LIFT DRIVE FOR A RAIL-GUIDED CLIMBING SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift drive for a rail-guided climbing system (10), which can be used, in particular, as a climbing formwork, climbing frame, climbing protective wall and/or a climbing working platform. The lift drive comprises climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38) that can be arranged on a building (1) in a fixed manner, at least one climbing rail (18) which is guided by the climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38) and which can be integrated into a frame unit (11) or secured to the frame unit (11), and a climbing lift rail (24) which can be moved relative to the climbing rail (18) and is guided by the climbing rail (18), wherein the climbing rail (18) and the climbing lift rail (24) can each be mounted in at least one of the climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38) in one direction and removed in a direction opposite said direction, and they can be moved in relation to the at least one of the climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38). The lift drive also comprises a lift device (26) which is fixed to the climbing rail (18) at one end and to the climbing lift rail (24) at the other end in such a way that a length (3, 4, 5) of a stroke of the lift device (26) corresponds to a movement (3′; 3′, 4′; 5′, 5″) of the climbing rail (24) relative to the climbing rail (18), and wherein the length (4) of the stroke when the climbing lift rail (24) is mounted is sufficient to mount the climbing rail (18) such that it is offset by a mounting distance (20) of the climbing rail (18).

Claims

1. Lift drive for a rail-guided climbing system (10), which can be used, in particular, as a climbing formwork, climbing frame, climbing protective wall and/or a climbing working platform, comprising climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38) that can be arranged on a building (1) in a fixed manner, at least one climbing rail (18) which is guided by the climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38) and which can be integrated into a frame unit (11) or secured to the frame unit (11), a climbing lift rail (24) which can be moved relative to the climbing rail (18) and is guided by the climbing rail (18), wherein the climbing rail (18) and the climbing lift rail (24) can each be mounted in at least one of the climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38) in one direction and removed in a direction opposite said direction, and they can be moved in relation to the at least one of the climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38), and comprising a lift device (26) which is fixed to the climbing rail (18) at one end and to the climbing lift rail (24) at the other end in such a way that a length (3, 4, 5) of a stroke of the lift device (26) corresponds to a movement (3′; 3′, 4′; 5′, 5″) of the climbing lift rail (24) relative to the climbing rail (18), wherein the length (4) of the stroke when the climbing lift rail (24) is mounted is sufficient to mount the climbing rail (18) such that it is offset by a mounting distance (20) of the climbing rail (18).

2. Lift drive according to claim 1, in which the length (4) of the lift is additionally sufficient to cover a mounting stroke distance (60) of the climbing lift rail (24).

3. Lift drive according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the climbing shoe (34, 36), which guides the climbing rail (18) when the climbing lift rail (24) is mounted, is arranged above or below the climbing shoe (32), in which the climbing lift rail (24) is mounted.

4. Lift drive according to any of the preceding claims, in which the climbing shoe (32, 34, 36, 38) is designed for mounting either the climbing rail (18) or the climbing lift rail (24) or for mounting both the climbing rail (18) and the climbing lift rail (24).

5. Lift drive according to any of the preceding claims, in which the climbing lift rail (24) is mounted in the climbing shoe (32, 34, 36, 38) designed for mounting the climbing lift rail (24) by means of at least one latching/snap element and a plurality of retaining elements for holding the at least one latching/snap element or by means of a plurality of latching/snap elements and at least one retaining element for holding at least one latching/snap element of the plurality of latching/snap elements, wherein the one or more latching/snap elements are located on the climbing shoe (32, 34, 36, 38) designed for mounting the climbing lift rail (24) and the one or more retaining elements are located on the climbing lift rail (24), or the one or more retaining elements are located on the climbing shoe (32, 34, 36, 38) designed for mounting the climbing lift rail (24) and the one or more latching/snap elements are located on the climbing lift rail (24).

6. Lift drive according to claim 5, in which the latching/snap element is designed as a movable element, which is designed in particular to be pivotable, foldable or moveable, in the form of a latch, in particular a locking latch or a climbing latch (32″), a detent, in particular a snap-in nose, or a bolt, in particular a locking bolt.

7. Lift drive according to claim 6, in which the latching/snap elements are present one behind the other on the climbing lift rail (24) in the form of climbing latches (32″) or foldable snap-in noses.

8. Lift drive according to claim 6, in which the retaining elements are introduced into the climbing lift rail (24) one behind the other in the form of retaining recesses (61) for engaging with the at least one latching/snap element of the climbing shoe (32, 34, 36, 38), or retaining knobs can be applied, for example, welded, to the climbing lift rail (24).

9. Lift drive according to claim 8, in which the climbing lift rail (24) has the retaining recesses (61) on at least one side in such a way that the climbing lift rail (24) is present in the form of a profile with a hook-in contour, in particular with teeth, or, in particular, if there is only one latching/snap element on the climbing shoe (32, 34, 36, 38) designed for mounting the climbing lift rail (24), the climbing lift rail (24) can have the retaining recesses (61) in the form of completely edged holes, also called ears.

10. Lift drive according to claim 8 or claim 9, in which the climbing lift rail (24) is made, for example, pressed or embossed, of solid material or is present as a hollow profile, for example, in lasered form.

11. Lift drive according to any of claims 6 or 8 to 10, in which a latching/snap element in the form of a climbing latch (32″) arranged in or on the climbing shoe (32, 34, 36, 38) is designed for mounting both the climbing rail (18) and the climbing lift rail (24).

12. Lift drive according to any of the preceding claims, in which the climbing rail (18) and the climbing lift rail (24) are arranged one inside the other or lying next to one another.

13. Lift drive according to any of the preceding claims, in which the climbing lift rail (24) has a rectangular profile or a cross-sectional profile in the form of an L, T or I, also called a double T.

14. Lift drive according to any of the preceding claims, in which the lift device (26) is designed as a hydraulic cylinder, a spindle drive or a rack and pinion drive, an actuator or a linear drive, wherein the spindle or rack and pinion drive can be driven, for example, by an electric motor.

15. Lift drive according to any of the preceding claims, in which the climbing rail (18) is designed to be pivotable by at least 4 degrees in relation to a vertical axis.

16. Rail-guided climbing system (10) with a lift drive according to any of the preceding claims, the frame unit (11), in which at least one of the climbing rails (18) is integrated or to which the at least one climbing rail (18) is secured, wherein a total length of the at least one climbing rail (18) is sufficient to guide the climbing rail (18) of at least two climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38) which are spaced apart from one another at a predetermined distance.

17. Rail-guided climbing system (10) according to claim 16, wherein the at least two climbing shoes (32, 34, 36, 38) are spaced apart from one another by a distance which corresponds approximately to a floor height (43, 47, 51, 55) of the building (1) or a fraction thereof.

18. Method for climbing a rail-guided climbing system (10), which can be used in particular as climbing formwork, climbing frame, climbing protective wall and/or a climbing working platform, with the lift drive according to any of claims 1 to 15 and the following steps: Extending the lift device (26) with the mounted climbing rail (18), wherein the climbing lift rail (24) is moved downwards relative to the climbing rail (18) until the climbing lift rail (24) is mounted, continuing the extension movement of the lift device (26), wherein a further downward movement of the climbing lift rail (24) is prevented by the mounting of the climbing lift rail (24) and the climbing rail (18) is removed and moved upwards by at least one mounting distance (20) of the climbing rail (20) relative to the climbing lift rail (24), retracting the lift device (26), wherein the climbing rail (18) is moved downwards relative to the climbing lift rail (24) until the climbing rail (18) is mounted moving upwards by at least the one mounting distance (20), and continuing the retraction movement of the lift device (26), wherein a further downward movement of the climbing rail (18) is prevented by the mounting of the climbing rail (18) and the climbing lift rail (24) is removed and moved upwards by at least the one mounting distance (20) of the climbing rail (18) relative to the climbing rail (18).

19. Method according to claim 18, in which the method steps according to claim 18 are defined as a cycle and the cycle is repeated until the frame unit (11) has reached a further or a plurality of further floors (43, 47, 51, 55) of the building (1) or a concreting portion of the building (1) to be concreted.

Description

[0032] In the drawings:

[0033] FIG. 1a-le are cross-sectional views of a sequence of climbing processes a to e of a climbing system with the lift drive according to the invention, wherein the climbing system comprises a working platform that carries an outer formwork and a frame unit that also has a trailing platform;

[0034] FIG. 2a, b show the climbing system shown in FIG. 1b in a side view (a) and in a top view (b) with two climbing rails;

[0035] FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional view of section B in FIG. 2a in an enlarged representation;

[0036] FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view along the plane A-A in FIG. 3a of a climbing rail and a climbing lift rail with a top view of a climbing shoe according to one embodiment of the invention;

[0037] FIG. 4 is a spatial external view of a climbing lift rail with a fixed lift device according to a further embodiment of the invention; and

[0038] FIG. 5 is an enlarged spatial sectional view of the climbing rail and the climbing lift rail according to the invention, which are shown in section C in FIG. 2b.

[0039] FIG. 1a shows an initial position of a climbing system 10 with the lift drive according to the invention in cross section during a sequence of climbing processes for climbing a frame unit 11 around a floor of a building 1. The building 1 comprises a plurality of floors with outer walls 40, 44, 48, 52, which are shown separated from one another in the vertical direction Y in the cross-sectional view by cutouts 41, 45, 49, 53, for example, for the installation of windows. The floors of the building 1 lying one above the other with floor heights 42, 46, 50, 54 are connected to one another by floor slabs 43, 47, 51, 55.

[0040] The climbing system 10 comprises a frame unit 11 with a formwork platform 12 with a formwork 13, which can be moved jointly in the horizontal direction 14 towards the building 1 and/or away from the building 1 in order to complete a concreting portion, for example, of a floor of the building 1. A working platform 16, which is fixed to the formwork platform 12, is arranged below the formwork platform 12. A control unit for operating a drive for moving the formwork and/or a lift device 26 for climbing the climbing system can be arranged on the working platform 16. The lift device 26 is located on a trailing platform 22 which is arranged below the working platform 16 and is fixed to the working platform 16. In the climbing system 10 shown in FIG. 1a, the frame unit 11 thus comprises the formwork platform 12, the working platform 16 and the trailing platform 22, wherein a climbing rail 18 is integrated in the frame unit 11. It is also possible to fasten the climbing rail 18 to the frame unit 11. The trailing platform 22 is used, among other things, for attaching and removing climbing shoes 32, 34, 36, 38 which are arranged on the building 1 in a fixed manner and used to guide and support the climbing rail 18 which is carried by the frame unit 11.

[0041] The climbing rail 18 has bores 19 and support bolts 19′, also called spacers, which are each vertically spaced apart from one another by a mounting distance 20 and which engage in each of the climbing shoes 32, 34, 36, 38 in such a way that the climbing rail 18 can be mounted in at least one of the climbing shoes 32, 34, 36, 38 in the vertical direction, e.g., in the case of a downward movement, and in the direction opposite said direction, i.e., upwards, it can be removed and is moveable in relation to the respective climbing shoe 32, 34, 36, 38.

[0042] According to the invention, not only the climbing rail 18 is present but also a climbing lift rail 24 which is moveable relative to the climbing rail 18 and guided by the climbing rail 18, which can be mounted in at least one of the climbing shoes 32, 34, 36, 38 in one direction and in the direction opposite said direction, it can be removed and is movable in relation to the at least one of the climbing shoe 32, 34, 36, 38. In addition to being guided by the climbing rail 18, the climbing lift rail 24 is only connected to the climbing rail 18 via the lift device 26. In the present embodiment, the lift device is connected with its lower end 27 to the climbing lift rail 24 and with its upper end 28 to the climbing rail 18.

[0043] At the beginning of the climbing process, the lift device, more precisely, a lifting cylinder or ram of the lift device, is completely retracted, so that a stroke length 2 of the lift device is zero. When the lift device 26 is retracted, there is a distance 2′ between a height 25 of an upper edge of the climbing lift rail 24 and a height 21 of an upper edge of the climbing rail 18. The climbing rail 18 is mounted in the climbing shoe 34, so that a vertical load is transferred via said climbing shoe.

[0044] In FIG. 1b, the lift device 26 is extended by a stroke length 3 which is non-zero. The climbing rail 18 is still mounted in the climbing shoe 34 and the climbing lift rail 24 moves downwards in such a way that the height 25a of the upper edge of the climbing lift rail 24 is moved downwards by the distance 3′ in relation to the height 25 of the climbing lift rail 24 which is shown in FIG. 1a. Since the climbing rail 18 has not moved in relation to its height in FIG. 1a, the length 3 of the stroke of the lift device 26 corresponds to the movement 3′ of the climbing lift rail 24 relative to the climbing rail 18. The lift device 26 extends until the climbing lift rail 24 is mounted in the climbing shoe 32, which, however, is not yet the case in FIG. 1b.

[0045] In FIG. 1c, the lift device 26 is extended by the stroke length 4, which is greater than the stroke length 3, so that the climbing lift rail 24 is now mounted in the climbing shoe 32. Since the climbing lift rail 24 cannot move further downwards due to its mounting in the climbing shoe 32, the climbing rail 18 is now moved upwards instead of the climbing lift rail 24. The entire climbing system 10 including the frame unit 11 is thus raised upwards. In relation to the height 21 of the upper edge of the climbing rail 18 in FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b, the height 21a of the upper edge of the climbing rail in FIG. 1c is moved upwards by the distance 4′. The length 4 of the stroke of the lift device 26 is thus composed of the distance 3′, by which the climbing lift rail 24 has moved downwards in relation to its height in FIG. 1a, and the distance 4′, by which the climbing rail 18 has moved upwards in relation to its height in FIG. 1a. In this case, the length 4 of the stroke of the lift device 26 when the climbing lift rail 24 is mounted is sufficient to mount the climbing rail 18 in the climbing shoe 36 such that it is offset by the mounting distance 20. At least the mounting distance 20 is covered. The lift device 26 thus pushes the climbing rail 18, supported on the climbing lift rail 24 which is supported on the lower climbing shoe 32, upwards by at least the mounting distance 20. In the case of FIG. 1c, the climbing rail 18 is offset by the mounting distance 20 and, in addition, by a retaining point distance that is required in order to mount the climbing rail 18 in the climbing shoe 36. The retaining point of the climbing shoe 36 from the climbing rail 18 is climbed over in order to be able to mount the climbing rail 18 in said climbing shoe. The support bolt 19′ of the climbing rail 18 is therefore located above a mounting height 36′ of the climbing shoe 36. The retaining point distance is approximately the vertical distance between two adjacent bores 19 in the climbing rail 18. In other designs, the retaining point distance can be smaller or reduced to zero. In this case, it is sufficient if the stroke length 4 can cover the mounting distance 20 of the climbing rail 18 when the climbing lift rail 24 is mounted. Since the climbing rail can be moved upwards by the mounting distance 20, it is not necessary to provide a longer stroke length than the stroke length 4. In the present embodiment, the stroke length 4 is therefore the maximum stroke length. However, higher maximum stroke lengths are possible.

[0046] In FIG. 1d, the lift device 26 is retracted, so that the stroke length 5 is smaller than the stroke length 4 in FIG. 1c. In relation to the height 21 of the upper edge of the climbing rail 18 in FIGS. 1a and 1b, the height 21b of the upper edge of the climbing rail is moved upwards by the distance 5′. Said distance is smaller by the retaining point distance than the distance 4′ in FIG. 1c and equals the mounting distance 20, so that the climbing rail 18 is mounted in the climbing shoe 36. This can be seen from the fact that the support bolt 19′ is located at the height of the mounting height 36′ of the climbing shoe 35. Since the lift device 26 with the stroke length 5 is retracted by more than the retaining point distance in relation to the stroke length 4, and the climbing rail 18 cannot move further downwards due to its mounting in the climbing shoe 36, the climbing lift rail 24 is now moved upwards instead of the climbing rail 18. In relation to the height 25 of the upper edge of the climbing lift rail 24 in FIG. 1a, the height 25b of the upper edge of the climbing lift rail is only the distance 5″ downwards, wherein said distance is smaller than the distance 3′ in FIG. 1b and FIG. 1c. The length 5 of the stroke of the lift device 26 is composed of the distance 5″, by which the climbing lift rail 24 has moved downwards in relation to its height in FIG. 1a and the distance 5′, by which the climbing rail 18 has moved upwards in relation to its height in FIG. 1a. Without a movement of the frame unit 11, which is mounted in the climbing shoe 36 via the climbing rail 18, the climbing lift rail 24 is therefore pulled upwards.

[0047] In FIG. 1d, the lift device 26 is completely retracted. Therefore, the stroke length 2 is zero. As shown in FIG. 1c, the height 21b of the upper edge of the climbing rail 18 is moved upwards by the distance 5′ which corresponds to the mounting distance 20. The support bolt 19′ is located at the height of the mounting height 36′ of the climbing shoe 35 and the climbing rail 18 is offset upwards by the mounting distance 20 in relation to its height in FIG. 1a, as can be seen from a comparison of the heights 21 and 21b of the upper edges in FIG. 1a and FIG. 1d. The height 25c of the upper edge of the climbing lift rail 24 is also offset upwards by the mounting distance 20 in relation to its height 25 in FIG. 1a, which is shown as distance 5′″ in FIG. 1d, so that the distance 2″ of the upper edges 21b and 25c of the climbing rail from the climbing lift rail corresponds to the distance 2′ in FIG. 1a. When the lift device 26 in FIG. 1d is retracted, the climbing rail 18 is mounted in the climbing shoe 36. In FIG. 1a, the climbing rail 18 was mounted in the climbing shoe 34 with the lift device 26 retracted.

[0048] FIG. 2 is a side view of the climbing system 10 shown in FIG. 1b. The climbing lift rail 24 lies in the climbing rail 18 in such a way that the climbing lift rail cannot be seen. The formwork 13 is mounted on a vertical beam 13′ for the formwork. A railing 13″ is attached to the upper end of the vertical beam 13′ in order to ensure safe working in this area.

[0049] FIG. 2b is a top view of the climbing system 10 shown in FIGS. 1b and 2a with two climbing rails 18 arranged parallel to one another. In addition to the formwork platform 12, the working platform 16 and the trailing platform 22, the formwork 13 with the vertical beam 13′ and the railing 13″ as well as the cutouts 41, 45, 49 in the outer wall 44 of the building 1 are shown.

[0050] FIG. 3a shows section B of the lower area in FIG. 2a as an enlarged depiction in cross section. In this respect, FIG. 3 shows the section already shown in FIG. 1b with guide shoes 19″ of the climbing rail 18, in which the climbing lift rail 24 is guided. The climbing rail 18 is mounted in the climbing shoe 34, wherein the support bolt 19′ is mounted in the climbing shoe 34 approximately centrally in the vertical direction to the climbing shoe 34.

[0051] FIG. 3b shows a cross section along the plane A-A in FIG. 3a of the climbing rail 18, which comprises two opposing U-shaped elements, and of the climbing lift rail 24, which has an I-shaped cross section, also called a double-T-shaped cross section. The climbing lift rail 24 is arranged in the climbing rail 18 between the U-shaped elements of the climbing rail 18 and guided by guide shoes 19″ which are also arranged between the U-shaped elements of the climbing rail 18. The guide shoe 19″ only guides the side of the climbing lift rail 24 facing away from the outer wall 40, wherein the side of the climbing lift rail 24 facing the outer wall 40 can engage in a climbing latch 32″, which can be seen in FIG. 3b, because, in addition to the cross section of the climbing rail and the climbing lift rail, a top view of the climbing shoe 32 is shown. The climbing latch 32″ has two lugs which are arranged parallel to one another and which can engage in the side of the climbing lift rail 24 facing the outer wall. The climbing shoe 32 has two limbs 32′, with which the side of the climbing rail 18 facing the outer wall 40 is guided. The limbs 32″ are each pivotable about the vertical axis y and can be fixed in their position with locking pins. Other limbs that are not pivotable and/or can be used without locking pins are possible. The climbing latch 32″ can engage both in the climbing lift rail 24 and in the climbing rail 18 in order to enable both the climbing lift rail and the climbing rail to be mounted in the climbing shoe 32. However, designs of climbing shoes, in which different climbing latches are available in order to be able to mount either the climbing rail or the climbing lift rail, are also conceivable.

[0052] FIG. 4 shows the climbing lift rail 24 with a fixed lift device 26 at its lower end 27 in a spatial external view with a stroke length 3, which is already shown in FIGS. 1b and 3a. The lower end 27 of the lift device 26 is screwed to the climbing lift rail 24, wherein the upper end 28 is open for a connection to the climbing rail 18. At the upper end of FIG. 4, the cross section of the climbing lift rail 24 can be seen, wherein the side facing the outer wall 40 according to FIG. 3b is wider than the side opposite said side, which is guided by the guide shoes 19″ according to FIG. 3b. The wider side has a toothed profile with rectangular recesses 61, which lead to a mounting stroke distance 60 of the climbing lift rail 24. Instead of the rectangular recesses 61 leading to a toothed profile, retaining recesses in the form of completely edged holes, also called ears, can be present in the climbing lift rail 24, which can accommodate a higher vertical load per recess than the recesses 61 which are not completely closed.

[0053] FIG. 5 shows an enlarged spatial sectional view of the climbing rail 18 and the climbing lift rail 24, which are shown in section C in FIG. 2b. The lower end 27 of the lift device with stroke length 3 is fixed on the side of the climbing lift rail 24 facing away from the outer wall 40 by means of a screw connection, wherein the upper end 28 of the lift device 26 is fixed by means of a screw connection on a side of the guide shoe 19″ of the climbing rail 18 facing away from the outer wall 44. In the lower area of FIG. 5, the climbing shoe 32 attached in a fixed manner to the outer wall 40 has the limbs 32′ which guide the side of the climbing rail 18 facing the outer wall 40. The climbing latch 32″ can engage both in the support bolts 19′ of the climbing rail 18 and in the recesses 61 on the side of the climbing lift rail 24 facing the outer wall 40. The mounting distance 20 of the climbing rail 18 shown in FIG. 3 between two support bolts 19′ comprises four distances between adjacent bores 19. The mounting stroke distance 60 of the climbing lift rail 24 shown in FIG. 5 is smaller than the mounting distance 20 and is approximately two distances between adjacent bores 19.

[0054] Therefore, when extending the lift device, two thirds of the stroke length required to move the climbing rail by the mounting distance 20 can be used to move the climbing rail 18, while only a maximum of one third of the stroke length is required to mount the climbing lift rail 24.

[0055] The features of the invention described with reference to the depicted embodiment, such as the toothed profile of the climbing rail 24 according to FIG. 4, can also be present in other embodiments of the invention, for example, the climbing lift rail 24 not being arranged in the climbing rail 18 but lying next to the climbing rail 24, unless otherwise stated or if it is inherently forbidden for technical reasons.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0056] 1 Building [0057] 2, 3, 4, 5 Stroke length lift device [0058] 2′, 2″ Distance upper edge climbing rail to upper edge climbing lift rail [0059] 3′, 5″, 5′″, Movement climbing lift rail [0060] 4′, 5′ Movement climbing rail [0061] 10 Climbing system [0062] 11 Frame unit [0063] 12 Formwork platform [0064] 13 Formwork [0065] 13′ Vertical beam formwork [0066] 13″ Railing formwork platform [0067] 14 Horizontal directions [0068] 16 Working platform [0069] 18 Climbing rail [0070] 19 Bore in climbing rail [0071] 19′ Support bolt climbing rail [0072] 19″ Guide shoe climbing rail for climbing lift rail [0073] 20 Mounting distance climbing rail [0074] 21, 21a, 21b Height upper edge climbing rail [0075] 22 Trailing platform [0076] 24 Climbing lift rail [0077] 25, 25a, 25b, 25c Height upper edge climbing lift rail [0078] 26 Lift device [0079] 27 Lower end lift device [0080] 28 Upper end lift device [0081] 32, 34, 36, 38 Climbing shoe [0082] 32′ Limb climbing shoe [0083] 32″ Climbing latch [0084] 36′ Mounting height climbing shoe [0085] 40, 44, 48, 52 Outer wall building [0086] 41, 45, 49, 53 Cutout in outer wall building [0087] 42, 46, 50, 54 Floor slab [0088] 43, 47, 51, 55 Floor height building [0089] 60 Mounting stroke distance climbing lift rail [0090] 61 Retaining recesses [0091] A-A Cross-sectional view FIG. 3a [0092] B Section FIG. 2a [0093] C Section FIG. 2b [0094] Y Vertical direction upwards