AUTONOMOUS ON-BOARD TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT DEVICE AND METHOD IMPLEMENTED BY THIS DEVICE

Abstract

A temperature measurement device includes: a temperature sensor designed to measure a temperature, a thermo-generator forming, with the temperature sensor, what is known as a measurement surface, the thermo-generator being configured to convert thermal energy of the measurement surface into electrical energy, and the sensor being designed to measure a temperature of a sample in contact with the measurement surface, and an electronic board designed to receive the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator and supply the temperature sensor, the device including the electronic board is positioned a non-zero distance away from the measurement surface in a direction perpendicular to the measurement surface.

Claims

1. A temperature measurement device comprising: a temperature sensor arranged to measure a temperature; a thermo-generator forming, with said temperature sensor, a surface so-called measurement surface, said thermo-generator being configured to convert thermal energy of said measurement surface into electrical energy and said sensor being arranged to measure a temperature of a sample in contact with the measurement surface; an electronic board arranged to receive the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator and power said temperature sensor with at least some of this electrical energy; and the electronic board is arranged at a non-zero distance from said measurement surface in a direction (A) perpendicular to said measurement surface.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature sensor and/or the thermo-generator are located between the measurement surface and the electronic board.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic board comprises at least one voltage converter connecting the thermo-generator to the temperature sensor.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic board comprises a microcontroller arranged to control: at least one means for storing the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator and arranged to power the temperature sensor with at least some of this stored electrical energy; and/or a means for communicating a temperature measurement of said temperature sensor with a remote server.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-generator comprises a surface, so-called dissipation surface, arranged to be at a temperature differing from the temperature of the measurement surface so as to generate electrical energy as a function of the temperature difference between the measurement surface and the dissipation surface.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a heat sink positioned between the electronic board and the thermo-generator, and in thermal contact with the dissipation surface.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a box containing the temperature sensor, the thermo-generator and the electronic board, and in that: the measurement surface is formed on one side of said box, and the box comprises at least one air passage opening that leads to the heat sink.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic board is positioned in a housing thermally insulating it from the measurement surface.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one means for measuring an item of data relating to the environment of said device and in that the electronic board is arranged to power said measurement means with at least some of the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator.

10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for fixing the measurement surface to the sample.

11. A temperature measurement system comprising a device according to claim 1 assembled with a sample, characterized in that the measurement surface formed by the thermo-generator and the temperature sensor is in thermal contact with the sample so as to measure a temperature thereof.

12. A vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, comprising at least one device according to claim 1, the measurement surface of which is located at the level of at least one axle box of said vehicle and provided to measure a temperature of said at least one axle box.

13. A method for measuring the temperature of a sample comprising at least the following steps: conversion of thermal energy of a surface, so-called measurement surface, formed by a thermo-generator and a temperature sensor in thermal contact with the sample, into electrical energy by said thermo-generator; receipt (308) of said converted electrical energy by an electronic board in order to power said temperature sensor with at least some of this electrical energy; and electronic board is arranged at a non-zero distance from said measurement surface in a direction (A) perpendicular to said measurement surface.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a step of increasing a voltage of the converted electrical energy by at least one voltage converter connecting the thermo-generator to the temperature sensor.

15. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises: at least one step of storage of the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator by at least one storage means arranged to power the temperature sensor with at least some of this stored electrical energy, and/or at least one step of communication of a temperature measurement of said sensor with a remote server.

16. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a step of thermal dissipation of a surface, so-called dissipation surface, of the thermo-generator opposite the measurement surface so that the temperature of the dissipation surface differs from the temperature of the measurement surface.

17. The method according to claim 16. characterized in that the thermal dissipation step is carried out by a heat sink arranged between the electronic board and the thermo-generator, and in thermal contact with the dissipation surface.

18. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the thermal dissipation step is moreover carried out by an air flow passing into the heat sink and generated by at least one air passage opening that leads to the heat sink.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES AND EMBODIMENTS

[0066] Other advantages and characteristics will become apparent on examination of the detailed description of embodiment examples that are in no way limitative, and from the attached drawings, in which:

[0067] FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a cross section of a first example of the device according to the invention;

[0068] FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of an exploded perspective view of a second example of the device according to the invention; and

[0069] FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of an example of the method according to the invention.

[0070] It is well understood that the embodiments that will be described hereinafter are in no way limitative. Variants of the invention can be envisaged in particular comprising only a selection of the characteristics described hereinafter, in isolation from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention with respect to the state of the prior art. This selection comprises at least one, preferably functional, characteristic without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention with respect to the state of the prior art.

[0071] FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a cross section of a first example of the device according to the invention.

[0072] The device 100 is provided for measuring the temperature of a sample 102; said temperature can be comprised between −50° C. and 250° C. The device 100 comprises a box 104 comprising at least one opening 106 on the side of the sample 102.

[0073] The box 104 is made of aluminium. In a variant, the box 104 is made of polyurethane.

[0074] The device 100 comprises a thermo-generator 108 and a temperature sensor 110 located on the side of the opening 106. The thermo-generator 108 and the temperature sensor 110 form, on the side of the opening 106, a surface 112 so-called measurement surface 112. This measurement surface 112 is flat.

[0075] The measurement surface 112 is kept in thermal contact with the sample 102.

[0076] The temperature sensor 110 is configured to measure a temperature of the sample 102 and the thermo-generator 108 is arranged to convert thermal energy of the measurement surface 112 into electrical energy in order to power the temperature sensor 110. In particular, the thermo-generator 108 is preferably a Peltier module.

[0077] The device 100 also comprises an electronic board 114 configured, on the one hand, to receive electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator 108 and, on the other hand, to power the temperature sensor 110 with this electrical energy. The thermo-generator 108 and the temperature sensor 110 are positioned between the measurement surface 112 and the electronic board 114.

[0078] The electronic board 114 comprises a voltage converter 116, in particular of the step-up type, connected to the thermo-generator 108. The voltage converter 116 is arranged to increase a voltage converted by the thermo-generator 108 comprised between 30 and 500 mV to a voltage comprised between 2 and 5 V.

[0079] The electronic board 114 also comprises a capacitor 118, of the supercapacitor type, configured to store the electrical energy generated by the thermo-generator 108. The capacitor 118 is connected to the voltage converter 116 and stores the electrical energy at the voltage provided by the voltage converter 116. The capacitor 118 is connected to the temperature sensor 110 and is configured to power it.

[0080] The device 100 moreover comprises a communication means 120, to a remote server, of data relating to a temperature measured by the temperature sensor 110. The communication means 120 is integrated in the electronic board 114 and can be any wireless communication means, such as Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi™, LoRa, SigFox, etc. The communication means 120 is also arranged to receive control data from the remote server.

[0081] The device 100 comprises a microcontroller 122 provided to control the electronic components of the electronic board 114. For example, the microcontroller 122 controls the storage of the converted electrical energy by the capacitor 118. The microcontroller 122 also controls the powering of the temperature sensor 110 and the transmission of a temperature measurement of the temperature sensor 110 by the communication means 120.

[0082] The electronic board 114 is positioned at a non-zero distance from the measurement surface 112, this measurement distance being measured in a direction A perpendicular to the measurement surface 112. This arrangement makes it possible to limit the temperatures to which the components of the electronic board 114 are subjected. The distance between the measurement surface 112 and the electronic board 114 is greater than 1 cm, preferably greater than 1.5 cm, for example equal to 2.5 cm. Contrary to the state of the art, the electronic components of the device 100 are not exposed to high temperatures, which improves the robustness of the device 100.

[0083] The device 100 comprises a heat sink 124 arranged between the thermo-generator 108 and the electronic board 114. The heat sink 124 is arranged in thermal contact with a surface, so-called dissipation surface, of the thermo-generator 108, opposite the measurement surface 112. The heat sink 124 keeps the dissipation surface at a temperature differing from the temperature of the measurement surface 112. The thermo-generator 108 generates electrical energy as a function of the temperature difference between the measurement surface 112 and the dissipation surface. The heat sink 124 is made of metal and/or plastic. The heat sink 124 is bonded to the dissipation surface, using a thermal adhesive and/or an adhesive paste, in order to ensure a thermal contact with said surface. This arrangement allows a better dispersion of the thermal energy of the dissipation surface and therefore a greater temperature difference between the measurement surface 112 and the dissipation surface. The electrical energy generated by the thermo-generator 108 is thus increased.

[0084] One of the advantages of this embodiment stacking the thermo-generator 108 and the electronic board 114 is to make it possible to limit the area of contact of the device 100 with the sample 102 almost only to the thermo-generator 108 and therefore to optimize the power recovered by the device 100 because almost all of this area of contact is occupied by the thermo-generator 108 and therefore works in a useful manner.

[0085] The device 100 comprises a wall 125 dividing the box 104 into compartments forming at least one housing comprising the electronic board 114. The housing is arranged to insulate the electronic board 114 thermally from the measurement surface 112. For example, the housing comprises polyurethane foam in order to insulate the electronic board 114. In addition, the wall 125 is in thermal contact with the heat sink 124 so as to keep the electronic board 114 at an operating temperature of the electronic components.

[0086] The device 100 comprises screws 126 for fixing the box 104 to the sample 102, through the fixing tongues 128 provided in the box 104. The fixing screws 126 and the fixing tongues 128 are arranged to keep the measurement surface 112 in contact with the sample 102.

[0087] Preferably, the sample 102 is an axle box of a rail vehicle and the device 100 is configured to measure a temperature of said axle box, by having the measurement surface 112 in thermal contact with the axle box.

[0088] FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of an exploded perspective view of a second example of the device according to the invention.

[0089] The device 200 comprises the same elements as the device 100 of FIG. 1. In addition, the device 200 comprises openings 202 provided for the passage of air into the box 104. The openings 202 are located on side walls of the box 104 leading to the heat sink 124.

[0090] Moreover, the electronic board 114 comprises electronic components 206, such as the voltage converter 116, the capacitor 118, the communication means 120, etc., positioned on the two faces of the electronic board 114. The box 104 comprises two grooves 204 arranged to receive the electronic board 114 and to hold it in the box 104.

[0091] The box 104 also comprises a separator 208 on which the heat sink 124 is arranged and makes it possible to hold it at the level of the dissipation surface of the thermo-generator 108.

[0092] Furthermore, the temperature sensor 110 is integrated in the thermo-generator 108. The temperature sensor 110 and thermo-generator 108 assembly is fixed to the separator 208 for example by clips or by interlocking.

[0093] The dimensions of the box 104 are 3 cm×3 cm×3 cm and the electronic board 114 is arranged at a distance of 2.5 cm from the measurement surface 112.

[0094] The box 104 comprises a detachable wall 210 that allows access to the components of the device 200 for the assembly or maintenance of the device 200. The implementation of the device 200 is thus simpler.

[0095] In particular, for a sample having a temperature of 100° C., the electronic board 114 is kept at a temperature of 50° C., complying with the operating temperature of the components 206, by the device 200 according to the invention.

[0096] FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of an example of the method according to the invention.

[0097] The method 300 is a temperature measurement method implemented by the device 100 of FIG. 1 and/or the device 200 of FIG. 2.

[0098] The method 300 comprises a step 302 of conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy by the thermo-generator 102.

[0099] Then, the method 300 comprises a step 304 of increasing the voltage of the electrical energy using the voltage converter 116.

[0100] The method 300 also comprises a step 306 of increasing the voltage of the electrical energy using the capacitor 118.

[0101] The method 300 also comprises a step 308 of powering of the temperature sensor 110 with the electrical energy stored by the capacitor 118.

[0102] Then, the method 300 comprises a step 310 of temperature measurement by the temperature sensor 110.

[0103] The method 300 moreover comprises a step 312 of transmission of the temperature measurement by the data communication means 120.

[0104] The method 300 also comprises a step 316 of thermal dissipation of the dissipation surface of the thermo-generator 108. This step 312 is carried out by the heat sink 124.

[0105] Step 316 of the method 300 implemented by the device 200 is, moreover, carried out by an air flow passing into the heat sink 124 and generated by the air passage openings 202. This step 316 is implemented simultaneously with each of steps 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, and 312.

[0106] Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples that have just been described, and numerous modifications may be made to these examples without exceeding the scope of the invention.