Crushing device with a comb system

Abstract

One aspect relates to a crushing device with a comb system, wherein the crushing device includes at least one crushing roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame with at least one crushing tool arranged thereon, wherein the crushing device comprises at least one counter blade which cooperates with the crushing tool, wherein the comb system includes at least one base comb on which the at least one counter blade is arranged and on which at least one screening element can be arranged as a component of a screening device. The screening device during use at least partly encloses the crushing roller and the screening element is spring-mounted with a suspension on the base comb. The suspension includes an end position limit.

Claims

1. A crushing device with a comb system, wherein the crushing device includes at least one crushing roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame with at least one crushing tool arranged thereon, wherein the crushing device comprises at least one counter blade which cooperates with the crushing tool, wherein the comb system comprises at least one base comb on which the at least one counter blade is arranged and on which at least one screening element is arranged as a component of a screening device, wherein the screening device at least partly encloses the at least one crushing roller and the at least one screening element is spring-mounted with a suspension on a base comb, wherein the suspension is formed from at least one spiral compression spring, in a core of which at least one cylindrical body made from an elastic material is arranged, where an external diameter of the at least one cylindrical body corresponds to an internal diameter of the spiral compression spring.

2. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic material is an elastomer with a progressive characteristic curve of pressure and distance.

3. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one cylindrical body extends across only a portion of the internal spring distance and the at least cylindrical body is an end position limit or end position buffer for the compression spring.

4. The crushing device according claim 1, wherein the elastic material is an elastomer with a hardness between 60 to 120 Shore.

5. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one cylindrical body has a central through bore serving as a further parameter for setting a specific suspension behavior.

6. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a mounting is provided on which the screening element is pivot-mounted, the screen element pivoting in two different directions as a gimballed mount.

7. The crushing device according to claim 6, wherein a locking piece is provided to secure the screening element, wherein the locking piece is fastened by a fastening element on the mounting.

8. The crushing device according to claim 6, wherein flat iron pieces are provided laterally on the mounting which guide the rear-pointing leg of the screening element laterally.

9. The crushing device according to claim 8, wherein the flat iron pieces are beveled laterally on a side facing a leg of the screening element to allow a lateral movement up to certain limits.

10. The crushing device according to claim 6, wherein a replaceable seat is provided on the base comb, on which the mounting, the suspension and the screening element are exchangeably arranged.

11. The crushing device according to claim 10, wherein a plurality of screening elements are arranged on the seat and the screening elements are provided as a collectively mountable/dismountable assembly with the seat.

12. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein, one or more of: the compression spring has end disks with fastening features at the ends, and the compression spring is arranged at least partly in a spring sleeve.

13. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the suspension comprises an adjusting device to allow one or more of a preloading force of the compression spring and an attack angle (α) of the screening element to be adjusted.

14. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a distance of the screening element from the crushing roller is adjustable.

15. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the screening device is shaped as a basket and individual screening elements form the basket, which encloses the crushing roller in the lower region in its erect position, such that the position of the crushing roller and the screening device in the device is oriented substantially horizontally.

16. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical body extends across the entire internal spring distance of the compression spring, such that the cylindrical body is one or more of an end position limit and end position buffer for the compression spring.

17. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a mounting is configured as a right angle, formed in a shape of a fork at least on a side facing the screening element, to enclose the screening element.

18. The crushing device according to claim 1, further comprising a pivoting device configured to allow the base comb to pivot about an axis.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention shall now be described with the aid of exemplary embodiments.

(2) FIGS. 1a-1b show various views of details of the crushing device of the prior art,

(3) FIGS. 2a-2b show representations of the suspension of the screening element according to the invention as an exploded drawing and in the assembled state,

(4) FIGS. 2c-2d show a representation of FIGS. 2a and 2b as a cross section and in three-dimensional view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(5) One embodiment of the crushing device according to the invention shall be described below with the aid of the figures. It is pointed out that the drawn representation is only one example of a crushing device according to the invention, and should in no way be construed in limiting manner. In the drawings, the same features are given the same reference numbers, so that all the drawings can be described as a complex.

(6) FIGS. 1a and 1b show a side view and a three-dimensional representation of the base comb II of the crushing device of the prior art, provided with screening elements 41. The crushing roller 1 is arranged in a frame (not shown) similar as the base comb II with elements arranged on it. The comb system according to the invention is indicated schematically by an arrow and the reference number 1. This consists of a base comb II, on which counter blades 3 and the screening elements 41 of the screening device 4 are arranged. The base comb II can pivot about an axis A. The pivoting movement is realized by a pivoting device 5 formed from a hydraulic cylinder 50, which is secured in the device by a base comb axis 51 and a housing axis 52. The housing axis is provided on the frame (not shown) of the crushing device. The screening elements 41 are secured on a mounting 7, which is part of the bearing, to the base comb II. The spring-loaded bearing is accomplished by the suspension 6, which like the mounting 7 is arranged on a preferably replaceable seat 10. The mounting 7 and the suspension 6 are provided parallel to and spaced apart from each other, which means that with the aid of an adjusting device 62 it is possible to change both the preloading force of the spring 61 and the attack angle α of the screening elements 41. This is a major advantage, since in this way it is possible to respond appropriately to different material being crushed, i.e., the angle and optionally the preloading force can be adjusted. A compression spring is provided as the spring 61, being arranged at least partly in a spring sleeve 63. The mounting 7 of the screening elements 41 may be designed as a gimballed mount. The pivoting device 5 comprises yet another hydraulic cylinder 9, but this works in opposition to the hydraulic cylinder 50. Using the hydraulic cylinder 9, the distance from the base comb II to the crushing roller 1 is set at an end stop. On the base comb II there is provided a toothed rack 31, on which the counter blades 3 are provided individually or as a subassembly with a plurality of counter blades 3. Further, a wear plate 32 is provided between the toothed rack 31 and the counter blade 3 fashioned as a comb tooth, which prevents the entire base comb II from having to be replaced in event of wear. One will then replace only the wear plate. The counter blades 3 are secured to the base comb by means of a latch 10, which can also preferably be hydraulic in design.

(7) FIGS. 2a and 2b show the solution according to the invention. This is confined to a lateral representation of a screening element 41 and the suspension 6. The suspension 6 is marked schematically with an arrow. According to the invention, the suspension 6 consists of the compression spring 61. This is configured as a spiral spring. The compression spring 61 comprises end disks 65 at its end faces, having fastening features at their ends (not shown in detail). The compression spring 61 can be arranged at least partly in a spring sleeve 63. The suspension 6 has an end position limit B. This also is denoted only schematically by an arrow. The preferred solution according to the invention is characterized in that the suspension 6 is formed by at least one compression spring 61 fashioned as a spiral spring, in whose core at least one cylindrical body 64 is arranged. According to the representation in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the cylindrical body 64 extends only across a portion of the internal spring distance of the compression spring 61. This design solution, however, should not be understood as being a limitation of the invention. Instead, the solution according to the invention also encompasses a variant in which the entire spring distance of the compression spring is filled up by this cylindrical body 64. The cylindrical body 64 consists of an elastic material having a progressive characteristic curve of pressure and distance. It is advantageous for the cylindrical body 64 to correspond in its outer diameter to the inner diameter of the compression spring 61. This should likewise not be understood in a limiting sense. Instead, the cylindrical body may also be arranged with play in the compression spring 61. The mounting 7 according to the invention is somewhat different in design from that of the prior art. Thus, it is configured as a right angle, wherein the compression spring 61 is arranged on one leg of the right angle and a locking piece 71 on the other leg, which can be secured by means of a fastening element 72 to the mounting 7. This is configured either as a fork or as an angle element at least on the side of the mounting 7 facing toward the locking piece 71. The screening element 41 is grasped by the “fork” of the locking piece 71 on the side facing toward the mounting 7 or at least secured at one side by the angle of the locking piece 71. On the side of the mounting 7 there are provided flat iron pieces 8, which guide the rear-pointing leg of the screening element 41 to the side. These flat iron pieces 8 may be beveled on the side toward the leg of the screening element 41, so that a lateral movement is allowed up to certain limits. In this way, a limited gimballed behavior of the screening elements 41 can be achieved.

(8) FIGS. 2c and 2d show the previously described solution of FIGS. 2a and 2b, but here as a side view in cross section in one case and as a three-dimensional representation in the other. In particular, it is evident from the three-dimensional representation that the locking piece 71 can be configured both as a fork and as an angle. In the fork configuration, the screening element 41 is enclosed on both sides, while in the angle configuration it is only braced on one side. One screening element 41 is secured on the mounting 7, while 2 further screening elements can be further mounted through the openings 73. The previously described flat iron pieces 8 form an additional, lateral guide for the screening elements 41. The fastening means 72 provided here is a bolt, which is secured by a cotter pin. A stiffening plate 74 strengthens the mounting 7.

(9) The invention has previously been described with the aid of an exemplary embodiment. However, the invention is not limited to this. The claims now and later submitted with the application are attempts at a wording without detriment to the achievement of a further protection.

(10) The references mentioned in the dependent claims point to the further configuration of the object of the main claim by the features of the respective dependent claim. However, these should not be understood as being a renunciation of the achievement of an independent, substantive protection for the features of the dependent claims being referred to.

(11) Features which have thus far been disclosed only in the description may be claimed in the course of the proceeding as being of important inventive significance, for example to distinguish them from the prior art.