System for providing a fire safe sealing in an aperture in a wall, a ceiling or a floor of a building, an element for a fire safe sealing system and a bulkhead for a fire safe sealing in the aperture

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a system for providing a fire safe sealing in an aperture in a wall, a ceiling or a floor of a building, consisting of at least two block shaped sealing elements with two main surfaces being oriented parallel to each other and at least three lateral faces connecting the main surfaces to each other, of which at least one element is made from mineral fibres and a binding agent, whereby lateral faces being arranged adjacent to each other, or lateral faces and main surfaces being arranged adjacent to each other, incorporate an angle being unequal to 90° and whereby each element is shorter than the length of the aperture and smaller than the height of the aperture.

Claims

1. A system for providing a fire safe sealing in an aperture in a wall, a ceiling or a floor of a building, comprising of at least two block shaped sealing elements with two main surfaces being oriented parallel to each other and at least three lateral faces connecting the main surfaces to each other, of which at least one element is made from mineral fibers and a binding agent, whereby lateral faces being arranged adjacent to each other, or lateral faces and main surfaces being arranged adjacent to each other, incorporate an angle being unequal to 90° and whereby each element is shorter than the length of the aperture and smaller than the height of the aperture.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the sealing elements have a hexagonal cross-section and therefore six lateral faces being equal in size and shape.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein at least one lateral face of the elements has a layer of an intumescent material and/or at least one main surface has a cover adhered to the main surface.

4. The system according to claim 1, further comprising filler elements being a section of the elements and/or being made of gypsum, mortar, concrete, inorganic sealants and/or combinations of these materials.

5. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a framework consisting of two pairs of beams being oriented parallel to each other and being connected to each other, or being a single piece to constitute an opening for inserting the sealing elements.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the beams of the framework are made of mineral fibers and a binding agent and/or have an inner surface with recesses being formed according to an outer contour of the sealing elements to be partly inserted into the recesses.

7. The system according to claim 1, further comprising distance elements to be combined with the sealing elements and/or the framework and being made of mineral fibers and a binding agent, whereby the distance elements have a bulk density being lower than the bulk density of the framework and/or the elements, so that the distance elements have a compressibility allowing to equalize uneven areas of parts of the building defining the aperture.

8. The system according to claim 1, the elements have a triangular section or a trapezoidal longitudinal section.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the elements have a thickness between 40 and 80 mm, and a bulk density between 100 and 200 kg/m.sup.2.

10. A bulkhead for a fire safe sealing in an aperture of a wall, a ceiling or a floor of a building, comprising at least two block shaped sealing elements, each having two main surfaces being oriented parallel to each other and at least three lateral faces connecting the main surfaces to each other, of which at least one element is made from mineral fibres and a binding agent, whereby lateral faces being arranged adjacent to each other, or lateral faces and main surfaces being arranged adjacent to each other, incorporate an angle being unequal to 90° and whereby each element is shorter than the length of the aperture and smaller than the height of the aperture.

11. The bulkhead according to claim 10, further comprising a framework consisting of two pairs of beams being oriented parallel to each other and being connected to each other or being a single piece to constitute an opening for inserting the elements.

12. The bulkhead according to claim 10, being designed as a prefabricated bulkhead or penetration board for a fire safe sealing in an aperture of a wall, a ceiling or a floor of a building comprising pre-cut slits that subdivide an inner part of the board into smaller areas and/or sealing elements.

13. The bulkhead according to claim 10, wherein it is made of mineral fibers and a binding agent and in that it provides a thickness between 40 and 80 mm, and a bulk density between 100 and 200 kg/m.sup.2.

14. The bulkhead according to claim 10, further comprising distance elements to be combined with the elements and/or the framework and being made of mineral fibers and a binding agent, whereby the distance elements have a bulk density being lower than the bulk density of the framework and/or the elements, so that the distance elements have a compressibility allowing to equalize uneven areas of parts of the building defining the aperture.

Description

DRAWINGS

(1) The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

(2) The disclosure will now be described in more detail by means of exemplifying embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which identical or corresponding components have been given the same reference numerals.

(3) FIG. 1 shows a fire safe sealing element of a fire safe sealing system according to the disclosure in a perspective view;

(4) FIG. 2 shows the element according to FIG. 1 in a cross-sectional view along the line II-II in FIG. 1;

(5) FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of an element of a system according to the disclosure in a lateral view;

(6) FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of an element of a system according to the disclosure in a lateral view;

(7) FIG. 5 shows a beam of a framework as part of a system according to the disclosure in a perspective view;

(8) FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of a beam of a framework as part of the system according to the disclosure in a perspective view;

(9) FIG. 7 shows a bulkhead for a fire safe sealing in an aperture of a wall using a system according to the disclosure in a front view;

(10) FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the bulkhead using a system according to the disclosure in a front view;

(11) FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the bulkhead using the system according to the disclosure in a front view;

(12) FIG. 10 shows a bulkhead in a ceiling using a system according to the disclosure in a lateral view and

(13) FIG. 11 shows a second embodiment of a bulkhead in a ceiling using the system according to the disclosure in a lateral view.

(14) Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(15) Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing.

(16) A fire safe sealing element 1 as part of a system for providing a fire safe sealing in an aperture 2 (FIGS. 7 to 9) in a wall 3 (FIGS. 7 to 9) in form of a block 4 has two main surfaces 5 being oriented parallel to each other and six lateral faces 6 connecting the main surfaces 5 to each other, whereby the block 4 is made from mineral fibres and a binding agent. The lateral faces 6 being arranged adjacent to each other incorporate an angle being unequal to 90°. The element 1 has a hexagonal cross-section and the six lateral faces 6 are equal in size and shape. The two main surfaces 5 are oriented parallel to each other and main surfaces 5 and lateral faces 6 include a right angle, thus forming a right hexagonal prism.

(17) According to FIG. 2 showing the sealing element 1 in cross-section along the line II-II in FIG. 1 it can be seen that the element 1 consists of mineral fibres 7 and a binding agent whereby the mineral fibres 7 are mostly oriented parallel to the lateral faces 6 and therefore mostly oriented in a rectangular direction to the main surfaces 5. Furthermore, it can be seen that the lateral faces 6 are covered with a layer 8 of intumescent material. It is possible to cover all lateral faces 6 of the element 1 with intumescent material or only one half of the element 1 which means that three lateral faces 6 being adjacent to each other are provided with intumescent material.

(18) According to FIG. 2 the upper main surface 5 has a cover 9 adhered to the main surface 5 for example by gluing. The cover 9 consists of a metal foil, for example a foil made of alloy.

(19) Two further embodiments of the sealing element 1 are shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. These embodiments differ from the embodiments of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 in that the element 1 according to FIG. 4 has an isosceles triangular longitudinal section. One lateral face 6 is equipped with a layer 8 of intumescent material. The element 1 of this embodiment has a very slender second main surface 5 in the bottom, being an edge formed by two connected lateral faces 6. The element 1 has two lateral faces 6 being triangular and two lateral faces 6 being rectangular.

(20) An embodiment of the sealing element 1 according to FIG. 3 has a trapezoidal longitudinal section and therefore two main surfaces 5 of different size connected via two lateral faces 6 each being covered with a layer 8 of intumescent material and being rectangular whereas two further lateral faces 6 are being of a trapezoidal form. The upper main surface 5 and the lateral faces 6 incorporate an angle β being smaller than 90°.

(21) The embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4 are preferably used for a bulkhead 10 in a ceiling 11 of a building as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11.

(22) FIG. 10 shows the use of sealing elements 1 according to FIG. 3 which are inserted into an aperture 2 in alternate orientation. At both ends of the bulkhead 10 sealing elements 12 are inserted into the aperture 2 and are connected to the ceiling 11 for example by using an adhesive 13. The elements 12 are a fraction of an element 1 and according to FIG. 10 provided with a triangular longitudinal section whereby the elements 12 are oriented with their hypotenuse to an element 1 being arranged adjacent to the element 12 and being in contact to the element 1 via the hypotenuse whereby the longer cathetus of the element 12 is connected to the ceiling 11. The shorter cathetus of the element 12 is oriented downwards with respect to the ceiling 11 and being flush with an outer surface of the ceiling.

(23) FIG. 11 shows a similar construction by using sealing elements 1 according to FIG. 4.

(24) FIGS. 7 to 9 illustrate three embodiments of a bulkhead 10 for a fire safe sealing in an aperture 2 of a wall 3. FIG. 7 shows the bulkhead 10 in more detail being described in the following and which details are of course present in the embodiments of FIGS. 8 and 9.

(25) The bulkhead 10 is built up by using five sealing elements 1 of honeycomb-like shape. Furthermore, two halfs 14 of elements 1 are used in the bulkhead 10. Further elements 15 being parts of the elements 1 are used to complete the bulkhead 10 of rectangular shape to be inserted into a framework 16 being inserted into the aperture 2. The framework 16 consists of two beams 17 made of mineral fibres and a binding agent and oriented parallel to each other. The beams 17 are arranged at narrow laterals of the aperture 2 and are connected via beams 18 being arranged at the long laterals of the aperture 2. The beams 17, 18 are connected via mitres and consist of mineral fibres and a binding agent. The beams 17, 18 may be connected to the wall 3 via an adhesive. A gap 19 between the sealing elements 1, 14, 15 and the inner surface of the beams 17, 18 is filled with an intumescent material.

(26) In FIG. 7 it is visible that the beams 17, 18 of the framework 16 surround the sealing elements 1, 14, 15 totally. Nevertheless, it is possible that the beams 17, 18 are arranged at only one, two or three laterals of the elements 1, 14, 15.

(27) FIGS. 8 and 9 show embodiments of the bulkhead 10 in a wall 3 being additionally provided with distance elements 20 made of mineral wool, i.e. mineral fibres and a binding agent whereby the distance elements 20 have a lower bulk density than the beams 17, 18 of the framework 16 and/or of the sealing elements 1, 14, 15. In FIG. 8 it is visible that the distance elements 20 are arranged on both long laterals of the aperture 2 and one narrow lateral of the aperture 2, whereas FIG. 9 shows a bulkhead 10 using several mineral fibre boards as distance elements 20 being arranged at two narrow laterals and one long lateral of the aperture 2. It has to be pointed out that the part of the bulkhead in FIGS. 8 and 9 being arranged within the framework 16 and/or within the distance elements 20 is similar to the construction being shown in more detail in FIG. 7. Therefore, these bulkheads 10 are also used to lead two or more pipes 21 or the like through the aperture 2 and close the aperture 2 in a fire resistant way.

(28) The disclosure has the big advantage that if for example only a few pipes 21 or the like are running through the aperture 2 the rest of the aperture 2 has to be closed in a simple way by using the sealing elements 1. Furthermore, if more pipes 21 have to be installed in a later stage it is possible to remove only one element 1 and to drill holes into this element 1 for further pipes 21 or to replace the element 1 by an element 1 already having holes for leading pipes 21 through the aperture 2.

(29) Because of the shape of the sealing elements 1 it is very easy to build up the bulkhead 10 as each element 1 can be arranged easily on one surface of the framework 16 according to FIG. 7, for example the element 1 with the two pipes 21. One half 14 of an element 1 is arranged bilaterals the first element 1 whereby one lateral face 6 of the half 14 is in contact with one lateral face 6 of the element 1. In the next step a second element 1 is arranged on the surface of the framework 16 bilaterals the half 14 whereby one lateral face 6 of the second element 1 is in contact with the second lateral face 6 of the half 14. In the next step a third sealing element 1 is arranged on top of the half 14 thereby being in contact via one lateral face 6 with one lateral face 6 of the second element 1 and the first element 1 as well as with one lateral face 6 of the half 14. In a next step two further elements 1 are arranged on top of the elements 1 being arranged on a surface of the framework 16 thereby being in contact with lateral faces 6 of the elements 1 arranged on one surface of the framework 16 and of the element 1 being arranged in the centre of the aperture 2. Finally, all further gaps in the aperture 2 within the framework 16 are filled with a second half 14 and further elements 15 which may consist of mineral fibre elements or for example of cement, mortar or the like. Due to the shape of the sealing elements 1 it is very easy to exchange every element 1 at a later stage without destroying the whole bulkhead 10.

(30) FIGS. 5 and 6 show two embodiments of a part of the framework 16, namely the beam 17 or 18. The beam 17, 18 has a rectangular cross-section and is bar-shaped. Although FIGS. 5 and 6 only show one beam 17, 18 it has to be highlighted that the framework 16 can consist of four beams 17, 18 being one single piece, for example made of a mineral fibre board into which an opening of rectangular shape is cut and the inner part is removed.

(31) Coming back to the FIGS. 5 and 6 it can be seen that in both figures the beam 17, 18 has a layer 22 of intumescent material. Furthermore, the layer 22 can be an adhesive to connect elements 1 to the beam 17, 18.

(32) The embodiment of FIG. 6 is additionally provided with recesses 23 being formed according to an outer contour of the sealing elements 1 to be partly inserted into these recesses 23. The layer 22 is provided in the recesses 23, too. In cross-section the recesses are trapezoidal. Furthermore, the surfaces 24 of the recess 23 are equal in size to the lateral faces 6 of the element 1.