Abstract
A method of evaluating the suitability of a mobile device for performing an analytical measurement based on a color formation reaction. The capability of the mobile device to have relevant settings of the mobile device controlled by software running on the mobile device is evaluated. The relevant settings pertain to image raw data processing steps to be carried out by the mobile device and may include a color space transformation and a tone mapping transformation. When the evaluation indicates that the mobile device is capable of having the relevant settings controlled by the software, control information indicating that the mobile device is suitable for performing the analytical measurement is provided. When the evaluation indicates that the mobile device is not capable of having the relevant settings controlled by the software, control information indicating that the mobile device is unsuitable for performing the analytical measurement is provided.
Claims
1. A method of evaluating the suitability of a mobile device having a camera for performing an analytical measurement based on a color formation reaction, the method comprising: a) evaluating the capability of the mobile device to have one or more relevant settings of the mobile device controlled by software running on the mobile device, the relevant settings pertaining to image raw data processing steps to be carried out by the mobile device, wherein the relevant settings include at least one of: a color space transformation and a tone mapping transformation; b) when the evaluation of step a) indicates that the mobile device is capable of having the one or more relevant settings controlled by the software, providing at least one item of control information indicating that the mobile device is suitable for performing the analytical measurement; and c) when the evaluation in step a) indicates that the mobile device is not capable of having the one or more relevant settings controlled by the software, providing at least one item of control information indicating that the mobile device is unsuitable for performing the analytical measurement.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one item of control information comprises Boolean information on the relevant settings of the mobile device being controllable or uncontrollable.
3. A method of calibrating a mobile device for performing an analytical measurement based on a color formation reaction, the method comprising: i. evaluating the suitability of a mobile device for performing the analytical measurement according to the method of claim 1; ii. when the item of control information indicates the mobile device is unsuitable for performing the analytical measurement, aborting the method; iii. when the item of control information indicates the mobile device is suitable for performing the analytical measurement, performing the following steps: (1) providing a reference object having a predetermined reference color characteristic; (2) taking a reference image of at least part of the predetermined reference color characteristic using the camera; (3) deriving an item of reference setting information pertaining to the relevant settings of the reference image; and (4) storing the item of reference setting information derived in step (3).
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the reference object is selected from the group consisting of a test strip, a test strip vial, a container, a package and a reference color card.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the item of setting information comprises at least one parameter relating to at least one of: a color space transformation and a tone mapping transformation.
6. A method of performing an analytical measurement based on a color formation reaction in an optical test strip using a mobile device having a camera, the method comprising: A) verifying the suitability of a mobile device by performing at least one of: (i) the analytical measurement according to the method of claim 1; and (ii) checking whether reference setting information pertaining to relevant settings of a reference image is stored in memory of the mobile device; B) prompting a user to perform one or more of applying a sample of bodily fluid to an optical test strip and confirming application of a sample of bodily fluid to an optical test strip; C) waiting a predetermined minimum amount of time; and D) capturing at least one image of the optical test strip having the sample of bodily fluid applied thereto, wherein the reference setting information is used to control one or more relevant settings of the mobile device.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein step A) is performed at least once before step B) is performed.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the method further comprises step E) of determining at least one concentration of the analyte in the sample of bodily fluid applied to the optical test strip.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein step C) comprises waiting for at least 5 seconds.
10. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for performing the method of claim 1.
11. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for performing the method of claim 3.
12. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for performing the method of claim 6.
13. A mobile device having at least one camera and at least one processor having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for performing the method of claim 1.
14. A kit comprising the mobile device according to claim 13 and further comprising at least one reference object having at least one predetermined reference color characteristic and at least one optical test strip.
15. A mobile device having at least one camera and at least one processor having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for performing the method of claim 3.
16. A kit comprising the mobile device according to claim 15 and further comprising at least one reference object having at least one predetermined reference color characteristic and at least one optical test strip.
17. A mobile device having at least one camera and at least one processor having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for performing the method of claim 6.
18. A kit comprising the mobile device according to claim 17 and further comprising at least one reference object having at least one predetermined reference color characteristic and at least one optical test strip.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0141] The above-mentioned aspects of exemplary embodiments will become more apparent and will be better understood by reference to the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0142] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a kit and a mobile device;
[0143] FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of an image processing chain;
[0144] FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of a method of evaluating the suitability of a mobile device;
[0145] FIGS. 4 and 5 show flow charts of a method of calibrating a mobile device;
[0146] FIGS. 6 and 7 show flow charts of a method of performing an analytical measurement; and
[0147] FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a diagram indicating a relationship between actual analyte concentrations and determined analyte concentrations showing a difference between using common methods and devices and using present methods and devices for performing the analytical measurement.
DESCRIPTION
[0148] The embodiments described below are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed in the following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may appreciate and understand the principles and practices of this disclosure.
[0149] In FIG. 1 a kit 110 for performing an analytical measurement is shown in a perspective view. The kit 110 comprises at least one mobile device 112 having at least one camera 114 and at least one processor 116 with software. The kit 110 further has at least one reference object 118 having at least one predetermined reference color characteristic and at least one optical test strip 120. In particular, the reference object 118 and the optical test strip 120 may be combined in one object, thus, as illustrated in the Figure, the reference object 118 may be or may comprise the optical test strip 120.
[0150] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a flow chart of an image processing chain of the mobile device 112. In particular, image processing routines of the mobile device 116 may for example be optimized for generating images that are as attractive to a human eye as possible. Specifically, a variety of algorithms, e.g., image optimization algorithms, may be used for this purpose. For example, such algorithms may comprise changing image data, specifically four dimensional image data, such as information on the image in R, G, G, and B, channels, e.g., RGGB data 122, into an RGGB Channel vector 124 and performing an algorithm of demosaicing 126 to generate three dimensional RGB RAW data 128 of the image. Further, various correction algorithms 130, such as hot pixel correction, noise reduction, shading correction and geometric correction, may additionally be performed when generating the RGB RAW data 128. Subsequently, for example, a color space transformation 132 may be performed for generating RGB data 134 from the RGB RAW data 128. Further, tone mapping correction 136 may be performed to generate final RGB data 138 from the RGB data 134. However, these algorithms may, for example, change image information, e.g., image pixel information, in a non-linear fashion and may therefore change the image information into being unsuitable for measurement tasks such as performing an analyte measurement. In particular, the steps of color space transformation 132 and tone mapping correction 136 may, for example, lead to unwanted color mixtures and an introduction of non-linearities into image data. Thus, not all mobile devices 112 may be suited for performing an analytical measurement based on a color formation reaction.
[0151] FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a flow chart of a method of evaluating the suitability of a mobile device 112 having at least one camera 114. The method of evaluating the suitability of the mobile device 112, also referred to as suitability method, comprises step a) (indicated with reference number 140) evaluating the capability of the mobile device 112 to have one or more relevant settings of the mobile device 112 controlled by a user's software running on the mobile device 112, the relevant settings pertaining to image raw data processing steps to be carried out by the mobile device 112, wherein the relevant settings include at least one of a color space transformation 132 and a tone mapping correction 136. Further, the suitability method may comprise a branching point 142 indicating a condition query, such as deciding between a first branch 144 indicating that the relevant settings of the mobile device 112 can (“y”) be controlled by the user's software running on the mobile device 112 the mobile device 112 and a second branch 146 indicating that the relevant settings of the mobile device 112 cannot (“n”) be controlled. The first branch 144 indicates the relevant settings of the mobile device 112 being controllable by the user's software, thus the branch may lead to step b) (indicated with reference number 148) if the evaluation in step a) indicates that the mobile device 112 is capable of having the one or more relevant settings controlled by the user's software, providing at least one item of control information indicating that the mobile device 112 is suitable for performing the analytical measurement. The second branch 146 indicates the relevant settings of the mobile device 112 being uncontrollable by the user's software, thus the branch may lead to step c) (indicated with reference number 150) if the evaluation in step a) indicates that the mobile device is not capable of having the one or more relevant settings controlled by the user's software, providing at least one item of control information indicating that the mobile device is unsuitable for performing the analytical measurement.
[0152] In FIG. 4, an embodiment of a flow chart of a method of calibrating a mobile device 112 for performing an analytical measurement based on a color formation reaction is illustrated. The method of calibrating a mobile device 112 for performing an analytical measurement, also referred to as calibration method, comprises step i. (indicated with reference number 152) evaluating the suitability of a mobile device 112 for performing the analytical measurement by using the suitability method as described above. Further, the calibration method may comprise a branching point 154 indicating a condition query, such as deciding between a first branch 156 indicating the mobile device 112 being “not suitable” or “unsuitable” (“u”) for performing the analytical measurement and a second branch 158 indicating the mobile device 112 being “suitable” (“s”) for performing the analytical measurement. Thus, the first branch 156 may lead to step ii. (indicated with reference number 160) if the item of control information indicates the mobile device 112 being unsuitable for performing the analytical measurement, aborting the method. However, the second branch 158 may lead to step iii. (indicated with reference number 162) if the item of control information indicates the mobile device being suitable for performing the analytical measurement, performing the following steps: [0153] (1) (indicated with reference number 164) providing at least one reference object 118 having at least one predetermined reference color characteristic; [0154] (2) (indicated with reference number 166) taking at least one reference image of at least part of the predetermined reference color characteristic by using the camera; [0155] (3) (indicated with reference number 168) deriving at least one item of reference setting information pertaining to the relevant settings of the reference image; and [0156] (4) (indicated with reference number 170) storing the at least one item of reference setting information derived in step (3).
[0157] Further, as indicated in FIG. 5, step ii. of the calibration method may further comprise at least one sub step (indicated with reference number 172) informing a user of the mobile device 112 of the unsuitability of the mobile device 112 for performing the analytical measurement, specifically by using one or more of a visual, acoustic or haptic user interface of the mobile device 112. In particular, step iii. of the calibration method may further comprise at least one further substep (indicated with reference number 174) informing a user of the mobile device 112 of the suitability of the mobile device 112 for performing the analytical measurement, specifically by using one or more of a visual, acoustic or haptic user interface of the mobile device 112.
[0158] In FIG. 6, an embodiment of a flow chart of a method of performing an analytical measurement is shown. The method of a method of performing an analytical measurement, also referred to as measurement method, comprises the following steps: [0159] A) (indicated with reference number 176) verifying the suitability of the mobile device 112 by performing at least one of [0160] evaluating the suitability of the mobile device 112 by using the method of evaluating the suitability of the mobile device 112 as, for example, illustrated in FIG. 3; and [0161] checking if at least one item of reference setting information is stored according to step (4) of the method of calibrating a mobile device 112 as, for example illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5; [0162] B) (indicated with reference number 178) prompting a user to perform one or more of applying a sample, specifically a drop, of bodily fluid to an optical test strip and/or prompting the user to confirming application of a sample, specifically a drop, of bodily fluid to an optical test strip; [0163] C) (indicated with reference number 180) waiting for a predetermined minimum amount of time; and [0164] D) (indicated with reference number 182) capturing at least one image of the optical test strip having the sample of bodily fluid applied thereto, wherein the at least one item of setting information is used to control at least one of the one or more relevant settings of the mobile device.
[0165] In particular, step A) 176 may be performed at least once before step B) 178 may be performed. Further, as indicated in FIG. 7, the method of performing an analytical measurement, e.g., the measurement method, may additionally comprise step E) (indicated with reference number 184) determining at least one concentration of the analyte in the sample of bodily fluid applied to the optical test strip.
[0166] FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of a diagram indicating a relationship between actual analyte concentrations and determined analyte concentrations showing a difference between using common methods and devices and using present methods and devices for performing the analytical measurement. The analyte referred to in FIG. 8 is blood glucose, thus the diagram illustrates blood glucose concentrations. Specifically, the diagram illustrated in FIG. 8 indicates a relationship between actual blood glucose values (c) and determined blood glucose values (dBG). Two measurement series or sequences are illustrated. The data points of the first measurement sequence 186 are illustrated in the diagram using a “*” symbol and refer to analyte concentrations determined by using common methods and devices. The data points of the second measurement sequence 188 is illustrated in the diagram using a “⋅” symbol and refers to analyte concentrations determined by using present methods and devices, specifically methods and devices as disclosed herein. In particular, a comparison of the data points of the first measurement sequence 186 and the data points of the second measurement sequence 188 shows an improved accuracy when using present methods and devices as opposed to using common approaches for determining the blood glucose concentration. Specifically, as illustrated in the diagram, a lower scattering of determined blood glucose values may be achieved when using present methods and devices.
[0167] Further, FIG. 8 show regions A to E of an Error-Grid-Analysis, specifically regions A to E of the Parkes Error Grid, quantifying clinical accuracy of a determined blood glucose concentration compared to an actual blood glucose concentration. For more information on the Error-Grid-Analysis reference may be made to Clarke W L, Cox D, Gonder-Frederick L A, Carter W, Pohl S L: Evaluating clinical accuracy of systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose. Diabetes Care 10:622-628, 1987.
[0168] While exemplary embodiments have been disclosed hereinabove, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Instead, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
[0169] 110 kit [0170] 112 mobile device [0171] 114 camera [0172] 116 processor [0173] 118 reference object [0174] 120 optical test strip [0175] 122 RGGB data [0176] 124 RGGB Channel vector [0177] 126 demosaicing [0178] 128 RGB RAW data [0179] 130 correction algorithm [0180] 132 color space transformation [0181] 134 RGB data [0182] 136 tone mapping correction [0183] 138 final RGB data [0184] 140 step a) [0185] 142 branching point [0186] 144 first branch [0187] 146 second branch [0188] 148 step b) [0189] 150 step c) [0190] 152 step i. [0191] 154 branching point [0192] 156 first branch [0193] 158 second branch [0194] 160 step ii. [0195] 162 step iii. [0196] 164 step (1) [0197] 166 step (2) [0198] 168 step (3) [0199] 170 step (4) [0200] 172 substep: informing a user of the mobile device of the unsuitability of the mobile device for performing the analytical measurement [0201] 174 substep: informing a user of the mobile device of the suitability of the mobile device for performing the analytical measurement [0202] 176 step A) [0203] 178 step B) [0204] 180 step C) [0205] 182 step D) [0206] 184 step E) [0207] 186 data points of first measurement sequence [0208] 188 data points of second measurement sequence
