RESONANT MULTI-RANGE ANTENNA

Abstract

The invention relates to antenna technology. An antenna comprises a matching device in the form of a transformer consisting of a primary winding and a secondary winding, a radiating vibrator in the form of a planar or three-dimensional conducting body, the radiating vibrator being connected to the secondary winding and arranged in a magnetic field of the matching transformer. Reactive discrete components (of capacitance, inductance) are galvanically connected within a gap to the matching transformer using controlled relays, or capacitive elements arranged alongside turns of the secondary winding of the transformer are connected using relays to one of the points of the transformer. The technical result is the capability of rapid retuning of the working frequency of the antenna in a broad range of frequencies and, consequently, the capability of compensating for the influence of external objects which have capacitance, and switching to other radio signal reception and transmission frequency channels.

Claims

1. An antenna with a matching device, comprising a matching device in the form of a transformer, consisting of a primary winding and a secondary winding, a radiating vibrator in the form of a planar or three-dimensional conducting body, the radiating vibrator being connected to the secondary winding and arranged in a magnetic field of the matching transformer, wherein reactive discrete components (of capacitance, inductance) are galvanically connected within a gap to the matching transformer using controlled relays, or capacitive elements arranged alongside turns of the secondary winding of the transformer are connected using relays to one of the points of the transformer.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein it comprises power supply elements, a processor that controls the relays, a current and voltage sensor in the high-frequency line that feeds the antenna.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein it comprises a processor that controls the relays, an ionistor feeding the electrical circuit of the antenna and being charged from a high-frequency signal supplied to the antenna by a radio transmitter, a current and voltage sensor in the high-frequency line that feeds the antenna.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the primary winding and the secondary winding are divided into several sections, which are connected using relays.

Description

[0015] The invention is illustrated by drawings, where FIG. 1 shows the structural diagram of the antenna.

[0016] A dielectric tube is used as an antenna frame and a connection device, on which a three-dimensional conducting vibrator 1 is placed in the form of a cylinder. It can be made of foil glued to the frame.

[0017] The primary winding 2 and the secondary winding 3 of the transformer are arranged on the frame. Inside the frame, discrete capacitive elements in the form of foil strips are inserted on its wall and located opposite the turns of the secondary winding of the transformer and form together with these turns capacities C.sub.1, C.sub.2 . . . C.sub.N.

[0018] Below the primary winding of the transformer are the antenna input 5, formed by the connection points A and B, and the antenna control board containing the relay unit 6, which connects the discrete capacities C.sub.1, C.sub.2 . . . C.sub.N of the transformer circuit.

[0019] FIG. 2 shows the electrical circuit of the antenna in the case of using as discrete reactive elements of the electrodes located near the secondary winding of the transformer and forming capacities C.sub.1, C.sub.2 . . . C.sub.N with it. A set of these capacities forms a reactive system 4.

[0020] FIG. 3 shows the electrical diagram of a variant of a system of reactive elements 4 of L and C components connected by means of a relay unit 6 within a gap of the inductances of the transformer in series with them, for example, between points B and D.

[0021] FIG. 4 shows the combined electrical and structural diagram of the antenna, where discrete components L and C are used as reactive elements.

[0022] The antenna consists of the transformer with the primary inductance winding 2 and secondary inductance winding 3, between which a system of controlled relays 6 and a block of discrete elements L and C 4 connected using relays are included. The relays are controlled and switched by the processor control unit 7, which is powered by the power supply unit and power take-off is provided from the high-frequency line 8. Data on the current operating mode of the antenna and its SWR are determined using a current and voltage sensor 9, located on the high-frequency line that feeds the antenna. Having received data from the current and voltage sensor, the processor calculates the offset of the antenna working point relative to the current frequency and issues a relay a command to connect or disconnect certain discrete elements L, C in order to change the antenna tuning. Thus, the antenna itself monitors the correspondence of its resonant frequency to the frequency of the supplied signal.

[0023] FIG. 5 shows the electrical diagram of the transformer for a dual-band antenna. The primary winding 2 consists of two successive inductor coils 2.1 and 2.2, and the secondary winding 3 consists of two successive inductor coils 3.1 and 3.2. The coils 2.2 and 3.2 can be disabled or enabled using relays. If they are turned on, the antenna operates in a lower range of radio signals, and if they are turned off—in a higher frequency range. Fine tuning of the frequency is achieved using a system of connected reactive elements.

[0024] The antenna operates as follows.

[0025] When a high-frequency signal is applied to the primary winding 2 of the transformer, a magnetic field inducing a magnetic field in the secondary winding 3 arises in it. A magnetic field with the magnetic induction vector directed along the secondary winding arises around the transformer. The electric field, the intensity vector of which is directed perpendicular to the surface of the vibrator 1, arises due to the supply of high voltage to it from the secondary step-up winding 3 of the transformer, which is electrically connected to the vibrator 1. Proceeding from the fact that the surface of the vibrator 1 is in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the transformer, so that the angle between the vector of magnetic induction and the vector of the intensity of the electric field arising on the vibrator is close to 90°, conditions sufficient for the formation of radio waves arise near the vibrator.

[0026] Since this antenna is resonant and is an open oscillatory circuit, the introduction of any reactive elements into this circuit will change the resonant frequency. A connection of discrete additional inductances and capacitors using relays in series with the inductances of the transformer or a galvanic connection of capacitive elements shunting the secondary winding of the transformer to the transformer will cause a change in the resonant frequency and retune the antenna to a different frequency. This enables to retune the antenna frequency in the range of 10-20% of the center frequency of the range. To switch to another range, it is required to disconnect or connect parts of the sections of the primary winding 2 and secondary winding 3 of the transformer.