COMPOSITE ASSEMBLY OF THE STEEL STRUCTURE FOR LIFTING EQUIPMENT

Abstract

The composite assembly of the steel structure for lifting equipment comprised of the lifting system, into which the lower parts of vertically connected pillars connected to one another by cross-beams are fixed, with a levelling lifting system comprised of lifting plates (11) that are anchored into a concrete recess using chemical bonds via openings (15), with the structure levelling system comprising an adjusting screw (14), adjusting load-bearing nut (12), and safety nut (13), where the adjusting screw (14) passes through the opening in the lifting plate (10) welded onto the lower part of the lowermost pillar (1) of the structure. The vertical connections (3) of individual pillars (1), on the inner sides of both ends fitted with sets of openings mutually arranged at the angle of 90 degrees, are realized by inner connecting pieces (18) with fixed nuts (21), attached by Allen head screws (20) with safety washers having high resistance to spontaneous releasing due to vibrations via a set of openings. Connection of the cross-beam (2) and pillar (1), fitted with fixed integrated nuts (17), screw connections (4) is realized in the front part of the cross-beam (2) closed by the plate (4b) via oval openings (4a) on the inner side of the structure by Allen head screws (4c), supported by safety washers (4d) with high resistance to spontaneous releasing due to vibrations. The connections (4) are also fitted with mechanical protection by safety plates (7), attached by Allen head screws (22) to the fixed nuts (19) attached into the inside of the section on the side of the cross-beams (2), with corner reinforcements (6) ensuring the stability and perpendicularity of the connection (4) of the pillars (1) and cross-beams (2), further comprising a system for seating the brackets of the guide rails consisting of an oval opening (8) and a T-bolt (16), having a rectangular block (16b) in the rear part and a square block (16a) on the top of it for fixing and levelling the attached elements of the elevator.

Claims

1. The composite assembly of the steel structure for lifting equipment comprised of the lifting system, into which the lower parts of the system of vertically connected pillars connected to one another by cross-beams are fixed, characterized in that the levelling lifting system is comprised of the lifting plates (11) that are anchored into a concrete recess using chemical bonds via openings (15), with the structure levelling system comprising an adjusting screw (14), adjusting load-bearing nut (12), and safety nut (13), where the adjusting screw (14) passes through the opening in the lifting plate (10) welded onto the lower part of the lowermost pillar (1) of the structure and the vertical connections (3) of individual pillars (1), on the inner sides of both ends fitted with sets of openings mutually arranged at the angle of 90 degrees, are realized by inner connecting pieces (18) with fixed nuts (21), attached using Allen head screws (20) with safety washers having a high resistance to spontaneous loosening due to vibrations via a set of openings, and the connection of the cross-beam (2) and the pillar (1), fitted with fixed integrated nuts (17), screw connections (4) is realized in the face of the cross-beam (2) closed by the plate (4b) via oval openings (4a) on the inner side of the structure by Allen head screws (4c) supported by safety washers (4d) with a high resistance to spontaneous loosening due to vibrations, where the connections (4) are also fitted with mechanical protection by safety plates (7), attached by Allen head screws (22) to the fixed nuts (19) attached into the inside of the section on the side of the cross-beams (2), with corner reinforcements (6) ensuring the stability and perpendicularity of the connection (4) of the pillars (1) and cross-beams (2), further comprising a system for seating the bracket of guide rails consisting of an oval opening (8) and a T-bolt (16), having a rectangular block (16b) in the rear part and a square block (16a) on the top of it for fixing and levelling the attached elements of the elevator.

2. The composite assembly of the steel structure for lifting equipment according to the claim 1, characterized in that all pillars (1) and cross-beams (2) are made of identical standardized closed sections.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG. 1 illustrates a section of the structure model,

[0023] FIG. 2 illustrates the structure lifting,

[0024] FIG. 3 illustrates the anchoring system of guide rail brackets for the elevator and shaft doors,

[0025] FIG. 4 illustrates the connection of the horizontal and vertical load-bearing elements of the structure,

[0026] FIG. 5 illustrates the connection of the vertical load-bearing elements of the structure,

[0027] FIG. 6 illustrates the corner reinforcement of the horizontal elements.

EXAMPLES

[0028] An example of the embodiment of the composite assembly of the steel structure for lifting equipment is provided in FIGS. 1 through 6.

[0029] The structure, as shown in FIG. 1 is designed of steel closed sections that as the main elements are series-produced by the metallurgical industry processes. The pillars 2 and cross-beams 1 are manufactured from the same types of closed sections. The lengths of individual elements are made to measure based on the dimensions of the elevator technological system and space available for the shaft.

[0030] The vertical elements 1 in the connections 3, as shown in FIG. 5, exert pressure on one another, which ensures a high load-bearing capacity of higher structures. They are attached to one another by the connecting pieces 18, which stabilize the mutual position of the connected vertical elements. The connecting piece 18 comprises integrated fixed nuts 21 that are mutually arranged at the angle of 90 degrees. The ends of the connected pillars 1 include a set of openings, through which the screws 20 and fixing washers are screwed through into the connecting pieces 18. When retightening the screws 20 the positions of the elements being connected and aligned are fixed. Thanks to the use of the fixed nuts 21 directly in the connecting piece 18, it is not necessary to use a second tool to hold the loose nut when the connection is being retightened.

[0031] The pillars 1 are connected to the cross-beams 2 by screw connections 4. In the points of the connections 4, as shown in FIG. 4, the integrated fixed nuts 17 are embedded in vertical elements. The fixed integrated nuts 17 are fitted with screws 4c with washers having a high resistance to vibrations, that utilize the plates 4b welded in the fronts of the horizontal elements for securing a firm connection of the cross-beams 2 of the structure and the pillars 1. The same system of connection 4 is designed for the connection of the elements of the portals 5 for the shaft doors.

[0032] The horizontal load-bearing elements 2 connected into the vertical elements 1 in the front of the structure are covered by the safety plate 7 of the connection of the elements that also ensures the mechanical protection of the connection. In the rear part of the structure, the horizontal elements 2 at one level are mutually arranged at the angle of 90 degrees; these neighbouring connections are covered by the corner reinforcement 6, which mechanically covers the connection 4 and also ensures that the right angle between the neighbouring horizontal elements will be maintained.

[0033] For the purpose of easy installation and alignment of the brackets of the guide rails and shaft doors, a system for the connection of the aforementioned elements of the elevator technological system is designed, see FIG. 3. In the horizontal elements 2 and in the top elements of the portal 5 oval openings 8 are designed, into which special T-bolts 16 are inserted that have in their rear part a rectangular block 16b with a square block 16a placed on the top of it. This system allows an easy connection of the elevator technology elements and also an easy replacement of screws in the case that they get damaged. The screw is inserted into the oval opening 8; in the section, it is turned through an angle of 90 degrees and partly pushed out of the section. The rectangular edge of the head of the screw 16b is secured by the edges of the opening 8 and the square block 16a prevents the T-bolt 16 from subsequent turning when the brackets of the elevator guide rails or shaft doors are connected. Before the connection is completely retightened, horizontal alignment of the connected elements of the brackets of the guide rails and shaft doors is possible.

[0034] The entire structure of the shaft is lifted on the designed structure levelling system, see FIG. 2, that is independent of a flat surface under the shaft and does not require any support from underneath by any spacer metal sheets. The distribution plate 11 is anchored via the openings 15 into the concrete foundation of the structure using chemical bonds. On the distribution plate 11, the adjusting screw is placed, on which the lifting plate 10 is inserted via the opening; the lifting plate is welded onto the bottom part of the vertical load-bearing elements 1 of the structure. This element can be gradually aligned up to the required height via the lifting adjusting nut 12, which means that the whole structure can be levelled. Then the connection can be secured by the safety nut 13.

[0035] Under the level of individual floors, the structure is anchored via chemical bonds into the landings via the L-shaped anchors 9. These anchors comprise vertical oval connections for the transmission of the possible dilatation of the structure. The angle pieces further comprise oval openings in the longitudinal direction that may be extended before the structure where necessary, unless the anchoring surface of the landings is in the exact vertical line with the structure shaft. These angle pieces are connected to the structure by two screws with washers resistant to vibrations and loosening. The nuts are again inserted directly into the structure to eliminate the necessity of two tools required for retightening the screw and nut.

[0036] The main parts of the structure, see FIG. 1, are assembled from the main load-bearing pillars of the structure 1, to which individual joint connections of the structure 2 are connected. To improve the stability of the structure, the joint connections in the corners are further connected by corner reinforcements 6 ensuring that the right angle will be maintained in the connections. The pillars themselves in the largest lengths of 4.5 m are connected by inner screw connections 4, the detailed drawing of which is provided in FIG. 4. The maximum length of the pillars is by 0.5 m shorter than the standardized lengths of the elevator guide rails. In this way, trouble free transport, handling, and on-site storing are provided. The sufficient total length also ensures the maximum possible stability of the structure, unlike in the case of structures where the installation of the pillars is executed in the place of each cross-beam. The structure itself is reinforced from its front by the extended portal 5. This solution provides the possibility to extend the shaft doors onto the exit landing and enlarge the space for the elevator cabin itself in small shafts.

[0037] The lifting of the structure, see FIG. 2, is designed for surfaces that are not perfectly flat. It is comprised of the lifting plate 11 that is anchored into the concrete recess by chemical bonds via the openings 15. In addition, the structure levelling system comprising the adjusting screw 14, adjusting load-bearing nut 12, and the safety nut 13 is provided. The adjusting screw passes through the opening in the lifting plate 10 welded onto the bottom parts of the corner pillars 1 of the structure. This system eliminates the request for the perfectly flat surface or additional supporting of the structure corners by spacer metal sheets.

[0038] The anchoring system of the shaft doors into the portals of the structure 5 and the cross-beams 2, see FIG. 3, is provided via the system of the connection of the oval openings 8 and special T-bolts 16. The system allows comfortable installation and possible replacement of the bolt stem without the necessity of intervention in the structure. The T-bolt 16 is inserted in a groove by its flat side, then turned through an angle of 90 degrees and extended; using the block above the T-head it is then fixed in the groove against rotation and extension. The same system is used for the anchoring of the brackets for guide rails into the cross-beams of the structure.

[0039] Connecting the main load-bearing elements of the structure, i.e. the cross-beams 2 and pillars 1, see FIG. 4, is provided by the oval openings 4a on the inner side of the shaft. In the front sides, the cross-beams are closed by the plate 4b, which is tightened via the Allen head screws 4c to the pillars 1 of the structure, in which threads are integrated, the result of which is a simplified installation process as it is not necessary to hold the loose nut on the other side. The stability of the connection is ensured by washers under the screws with a high resistance to unintentional release and release due to vibrations.

[0040] The openings in the cross-beams are covered by the safety plates 7 with the corner reinforcements 6 providing the general aesthetic closing of the opened parts of the structure. The plates and reinforcements are attached by Allen head screws 22 into fixed nuts 19 attached inside the section on the part of the cross-beams 2. Compared to opened sections C, the closed sections are considerably more stable and give a better aesthetic impression. In addition, the connecting elements are better protected due to the overall closing.

[0041] The vertical elements 1 in the connections 3, as provided in FIG. 5, exert pressure on one another, which ensures a high load-bearing capacity of higher structures. They are attached to one another by the connecting pieces 18, which stabilize the mutual position of the connected vertical elements. The connecting piece 18 comprises embedded fixed nuts 21 that are mutually arranged at an angle of 90 degrees. The ends of the connected pillars 1 include a set of openings, through which the screws 20 and fixing washers are screwed through into the connecting pieces 18. When retightening the screws, the positions of the elements being connected are aligned and fixed.

[0042] The advantage of the disclosed solution is the protection of the inner load-bearing connections of the structure that are completely closed in the horizontal elements of the structure.

[0043] Considering the work experience in the field of elevator technology implementation designing, the described solution of the elevator self-supporting assembled structure comprehensively addresses the drawbacks of the standard methods of solution currently used and allows unified series-produced elements to be utilized for the main load-bearing elements of the assembled structure. The solution simplifies the installation process by the elimination of the necessity to use two tools to retighten screw connections. The necessity of non-systematic supporting of the corners of the structure to level the structure on an uneven surface is eliminated. The installation of the elevator technological system into the shaft structure is simplified by a simple, effective, and aesthetic system of anchoring that allows additional alignment of the elevator technological system elements to be implemented in the shaft. The design maintains the stability and load-bearing capacity of the structure without the necessity of additional stabilization elements, and in general simplifies the manufacture of the structure by eliminating the processes of cutting and bending metal sheets for the manufacture of load-bearing elements. In addition, the design allows the maximal utilization of the space for the installation of the shaft in smaller spaces of stair wells by utilizing an extended portal.

[0044] The installation of the structure does not require any special professional team, and after training and provided that the procedures of installation specified in the installation manual and occupational safety are adhered to, the installation may be executed by the fitters who make the installation of the elevator technological system, by which the necessity to coordinate several teams on site is eliminated.

[0045] The connections are realized by unified screws thus eliminating any possible mix-up and errors during installation. The threads are installed directly into the elements and it is not necessary to use two tools for holding and retightening individual connections.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0046] The composite assembly of the steel structure for lifting equipment according to the invention is repeatedly manufacturable and usable for the installation of elevator technological systems.