Lighting Device with Adjustable Light Distribution

Abstract

Example embodiments relate to lighting devices with adjustable light distribution. One embodiment includes a lighting device. The lighting device includes a support with a first light source arranged on the support. The lighting device also includes a lens assembly that includes a flexible solid first lens element extending over the first light source. The first lens element includes a lens portion and an edge portion surrounding the lens portion. Further, the lighting device includes a retaining and adjustment means configured to change a shape of the lens portion while the edge portion is retained in a fixed position with respect to the support. The first light source and the first lens element are configured to generate a first light beam. The retaining and adjustment means is configured to adjust the shape of the first light beam.

Claims

1. A lighting device comprising: a support with a first light source arranged on the support; a lens assembly comprising a flexible solid first lens element extending over the first light source, wherein the first lens element comprises a lens portion and an edge portion surrounding the lens portion, wherein the lens portion comprises a first at least partially concave surface facing the first light source or a second at least partially convex surface located on an opposite side thereof; and a retaining and adjustment means configured to change a shape of the lens portion while the edge portion is retained in a fixed position with respect to the support, wherein the first light source and the first lens element are configured to generate a first light beam, and wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to adjust the shape of the first light beam.

2. (canceled)

3. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lens element is configured such that the first light beam is delimited by a non-circular conical envelope with a non-circular directrix, and wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to adjust the shape of the directrix.

4. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lens portion comprises a central portion and a circumferential portion surrounding the central portion, wherein the circumferential portion is connected to the edge portion, wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to be in contact with the circumferential portion and not in contact with the central portion, and wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to perform a pushing or pulling action on the circumferential portion.

5. The lighting device according to claim 4, wherein a surface area of the circumferential portion is less than 30% of a surface area of the entire lens portion.

6. (canceled)

7. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to change a thickness of at least one section of the lens portion or a curvature of a section of a surface of the lens portion.

8. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the retaining and adjustment means comprises at least one movable or deformable part, wherein the at least one movable or deformable part comprises: a fluid; an actuating means configured to move or deform the at least one moveable or deformable part; and an optional control means configured to control the actuating means.

9. The lighting device according to claim 8, wherein: the at least one movable or deformable part is arranged between the support and a circumferential portion of the lens portion; or the at least one movable or deformable part is arranged in the circumferential portion of the lens portion.

10. (canceled)

11. (canceled)

12. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the retaining and adjustment means comprises at least one retainer element against which at least one section of the edge portion is supported counter to a change in shape of the lens portion.

13. (canceled)

14. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the retaining and adjustment means comprises at least one frame element arranged adjacent the lens portion and configured to secure the edge portion against the support and actuating means configured for displacing the at least one frame element parallel to the support in order to change the shape of the lens portion.

15. (canceled)

16. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the retaining and adjustment means comprises a transparent or translucent plate arranged in contact with the at least partially convex surface of the lens portion and actuating means for moving the transparent plate relative to the support in order to change the shape of the lens portion.

17. (canceled)

18. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a second light source is arranged on the support, wherein the lens assembly comprises a flexible solid second lens element extending over the second light source, wherein the second lens element comprises a second lens portion and a second edge portion connected to the edge portion of the first lens element, wherein the retaining and adjustment means is further configured to change the shape of the second lens portion while the second edge portion is retained in a fixed position with respect to the support, wherein the second light source and the second lens element are configured to generate a second light beam, wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to adjust the shape of the second light beam, and wherein the first and second lens element are manufactured in one integral piece.

19. (canceled)

20. The lighting device according to claim 18, wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to change the shape of the first lens portion independently of the shape of the second lens portion and vice versa.

21. (canceled)

22. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lens element is configured such that the first light beam is delimited by a non-circular conical envelope, wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to change a direction of one or more outer generators of the non-circular conical envelope over at least 1°, wherein the non-circular conical envelope comprises multiple outer generators at local maximum angles with an axis of the non-circular conical envelope, and wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to adjust these local maximum angles.

23. (canceled)

24. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the first lens element is arranged to be movable relative to the support such that a position of the first lens element geometrically projected on a surface of the support can be changed, wherein the edge portion of the first lens element is mounted substantially parallel to the support and arranged to be movable relative to the support in a plane substantially parallel to the support, and wherein the lighting device further comprises a moving means configured to move the first lens element relative to the support.

25. (canceled)

26. (canceled)

27. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein an additional first light source is arranged on the support, opposite the first lens element, and wherein the first light source and the additional first light source are connected such that they can be operated independently of each other.

28. An outdoor luminaire comprising a base and a luminaire head attached to the base, wherein the luminaire head comprises a lighting device according to claim 1.

29. A lighting control system comprising a lighting device according to claim 1 with a control means for controlling the retaining and adjustment means, wherein the control means is configured to receive data and to control the retaining and adjustment means based on the received data.

30. (canceled)

31. The lighting control system according to claim 29, wherein the control means is configured to control the retaining and adjustment means based on an operation state of the first light source and an additional first light source arranged on the support.

32. The lighting control system according to claim 29, wherein the control means is configured to receive data and to control the moving means based on the received data.

33. (canceled)

34. A lighting device comprising: a support with at least a first light source arranged on the support; a lens assembly comprising a flexible solid first lens element extending over the first light source, wherein the first lens element comprises a lens portion and an edge portion surrounding the lens portion, wherein the lens portion comprises a first at least partially concave surface facing the first light source or a second at least partially convex surface located on an opposite side thereof; and a retaining and adjustment means configured to change a shape of the lens portion while the edge portion is retained in a fixed position with respect to the support, wherein the first light source and the first lens element are configured to generate a first light beam, wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to adjust the shape of the first light beam, wherein the lens element is configured such that the first light beam is delimited by a non-circular conical envelope with a non-circular directrix, and wherein the retaining and adjustment means is configured to adjust the shape of the directrix.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0070] The accompanying drawings are used to illustrate presently preferred non-limiting exemplary embodiments of devices of the present invention. The above and other advantages of the features and objects of the invention will become more apparent and the invention will be better understood from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0071] FIG. 1A is a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a lighting device;

[0072] FIG. 1B is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment comprising a plurality of light sources;

[0073] FIGS. 2A and 2B are top views of an exemplary embodiment of a lighting device;

[0074] FIG. 3 is a cross section of another exemplary embodiment of a lighting device;

[0075] FIGS. 4A and 4B are cross sections of possible alternative configurations for the frame elements of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3;

[0076] FIG. 5A is a perspective view of a further developed exemplary embodiment of a lighting device;

[0077] FIG. 5B is a top view of a detail of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5A;

[0078] FIG. 6 is a top view of another exemplary embodiment of a lighting device;

[0079] FIG. 7 is cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a lighting device with a moveable transparent plate;

[0080] FIG. 8 is cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a lighting device with movable parts integrated in the lens portion;

[0081] FIGS. 9A-9C illustrate cross sections of another exemplary embodiment of a lighting device in three different modes;

[0082] FIGS. 10A-10C illustrate a detailed view of a deformed part of a lens portion, a perspective view of the lighting device including the lens portion, and the light distribution with and without elastic deformation of the lens portion, respectively;

[0083] FIG. 11 illustrates a view of a street where the lighting devices of FIGS. 10A-10C are used; and

[0084] FIG. 12 illustrates schematically a conical envelope delimiting a light beam.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0085] Identically acting elements of the invention are provided below with uniform reference numbers where appropriate. The features of the exemplary embodiments described below can also be subject matter of the invention in other combinations of features, but at least in combination with the features in any one of the claims.

[0086] FIG. 1A shows a lighting device 1000 according to the invention. The lighting device 1000 comprises a support 100 with at least a first light source 110, and a lens assembly 200. The first light source 110 is arranged on the support 100 and is preferably embodied as at least one light-emitting semiconductor element, more preferably at least one LED. The lens assembly 200 comprises at least a flexible solid first lens element 210 which extends over the first light source 110, and a retaining and adjustment means 220. The first lens element 210 comprises a lens portion 211 and an edge portion 212 surrounding said lens portion 211. The lens portion 211 has a first concave surface 213 facing the first light source 110 and a second convex surface 214 located on an opposite side thereof. The retaining and adjustment means 220 is configured to change the shape of the lens portion 211 whilst the edge portion 212 is retained in a fixed position with respect to the support 100.

[0087] The lens portion 211 comprises a central portion 211a and a circumferential portion 211b surrounding the central portion 211a. Preferably the outer surface area of the circumferential portion 211b is less than 20% of the outer surface area of the lens portion 211. The circumferential portion 211b is connected to the edge portion 212. The retaining and adjustment means 220 is configured to be in contact with the circumferential portion 211b and not with the central portion 211a.

[0088] In the illustrated embodiment, the retaining and adjustment means 220 comprises at least one movable and/or deformable part 221, an actuating means 222 configured to move or deform the moveable and/or deformable part, and an optional control means 223 for controlling the actuating means 222. The at least one movable and/or deformable part 221 may be arranged at least partly between the support 100 and the circumferential portion 211b. The moveable part 221 and the actuating means 222 may be implemented as one integral part. In the illustrated embodiment the moveable or deformable part 221 can push against a lower surface of the circumferential portion 211b of the lens portion 211 to change the shape of the lens portion 211. In the present exemplary embodiment, the moveable parts 221 may be embodied e.g. as screws, extending through the support 100, typically a printed circuit board. Other possible embodiments of the moveable part 221/actuating means 222/control means 223 are: a piezo electric element or electromagnetic element 221, 222 controlled by electrical pulses generated by a control means 223, a bimetallic strip 221 with associated heating means 222 which are controlled by the control means 223.

[0089] In non-illustrated embodiments the moveable or deformable part 221 could be attached to the lower surface of the circumferential portion 211b of the lens portion 211 and the actuating means 222 could be configured to perform a pulling or pushing action on the circumferential portion 211b.

[0090] The retaining and adjustment means 220 further comprises a retainer element 225, here in the form of a frame element, against which at least one section of the edge portion 212 is supported counter to a change in shape of the lens portion 211. The frame element 225 may be a plate provided with a recess for the lens portion 211 whilst covering the edge portion 212 of the lens element 210. The frame element 225 may be fixed to the support 100 or to the housing (not illustrated) using e.g. screws or rivets or clamps.

[0091] The retaining and adjustment means 220, by having components 221, 222, 223, 225, is configured to change the curvature of at least a section of a surface of the lens portion 211 by changing a distance between the lens portion 211 and the support 100, see shapes S1 and S2 in FIG. 1A.

[0092] FIG. 1B illustrates a perspective view of a lighting device 1000 which is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1A with this difference that a plurality of light sources 110 and corresponding lens elements 210 are provided, here a matrix of 3×6 light sources 110 and lens elements 210. One or more of the lens elements 210 may be provided with retaining and adjustment means 220 as described above in connection with FIG. 1A.

[0093] Optionally, one or more additional first light sources (not shown) may be arranged on the support 100, opposite the first lens element 210, and the first light source 110 and the one or more additional first light sources may be connected such that they can be operated independently of each other. When a lighting control system comprises such a lighting device, there may be provided a control means for controlling the retaining and adjustment means 220 in function of an operation state of the first light source 110 and the one or more additional first light sources. Optionally, such control means may be an integrated with control means 223. In that manner, the shape of the lens portion 211 may be adjusted in function of e.g. which first or additional first light source is on, which first or additional first light source is dimmed, the colour and/or temperature of the first and additional first light sources, etc.

[0094] Optionally, the first lens element 210 is arranged to be movable relative to the support 100 (not illustrated), preferably such that a position of the first lens element geometrically projected on a surface of the support 100 can be changed. For example, the lens assembly 200 with the associated retaining and adjustment means 220 may be movable relative to the support 100, using e.g. rails or any other suitable guiding system. The moving may be done automatically or manually, at the factory, during installation as well as during occasional or everyday usage of the light device. It is noted that such moving may have a larger impact on the light distribution than the adjusting of the shape of the lens portion 211 of the first lens element 210. Thus, optionally, the moving of the first lens element 210 relative to the support 100 may be done as a first adjustment and the adjusting of the shape may be used for fine-tuning the light distribution. In an exemplary embodiment, the lighting device further comprises a moving means (not illustrated) configured to move the first lens element 210 relative to the support 100. The moving means may be controlled manually or via a control means, optionally the same control means 223 which control the actuating means 222 of the retaining and adjustment means 220. Preferably, the edge portion 212 of the first lens element 210 is mounted substantially parallel to the support 100, and the edge portion 212 is arranged to be movable relative to the support 100 in a plane substantially parallel to the support 100.

[0095] The optional features described in the paragraphs above may also be included in any one of the embodiments described below.

[0096] FIG. 2A illustrates a lighting device 1000 which may be the same as the one illustrated in FIG. 1A. FIG. 2A illustrates a top view showing that four movable and/or deformable parts 221 are provided, equally spread around the central portion 211a of the lens portion 211. FIG. 2B illustrates another embodiment in which a large amount of movable and/or deformable parts 221 are arranged in the circumferential portion 211b. There may be provided a single actuating means for a group of movable and/or deformable parts 221 or each moveable and/or deformable part 221 may have its own actuating means, such that each movable and/or deformable part 221 can be actuated independently of the other movable and/or deformable parts. The distribution of the movable and/or deformable parts 221 can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. The use of a plurality of movable and/or deformable parts 221 permits greater influence to be exerted on the deformation of the lens portion 211. A large number of movable and/or deformable parts 221, as in FIG. 2B, permits a virtually continuous deformation of the lens portion 211. This deformation of the lens portion 211 may be controlled such that it has an analogous effect on the light distribution compared to the movement of the light source 110 itself.

[0097] FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the lighting device 1000 according to the invention, where the retainer element in the form of two frame elements 225 also forms the moveable or deformable part. Changing the shape of the lens portion 211 can be carried out here either by deformation of the frame elements 225 itself, for example in the case of an embodiment using bimetal strips, as illustrated in FIG. 4B, or alternatively by displacing the frame elements 225 in a plane parallel to the surface of the support 100, as illustrated in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A. As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the edges 226 of the frame elements 225 may have a shape to guide the deformation of the lens portion 211. In the embodiment of FIG. 3 (and FIG. 4A), the retaining and adjustment means 220 comprises two frame elements 225 arranged adjacent the lens portion 211 and configured for securing the edge portion 212 against the support 100, actuating means 222 configured for displacing the frame elements 225 parallel to the support towards or away from the lens portion 211, in order to change the shape of the lens portion 211, and an optional control means 223 for controlling the actuating means 222.

[0098] FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate how the frame elements 225 may be shaped. As illustrated in FIG. 5A, in an embodiment with a plurality of light sources and associated lens elements 210, there may be provided two frame elements 225 for a plurality of lens elements 210 arranged in the same row or column, so that the shape of all lens elements 210 of the same row or column may be changed in the same manner simultaneously. Preferably, the frame element 225 has a curved inner edge 227 following the curvature of a portion of the lens portion 211, such that it can surround and press against the circumferential portion 211b of the lens portion 211. The two frame elements 225 may be displaceable, one independently of the other, in a plane parallel to the surface of the support 110.

[0099] In other non-illustrated embodiments with a plurality of lens elements 210, each lens portion 211 may be provided with its own pair of frame elements 225. Also, instead of providing two frame elements 225 per lens portion 211, there may be provided a single movable frame element 225 per lens portion 211, or more than two frame elements 225 per lens portion 211.

[0100] FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a lighting device 1000 according to FIG. 3. Here, the retaining and adjustment means 220 comprises again a movable frame element 225 arranged against the edge portion 212 of the lens element 210. The movable frame element 225 functions both as a retaining and adjustment means. In this embodiment, the frame element 225 has a recess 228 through which the lens portion 211 protrudes outwardly. The recess 228 has a shape which is such that the shape of the lens portion 211 can be changed by rotating the frame element 225 within a plane parallel to the surface of the support 100. In such an embodiment, the lens portion 211 is preferably a free-form lens portion which is non-rotation symmetrical around an axis perpendicular on the support 100.

[0101] FIG. 7 shows a further alternative embodiment of the lighting device 1000. The retaining and adjustment means 220 comprises a protective cover 221′, e.g. a protective glass 221′, an actuating means 222 for moving the protective cover 221′ and an optional control means 223 for controlling the actuating means 222. The protective cover 221 may be arranged in a securing system 229 and the actuating means may be arranged to move the securing system 229. The protective cover 221′ is movable in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the support 100 and can be placed in contact with the lens portion 211, resulting in a change of shape of the flexible lens portion 211. In such an embodiment, the lens portion 211 is preferably a free-form lens portion which is non-rotation symmetrical around an axis perpendicular on the support 100.

[0102] FIG. 8 shows a further alternative embodiment of the lighting device 1000 according to the invention, where the movable and/or deformable parts 221 are introduced into the lens portion 211, preferably in the circumferential portion 211b thereof. The movable and/or deformable parts 221 may be movable and/or deformable and/or their shape can be changed, in particular under the influence of electrical, magnetic and/or thermal effects caused by actuating means (not shown). A change in shape of the lens portion 211 takes place as a result of a movement or change in shape of the movable and/or deformable parts 221 embedded in the lens portion 211. The movable and/or deformable parts may be solid or fluid. For example, the movable and/or deformable part 221 may be a fluid of which the volume is changed e.g. by heating the fluid using a heat source as the actuating means. In another embodiment, the movable and/or deformable part may be a liquid, and the actuating means may be configured to inject more or less liquid in a cavity of the lens portion 211. In yet other embodiments the movable and/or deformable part 221 may be integral with the actuating means and may comprise e.g. a piezo electric element. In that case, wires for connecting the piezo electric element may pass through the lens portion 211.

[0103] FIGS. 9A-9C illustrate another exemplary embodiment of a lighting device 1000 in three different modes. The lighting device 1000 is similar to the device of FIG. 1A with this difference that piezo electric elements are used, which function both as the deformable parts 221 and the actuating means 222. The piezo electric elements 221, 222 are connected to a control means (not shown) for controlling the piezo electric elements 221, 222 to be in an “on” or an “off” state. In the mode of FIG. 9A both piezo electric elements 221, 222 are off; in the mode of FIG. 9B one piezo electric element 221, 222 is on and the other one is off; in the mode of FIG. 9C both piezo electric elements 221, 222 are on. In that manner, the lens portion 211 can be given at least three different shapes resulting in three different light beams B1, B2, B3. In this embodiment the edge portion 212 of the lens portion 211 is fixed using clamps 225. However, also other retainer means for securing the edge portion 212 are also possible.

[0104] FIGS. 10A-10C illustrate a detailed view of a deformed part of a lens portion, a perspective view of the lighting device including the lens portion, and the light distribution with and without deformation of the lens portion, respectively, for one deformation example. In the example of FIG. 10A-10C, the lens elements 210 are part of a lens plate 250. In other words, the edge portions 212 of the lens elements 210 correspond with the flat portion of the lens plate 250.

[0105] FIG. 10A shows a section according to XA-XA in FIG. 10B. In FIG. 10A the internal surface of the lens portion 211 is pushed upward over a distance of e.g. 0.1 mm in a direction perpendicular on the support 100. The resulting change in light distribution is illustrated in FIG. 10C: in the polar diagram on the right, D0 shows the light distribution at 90° (i.e. in a plane through a transversal axis A2 (see FIG. 10B) of the lens portions 211, perpendicular on the support 100 in a normal mode (before the internal surface is pushed upward) and D1 shows the light distribution at 90° in a deformation mode (after the internal surface is pushed upward). D0′ shows the light distribution at 10°/170° (i.e. in a plane making an angle of 10°/170° with a longitudinal axis A1 (see FIG. 10B) of the lens portions 211, perpendicular on the support 100) in a normal mode (before the internal surface is pushed upward) and D1′ shows the light distribution at 10°/170° in a deformation mode (after the internal surface is pushed upward). D0″ shows the light distribution at 0° (i.e. in a plane through axis A1 (see FIG. 10B) of the lens portions 211, perpendicular on the support 100) in a normal mode (before the internal surface is pushed upward) and D1″ shows the light distribution at 0° in a deformation mode (after the internal surface is pushed upward).

[0106] It can be seen that the shape of the light beam is changed. The light beam is delimited by a non-circular conical envelope with a non-circular directrix D, as schematically illustrated in FIG. 12 which was discussed above. By changing the shape of the lens element, the shape of the right section R of the non-circular conical envelope (i.e. a section through the conical envelope, perpendicular on the axis A of the conical envelope), is changed. The non-circular conical envelope may comprise one or more outer generators G1, G2 located at a local maximum angle with an axis of the non-circular conical envelope, as discussed above in connection with FIG. 12. The diagram on the left of FIG. 10C illustrates the light distribution in a plane parallel to the street plane, which corresponds with a plane of the base B of FIG. 12. The direction E0, E1 corresponds with a maximum in the normal mode and in the deformation mode, respectively, see the diagram on the left of FIG. 10C. As can be seen in the diagram on the left of FIG. 10C, the light beam is symmetrical with respect to the C90/C270 plane which is oriented perpendicular to the street direction, see also FIG. 11. Preferably, the angle a0, a1 between the street axis and the direction E0, E1 corresponding to an outer generator G1 (here two outer generators G1, G2 are present in view of the symmetrical light beam) is changed.

[0107] FIG. 11 illustrates a view of a street where the lighting devices 1000 of FIGS. 10A-10C are used. By changing the shape of the lens portion 211 as illustrated in FIG. 10A, the shape of the light beam can be changed and adapted in function of the area of the road that needs to be illuminated, and more in particular the angles a0, a1 as defined above in connection with FIG. 10C can be changed. By adjusting the angle a0, a1, the light beam can be adjusted to the width of the street. For example, for a narrow lane, the light beam can be more narrow (seen in a lateral direction of a lane, corresponding with the direction of axis A2) and longer (seen in a longitudinal direction of a lane, corresponding with the direction of axis A1), and, for a wider lane, the light beam can be wider (seen in the lateral direction of a lane) and shorter (seen in the longitudinal direction of a lane).