of an internal combustion engine with several cylinders 6, which coolant arrangement 4 comprises a first cooling jacket 1, a second cooling jacket 2 and a third cooling jacket 3.

(13) The first cooling jacket 1 adjoining the combustion chamber or fire deck 13 (or the cylinder head base) of the cylinder head 5 is arranged in the region of a longitudinal central plane 6b of the cylinder head 5 separating an outlet side 5a and an inlet side 5b, which is clamped by the cylinder axes 6a of the cylinder 6. The cylinder head 5 has an integrated exhaust manifold 7 on the exhaust side 5a, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. Furthermore, the cylinder head 5 has two exhaust valve openings 9 for two exhaust ducts 8 leading to the integrated exhaust manifold 7 and two intake valve openings 11 for two intake ducts 10 arranged on the inlet side 5b on the exhaust side 5a per cylinder 6. In addition, the cylinder head 5 has per cylinder 6 a central opening 12 in the fire deck 13 in the area of the cylinder axis 6a for a component opening into the combustion chamber 6c of a cylinder 6, for example an injection device or a spark plug.

(14) The second cooling jacket 2 of the cooling jacket arrangement 4 is arranged between the fire deck 13 of the cylinder head 5 and the underside 7a of the exhaust manifold 7 facing the fire deck 13. The third cooling jacket 3 is arranged in the area of an upper side 7b of the exhaust manifold 7 facing away from the fire deck 13. The second cooling jacket 2 and the third cooling jacket 3 connect directly to the exhaust manifold 7 and are separated from it only by the duct walls 7aw or 7bw on the underside 7a or upper side 7b (FIG. 8 and FIG. 9). The flow cross-sections of the first 1, second 2 and third cooling jackets 3 can be dimensioned differently. The first cooling jacket 1 and the second cooling jacket 2 can be produced by a common casting core.

(15) In the fire deck 13 of the cylinder head 5, first inlet openings 14 and second inlet openings 15 for coolant are arranged in the area of the outlet side 5a. The first inlet openings 14 are connected to the first cooling jacket 1, the second inlet openings 15 to the second cooling jacket 2. Via these first inlet openings 14 and second inlet openings 15, the first cooling jacket 1 or second cooling jacket 2 can be connected to cooling chambers 16 of a cylinder block indicated in FIG. 10 with reference numeral 17, which is attached to the cylinder head base 13 of the cylinder head 5. The coolant flows into the cooling jackets 1, 2, 3 can be adjusted by means of dimensioning the cross-sections of the inlet openings 14, 15 and/or passages corresponding thereto in an adjoining cylinder head gasket (not shown further).

(16) The first cooling jacket 1 and the second cooling jacket 2 are separated from the third cooling jacket 3 by an intermediate deck 20. However, the third cooling jacket 3 is connected to the first cooling jacket 1 via at least one first transfer section 18 and to the second cooling jacket 2 via at least one second transfer section 19. The transfer sections 18, 19 extend, for example, in the intermediate deck 20 and have a defined flow cross-section.

(17) The third cooling jacket 3 can be flow-connected via at least one transfer section opening 21—which is positioned in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, for example, at the highest point of the third cooling jacket 3—to a vehicle radiator for heating the interior of the vehicle, which is not shown further, said transfer section opening 21 being arranged in the region of a transverse central plane 23b of the cylinder head extending normally to the longitudinal central plane 6b and parallel to the cylinder axes 6a.

(18) In order to optimally cool thermally critical areas between the cylinders 6, the embodiment example shows the third cooling jacket 3 extending from the upper side 7b of the exhaust manifold 7 via finger-like first channel extensions 3a to an intermediate cylinder area 22, in particular on both sides of an intermediate transverse plane 23c between two adjacent cylinders 6. The intermediate transverse plane 23c is arranged normally to the longitudinal central plane 6b of the cylinder head 5 and parallel to the cylinder axes 6a (FIG. 3, FIG. 4) or extends parallel to the cylinder head transverse central plane 23b or coincides with it.

(19) Also in the area of the end faces 5c, 5d of the cylinder head 5, the third cooling jacket has 3 finger-like second channel extensions 3b with a smaller cross-section than the first channel extensions 3a. Of these second channel extensions 3b, the one shown in FIG. 4 on the first end face 5c serves to supply the coolant from the cooling chambers 16 of the cylinder block 17 via a third inlet opening 27 to the third cooling jacket 3.

(20) The first cooling jacket 1 surrounds the central opening 12 in a central channel ring 1a per cylinder 6 so that this hot area is cooled particularly well. The central channel rings 1a of adjacent cylinders 6 are connected to each other via channel bridges 1b extending in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head 5, i.e. essentially parallel to the longitudinal central plane 6b (FIG. 2, FIG. 5). Furthermore, the central channel rings 1a are connected to the first inlet openings 14 via radial channels 1c on the outlet side and to the first outlet openings 25 via radial channels 1d on the inlet side (FIG. 5). The channel bridges 1b and the radial channels 1c on the outlet side are formed adjacent to the outlet valve seat areas 29.

(21) The second cooling jacket 2 extends from cylinder 6 to an outlet flange area 24.

(22) The first cooling jacket 1 is flow-connected to the cooling chamber 16 of the cylinder block 17 via first outlet openings 25 and the third cooling jacket 3 is flow-connected to the cooling chamber 16 of the cylinder block 17 via third outlet openings 26, wherein the outlet openings 25 and 26 are each arranged on the inlet side 5b of the cylinder head 5. The first outlet openings 25 are arranged on both sides of a cylinder central transverse plane 23a extending normally to the longitudinal central plane 6b and through the cylinder axis 6a (FIG. 2, FIG. 4).

(23) In FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, arrows S indicate the flow directions of the coolant in cooling jackets 1, 2 and 3. In addition, first transfer sections 18 and second transfer sections 19, the transfer section opening 21 and the inlet openings 14, 15 are shown. The drawings also show that an intermediate deck 20 is provided between the lower first cooling jacket 1 and the upper third cooling jacket 3. The intermediate deck 20 increases the strength and rigidity of the cylinder head 5 and reduces thermal expansion. Furthermore, the additional intermediate deck 20 has the advantage that the coolant is kept in the area of the fire deck 13, i.e. where effective cooling is required.

(24) The cooling jackets 1, 2, 3 are arranged above the cooling chambers 16 of the cylinder block 17. In order to specify a flow direction in the cooling chambers 16 of the cylinder block 17 and thus subsequently the inlet conditions (in particular location and flow velocity) in the first cooling jacket 1 and second cooling jacket 2 and subsequently also the outlet conditions in the cooling chambers 16 of the cylinder block 17, at least one limiting element 28 or a plurality of limiting elements 28 is arranged in the region—in particular in the cooling chambers 16 of the cylinder block 17—of at least one first 14 and/or second inlet opening 15 of the fire deck 13 and/or in the region of at least one outlet opening 25, 26 of the cylinder head 5 (FIG. 10). The limiting elements 28 are cross-sectional constrictions with a defined flow cross-section that reduce the flow cross-section. The limiting elements 28 can, for example, be formed by inserts 28a or indentations 28b of the walls in the respective coolant flow paths. In particular, the limiting elements 28 may be located in the cold rooms 16 of the cylinder block 17 and/or in the area of the first inlet opening 14 and/or second inlet opening 15 of the fire deck 13 and/or in the area of an outlet opening 25, 26. In FIG. 10 the approximate positions of the first and second inlet openings of the first 1 and second cooling chambers of the cylinder head 5 are indicated for the first cylinder 6 with reference numerals 14, 15.

(25) The first coolant jacket 1 and the second coolant jacket 2 are separately flowed into from the cooling chamber 16 of the cylinder block 17.

(26) All cooling jackets 1, 2, 3 are mainly designed as channels in which the liquid coolant is fed and free of large cavities. In order to keep the pressure loss in the overall system small or to avoid it, the channels of the cooling jackets 1, 2, 3 are designed with different cross-sections.

(27) The two lower cooling jackets 1, 2 can be produced as a common sand core due to their design and shape. This makes the three-part cooling jacket arrangement 4 easy to produce.

(28) In order to keep the required coolant quantity low and to achieve small flow cross-sections with high coolant speeds, first coolant jacket 1, second coolant jacket 2 and/or third coolant jacket 3 have recesses 31, 32, 33 which are formed by material accumulations in the cylinder head 5.

(29) The cooling jacket arrangement 4 according to the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 10. It can easily be adapted to a different number of cylinders or a different geometry of the integrated exhaust manifold 7. Special features are the three-part design, the separate inflow of the first 1 and the second cooling jacket 2, as well as the sole cross-flow of the coolant in the cooling jackets 1, 2, 3, which is essentially normal to the longitudinal central plane 6b.