Supporting beam arrangement for supporting a flue gas duct
11162675 · 2021-11-02
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
F22B37/001
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F22B37/208
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F22B31/0084
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F22B37/202
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F22B37/06
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F22B37/24
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F23C2202/00
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
F22B37/24
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Abstract
A supporting beam arrangement (14) for supporting a flue gas duct (10) to a support frame (16) of the flue gas duct. The supporting beam arrangement comprises two horizontal first supporting beams (18) that are parallel and on two opposite sides of the flue gas duct (10) and separated by a distance from the flue gas duct, and further are connected to the support frame (16). The supporting beam arrangement (14) comprises a horizontal second supporting beam (20) defining two opposite ends (22) that are supported to the first supporting beams (18), the second supporting beam extending through the flue gas duct (10) that is supported to the second supporting beam. At least one or each one of the first supporting beams comprises an opening (24), in which opening one of the two opposite ends (22) of the second supporting beam is placed to rest on the first supporting beam (18). A power boiler (50) comprises the supporting beam arrangement (14), the flue gas duct (10) and the support frame (16).
Claims
1. A supporting beam arrangement for supporting a flue gas duct configured to convey flue gases, the supporting beam arrangement being configured to support the flue gas duct to a support frame of the flue gas duct, the supporting beam arrangement comprising: two substantially horizontal first supporting beams that are substantially parallel and situated on two opposite sides of the flue gas duct, the first supporting beams being separated by a distance from the flue gas duct, and the first supporting beams including two opposite ends that are connected to the support frame; and a substantially horizontal second supporting beam defining two opposite ends that are supported by the first supporting beams, the second supporting beam extending through the flue gas duct in such a way that the second supporting beam is exposed to flue gases, wherein the flue gas duct is supported by the second supporting beam, wherein: at least one or each one of the first supporting beams comprises an opening, in which opening one of the two opposite ends of the second supporting beam is placed to rest on the first supporting beam in such a way that loads incurred by the weight of the flue gas duct are transmitted to the first supporting beam; the second supporting beam comprises: a middle section horizontally extending within the flue gas duct, the middle section defining a substantially horizontal top surface, and two end sections, each end section horizontally extending outside the flue gas duct between the flue gas duct and one of the first supporting beams, each end section defining a substantially horizontal top surface; and the middle section and the end sections define a stepped shape in such a way that at least one or each one of the top surfaces of the end sections is at a height lower than the top surface of the middle section.
2. The supporting beam arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first supporting beam is one of: an I-beam, including upper and lower flanges that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam, and are connected by a web extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to the web of the beam, underneath the upper flange and above the lower flange, a H-beam, including upper and lower flanges that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam, and are connected by a web extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to the web of the beam, underneath the upper flange and above the lower flange, or a box beam including upper and lower walls that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam and are connected by two or more side walls extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to at least one of the side walls or all side walls, underneath the upper wall and above the lower wall.
3. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 2, wherein: the first supporting beam defines a substantially horizontal top surface; and the opening and the end of the second supporting beam in the opening are located underneath the top surface which extends in a continuous manner in the longitudinal direction.
4. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 1, wherein: the first supporting beam defines a substantially horizontal top surface; and the opening and the end of the second supporting beam in the opening are located underneath the top surface which extends in a continuous manner in the longitudinal direction.
5. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the support frame comprises vertical pillars and each end of the first supporting beam is connected to one of the pillars by means of which pillars the first supporting beam is supported by the ground.
6. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 1, wherein: the support frame comprises vertical pillars and two substantially horizontal primary supporting beams that are substantially parallel and define two opposite ends that are connected to the pillars by means of which pillars the primary supporting beams are supported by the ground; and each end of the first supporting beam is connected to one of the primary supporting beams, the primary supporting beams being substantially perpendicular to the first supporting beam.
7. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 1, wherein: the middle section defines a first beam height and at least one or each one of the end sections defines a second beam height; and the second beam height is smaller than the first beam height and the second beam height is at the most 90% of the first beam height.
8. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 7, wherein: the second supporting beam further includes two outer end sections, each outer end section including one of the ends of the second supporting beam and horizontally extending outside the flue gas duct between the flue gas duct and one of the first supporting beams, at least one or each one of the outer end sections defining a third beam height; and the third beam height is smaller than the second beam height and the third beam height is at the most 90% of the second beam height.
9. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 1, wherein: the substantially horizontal top surface of at least one or each one of the end sections is located at a second height; and the first supporting beam defines a substantially horizontal top surface at a first height, the second height being less than the first height.
10. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 9, wherein: the substantially horizontal top surface of the middle section is located at a third height; and the second height is less than the third height.
11. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 10, wherein: the supporting beam arrangement further comprises a substantially horizontal intermediate supporting beam that is substantially parallel with the first supporting beams and substantially perpendicular to the second supporting beam, the intermediate supporting beam being supported by the support frame; and the intermediate supporting beam is in a vertical direction located above the top surface of one of the end sections.
12. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 9, wherein: the supporting beam arrangement further comprises a substantially horizontal intermediate supporting beam that is substantially parallel with the first supporting beams and substantially perpendicular to the second supporting beam, the intermediate supporting beam being supported by the support frame; and the intermediate supporting beam is in a vertical direction located above the top surface of one of the end sections.
13. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 12, wherein: the supporting beam arrangement further comprises substantially horizontal reinforcing bars each having a first end connected to one of the first supporting beams and an opposing second end connected to the intermediate supporting beam; the reinforcing bars are substantially perpendicular to the first supporting beams or the reinforcing bars extend at an oblique angle in relation to the first supporting beams; and the reinforcing bars are in a vertical direction located above the top surface of one of the end sections.
14. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 13, wherein: at least one or each one of the first supporting beams defines a substantially horizontal top surface; and the reinforcing bars are placed at a height lower than the top surface of the first supporting beam, or the intermediate supporting beam is placed at a height lower than the top surface of the first supporting beam.
15. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 1, further comprising a slide bearing in the opening, wherein at least one or each one of the ends of the second supporting beam rests on one of the slide bearings, the slide bearing being supported by the first supporting beam.
16. A power boiler comprising a supporting beam arrangement, a flue gas duct, and a support frame of the flue gas duct, wherein the supporting beam arrangement is configured to support the flue gas duct which is adapted to convey flue gases, the supporting beam arrangement being further configured to support the flue gas duct to the support frame of the flue gas duct, the supporting beam arrangement comprising: two substantially horizontal first supporting beams that are substantially parallel and situated on two opposite sides of the flue gas duct, the first supporting beams being separated by a distance from the flue gas duct, and the first supporting beams including two opposite ends that are connected to the support frame; and a substantially horizontal second supporting beam defining two opposite ends that are supported by the first supporting beams, the second supporting beam extending through the flue gas duct in such a way that the second supporting beam is exposed to flue gases, wherein the flue gas duct is supported by the second supporting beam; wherein: at least one or each one of the first supporting beams comprises an opening, in which opening one of the two opposite ends of the second supporting beam is placed to rest on the first supporting beam in such a way that loads incurred by the weight of the flue gas duct are transmitted to the first supporting beam; and the first supporting beam is one of: an I-beam, including upper and lower flanges that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam, and are connected by a web extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to the web of the beam, underneath the upper flange and above the lower flange, a H-beam, including upper and lower flanges that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam, and are connected by a web extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to the web of the beam, underneath the upper flange and above the lower flange, or a box beam including upper and lower walls that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam and are connected by two or more side walls extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to at least one of the side walls or all side walls, underneath the upper wall and above the lower wall.
17. The power boiler of claim 16, further comprising a slide bearing in the opening, wherein at least one or each one of the ends of the second supporting beam rests on one of the slide bearings, the slide bearing being supported by the first supporting beam.
18. A supporting beam arrangement for supporting a flue gas duct configured to convey flue gases, the supporting beam arrangement being configured to support the flue gas duct to a support frame of the flue gas duct, the supporting beam arrangement comprising: two substantially horizontal first supporting beams that are substantially parallel and situated on two opposite sides of the flue gas duct, the first supporting beams being separated by a distance from the flue gas duct, and the first supporting beams including two opposite ends that are connected to the support frame; and a substantially horizontal second supporting beam defining two opposite ends that are supported by the first supporting beams, the second supporting beam extending through the flue gas duct in such a way that the second supporting beam is exposed to flue gases, wherein the flue gas duct is supported by the second supporting beam, wherein: at least one or each one of the first supporting beams comprises an opening, in which opening one of the two opposite ends of the second supporting beam is placed to rest on the first supporting beam in such a way that loads incurred by the weight of the flue gas duct are transmitted to the first supporting beam; and the first supporting beam is one of: an I-beam, including upper and lower flanges that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam, and are connected by a web extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to the web of the beam, underneath the upper flange and above the lower flange, a H-beam, including upper and lower flanges that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam, and are connected by a web extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to the web of the beam, underneath the upper flange and above the lower flange, or a box beam including upper and lower walls that are parallel, extend in a longitudinal direction of the beam and are connected by two or more side walls extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the opening is formed to at least one of the side walls or all side walls, underneath the upper wall and above the lower wall.
19. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 18, wherein: the first supporting beam defines a substantially horizontal top surface; and the opening and the end of the second supporting beam in the opening are located underneath the top surface which extends in a continuous manner in the longitudinal direction.
20. A supporting beam arrangement for supporting a flue gas duct configured to convey flue gases, the supporting beam arrangement being configured to support the flue gas duct to a support frame of the flue gas duct, the supporting beam arrangement comprising: two substantially horizontal first supporting beams that are substantially parallel and situated on two opposite sides of the flue gas duct, the first supporting beams being separated by a distance from the flue gas duct, and the first supporting beams including two opposite ends that are connected to the support frame; and a substantially horizontal second supporting beam defining two opposite ends that are supported by the first supporting beams, the second supporting beam extending through the flue gas duct in such a way that the second supporting beam is exposed to flue gases, wherein the flue gas duct is supported by the second supporting beam, wherein: at least one or each one of the first supporting beams comprises an opening, in which opening one of the two opposite ends of the second supporting beam is placed to rest on the first supporting beam in such a way that loads incurred by the weight of the flue gas duct are transmitted to the first supporting beam; the second supporting beam includes two end sections, each end section horizontally extending outside the flue gas duct between the flue gas duct and one of the first supporting beams, at least one or each one of the end sections defining a substantially horizontal top surface located at a second height; and the first supporting beam defines a substantially horizontal top surface at a first height, the second height being less than the first height.
21. The supporting beam arrangement according to claim 20, wherein: the second supporting beam comprises a middle section horizontally extending within the flue gas duct, the middle section defining a substantially horizontal top surface located at a third height; and the second height is less than the third height.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
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(3)
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS
(8) Reference will now be made to the examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same or corresponding reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or corresponding parts or features.
(9) The figures are intended for illustrating examples of the presented solution. Therefore, the figures are not in scale or suggestive of a definite layout of system components.
(10) In the text, reference is made to the figures with the following reference numbers and denotations:
(11) 10 Flue gas duct
(12) 14 Supporting beam arrangement
(13) 16 Support frame
(14) 18 First supporting beam
(15) 20 Second supporting beam
(16) 22 End of second supporting beam
(17) 24 Opening
(18) 26 Upper flange
(19) 28 Lower flange
(20) 30 Web
(21) 32 Top surface of first supporting beam
(22) 34 Pillar
(23) 36 Middle section of second supporting beam
(24) 38 End section of second supporting beam
(25) 40 Outer end section of second supporting beam
(26) 42 Top surface of middle section
(27) 44 Top surface of end section
(28) 46 Intermediate supporting beam
(29) 48 Reinforcing bars
(30) 50 Power boiler
(31) 52 Furnace
(32) 54 Cyclone separator
(33) 56 Upper wall or lower wall
(34) 58 Side wall
(35) 60 Slide bearing
(36) 62 Heat exchanger
(37) In the figures, the vertical direction is denoted by an arrow Z and the two orthogonal, horizontal directions are denoted by arrows X and Y. The horizontal directions are orthogonal in relation to the vertical direction.
(38) According to an example shown in
(39) Preferably, the power boiler 50 is a steam boiler of CFB (circulating fluidized bed) or BFB (bubbling fluidized bed) design. The power boiler 50 may comprise further devices that are relevant for the design in question but are not shown in the figures. The power boiler 50 may additionally comprise a cyclone separator 54 connected to the furnace 52 for separating solid particles from flue gases coming from the furnace 52. The cyclone separator 54 may be supported to the support frame 16.
(40) The presented solution relates to a supporting beam arrangement 14 for supporting a flue gas duct 10 which is adapted to convey flue gases past heat exchangers. The supporting beam arrangement 14 is adapted to support the flue gas duct 10 to a support frame 16 of the flue gas duct 10.
(41) According to an example shown in
(42) The supporting beam arrangement 14 may, as shown in the example in
(43) The two substantially horizontal first supporting beams 18 are parallel and situated on two opposite sides of the flue gas duct 10. The first supporting beams 18 are separated by a distance from the flue gas duct 10 and the first supporting beams 18 include two opposite ends that are connected to the support frame 16.
(44) The two opposite ends 22 of the second supporting beam 20 are supported to the first supporting beams 18 and the second supporting beam 20 extends through the flue gas duct 10 in such a way that the second supporting beam 20 is exposed to flue gases. The flue gas duct 10 is supported to the second supporting beam 20.
(45) Each first supporting beam 18 comprises an opening 24, in which opening 24 one of the two opposite ends 22 of the second supporting beam 20 is placed to rest on the first supporting beam 18 in such a way that loads incurred by the weight of the flue gas duct 10 are transmitted to the first supporting beam 18.
(46) According to an example in
(47) In the I-beam or H-beam, the opening 24 may be formed to the web 30 of the beam, underneath the upper flange 26 and above the lower flange 28.
(48) According to another example, the first supporting beam 18 is a box beam with one or more walls attached to each other and extending in the longitudinal direction.
(49) According to an example, as shown in
(50) The box beam may be fabricated by attaching two or more beams, e.g. I-beams, H-beams, and/or U-beams to each other in such a way that the upper and lower walls 56 are formed by the upper and lower flanges 26 and 28, respectively, and the side walls 58 are formed by the webs 30. The box beam may have a rectangular or square cross-section. Preferably, the box beam provides a hollow structure with at least one hollow cell. Preferably, the box beam provides at least one closed cell.
(51) In the box beam, the opening 24 may be formed to all side walls 58 or at least one of the side walls 58, underneath the upper wall 56 and above the lower wall 56.
(52) Thus, the opening 24 may go through the first supporting beam 18 in such a way that the opening 24 gives access from one side of the first supporting beam 18 to the other side of the first supporting beam 18. This is the case in particular for the I-beams and H-beams.
(53) Alternatively, the opening 24 may go through at least one side wall 58 of the first supporting beam 18 in such a way that the opening 24 gives access from one side of the first supporting beam 18 to the inside of the first supporting beam 18. Alternatively, the opening 24 may go through all the side walls 58 of the first supporting beam 18 in such a way that the opening 24 gives access from one side of the first supporting beam 18 to the other side of the first supporting beam 18. This is the case in particular for the box beams.
(54) The supporting beam arrangement 14 further comprises slide bearings 60 in the openings 24 as shown in
(55) At or around the opening 24, see
(56) According to an example, on one side of the first supporting beam 18, plates or flanges are attached to the first supporting beam 18 to cover, shield or enclose the end 22 of the second supporting beam 20, and the slide bearing 60, placed in the opening 24.
(57) Regarding the support frame 16, according to an example as shown in
(58) According to an alternative example, the support frame 16 comprises vertical pillars 34 and two substantially horizontal primary supporting beams. The primary supporting beams are substantially parallel, and each primary supporting beam includes two opposite ends that are connected to the pillars 34 by means of which the primary supporting beams are supported to the ground. In this example, each end of the first supporting beams 18 is connected to one of the primary supporting beams. Thereby, loads incurred by the weight of the flue gas duct 10 are transmitted to the pillars 34 not directly by the first supporting beams 18 but via the primary supporting beams.
(59) Preferably, the primary supporting beams are substantially perpendicular to the first supporting beams 18.
(60) According to an example, the first supporting beam 18 defines a substantially horizontal top surface 32, see
(61) The top surface 32 may be formed by the upper flange 26, or the upper wall 56, discussed above.
(62) Regarding the second supporting beam 20, according to an example as shown in
(63) The middle section 36 and either one or preferably both of the end sections 38 may define a stepped shape for the second supporting beam 20, See
(64) Additionally, the middle section 36 may define a substantially horizontal top surface 42 and each end section 38 may define a substantially horizontal top surface 44. In an example the second supporting beam 20 has the stepped shape in such a way that the top surfaces 44 of the end sections 38 are at a height lower than the top surface 42 of the middle section 36. Preferably, the top surfaces 44 of the end sections 38 of the second supporting beam 20 are at the same height.
(65) The stepped shape enables placing additional supporting or reinforcing beams or bars above the end sections 38 of the second supporting beam 20 in a compact manner for providing structures with a reduced height.
(66) Alternatively, or additionally in relation to the stepped shape discussed above, see
(67) Additionally, the second supporting beam 20 may further include two outer end sections 40, each outer end section 40 including one of the ends 22 of the second supporting beam 20 and horizontally extending outside the flue gas duct 10 between the flue gas duct 10 and one of the first supporting beams 18.
(68) Additionally, in relation to the stepped shape discussed above, each outer end section 40 defines a third beam height B3. The third beam height B3 is smaller than the second beam height B2 and the third beam height B3 is at the most 90%, 80%, or 70%, or at the most 60% of the second beam height B2.
(69) According to an example, the top surface 32 of the first supporting beam 18 is at a first height H1 and the top surface 44 of each end section 38 of the second supporting beam 20 is at a second height H2, the second height H2 being less than the first height H1.
(70) The difference in height enables placing additional supporting or reinforcing beams or bars above the end sections 38 of the second supporting beam 20 in a compact manner for proving structures with a reduced height.
(71) According to an example, additionally the top surface 42 of the middle section 36 in the second supporting beam 20 is at a third height H3, the second height H2 being less than the third height H3.
(72) According to an example as shown in
(73) In an example as shown in
(74) According to an example as shown in
(75) The reinforcing bars 48 may be substantially perpendicular to the first supporting beams 18 and/or the reinforcing bars 48 extend at an oblique angle in relation to the first supporting beams 18.
(76) According to an example, to provide a compact structure, at least some of the reinforcing bars 48 are in a vertical direction located above the top surface 44 of the end sections 38 of the second supporting beam 20.
(77) According to an example, to provide a compact structure with a reduced height, the reinforcing bars 48 are additionally placed at a height lower than the top surfaces 32 of first supporting beams 18, see
(78) The power boiler 50 in relation to which the presented solution may be applied comprises, as described above, the supporting beam arrangement 14, the flue gas duct 10 and the support frame 16, see
(79) Preferably, the flue gas duct 10 comprises at least one heat exchanger 62 constituting e.g. an economizer and including a bank of tubes and adapted to transfer heat from the flue gases to medium flowing inside tubes of the bank of tubes. Preferably, the flue gas duct 10 conveys flue gases downwards in a vertical direction. The heat exchanger 62 is supported to the flue gas duct 10 and, according to an example, additionally to the second supporting beam 20. The supporting beam arrangement 14 may be located below the heat exchanger 62, e.g. an economizer.
(80) The principles in the examples presented above in relation to the second supporting beam 20 apply to any additional supporting beam that is parallel with the above-mentioned second supporting beam 20 and constitutes an additional second supporting beam 20. The first supporting beams 18 comprises openings 24 for each second supporting beam 20 in a manner described above. According to an example, there are four second supporting beams 20.
(81) Also, according to an example, only one of the first supporting beams 18 may apply the principles in the examples presented above. Also, according to an example, only one end 22 of the second supporting beam 20 may apply the principles in the examples presented above. Therefore, the principles in the examples presented above may be applied on one side or, preferably, on both sides of the flue gas duct 10 to provide a compact structure.
(82) Structures and elements described in connection with an example above may be used also in the other examples presented above where appropriate. The solution presented above in relation to the supporting beam arrangement 14 may be applied in relation to both ends 22 of the second supporting beam 20.
(83) It is to be understood that the examples of the solution disclosed are not limited to the structures disclosed herein, but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be recognized by those skilled in the relevant art.
(84) It should also be understood that terminology employed herein is used for the purpose of describing examples only and is not intended to be limiting. Reference throughout this specification to “one example” or “an example” means that a feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the example is included in at least one example of the present solution.
(85) As used herein, a plurality of items or structural elements may be presented in a common list for convenience. However, these lists should be construed as though each member of the list is individually identified as a separate and unique member.
(86) In this description, the terms “substantially vertical” and “substantially horizontal” may be replaced with the terms “vertical” and “horizontal”. The direction of the acceleration due to gravity is defined as the “vertical direction”, the “horizontal direction” defining directions perpendicular to the vertical direction. In relation to the orientations defined in this description, see e.g. “substantially vertical”, “substantially horizontal”, “substantially perpendicular”, and “substantially parallel”, they also include orientations at angles in relation to absolute vertical, horizontal, perpendicular, and parallel directions, whereby the angles cover a range of angles considered reasonable when taking production tolerances and installation work into consideration, and without departing from the concept of the presented solution. According to an example, the range of angles covers angles between −10° and +10°, or between −5° and +5°.
(87) The verbs “to comprise” and “to include” are used in this document as open limitations that neither exclude nor require the existence of also un-recited features. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the use of “a” or “an”, i.e. a singular form, throughout this document does not exclude a plurality, unless where specifically mentioned.
(88) While the solution has been described by way of examples it is to be understood that the solution is not limited to the disclosed examples but is intended to cover various combinations or modifications within the scope of the appended claims.