Ventilated reinforced-concrete wall module for constructing buildings in general and respective industrialized construction system

Abstract

A ventilated wall module (10) of the type used in civil construction for a range of buildings using pre-fabricated components, such as one-story homes, large houses, houses, schools, hospitals, industrial sheds, inter alia; the wall module (10) includes a pair of panels (20A) and (30A) that are produced independently of one another by automated, robotic equipment (E1), based on large moving metal surfaces (M1) that slide on rails (T1); said mechanized method (M1) developed for the production of the panels (20A) and (30A) includes an industrialized construction system (SC) for producing each wall module (10) comprising the combination of the coordination and compatibilization of the designs to be implemented with the pre-installation of the complementary components such as electrical boxes (c1) or other necessary elements.

Claims

1. A ventilated wall module (10) for buildings using prefabricated parts, the wall module (10) comprising: first and second panels (20A) and (30A) and multiple truss-shaped solidification elements (ES), the first and second panels (20A) and (20B) each comprising of a cement-based slab with respective inner surfaces (s3) and (s4), vertical peripheral edges (20b) and (30b), and horizontal peripheral edges (20c) and (30c), wherein the first and second panels (20A) and (30A) and the multiple truss-shaped solidification elements (ES) are produced by a mechanized method (M1) and, wherein: the multiple truss-shaped solidification elements (ES), in the form of first and second sets of linear, peripheral, metal trusses (41A) and (41B), are mounted on respective inner surfaces (s3) and (s4) of the panels (20A)/(30A) in plastic spacers (50) embedded in the concreting of the cement-based slabs that compose the panels (20A)/(30A); each spacer (50) of the first panel (20A) also receives of a cement-based plate (60) provided, at a free end of each cement-based plate (60), with foam (61) to abut the inner surface (s4) of the second panel (30A); the first set of peripheral trusses (41A) is applied close to the vertical (20b) and horizontal (20c) peripheral edges of the first panel (20A) and in a spacing (x1), whereas the second panel (30A) receives the second set of peripheral trusses (41B) applied next to the vertical (30b) and horizontal (30c) peripheral edges of the second panel (30A) in a spacing (x2) compared to the aforementioned peripheral edges (30b) and (30c) of the second panel (30A); concreting takes place in areas of the multiple truss-shaped solidification elements (ES) delimited by respective cement-based plates with foam, forming a pre-shape of embedded beams and columns, the first and second plates (20A)/(30A) delimit quadrangular areas (Q1) and (Q2) without concreting, forming air pockets (BA) bounded by the embedded beams and columns; wherein horizontal steel bars (71), steel cables (72) and vertical steel bars (72′) are also provided within respective areas delimited by respective cement-based plates (60) with foam to reinforce and complement the solidification between the plates (20A)/(30A) in such areas.

2. The ventilated wall module according to claim 1, wherein the solidarization between the panels (20A) and (30A) by the multiple truss-shaped solidification elements (ES) configure joining ribs between the panels (20A) and (30A) that can be defined as a: i) corner connection (N1); ii) intermediate rib (N2); iii) vertical connection (L1); iv) end rib (N3); and v) rabbet for frames (R1), in which, in turn, comprises a peripheral frame (R1′) for supporting various window frames (ch).

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) To complement this description in order to obtain a better understanding of the characteristics of this invention and in accordance with a preference for its practical implementation, it accompanies the description attached, of a set of drawings in which, in an exemplary but not imitative manner, its operation has been represented:

(2) FIG. 1A represents a schematic view of the steps of the mechanized method developed for the production of panels;

(3) FIG. 1B shows a frontal view of the panels of FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 1C shows a cross sectional view of the panel taken along Line AA on FIG. 1B;

(5) FIG. 1D shows a front view of the complementary panel that composes the structural wall;

(6) FIG. 1E shows a cross sectional view of the panel taken along line BB of FIG. 1D;

(7) FIG. 1F shows a view of the final assembling steps between the panels that comprise the ventilated wall module;

(8) FIG. 1G shows a ground-plan view of the application of ventilated wall modules;

(9) FIG. 2 shows a front view of a panel that comprises a ventilated wall module applied to the previous figure;

(10) FIG. 2A shows a frontal view of another panel that comprises a ventilated wall module applied to the previous figure;

(11) FIG. 2B reveals a top view of the module illustrated in the previous figure, revealing the solidarization elements;

(12) FIG. 3 shows a frontal view of a panel that comprises a ventilated wall module applied to the FIG. 1;

(13) FIG. 3A show frontal view another panel that comprises a ventilated wall module applied to the FIG. 1;

(14) FIG. 3B shows a longitudinal section view of the ventilated wall module illustrated in the previous figure;

(15) FIG. 3C shows a top view of the ventilated wall module illustrated in the previous figure;

(16) FIG. 4 shows a C.C section view illustrating the slab assembly;

(17) FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail ‘A’ of the solidarization element in the form of corner connection between ventilated wall modules illustrated in FIG. 1;

(18) FIG. 6 shows an enlarged detail ‘B’ of the solidarization element in the form of intermediate rib between ventilated wall modules illustrated in FIG. 1;

(19) FIG. 7 shows an enlarged detail ‘C’ of the solidarization element in the form of vertical connection between ventilated wall modules illustrated in FIG. 1;

(20) FIG. 8 shows an enlarged detail ‘D’ of the solidarization element in the form of end ribs of a ventilated wall module illustrated in FIG. 1; and

(21) FIG. 9 shows an enlarged detail ‘E’ of the solidarization element by composing rabbet to a frame of a ventilated wall module illustrated in FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECT

(22) With reference to the illustrated drawings, the present invention patent refers to the “IMPROVEMENTS TO A VENTILATED REINFORCED-CONCRETE WALL MODULE FOR CONSTRUCTING BUILDINGS IN GENERAL AND RESPECTIVE INDUSTRIALIZED CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM”, more precisely, it is a ventilated wall module (10) of the type used in civil construction of various buildings using prefabricated parts such as single story houses, townhouses, buildings, schools, hospitals, industrial warehouses, among others. The aforementioned wall module (10) comprises a pair of panels (20A) and (30A) that are produced independently of each other by automated and robotized equipment (E1), based on large mobile metal tables (M1) that slide on rails (T1) strategically positioned in the plant, metal tables (M1) that receive demolding agent in the upper surface, as well as the distribution of magnetized metal shapes (F1), properly positioned by robots according to the architectural design of each panel (20A) or (30A) to be manufactured; the equipment (EI) also includes automatic vibrating mechanisms (VI) that produce the accommodation of the concreting dispensed by the concrete plant (UI).

(23) According to the present invention, the mechanized method (MI) developed for the production of the panels (20A) and (30A) includes an industrialized construction system (SC) to obtain each wall module (10) which can be defined by the following sequence:

(24) a) within the area (A1) delimited by the metal shapes (F1) distributed on the metal table (M1) for the composition of the panel (20A) or (30A), the solidarization elements (ES) are prearranged, as well as other components (c1) related to electrical, hydraulic, air conditioning and others belonging to the executive project of the building architecture;

(25) b) the referred area (A1) arranged on the mechanized table (M1) is automatically driven to the plant (U1) and vibrators (V1) for concreting with Fck40 Mpa, in compliance with performance standards;

(26) c) the table (M1) with the concreted area (A1) is led to the curing chamber (C1) for approximately 8 hours, or 12 hours without cure;

(27) d) each panel (20A) and (30A) is removed from the table (M1) in rigid situation and presenting with a finished smooth surface (s1) and (s2) or provided with texture and a surface (s3) and (s4) provided with the respective solidarization elements (ES) (see FIGS. 1B to 1E);

(28) e) panels (20A) and (30A) are placed in a ‘clothesline’ (V) suspension element (see FIG. 1F), parallel to a distance (D) of 50 cm or other that allows the placement of electrical and hydraulic installations, where applicable;

(29) f) the surfaces (s3) and (s4) of each panel (20A) and (30A) are juxtaposed in such a way as to maintain a spacing (x) delimited by the so-called solidarization elements (ES) of, for example 7 cm, without however restricting such sizing;

(30) g) the surface (s3) and (s4) are grouted in only two points, more precisely where the lifting handles (70) are installed, allowing the transport of the wall module (10) for storage and/or to the work directly, where the other parts of the ventilated wall module will be grouted ‘on-site’;

(31) Each ventilated wall module (10) therefore comprises a pair of vertical panels (20A) and (30A) industrially produced by the steps of (a) to (g) of the mechanized method (M1) and are made with dimensions identical to each other that may vary in height, width, and thickness as a function of architectural design.

(32) The stages (a) and (d) constitute, more especially, the industrialized construction system (SC) that is summarized in the association of coordination and the compatibility of the projects to be implemented with the pre-installation of complementary components such as electrical boxes (c1) or other necessary elements.

(33) The industrialized construction system (SC) also predicts that with the independent production of each panel (20A)/(30A) the external surfaces (s1) and (s2) are fully smooth prepared for painting or varied coatings or with architectural finishing modeling, for example textures that mimic wood, bricks or others.

(34) The solidarization elements (ES), in a preferred embodiment (see FIGS. 5 to 9) can be defined by a linear frame in metal truss (41A) and (41B) complementary to each other and mounted on the surfaces (s3) and (s4) of the panels (20A)/(30A) in plastic spacers (50), in turn, embedded when concreting the cementitious plates that compose the panels (20A)/(30A). Such spacers (50) are also idealized for the assembly of a series of cementitious plates (60), which have tarucel (61) applied at their free ends.

(35) The peripheral truss assembly (41A) (see FIGS. 1B and 1C) is applied near the vertical (20b) and horizontal (20c) peripheral edges and at a spacing (x1), while each panel (30A) (see FIGS. 1D and 1E) receive a set of peripheral trusses (41B) applied near the vertical (30b) and horizontal (30c) peripheral edges in a spacing (x2) relative to said peripheral edges (30b) and (30c).

(36) Other complementary solidarization elements (ES) are formed by horizontal steel bars (71), steel cables (72) and vertical steel bars (72′) and the distance between them configures a preform of embedded beams and columns.

(37) In a preferred embodiment, said panel (20A) has, on surface (s3), the assembly of truss pairs (41A) arranged parallel and juxtaposed near the vertical center (E1) of said panel. Flanking the inner face of each truss (41A) mounted on the surface (s3) are installed on perpendicular manner to the plane of the panel (20A) and respective plastic spacers (50), a series of cementitious plates (60), in which they have tarucel (61) applied at their free ends delimiting quadrangular areas (Q1).

(38) Each panel (30A), in turn, comprises a plate which, on one of the surfaces (s4), receives a set of peripheral trusses (41B) applied close to the vertical (30b) and horizontal (30c) peripheral edges. The peripheral truss (41B) of the panel (30A) is installed at a spacing (x2) in relation to the aforementioned peripheral edges (30b) and (30c). The frames formed by the set of trusses (41B) delimit quadrangular areas (Q2) on the surface (s4) of the panel (30A).

(39) The joint of the quadrangular areas (Q1) and (Q2) also delimit air pockets (BA) for thermal comfort and low humidity rate.

(40) The solidarization between the panels (20A) and (30A) by the elements (ES) configure joining ribs between the panels (20A) and (30A) that can be defined as: i) corner connection (N1); ii) intermediate rib (N2); iii) vertical connection (L1); iv) end rib (N3); and v) rabbet for frames (R1).

(41) The joining rib (R1) comprises a peripheral frame (R1′) for supporting various window frames (ch) (see FIG. 9).

(42) It is certain that when the present invention is put into practice, modifications may be introduced with regard to certain details of construction and form, without this implying a deviation from the fundamental principles that are clearly substantiated in the claiming framework, it being understood that the terminology used did not have the purpose of limitation.