Reaction container

Abstract

The invention relates to a reaction container for stabilizing the temperature of a liquid mixture substances, the reaction container comprising an upper container part and a lower container part, in which the lower container part has an inner direct means of refrigeration and an outer indirect means of refrigeration in addition to an inner, direct means of heating and an outer, indirect means of heating.

Claims

1. A reaction container comprising, a container upper part and a container bottom part, the container upper part being larger as compared to the container bottom part and provided with a large evaporation room having a large evaporation surface, said container bottom part provided with an internal unit for internal, direct cooling and heating and an external unit for external, indirect cooling and heating, wherein the unit for internal cooling and heating and the unit for external cooling and heating are coupled to a thermal management system that includes a controller to stabilize the temperature of a liquid substance mixture residing in the container.

2. The reaction container according to claim 1, wherein the thermal management system comprises a thermal oil heater.

3. The reaction container according to claim 2, further comprising one or more distillation columns arranged on the container upper part.

4. The reaction container according to claim 3, wherein a pressure relief valve is arranged on the container upper part.

5. The reaction container according to claim 3, wherein a heavy particle collector is arranged on the container lower part.

6. The reaction container according to claim 1, further comprising a submersible pump and/or an agitator arranged in the container interior.

7. The container of claim 1, wherein the evaporation surface of the container upper part is larger than a floor surface of the container bottom part.

8. A method of using the reaction vessel according to claim 1 comprising, carrying out a catalytic pressureless depolymerization of carbonaceous input material.

9. A method to temperature-stabilize a liquid substance mixture in the reaction container of claim 1 comprising, keeping the liquid substance mixture at a constant temperature by the internal cooling or the internal heating and the outer cooling or the outer heating, and regulating the cooling and the heating with the thermal management system.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the thermal management system comprises a thermal oil heater, one or multiple coolers, pumps, one or more valves, and controlling the heating and cooling in a fully automated and controlled manner.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(1) FIG. 1 shows a two-part, closed reaction container/separator 1 which has a distillation column 6 in the upper part of the container 2 and an inner cooling 9 and an outer cooling 10 in the lower part of the container 15, a submersible pump 13 or a dry outer pump 11 outside the reaction container 1, as well as various fillings- and removal points for a liquid mixture 12, which is comminuted by the pump 11 or 13 or both, mixed, triturated and thereby heated. The pump drive 5, for the submersible pump 13 and the level, pressure and temperature control 4 are arranged gas-tight on a screw-cap 3.

(2) Thus, the temperature in the mixture 12, especially in the production of middle distillate from biogenic residues and other hydrocarbon-containing waste products, not constantly subject to severe temperature fluctuations, the closed, two-part reaction container 1, a much smaller container base 15, compared to the container shell 2, and a large evaporation surface 8 and a large evaporation room 17. The container lower part 15 is provided with an outer cooling 10 and an inner cooling 9, a heavy parts collector 14 and an emergency discharge A2.

(3) The advantage of this invention is that the container base 15 only has to be slightly overfilled in order to increase the evaporation surface 8 in the container top 2 and at the same time a much smaller volume of liquid mixture 12 through the submersible pump 13 and/or an agitator or by the outer pump 11, or through both pumps 11 and 13, or the outer pump 11 and a stirrer must be moved to keep the temperature constant over the thermal management system 16 and the inner cooling 9 and outer cooling 10.

(4) The reaction container 1, which can also be used as a separator at the same time, has a large evaporation surface 8 and a large volume in the container upper part 2 and a significantly smaller volume in the container lower part 15, in which a liquid substance mixture 12 is circulated by an inserted submersible pump 13.

(5) The container base 15 has an inner (direct) and an outer (indirect) cooling/heating and a heavy particle container 14 (or a heavy particle collector).

(6) The reaction container 1 makes it possible to keep the temperature and pressure of a very small amount of a liquid mixture 12 constant in the direct liquefaction of hydrocarbonaceous residues for the production of middle distillate. By using a special submersible pump in the container base 15, which is suitable for crushing and heating and is arranged gas-tight on a lid 3 in the container upper part 2, the process can be additionally optimized.

(7) With the integrated internal (direct) cooling/heating 9 and external (indirect) cooling/heating 10 in the container base 15 and the thermal management system 16 connected thereto, the very small amount of liquid mixture 12 can always be maintained at a constant temperature.

(8) The liquid substance mixture 12 is pumped with an (external) pump 11 through a substance mixture inlet E1 into the reaction container 1 and can be pumped out of the reaction container 1 again through a substance geniculate outlet A1.

(9) The forming during operation of the reaction container 1 In the container upper part 2 steam 7 can be discharged through a pressure relief valve Ü1, which is arranged on the container upper part 2.