Oscillation system for chairs

Abstract

An oscillation system (1) for chairs includes a backrest support (3) oscillating about a rotation axis (4), a first support element (6) of the seat coupled to the frame (2) to assume, in the at rest position of the backrest support (3), a plurality of relative vertical positions with respect to the frame (2) depending on, and by effect of, a weight force applied to the first support element (6). A first elastic element (21) opposes an elastic reaction to the backrest support oscillation with respect to an at rest position of the backrest support (3). A lever (31) connects to the first support element (6) to be rotated by the first support element (6) during variation of the relative position, and connects to the first anchoring end (22) to displace the first anchoring end (22). A fulcrum axis (60) does not coincide with the rotation axis (4).

Claims

1. An oscillation system for chairs, comprising: a frame configured for a base of a chair; a backrest support mounted on the frame to oscillate about an axis of rotation; a seat support mounted on the frame and distinct from said backrest support, wherein said seat support comprises a first support element structured to be coupled to the seat and coupled to said frame to assume, given an oscillation position of the backrest support, a plurality of relative positions with respect to the frame depending on, and by effect of, a weight force applied to the first support element, wherein, for each of said relative positions, the first support element is at a respective vertical height with respect to the frame, said respective vertical heights being mutually different; a first elastic system operatively interposed between said frame and said backrest support, comprising a first elastic element structured to oppose an elastic reaction to an oscillation of the backrest support about said axis of rotation with respect to an at rest position of the backrest support in the absence of oscillation forces, an adjustment system comprising a lever member having a fulcrum fixed to said frame and defining a fulcrum axis, wherein the lever member is physically connected to said first support element to be rotated by the first support element during a variation of the relative position while said backrest support is kept in said given oscillation position, and wherein the lever member is physically connected to a first anchoring end of said first elastic element for displacing the first anchoring end when the lever member rotates, wherein said fulcrum axis is non-coincident with said axis of rotation of the backrest support.

2. The oscillation system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment system is structured so that, with said backrest support in said given oscillation position, a relative maximum height position of the first support element with respect to the frame corresponds to a first position of the first anchoring end of the first elastic element, for which the first elastic element opposes a first elastic reaction to the oscillation of the backrest support from the at rest position, wherein the adjustment system is structured so that, a relative minimum height position of the first support element with respect to the frame corresponds to a second position of the first anchoring end of the first elastic element, for which the first elastic element opposes a second elastic reaction to the oscillation of the backrest support from the at rest position, the second elastic reaction being greater than the first elastic reaction, wherein a distance between the first anchoring end and the axis of rotation in the second position is greater than a corresponding distance in the first position.

3. The oscillation system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment system comprises a second elastic system, distinct from the first elastic system, having a second elastic element operatively interposed between said frame and said first anchoring end, and structured to oppose a reaction force to a displacement of the first anchoring end from said first position and/or to a displacement of said first support element from a maximum vertical height position, wherein the second elastic system is structured to maintain said first position of the first anchoring end when said weight force applied to the first support element less than or equal to a given threshold.

4. The oscillation system according to claim 1, wherein said lever member has a first arm having a respective end physically connected to said first support element to be rotated by the first support element during said variation of the relative position, and a second arm on an opposite side to the first arm with respect to the fulcrum, wherein the first anchoring end of the first elastic element is at an end of the second arm so that said rotation of the first arm induces said displacement of the first anchoring end, and wherein said axis of rotation of the backrest support is arranged in a lower and rear position of the frame, wherein said first elastic element during the oscillation is subject to a traction and wherein said first anchoring end is arranged above said axis of rotation.

5. The oscillation system according to claim 4, wherein the first elastic element belongs to the second arm, wherein a second anchoring end of the first elastic element is attached by a hinge to the frame at the fulcrum.

6. The oscillation system according to claim 4, wherein the first arm of the lever member comprises a sliding member facing the first support element and structured to allow a reciprocal movement between the first support element and the lever member during said oscillation of the backrest support and/or said variation of the relative position of the first support element, said sliding member comprising a caster wheel having an axis of rotation on said first arm of the lever member, wherein a circular peripheral surface of the caster wheel is placed in contact with said first support element.

7. The oscillation system according to claim 1, wherein said seat support comprises a second support element mounted on the frame and connected with said backrest support to move following said oscillation of the backrest support, wherein said first support element is mounted on said second support element so that, for each of said relative positions of the first support element with respect to the frame, the first support element assumes a corresponding a relative position with respect to the second support element, wherein the oscillation system comprises a kinematic connecting mechanism between the first support element and the second support element, or the frame, structured to allow, with the backrest support in said given oscillation position, a relative motion of the first support element with respect to the second support element, or to the frame, having at least one substantially vertical component, to implement said plurality of relative positions.

8. The oscillation system according to claim 7, wherein the first elastic system is physically interposed between said frame and at least one of said backrest support and said second support element, wherein the adjustment system comprises a slot in at least one of said backrest support and said second support element, and a first pin slidable along said slot, wherein said first anchoring end of the first elastic element said first pin.

9. The oscillation system according to claim 8, wherein said slot, in said at rest position of the backrest support, forms an arc of a circle with a centre in said second anchoring end, and wherein said axis of rotation lies on an extension of said arc of a circle.

10. A chair comprising a floor resting base, a stem mounted on the floor resting base, the oscillation system according to claim 1, a seat rigidly coupled to said first support element and a backrest rigidly coupled to said backrest support, wherein said frame is rigidly mounted on said stem.

11. The oscillation system according to claim 1, wherein said given oscillation position is said at rest position.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The features and the advantages of the present invention will be further clarified by the following detailed description of some embodiments, presented by way of non-limiting example of the present invention, with reference to the attached figures, in which:

(2) FIGS. 1 and 2 show, respectively in an at rest and maximum oscillation configuration, a schematic section on a median plane of an oscillation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention in a configuration of maximum softness, with some parts in transparency or removed;

(3) FIGS. 3 and 4 show, respectively in an at rest and maximum oscillation configuration, a schematic section on a median plane of the oscillation system of FIGS. 1 and 2 in a configuration of maximum stiffness, with some parts in transparency;

(4) FIG. 5 schematically shows a semi-portion of the system of FIGS. 1-4, partially exploded;

(5) FIG. 6 schematically shows the adjustment system of the oscillation system of FIGS. 1-5, partially exploded;

(6) FIGS. 7 and 8 show, respectively in an at rest and maximum oscillation configuration, a diagram of an oscillation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a configuration of maximum softness;

(7) FIGS. 9 and 10 show, respectively in an at rest and maximum oscillation configuration, a diagram of the oscillation system of FIGS. 7 and 8 in a configuration of maximum stiffness.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(8) The figures show an oscillation system 1 for chairs according to the present invention. For the purposes of exposition conciseness, the same reference numbers will be used for corresponding elements in the various embodiments.

(9) FIGS. 1-4 show a section, on a vertical median plane, of a first embodiment of the system 1. This plane is typically a plane of symmetry for some of the components described and illustrated, such as the backrest and the seat support, the frame, as for example known in the art.

(10) FIGS. 7-10 show a kinematic diagram of the system 1 in a second embodiment, in a side view.

(11) The oscillation system 1 for chairs comprises a rigid frame 2 (in FIGS. 7-10 it is represented by the symbols of the ‘earth’) intended to be associated with a base of a chair (not shown, for example by means of a stem, not shown, which engages a suitable bore 2a in the frame), a backrest support 3 mounted on the frame to be able to oscillate around an axis of rotation 4 fixed with respect to the frame and a seat support 5 mounted on the frame and distinct from the backrest support 3.

(12) The illustrated examples show “synchronized” oscillation systems.

(13) For this purpose, the seat support 5 comprises a first support element 6, rigid, structured to be rigidly coupled to the seat (not shown) and a second support element 7, rigid, mounted on the frame and connected in an articulated way with the backrest support 3 to rotationally translate following the oscillation of the backrest support. In the shown examples, the second support element 7 and the backrest support 3 are connected by means of a hinge 8 which is movable with respect to the frame. In the example shown in FIGS. 1-5, the hinge 8 is formed by a rod 18, integral with the two bodies and acting as a pivot of relative rotation between the two bodies.

(14) The second support element 7 is exemplarily directly mounted on the frame 2 by means of a slider 19 (shown only symbolically in FIGS. 7-10) which allows the rotational translation of the second support element with respect to the frame.

(15) In the example of FIGS. 1-5, the slider 19 is formed by a pin 9 integral with the frame which engages a slot 10 (in the example straight and horizontal, although it may have any shape and orientation, for example to give a weighing-people effect) afforded in the second support element 7.

(16) In alternative embodiments, not shown, the second support element may be integral with the backrest support and it may also rotate about the axis of rotation.

(17) Advantageously, the first support element 6 is directly mounted, in an overlying position, on the second support element 7 to assume, given an oscillation position of the backrest support, a plurality of relative positions with respect to the second support element 7, and therefore with respect to the frame 3, depending only on, and solely by effect of, a weight force applied to the first support element 6, wherein the relative positions have different vertical heights of the first support element 6 with respect to the second support element 7 and/or to the frame 3.

(18) Preferably the oscillation system comprises a kinematic connecting mechanism between the first support element 6 and the second support element 7, to allow, with the backrest support in said oscillation position, preferably in the at rest position, a relative motion of the first support element 6 with respect to the second support element 7 having at least one vertical component, in order to implement the plurality of relative positions.

(19) It is observed that the first support element 6 can assume the aforesaid plurality of relative positions for at least a given oscillation position of the backrest support, preferably for each oscillation position. In other words, in each oscillation position of the backrest support, the first element can assume all the possible relative positions. Typically, as in the shown examples, the transition from one relative position to another can take place only in a specific oscillation position, preferably in the at rest position, i.e. in the absence of actions.

(20) Preferably, but not necessarily, once a relative position is assumed in the at rest position, this relative position between the two support elements 6 and 7 is kept unchanged throughout the oscillation, the relative movement between the two support elements being prevented, as better explained later.

(21) In the example shown in FIGS. 1-5, the kinematic connecting mechanism comprises, for each side of the oscillation system, a slot 11 afforded in a rear position of the first support element 6 and which is engaged by the aforesaid rod 8 which acts as a pin integral with the second support element 7. Preferably the slot 11 has a vertical development, so that the aforesaid relative motion is vertical.

(22) In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the kinematic connecting mechanism comprises, in a front position thereof, a connecting rod 12 hinged at its opposite ends respectively to the first and second support elements. Exemplarily, to allow the rotation of the rod 12 during the vertical lowering of the first support element 6, a further horizontal slot 13 is afforded in the first support element 6 and it is engaged by a hinge pin 14 at the upper end of the connecting rod 12.

(23) In the example shown in FIGS. 7-10, the kinetic connecting mechanism comprises, both in a front and in a rear position thereof, respective connecting rod 12, 15 hinged at the respective opposite ends respectively to the first and second support elements. Also in this case release slots are provided (not shown).

(24) In alternative embodiments, not shown, the kinematic connecting mechanism can have the slot 11 at the front and the connecting rod 12 at the rear, or can comprise two slots of the type of the slot 11 respectively at the front and rear. Moreover, the slots of the type of the slot 11 or of the further slot 13 can be obtained, as an alternative, on the second support element 7.

(25) Preferably the oscillation system 1 comprises a first elastic system 20 operatively interposed between the frame 2 and the backrest support 3, comprising a first elastic element 21 structured to oppose a growing elastic reaction to a growing oscillation of the backrest support with respect to the at rest position of the backrest support.

(26) In the shown examples, the first elastic element 21 has a first anchoring end 22 abutted to the backrest support and a second anchoring end 23, opposite to the first one, directly abutted to the frame 2 by a hinge. In alternative embodiments, not shown, the first end can be abutted to the second support element 7 suitably shaped.

(27) Preferably, the first elastic element 21 comprises an elastic body 24 (e.g. a spring), a first fastening member 25 and a second fastening member 26 distinct from the first one, wherein the elastic body 24 is fastened (e.g. by screwing on respective external threads) at its opposite ends respectively to the first and second fastening member.

(28) During the oscillation, the first elastic element 21 works exemplarily by traction in the example shown in FIGS. 1-6, and in compression in the example shown in FIGS. 7-10.

(29) In the example shown in FIGS. 1-6, in the at rest position of the backrest support 3, the first elastic element 24 is in a deformed position (‘preload’) and the first and second fastening members 25, 26 are in contact with each other and kept pushed against each other by the first elastic element.

(30) The oscillation system 1 comprises an adjustment system 30 structured for positioning the first anchoring end 22 (solely) as a function of the relative position of the first support element 6 with respect to the second support element 7 (and therefore to the frame 2), with the backrest support 3 in the at rest position.

(31) In the shown examples, the adjustment system 30 comprises a, rigid, lever member 31, having a fulcrum 32 (e.g. a pin which realizes a fulcrum axis 60 of the lever member, parallel to the axis of rotation 4, as shown in the FIGS. 1-6) fixed to the frame 3. The lever member 31 is physically connected to the first support element 6 to be rotated during the movement of the first support element from the maximum vertical height relative position, and furthermore it is physically connected to the first anchoring end 22 of the first elastic element, such that the rotation of the lever member 31 induces the aforesaid movement of the first anchorage end 22. In the example shown in FIGS. 1-6, the lever member 31 is a first kind lever.

(32) Preferably, the lever member 31 has a first arm 33 having its respective end physically in contact with the first support element 6 to be rotated by the first support element 6 when it is lowered from the maximum vertical height relative position, and a second arm 34 on the side opposite the first arm with respect to the fulcrum.

(33) Preferably, the first elastic element 21 makes integrally and rigidly part of the second arm 34, the first anchoring end 22 of the first elastic element 21 being at the end of the second arm 34 and the second anchoring end 23 of the first elastic element being directly abutted on the frame at the fulcrum 32 (in the example the second anchorage end coincides with the fulcrum 32). In the example shown in FIGS. 1-6, the first elastic element 21 entirely forms the second arm 34.

(34) Preferably, the first fastening member 25 is integral (preferably in a single body) with the first arm. Preferably, the first arm 33 of the lever member comprises a sliding member 37 facing the first support element 6 and structured to allow reciprocal movement between the first support element and the lever member during the oscillation of the backrest support and/or during the variation of the relative position of the first support element. In the shown example, the sliding member is a wheel 38 with an axis of rotation on the first arm of the lever member and a peripheral circular surface in contact with a lower surface of the first support element.

(35) In the example shown in FIGS. 7-10, the lever member 31 is a third kind lever.

(36) Preferably, the adjustment system 30 comprises a rod 29 which connects (preferably with a slider) the first support element 6 with the lever member 31 to impress a torque to the lever member 31. A terminal end 28 of the lever member, opposite to the fulcrum 32 and suitably shaped as an arc of a circle with centre in the axis of rotation 4, engages the first anchoring end 22 to move the latter.

(37) In further embodiments of the present invention, not shown, the lever member can be a second kind lever.

(38) Preferably (as shown in the examples) the adjustment system 30 comprises a slot 35 afforded in the backrest support 3 and a first pin 36 which can slide along the slot, wherein the first anchoring end 22 of the first elastic element 21 is directly abutted on (or coincides with) the first pin 36. Preferably, the slot 35, in the at rest position of the backrest support, is formed like an arc of a circle 39 with centre in the hinge point of the second anchoring end 23. Preferably, the axis of rotation 4 lies on an extension of the arc of a circle.

(39) The adjustment system thus structured realizes that, with the backrest support in the at rest position, to a maximum height relative position of the first support element 6 with respect to the second support element 7 (shown exemplarily in FIGS. 1 and 7) corresponds a first position of the first anchoring end 22 of the first elastic element 21, wherein the distance d (corresponding to the arm of the elastic force developed by the first elastic element) between the first anchoring end 22 and the axis of rotation 4 is minimal, so that the first elastic element opposes a minimal elastic reaction to the oscillation of the backrest support from the at rest position. Moreover, at a minimum height relative position of the first support element 6 with respect to the second support element 7 (shown exemplarily in FIGS. 3 and 9) corresponds a second position of the first anchoring end 22 of the first elastic element 21, wherein the aforesaid distance d is maximum, so that the first elastic element opposes a maximum elastic reaction to the oscillation of the backrest support from the at rest position. At each intermediate relative position between the minimum and maximum height positions, along a continuum of positions, corresponds one and only one position of the first end of the elastic element intermediate between the first and the second position.

(40) Preferably the adjustment system 30 comprises a second elastic system 40 having a second elastic element 41 interposed between the frame 2 and the adjustment system 30, and structured to oppose a reaction force to a displacement of the first anchoring end 22 of the first elastic element 21 from the first position and correspondingly to a displacement of the first support element 6 from the maximum vertical height position.

(41) Preferably, the second elastic element 41 is preloaded in the first position. During the self-adjustment, the second elastic element can work in tension (as shown in the examples of the figures) or by compression (not shown).

(42) Exemplary, the second elastic element is directly abutted to the frame on one side and to the first end 22 of the first elastic element 21 on the opposite side.

(43) In a possible not shown embodiment, the second elastic system can be abutted (also) at any point of the lever member 31 and/or of the first support element 6.

(44) In a not shown embodiment, the second elastic system can comprise a torsional spring operative about the fulcrum axis 60 of the lever member 31 and/or (FIG. 7-10) about the hinge at the second anchoring end 23.

(45) Preferably, the adjustment system 30 comprises a locking system 61 of the first anchoring end 22, comprising a slider 50 (not shown in FIGS. 7-10) carrying the first pin 36 and slidably engaging the slot 35, wherein the respective contact surfaces between the slider and the slot have a high friction coefficient. For example, the inner surface 51 of the slot 35 (proximal to the elastic element 24 for the example in FIGS. 1-6, distal from the elastic element 24 for the example in FIGS. 7-10, when the locking system is present) is treated or coated or covered with a suitable element, to have a surface like the surface of the discs in the disc brakes for vehicles, and the corresponding surface of the slider 50, or the whole slider 50, is of the type of pads in the aforementioned disc brakes.

(46) Preferably, the first elastic system comprises (not shown) a third elastic element, comprising a respective elastic body, for example directly abutted between the frame and the backrest support in a fixed position (unlike the first elastic element). Preferably, the third elastic element is preloaded in the at rest position of the backrest support.

(47) In use, in the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 (at rest position and maximum softness, i.e. with minimum distance d), the backrest support is steadily held in the at rest position by the third preloaded elastic element. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the first elastic element 21, as explained, although also deformed, does not exert a traction on the backrest support thanks to the contact between the two fastening members 25 and 26. The first support element 6 is held in the maximum height relative position by the second elastic system 40, which is also preloaded.

(48) In the case of sitting of a user who weighs less than a threshold weight (e.g. 40 kg), the first support element 6 does not lower due to the preloading of the second elastic element 41 and therefore the whole adjustment system does not operate. In case of oscillation (in FIGS. 2 and 8 shown in its maximum amplitude), the oscillation system responds with a minimum reaction torque.

(49) In the case of sitting of a user who weighs more than a threshold weight, the first support element 6 is lowered until the weight is balanced by the second elastic system 40, thanks to the operation of the lever member 31 of the adjustment system 30. If the weight force reaches a limit value (for example 80 kg), and for all the weight force values above this limit value, the first support element 6 reaches the minimum height position, shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, in correspondence of which the first end 22 reaches the point of end of stroke. In case of oscillation (in FIGS. 4 and 10 shown in its maximum amplitude), the oscillation system responds with a maximum reaction torque.

(50) It is observed that the presence of the locking system of the first end 22 in the slot (as in the example of FIGS. 1-6) can determine, due to the constraints between the various components of the kinematic chain, a slight lifting of the first support element 6 during oscillation, and/or an elastic deformation of the components of the kinematic chain, such as the lever member 31 (the spring). In the event of absence of the locking system, or its action only beyond a certain oscillation, it may happen that, once the degree of stiffness in the at rest position has been self-adjusted as described above, during the oscillation a shift of the first end 22 along the slot occurs, due to the constraints between the various components of the kinematic chain, as shown for example in FIGS. 7-10. In this case, which is part of the present invention, a further adjustment of the stiffness during the oscillation is carried out, for example a (further) increase in stiffness as the oscillation increases. From a comparison between FIGS. 2 and 4, as well as 8 and 10, it can be seen that, in addition to the variation of the elastic force arm developed by the first elastic element, the present invention also synergistically provides a variation of the degree of extension of the first elastic element (much greater in FIGS. 4 and 10 with respect to FIGS. 2 and 8, respectively).

(51) In the illustrated and described embodiments, the backrest support 3 is rigid and rotates rigidly around the axis of rotation 4.

(52) In alternative embodiments of the present invention, not shown, the backrest support is composed of several articulated elements, at least one of which can rotate around the aforementioned axis of rotation 4. For example, as shown in WO2009/153811 (to which reference is made for constructive details), the backrest support comprises a support body designed to be rigidly fixed to the backrest (which in this case can rotationally translate rather than simply rotating around the axis of rotation), and a kinematic mechanism for connection to the frame (to form, for example, an articulated quadrilateral) in which at least one element (e.g. a connecting rod) is hinged directly to the frame to be able to rotate about the axis of rotation. In this case preferably the first elastic system can be abutted to said at least one element.

(53) The present invention also comprises solutions, not shown, wherein the development of the slot is different from the shown arc of a circle, for example for the purpose of also varying the preload of the first elastic element in the at rest position. For example, if the slot 35 is rectilinear instead of an arc of a circle, during the adjustment by the adjustment system 30 the degree of deformation of the spring varies.