Abstract
A device (1) for mixing which comprises a housing (2) with at least one inlet (3). A first process region (4) mixes the supplied substances which are introduced via the inlet (3) while a second process region (5) discharges the mixture via an outlet (6). A first gap-forming element (7), preferably a rotor, is assigned to the first process region (4) and comprises openings (8), and a second gap-forming element (9), preferably a stator, is assigned to the second process region (5) and corresponds with the first gap-forming element (7), wherein the second gap-forming element (9) comprises openings (10). At least one of the gap-forming elements (7, 9) is rotatable relative to the other gap-forming element (7, 9). The openings (8, 10) of the first and second gap-forming elements (7, 9) are arranged such that a mixture passes through the openings from the first into the second process region.
Claims
1. A device for mixing comprising: a housing with at least one inlet, a first process region for mixing and dispersing supplied materials, and the materials are introduced into the first process region through the at least one inlet, a second process region for diverting a mixture to an outlet, an outwardly facing surface of a first gap forming element directly facing and partially defining the first process region and the first gap forming element comprises a plurality of openings, an inwardly facing surface of a second gap forming element directly facing and partially defining the second process region and cooperating with the first gap forming element, and the second gap forming element comprises a plurality of openings, wherein at least one of the gap forming elements is designed so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation relative to the other gap forming element, the plurality of openings of the first gap forming element and the plurality of openings of the second gap forming element are arranged in such a manner that the plurality of openings do not overlap and the mixture, produced from the supplied materials, is conductible from the first process region into the second process region through the plurality of openings in the first and second gap forming elements such that the mixture only passes from the plurality of openings of the first gap forming element to the plurality of openings of the second gap forming element through a gap formed between the first and second gap forming elements, the first gap forming element is a rotor and the second gap forming element is designed as a static separating device, and at least one grinding tool, which is designed for dispersing the materials introduced in the first process region, is arranged on at least one of the first gap forming element and the housing, and the plurality of openings of the first and second gap forming elements extend along a length of at least 50% of the length of the first gap forming element in the first process region.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least one gap is formed between the housing and the first gap forming element.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first gap forming element surrounds the second gap forming element, and the gap between the gap forming elements is a maximum of 3 mm.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first gap forming element extends along a length of the first process region.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein grinding bodies, the forwarding of which into the second process region is preventable by the gap between the gap forming elements, are pourable into the first process region.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein openings in the static separating device are smaller than the minimum diameters of grinding bodies.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein both gap forming elements are formed in one of a cylindrical or a conical manner.
8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a pump housing or the housing is connected to a pump housing, and a pump is arranged in the pump housing.
9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the gap between the gap forming elements extends over a length of at least 50% of the length of the first gap forming element in the first process region.
10. The device according to claim 8, wherein the pump is driven by a shaft which, at the same time, drives one of the gap forming elements.
11. The device according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of openings of the first gap forming element and the plurality of openings of the second gap forming element are arranged in such a manner at least one of first sections between two adjacent openings of the plurality of openings of the first gap forming element and at least one of second sections between two adjacent openings of the plurality of openings of the second gap forming element overlap and form a gap portion with a longitudinal extent and a transverse extent.
12. The device according to claim 11, wherein the longitudinal extent lies within a range of half of the transverse extend and three times the transverse extend.
Description
(1) The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures, in which:
(2) FIG. 1: shows a section through a first and a second gap-forming element,
(3) FIG. 2: shows a view of a first embodiment according to FIG. 1,
(4) FIG. 3: shows a view of a section through a first embodiment according to FIG. 1,
(5) FIG. 4: shows a view of a second embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
(6) FIG. 5: shows a section through a second embodiment according to FIG. 4,
(7) FIG. 6: shows an oblique view of a second embodiment according to FIG. 4,
(8) FIG. 7: shows a view of a section of a second embodiment according to FIG. 4,
(9) FIG. 8: shows a section through a third embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
(10) FIG. 9: shows a view of a third embodiment according to FIG. 8,
(11) FIG. 10: shows a view of a section of a third embodiment according to FIG. 8,
(12) FIG. 11: shows a section through a fourth embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
(13) FIG. 12: shows a view of a fourth embodiment according to FIG. 11,
(14) FIG. 13: shows a view of a section through a fourth embodiment according to FIG. 11,
(15) FIG. 14: shows a section through an embodiment of the first and second gap-forming element with a conveying element,
(16) FIG. 15: shows a view of a device from FIG. 14,
(17) FIG. 16: shows a view of a section through a device from FIG. 14,
(18) FIG. 17: shows a section through a first embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
(19) FIG. 18: shows a detail from FIG. 17,
(20) FIG. 19: shows a section through a fifth embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
(21) FIG. 20: shows a view from the device from FIG. 19,
(22) FIG. 21: shows a view of a section from the device from FIG. 19,
(23) FIG. 22: shows a section from a sixth embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
(24) FIG. 23: shows a view of a device from FIG. 22,
(25) FIG. 24: shows a view of a section of a device from FIG. 22,
(26) FIG. 25: shows a section through a device according to the invention,
(27) FIG. 26: shows a view of a section from FIG. 25,
(28) FIG. 27: shows a second embodiment of a device according to the invention,
(29) FIG. 28: shows a view of a section from a device from FIG. 27,
(30) FIG. 29: shows a section through a third embodiment of the device according to the invention,
(31) FIG. 30: shows a view of a section of the device from FIG. 29,
(32) FIG. 31: shows a section through a third embodiment of the device according to the invention.
(33) FIGS. 1 to 13 each show various views of various embodiments of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. Each of these embodiments can be installed in a housing 2 of a device 1.
(34) FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. FIG. 1 shows in this connection a section, FIG. 2 a view and FIG. 3 a view of a section. The first gap-forming element 7 is formed in a cylindrical manner and surrounds the second gap-forming element 9. The second gap-forming element 9 is also formed in a cylindrical manner. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are formed in a rectangular manner, wherein the corners of the openings 8 have been rounded. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are formed in a round manner. The openings 8 and the openings 10 do not overlap. Gaps 13 are formed between the openings 8 and the openings 10. At least one of the two gap-forming elements 7, 9 is formed rotatably about the axis of rotation 11. Dynamic gaps 13 therefore arise. The first gap-forming element 7 is directed toward the first process region 4, while the second gap-forming element 9 is directed toward the second process region 5. The second gap-forming element 9 furthermore comprises a connecting groove 29 which connects the openings 10 along the periphery of the second gap-forming element. Improved transporting away of the mixture after passage through the gap is therefore made possible. The connecting groove 29 also does not overlap with the openings 8 of the first gap-forming element 7. The openings 8 have an extent of 15×30 mm, the openings 10 have a diameter of 12 mm in the region of the bore. Furthermore, the openings 10 are connected in the circumferential direction by a groove which has an extent of 13 mm. The necessary extent of the openings 8, 10 is at least three times the largest diameter of the grinding bodies used, if grinding bodies are used.
(35) FIGS. 4 to 7 show a second embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. FIG. 4 shows in this connection a view, FIG. 5 a section, FIG. 6 an oblique view and FIG. 7 a view of a section. The two gap-forming elements 7 and 9 are formed in the shape of circular disks. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are formed in a round manner. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are likewise formed in a round manner. The openings 8 do not overlap with the openings 10. Consequently, a gap 13 is produced through which the mixture can pass from the first process region 4 (not illustrated) into the second process region 5 (not illustrated). At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is formed rotatably about the axis of rotation 11. FIGS. 8 to 10 show a third embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. FIG. 8 shows in this connection a section 9, FIG. 9 a view and FIG. 10 a view of a section. The first gap-forming element 7 is directed toward the first process region 4 (not illustrated) and the second gap-forming element 9 is directed toward the second process region 5. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are formed in a round manner. The first gap-forming element 7 completely surrounds the second gap-forming element 9, wherein both gap-forming elements 7 and 9 are formed in a rotationally symmetrical and conical manner. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are likewise formed in a round manner. At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is formed rotatably about the axis of rotation 11. The openings 8 and the openings 10 do not overlap, but rather form gaps 13 (added by way of example) through which the mixture can flow from the first process region 4 (not illustrated) into the second process region 5.
(36) FIGS. 11 to 13 show a further embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. FIG. 11 shows in this connection a section, FIG. 12 a view and FIG. 13 a section through the plane B-B of FIG. 11. The embodiment from FIGS. 11 to 13 substantially corresponds to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 apart from the shape and the number of the openings 8. The openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7 are shaped asymmetrically and, in a departure from the openings 8 from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, comprise a ramp 19. The ramp 19 serves as a flow-optimized embodiment for rejecting grinding bodies when the first gap-forming element 7 is designed as a rotor. The number of openings 8 is in each case eight openings 8 in the circumferential direction and four in the longitudinal direction, therefore a total of 32 openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7. Consequently, the mixture can pass more easily into the openings 8 and a higher flow rate into the second process region 5 is achieved. The first gap-forming element 7 is designed here rotatably about the axis of rotation 11. The ramp 19 here has an inclination (alpha) to the tangent to the inside diameter of the first gap-forming element (7) of 10° to 80°, preferably 30°.
(37) FIGS. 14 to 16 show the embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 from FIGS. 1 to 3 with grinding tools 14 and a conveying element 18. FIG. 14 here shows a section, FIG. 15 a view and FIG. 16 a view of a section. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 and grinding tools 14. The first gap-forming element 7 is designed as a rotor, and therefore the grinding tools 14 can contribute to dispersing the materials in the first process region 4 (not illustrated). The gap-forming element 9 surrounds the second process region 5. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10. A conveying element 18 is arranged in the second process region 5 and is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11, precisely in the manner of the first gap-forming element 7, 3. The conveying element conveys the mixture out of the second process region 5 and therefore ensures a good throughput through the device.
(38) FIG. 17 shows the embodiment from FIGS. 1 to 3 with the gap-forming elements 7, 9 and the openings 8, 10. At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is formed rotatably about the axis of rotation 11.
(39) FIG. 18 shows a detail A from FIG. 17. The first gap-forming element 7 with the second gap-forming element 9 and the gap portion 24 formed between the gap-forming elements 7 and 9 is illustrated. The gap portion 24 has a longitudinal extent b and a transverse extent a. The longitudinal extent b lies within a range of 0.5 times a to 3 times a. In this case, the length b=2*a. The transverse extent a of the gap portion 24 is smaller than the smallest grinding body which is pourable into the first process region 4 (not illustrated). For the adaptation of the transverse extent a of the gap 24, the second gap-forming element 9 can be configured to be interchangeable, and therefore the gap 24 is designed to be adaptable to the grinding bodies 16 (not illustrated) if the grinding bodies 16 also have a different size in a first process than in a further process. The transverse extent a of the gap portion 24 corresponds to the transverse extent of the gap 13 (see FIG. 17).
(40) FIGS. 19 to 21 show a further embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. FIG. 19 shows in this connection a section, FIG. 20 a view and FIG. 21 a view of a section. The gap-forming element 7 is formed analogously to the gap-forming element 7 from FIGS. 1 to 3. In a departure therefrom, the second gap-forming element 9 is designed in such a manner that it comprises a multiplicity of annular gaps 20. The annular gaps 20 are dimensioned in such a manner that only sufficiently dispersed material can enter the second process region 5. Furthermore, grinding bodies 16 (not illustrated) which are possibly present cannot pass out of the first process region 4 (not illustrated) through the annular gaps 20. At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is formed rotatably about the axis of rotation 11. The annular gaps 20 are stabilized by stabilizing webs 25.
(41) FIGS. 22 to 24 show a further embodiment of the second gap-forming element 9. The first gap-forming element 7 corresponds to the first gap-forming element from FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 22 shows in this connection a section, FIG. 23 a view and FIG. 24 a view of a section. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are formed analogously to FIGS. 1 to 3. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 and in addition annular gaps 20. The annular gaps 20 are arranged in such a manner that they overlap with the openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7. Only already dispersed mixture can pass through the annular gaps 20 and larger particles are held back. Consequently, this embodiment permits a greater penetration since a greater penetration volume is made possible by means of the annular gaps.
(42) FIGS. 25 and 26 show the arrangement of a first and second gap-forming element 7, 9 according to FIGS. 14 to 16 in a device 1. FIG. 25 shows in this connection a section and FIG. 26 a view of a section. The device 1 comprises a housing 2 which includes a first gap-forming element 7 and a second gap-forming element 9. An inlet 3 into the housing 2 is formed. The materials to be mixed are introduced into the first process region 4 through the inlet 3. The first process region 4 furthermore comprises grinding bodies 16. The housing 2 is equipped with grinding tools 14 on the housing wall. Corresponding grinding tools 14 are formed on the first gap-forming element 7. The dispersed mixture passes from the first process region 4 into the second process region 5 by means of gaps 12, 13. A conveying element 18 which rotates about the axis of rotation 11 is formed in the second process region 5. Furthermore, the first gap-forming element 7 also rotates about the axis of rotation 11. From the second process region 5, the mixture is discharged from the housing through the outlet 6. The gaps 12, 13 are smaller than the diameter of the grinding bodies 16. Consequently, grinding bodies 16 cannot enter the second process region 5. The length of the first process region 15 substantially corresponds to the length of the first gap-forming element 7.
(43) The embodiment of the device 1 in FIGS. 27 and 28 substantially corresponds to the embodiment of FIGS. 25 and 26. However, the device 1 additionally comprises a pump housing 21 of a water ring pump 30. The pump housing 21 is flange-mounted on the housing 2 and comprises a pump inlet 23 and a pump outlet 22. A pre-mix is pumped from the pump outlet 22 to the inlet 3 of the device. FIG. 27 shows in this connection a section and FIG. 28 a view of a section. The device 1 has an inlet 3 and an outlet 6 in the housing 2 in this embodiment. In contrast to the embodiment of FIGS. 25 and 26, no grinding aids are present in this embodiment. However, it is obviously possible to pour the latter in if this is desired. The first process region substantially extends along the first gap-forming element 7. A high throughput can therefore be achieved. The advantage of the simultaneous design of a pump resides in particular in the simplified control means.
(44) FIGS. 29 and 30 show a further embodiment of the device 1. FIG. 29 shows in this connection a section and FIG. 30 a view of a section. Instead of a water ring pump 30, as shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, a side-channel pump 31 is arranged in the pump housing 21 in this embodiment. The pump housing likewise comprises a pump inlet 23 and a pump outlet 22. The pre-mix is pumped from the pump outlet 22 into the inlet 3 of the device.
(45) Apart from the pump housing 21, the design of the device substantially corresponds to the embodiment in FIGS. 25 and 26.
(46) FIG. 31 shows an alternative embodiment of the device 1 in which the gap-forming elements 7, 9 extend only over a partial region of the first process region 4. Furthermore, grinding tools 14 in the form of perforated disks are formed in the first process region 4. The first gap-forming element 7 rotates about the second gap-forming element 9. The two gap-forming elements 7, 9 have respective openings 8, 10. The mixture flows from the first process region 4 through the gaps 13 into the second process region 5. The housing 2 furthermore has an inlet 3 and outlets 6. The grinding tools 14 are arranged on a shaft 26. The shaft 26 comprises a shaft groove 27 in which engagement cams 28 of the first gap-forming element 7 engage. Consequently, the first gap-forming element is driven by the same shaft as the grinding tools 14.
