Multilayered sintered plate and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

A manufacturing apparatus 1 has a leveler 3 which, while pulling out a steel plate starting with one end thereof and while transporting it, corrects the waviness and the like of the steel plate, which serves as a backing plate 2 and is constituted by a continuous strip having a thickness of 0.3 to 2.0 mm and provided as a hoop material by being wound into a coil shape.

Claims

1. A multilayered sintered plate comprising: a backing plate; and a porous sintered alloy layer which is integrally joined to one surface of said backing plate, wherein said porous sintered alloy layer is consisting of 30 to 50% by mass of nickel, 1 to 10% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5 to 10% by mass of tin, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities, and has a structure which includes a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel-tin alloy and a hard phase precipitated in the matrix phase and containing a nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy.

2. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 1, wherein the matrix phase has a micro Vickers hardness (HMV) of at least 220, and the hard phase has a micro Vickers hardness (HMV) of at least 700.

3. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 1, wherein the backing plate is comprised of a ferritic, austenitic, or martensitic stainless steel plate, and the one surface of said backing plate is one surface of the stainless steel plate.

4. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 1, wherein said backing plate is comprised of a ferritic, austenitic, or martensitic stainless steel plate and of a nickel coating covering at least one surface of the stainless steel plate, and the one surface of said backing plate is one surface of the nickel coating.

5. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 1, wherein said backing plate is comprised of a rolled steel plate for general structure or a cold rolled steel plate, and the one surface of said backing plate is one surface of the rolled steel plate for general structure or the cold rolled steel plate.

6. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 1, wherein said backing plate is comprised of a rolled steel plate for general structure or a cold rolled steel plate and of a nickel coating covering one surface of the rolled steel plate for general structure or the cold rolled steel plate, and the one surface of said backing plate is one surface of the nickel coating.

7. A method of manufacturing a multilayered sintered plate having a backing plate and a porous sintered alloy layer joined integrally to one surface of the backing plate, comprising the steps of: (a) preparing as the backing plate a steel plate formed of a ferritic, austenitic or martensitic stainless steel plate, or a rolled steel plate for general structure or a cold rolled steel plate; (b) producing a molten metal by melting raw material metals including predetermined amounts of simple substance iron, simple substance nickel, an iron-phosphorus alloy, a nickel-phosphorus alloy; and simple substance tin which are capable of obtaining an alloy consisting of 30 to 50% by mass of nickel, 1 to 10% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5 to 10% by mass of tin; and the balance iron and inevitable impurities, and finely pulverizing the molten metal by an atomization process to thereby produce an atomized alloy powder; and (c) spreading the atomized alloy powder onto the one surface of said backing plate and sintering, in a sintering furnace adjusted to a reducing atmosphere, said thus-treated backing plate for 5 to 10 minutes at a temperature of 890° C. to 930° C., thereby integrally joining to the one surface of said backing plate a porous sintered alloy layer composed of 30 to 50% by mass of nickel, 1 to 10% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5 to 10% by mass of tin, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities, wherein the porous sintered alloy layer joined integrally to the one surface of said backing plate formed of the steel plate has a structure which includes a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel-tin alloy and a hard phase containing a nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy precipitated in the matrix phase.

8. A multilayered sintered plate comprising: a backing plate; and a porous sintered alloy layer which is integrally joined to one surface of said backing plate, wherein said porous sintered alloy layer does not include copper and comprises 30 to 50% by mass of nickel, 1 to 10% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5 to 10% by mass of tin, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities, and has a structure which includes a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel-tin alloy and a hard phase precipitated in the matrix phase and containing a nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy.

9. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 8, wherein the matrix phase has a micro Vickers hardness (HMV) of at least 220, and the hard phase has a micro Vickers hardness (HMV) of at least 700.

10. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 8, wherein the backing plate is comprised of a ferritic, austenitic, or martensitic stainless steel plate, and the one surface of said backing plate is one surface of the stainless steel plate.

11. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 8, wherein said backing plate is comprised of a ferritic, austenitic, or martensitic stainless steel plate and of a nickel coating covering at least one surface of the stainless steel plate, and the one surface of said backing plate is one surface of the nickel coating.

12. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 8, wherein said backing plate is comprised of a rolled steel plate for general structure or a cold rolled steel plate, and the one surface of said backing plate is one surface of the rolled steel plate for general structure or the cold rolled steel plate.

13. The multilayered sintered plate according to claim 8, wherein said backing plate is comprised of a rolled steel plate for general structure or a cold rolled steel plate and of a nickel coating covering one surface of the rolled steel plate for general structure or the cold rolled steel plate, and the one surface of said backing plate is one surface of the nickel coating.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an apparatus for manufacturing a multilayered sintered plate in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

(2) FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a scanning electron microscope image of a cross-sectional structure of a porous sintered alloy layer in the preferred embodiment of the invention;

(3) FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a partially enlarged scanning electron microscope image of FIG. 2; and

(4) FIG. 4 is an explanatory perspective view for explaining a thrust test method.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(5) Next, a more detailed description will be given of the present invention and the mode for carrying it out on the basis of the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

(6) A description will be given of a method of manufacturing a multilayered sintered plate in accordance with the present invention by using a manufacturing apparatus 1 as shown in FIG. 1.

(7) The manufacturing apparatus 1 has a leveler 3 which, while pulling out a steel plate starting with one end thereof and while transporting it, corrects the waviness and the like of the steel plate, which serves as a backing plate 2 and is constituted by a continuous strip having a thickness of 0.3 to 2.0 mm and provided as a hoop material by being wound into a coil shape. The steel plate serving as the backing plate 2 may not necessarily be a continuous strip, but may be a strip cut into an appropriate length. In addition, the backing plate 2 may be comprised of a steel plate and a nickel coating formed on at least one surface of this steel plate.

(8) The backing plate 2, while being transported in a direction A (transporting direction) by the leveler 3, is subjected to correction of waviness and the like. A hopper 5 with an alloy powder 4 stored therein is disposed on the downstream side of the leveler 3 in the direction A, and the alloy powder 4 stored in the hopper 5 is supplied (spread) onto the surface of the backing plate 2 which passed the leveler 3. A scraping plate 6 for smoothing the alloy powder 4 supplied onto the surface of the backing plate 2 is fixed at a lower end portion of the hopper 5, so that the alloy powder 4 which passed the scraping plate 6 is smoothed, thereby allowing an unsintered alloy powder layer 7 of a uniform thickness to be formed on one surface of the backing plate 2.

(9) The alloy powder 4 stored in the hopper 5 is an atomized alloy powder.

(10) The atomized alloy powder is produced as follows.

(11) Simple substance iron, simple substance nickel, an iron-19 mass % phosphorus alloy, an iron-25 mass % phosphorus alloy, a nickel-4 to 12 mass % phosphorus alloy, and simple substance tin were prepared as raw material metals. From these raw material metals, an alloy raw material is produced which is composed of 30 to 50% by mass of nickel, 1 to 10% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5 to 10% by mass of tin, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities. The alloy raw material is melted to produce a molten alloy (molten metal), whereupon the molten metal is collided against a fluid (a liquid or a gas) jetted at high speed so as to be finely pulverized and is cooled, to thereby produce an atomized alloy powder which is composed of 30 to 50% by mass of nickel, 1 to 10% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5 to 10% by mass of tin, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities. With the atomized alloy powder thus produced, alloying is promoted by the melting of iron, nickel, phosphorus, and tin.

(12) The particle shape of a gas atomized alloy powder produced by using a gas (inert gas) as a fluid for jetting the molten metal at high speed is spherical in shape, whereas the particle shape of a water atomized alloy powder produced by using a liquid (water) as the fluid is irregular in shape. The particle size of the atomized alloy powder is 44 to 149 μm (325 to 100 meshes).

(13) As shown in FIG. 1, the backing plate 2 on one surface of which an unsintered atomized alloy powder layer with a uniform thickness without causing segregation has been formed is carried into a heating (sintering) furnace 8 adjusted to a reducing atmosphere of such as a vacuum or a hydrogen (H.sub.2) gas, an H.sub.2—nitrogen (N.sub.2) mixed gas (25 vol. % H.sub.2 and 75 vol. % N.sub.2), or an ammonia cracked gas (AX gas: a mixed gas of 75 vol. % H.sub.2 and 25 vol. % N.sub.2), and is sintered in the heating surface 8 for 5 to 10 minutes at a temperature of 890 to 930° C. Through this sintering, nickel of the atomized alloy powder is diffused and solid-dissolved on the surface of the backing plate 2 to alloy the surface thereof, and enhances the bonding strength of the porous sintered alloy layer of the atomized alloy powder to the backing plate 2. Further, a nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy of the atomized alloy powder is interposed at a bonding interface between the porous sintered alloy layer and the backing plate 2, and firmly bonds and integrates the porous sintered alloy layer to the backing plate 2, coupled with the alloying due to diffusion and solid solution of nickel at the interface. The thickness of the porous sintered alloy layer joined integrally to one surface of the backing plate 2 is generally set to 0.1 to 0.5 mm.

(14) In the multilayered sintered plate using the backing plate 2 which is comprised of a steel plate and a nickel coating formed on the surface of the steel plate, since sintering progresses in a state in which nickel of the atomized alloy powder is mutually diffused on the nickel coating, the porous sintered alloy layer of the atomized alloy powder can be bonded more firmly to one surface of the backing plate 2.

(15) FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a scanning electron microscope image (SEM image) of a cross section of a multilayered sintered plate in which a porous sintered alloy layer of an atomized alloy powder composed of 47% by mass of nickel, 3% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5% by mass of tin, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities is integrally joined to the surface of a nickel coating, i.e., one surface of the backing plate 2 consisting of a cold-rolled steel plate and a nickel coating formed on the surface of this cold-rolled steel plate. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged SEM image of FIG. 2. In the drawings, reference numeral 2 denotes the backing plate; 9, a nickel coating provided on the surface of the backing plate 2; 10, a porous sintered alloy layer which is integrally diffused on and joined to one surface of the backing plate 2 through the nickel coating 9; 11, a void formed in the porous sintered alloy layer 10; 12, a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel-tin alloy of the porous sintered alloy layer 10; and 13, a hard phase containing a nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy which is precipitated from a liquid phase generated in the matrix phase 12 and containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy.

(16) When measurement was made of the micro Vickers hardness (HMV) of the matrix phase 12 containing the iron-nickel-tin alloy and of the hard phase 13 containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy in the porous sintered alloy layer 10, the micro Vickers hardness of the matrix phase 12 showed 264 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that matrix phase 12, while the micro Vickers hardness of the hard phase 13 showed 796 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that hard phase 13.

(17) The porous sintered alloy layer 10 of the atomized alloy powder, which is thus joined integrally to one surface of the backing plate 2 and is composed of 30 to 50% by mass of nickel, 1 to 10% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5 to 10% by mass of tin, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities, has a structure which includes the matrix phase containing the iron-nickel-tin alloy and the hard phase containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy precipitated from a liquid phase generated in the matrix phase and containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy. The micro Vickers hardness (HMV) of the matrix phase has at least 220 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that matrix phase, while the micro Vickers hardness of the hard phase has at least 700 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that hard phase. Therefore, in sliding friction with a mating member, the hard phase containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy is capable of bearing a heavier load than the matrix phase containing the iron-nickel-tin alloy, which is softer than the hard phase, so that the wear resistance of the porous sintered alloy layer 10 is enhanced.

(18) Next, a description will be given of a multilayered sliding member having a coating layer of a synthetic resin composition filled in the voids of, and coated on the surface of, the porous sintered alloy layer of the multilayered sintered plate.

(19) As one example of the synthetic resin composition, a petroleum-based solvent in an amount of not less than 15 and not more than 30 parts by mass is compounded with 100 parts by mass of a mixture containing PTFE, a barium sulfate, a phosphate, and a filler consisting of organic material, the mixture being obtained by agitating and mixing by a Henschel mixer 5 to 40% by mass of a barium sulfate, 1 to 30% by mass of a phosphate, 1 to 10% by mass of a filler consisting of one or more kinds of organic materials selected from a polyimide resin, a phenol resin-calcined product, and a polyphenylene sulfone resin, and the balance PTFE. The compounded admixture is mixed at a temperature of not more than the room-temperature transition point (19° C.) of PTFE, preferably at a temperature of 10 to 18° C., to thereby fabricate a synthetic resin composition with wettability imparted thereto. This synthetic resin composition with wettability imparted thereto is supplied to and spread over the porous sintered alloy layer of the above-described multilayered sintered plate and is rolled by a roller to allow the synthetic resin composition to be filled in the voids of the porous sintered alloy layer and form on the surface of the porous sintered alloy layer a coating layer constituted of the synthetic resin composition with a uniform thickness. Subsequently, the multilayered sintered plate having the coating layer of the synthetic resin composition filled in and coated on the porous sintered alloy layer is held for several minutes in a drying furnace heated to a temperature of 200 to 250° C. to remove the petroleum-based solvent, and is then subjected to pressure roller treatment under a pressure of 300 to 600 kgf/cm.sup.2 to form the dried synthetic resin composition into a predetermined thickness by a roller. This semi-processed product is introduced into the heating furnace and is sintered by being heated at a temperature of 360 to 380° C. for a period between several minutes and 10 and several minutes, and is then removed out of the furnace and is subjected to roller treatment again to adjust the variation of the size. A multilayered sliding member is thereby obtained which is provided with the coating layer filled in the voids of, and coated on the surface of, the porous sintered alloy layer of the multilayered sintered plate. The thickness of the coating layer formed of the synthetic resin composition in the multilayered sliding member is set to 0.02 to 0.15 mm.

(20) Even when the coating layer (sliding surface) constituted of the synthetic resin composition has become worn owing to sliding friction with the mating member, and the porous sintered alloy layer is partially exposed on that coating layer to cause sliding friction with the mating member to shift to the sliding surface where both thereof are mixedly present, since the exposed porous sintered alloy layer of the atomized alloy powder excels in wear resistance, the multilayered sliding member thus fabricated is able to exhibit excellent sliding characteristics as the multilayered sliding member, coupled with the low friction property of the coating layer.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

(21) A strip was prepared which was obtained by cutting a cold rolled steel plate (SPCC) with a thickness of 0.70 mm into a size of a 170 mm width and a 600 mm length. Nickel coating with a thickness of 20 μm was provided on the entire surfaces of this strip including one surface by nickel electroplating, and this strip was used as the backing plate.

(22) Simple substance iron, simple substance nickel, a nickel-4 mass % phosphorus alloy, and simple substance tin were prepared as raw material metals. From these raw material metals, measurement was made of 25% by mass of a nickel-4 mass % phosphorus alloy, 23.5% by mass of simple substance nickel, 49% by mass of simple substance iron, and 2.5% by mass of simple substance tin. A molten metal obtained by dissolving these raw material metals was collided against a fluid (inert gas) jetted at high speed so as to be finely pulverized and was cooled, to thereby produce an atomized alloy powder which was composed of 47.5% by mass of nickel, 1% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5% by mass of tin, and 49% by mass of the balance iron and inevitable impurities. The particle size of this atomized alloy powder was 45 to 150 μm.

(23) The atomized alloy powder was spread onto the surface of the nickel coating on one surface of the above-described backing plate degreased and cleaned with acetone in advance, and an unsintered atomized alloy powder layer with a uniform thickness was thereby fabricated. Subsequently, the thus-treated backing plate was carried into a sintering furnace adjusted to a reducing atmosphere of a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas (25 vol. % H.sub.2 and 75 vol. % N.sub.2), and was sintered for 10 minutes at a temperature of 890° C., thereby obtaining a multilayered sintered plate having a porous sintered alloy layer which was joined integrally to one surface of the backing plate through a nickel coating, had a thickness of 0.3 mm, and was composed of 47.5% by mass of nickel, 1% by mass of phosphorus, 2.5% by mass of tin, and 49% by mass of the balance consisting of iron and inevitable impurities. The porous sintered alloy layer of the multilayered sintered plate exhibited a structure which included a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel-tin alloy and a hard phase containing a nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy which was precipitated from a liquid phase containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy and generated in the matrix phase. The micro Vickers hardness (MVH) of that matrix phase showed 220 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that matrix phase, while the micro Vickers hardness (MVH) of the hard phase showed 878 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that hard phase.

Example 2 to Example 9

(24) Backing plates were prepared which each consisted of a cold-rolled steel plate similar to that of the above-described Example 1 and a 20 μm-thick nickel coating provided on the entire surfaces including one surface of this cold-rolled steel plate.

(25) Simple substance iron, simple substance nickel, an iron-19 mass % phosphorus alloy, an iron-25 mass % phosphorus alloy, a nickel-4 to 12 mass % phosphorus alloy, and simple substance tin were prepared as raw material metals. Atomized alloy powders of component compositions shown in Table 1 to Table 3 were prepared by appropriately selecting from among these raw material metals, and multilayered sintered plates were obtained which each had a porous sintered alloy layer joined integrally to one surface of the backing plate through a nickel coating and had a thickness of 0.3 mm in the same way of Example 1. The porous sintered alloy layer of the multilayered sintered plate exhibited a structure which included a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel-tin alloy and a hard phase containing a nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy which was precipitated from a liquid phase generated in the matrix phase and containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy. The micro Vickers hardness (MVH) of the matrix phase and the hard phase is shown in Table 1 to Table 3.

Comparative Example 1 (Corresponding to Example 2 of Patent Document 6)

(26) A backing plate similar to that of the above-described Example 1 was prepared.

(27) A mixed powder, which was produced by mixing for 30 minutes by a V-type mixer 50% by mass of an atomized iron powder of a particle size passing through a 200-mesh (74 μm) sieve and 50% by mass of an atomized nickel-11 mass % phosphorus alloy powder (44.5 mass % nickel and 5.5 mass phosphorus) of a particle size passing through a 350-mesh (44 μm) sieve, was spread into a uniform thickness onto one surface of a nickel coating degreased and cleaned with acetone in advance. This semi-finished product was sintered for 10 minutes at a temperature of 890° C. in the heating furnace adjusted to a reducing atmosphere of a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas (25 vol. % H.sub.2 and 75 vol. % N.sub.2), thereby fabricating a multilayered sintered plate in which a 0.3 min-thick porous sintered alloy layer constituted of a sintered alloy of the mixed powder composed of 50% by mass of the iron powder and 50% by mass of the nickel-11 mass % phosphorus alloy powder was integrally joined to one surface of the nickel coating. The porous sintered alloy layer of the multilayered sintered plate exhibited a structure which included a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel alloy and a hard phase containing a nickel-phosphorus alloy which was precipitated from a liquid phase generated at grain boundaries of that matrix phase and containing the nickel-phosphorus alloy. The micro Vickers hardness (MVH) of that matrix phase showed 260 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that matrix phase, while the micro Vickers hardness (MVH) of the hard phase showed 620 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that hard phase.

Comparative Example 2

(28) Simple substance iron, simple substance nickel, and a nickel-8 mass % phosphorus alloy were prepared as raw material metals. From these raw material metals, measurement was made of 48% by mass of simple substance iron, 15% by mass of simple substance nickel, and 37% by mass of a nickel-8 mass % phosphorus alloy. A molten metal obtained by dissolving these raw material metals was collided against a fluid (inert gas) jetted at high speed so as to be finely pulverized and was cooled, to thereby produce an atomized alloy powder which was composed of 49% by mass of nickel, 3% by mass of phosphorus, and 48% by mass of the balance iron and inevitable impurities. The particle size of this atomized alloy powder was 45 to 106 μm.

(29) The atomized alloy powder was spread onto the surface of the nickel coating on one surface of the above-described backing plate to produce an unsintered atomized alloy powder layer with a uniform thickness. Subsequently, the thus-treated backing plate was carried into the sintering furnace adjusted to a reducing atmosphere of a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas (25 vol. % H.sub.2 and 75 vol. % N.sub.2), and was sintered for 10 minutes at a temperature of 890° C. After being allowed to cool, the sintered backing plate was taken out from the sintering furnace, and it was confirmed that the porous sintered alloy layer was not integrally joined to one surface of the backing plate via a nickel coating.

Comparative Example 3

(30) A backing plate and an atomized alloy powder similar to that of Comparative Example 2 were prepared, the atomized alloy powder being composed of 49% by mass of nickel, 3% by mass of phosphorus, and 48% by mass of the balance iron and inevitable impurities. The atomized alloy powder was spread onto the surface of the nickel coating on one surface of the backing plate to produce an unsintered atomized alloy powder layer with a uniform thickness. Subsequently, the thus-treated backing plate was carried into the sintering furnace adjusted to a reducing atmosphere of a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas (25 vol. % H.sub.2 and 75 vol. % N.sub.2), and was sintered for 10 minutes at temperatures of 900° C., 910° C., 920° C., and 930° C., respectively. After being allowed to cool, the sintered backing plate was taken out from the sintering furnace, and it was confirmed that only when sintering was effected at the sintering temperature of 930° C., the porous sintered alloy layer was integrally joined to one surface of the backing plate via a nickel coating. The porous sintered alloy layer of the multilayered sintered plate exhibited a structure which included a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel alloy and a hard phase containing a nickel-phosphorus-iron alloy which was precipitated from a liquid phase generated in that matrix phase and containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron alloy. The micro Vickers hardness (MVH) of that matrix phase showed 267 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that matrix phase, while the micro Vickers hardness (MVH) of the hard phase showed 660 in terms of a mean value of measured values at 7 points of that hard phase.

(31) Next, with respect to the multilayered sintered plates of Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3, friction and wear characteristics were evaluated under the test conditions shown below. The results of evaluation are shown in Tables 1 to 4.

(32) Test Conditions on Friction-Wear Characteristics of Multilayered Sintered Plate:

(33) Velocity: 1.3 m/min Load (surface pressure): 300 kgf/cm.sup.2 Test period: 20 hrs. Mating member: carbon steel for machine structural use (S45C) Lubrication: in-oil (“Daphne Super Multi Oil #32 (tradename)” manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
Test Method of Friction-Wear Characteristics of Multilayered Sintered Plate:

(34) As shown in FIG. 4, a square bearing test piece 17 having a side length of 30 mm and fabricated from each of the multilayered sintered plates of Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3 was fixed to a test stand. While a predetermined load was being applied from a cylindrical body 18 serving as a mating member to one surface 19 of the bearing test piece 17 in a direction X perpendicular to the one surface 19, the cylindrical body 18 was rotated in a direction Y about an axis 20 of the cylindrical body 18, and measurement was made of the coefficient of friction between the bearing test piece 17 and the cylindrical body 18 and the amount of wear of the surface 19 after testing for 20 hours.

(35) The test results are shown in Tables 1 to 4.

(36) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Examples 1 2 3 Component composition (mass %) of atomized alloy powder: Nickel 47.5 47 45.5 Phosphorus 1 3 7 Tin 2.5 2.5 2.5 Iron and inevitable impurities balance (49) balance (47.5) balance (45) Hardness (MVH) of matrix phase 220 264 295 Hardness (MVH) of hard phase 878 796 863 Friction and wear characteristics of multilayered sintered plate (surface pressure: 300 kgf/cm.sup.2): Coefficient of friction 0.12 0.09 0.10 Amount of wear: after 20 hours of test time (μm) 3 1 2

(37) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Examples 4 5 6 Component composition (mass %) of atomized alloy powder: Nickel 50 46 45 Phosphorus 10 3 3 Tin 2.5 5 7 Iron and inevitable impurities balance (37) balance (46) balance (45) Hardness (MVH) of matrix phase 305 285 290 Hardness (MVH) of hard phase 880 785 780 Friction and wear characteristics of multilayered sintered plate (surface pressure: 300 kgf/cm.sup.2): Coefficient of friction 0.11 0.09 0.09 Amount of wear: after 20 hours of test time (μm) 4 2 1

(38) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Examples 7 8 9 Component composition (mass %) of atomized alloy powder: Nickel 44 43 40 Phosphorus 5 7 10 Tin 7 7 10 Iron and inevitable impurities balance (44) balance (43) balance (40) Hardness (MVH) of matrix phase 320 334 350 Hardness (MVH) of hard phase 800 765 700 Friction and wear characteristics of multilayered sintered plate (surface pressure: 300 kgf/cm.sup.2): Coefficient of friction 0.10 0.11 0.13 Amount of wear: after 20 hours of test time (μm) 3 2 4

(39) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Comparative Examples 1 2 3 Component composition (mass %) of alloy powder: Nickel 44.5 Phosphorus 5.5 Iron and inevitable impurities balance (50) Component composition (mass %) of atomized alloy powder: Nickel 49  49 Phosphorus 3 3 Tin — — Iron and inevitable impurities balance (48) balance (48) Hardness (MVH) of matrix phase 260 — 267 Hardness (MVH) of hard phase 620 — 660 Friction and wear characteristics of multilayered sintered plate (surface pressure: 300 kgf/cm.sup.2): Coefficient of friction 0.12 — 0.10 Amount of wear: after 20 hours of test time (μm) 14 — 21

(40) As for Comparative Example 2 in Table 4, since the porous sintered alloy layer was not integrally joined to one surface of the backing plate via a nickel coating, it was not possible to effect the evaluation of friction and wear characteristics.

(41) From the test results, it can be appreciated that, in the multilayered sintered plates of Examples 1 to 9, the friction and wear characteristics, particularly wear resistance, is substantially improved. As can be seen from comparison between Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, tin was diffusively precipitated in each of the matrix phase and the hard phase of the porous sintered alloy layer in Example 2, and it can be conjectured that this precipitation of tin improved the wear resistance of the matrix phase and the hard phase and substantially improved the wear resistance of the porous sintered alloy layer.

(42) In addition, since tin was contained in the atomized alloy powder for forming the porous sintered alloy layer, in the manufacture of multilayered sintered plates in Examples 1 to 9, the sintering temperature was in the range of 890 to 930° C. and it was thus possible to adopt a wide margin (50° C.) of the sinterable temperature, whereas, in the manufacture of multilayered sintered plates using the atomized alloy powders in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the sintering temperature was 930° C. alone and it was not possible to adopt a margin of the sinterable temperature. This is attributable to the fact that since tin is contained in the atomized alloy powder, it is possible to lower the sintering temperature, so that it is possible to avoid causing early-stage damage, due to heat (sintering temperature), to a furnace core tube, a heater, a mesh belt, and the like installed in the heating (sintering) furnace, and reduce the maintenance frequency of the heating furnace. As a result, it is possible to produce a secondary effect that the maintenance cost can be substantially reduced.

(43) As described above, the multilayered sintered plate in accordance with the invention has a porous sintered alloy layer which exhibits a structure including a matrix phase containing an iron-nickel-tin alloy and a hard phase containing a nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy precipitated from a liquid phase generated in the matrix phase and containing the nickel-phosphorus-iron-tin alloy. As for the porous sintered alloy layer, its wear resistance is substantially improved by the precipitation of tin diffused in the matrix phase and the hard phase, and the porous sintered alloy layer does not undergo a failure such as sulfidation corrosion even in an in-lubricating oil or lubricating oil supplied condition in which the lubricating oil contains an extreme pressure additive such as sulfur, so that exfoliation ascribable to sulfidation corrosion or the like does not occur in the coating layer of the synthetic resin composition filled in and coated on the porous sintered alloy layer. Furthermore, in the manufacturing method, by using an atomized alloy powder containing tin, sintering can be effected at a low sintering temperature without causing segregation of the metal powder on one surface of the backing plate. Therefore, it is possible to avoid causing early-stage damage, due to the heat (sintering temperature), to a furnace core tube, a heater, a mesh belt, and the like installed in the heating (sintering) furnace, and reduce the maintenance frequency of the heating furnace. As a result, it is possible to substantially reduce the maintenance cost.

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

(44) 1: manufacturing apparatus 2: backing plate 4: atomized alloy powder 5: hopper 7: unsintered atomized alloy powder layer 8: heating (sintering) furnace 9: nickel coating 10: porous sintered alloy layer 11: void 12: matrix phase 13: hard phase