High-voltage components

Abstract

The present invention relates to high-voltage components, especially for electromobility, comprising polymer compositions based on at least one polyamide and at least one pigment system based on mixed oxides containing titanium dioxide, tin oxide and zinc oxide, and to the use of such a pigment system for production of polyamide-based high-voltage components or for marking of polyamide-based products as high-voltage components by laser.

Claims

1. A polymer composition comprising A) 100 parts by mass of at least one polyamide, B) 0.01 to 5 parts by mass of at least one pigment system based on an inorganic mixed oxide containing titanium dioxide, tin oxide and zinc oxide, with the proviso of a ΔE<30 with respect to the L*a*b* coordinates of a colour number beginning with “2” in the RAL colour chart.

2. The polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein component A) is nylon-6, nylon-6,6, nylon-4,6 and/or a semiaromatic copolyamide.

3. The polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the ΔE is <20 with respect to the L*a*b* coordinates of a colour number beginning with “2” in the RAL colour chart.

4. The polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the ΔE is <12 with respect to the L*a*b* coordinates of a colour number beginning with “2” in the RAL colour chart.

5. The polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the ΔE is <5 with respect to the L*a*b* coordinates of a colour number beginning with “2” in the RAL colour chart.

6. The polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein component B) is C.I. Pigment Orange 82 with CAS No. 2170864-77-2 or C.I. Pigment Yellow 216 with CAS No. 817181-98-9.

7. The polymer composition according to claim 1, further comprising C) 1 to 150 parts by mass of at least one filler or reinforcer.

8. The polymer composition according to claim 7, wherein the filler or reinforcer is selected from the group consisting of glass beads, solid or hollow glass beads, glass fibres, ground glass, amorphous quartz glass, aluminium borosilicate glass having an alkali content of 1%, amorphous silica, quartz flour, calcium silicate, calcium metasilicate, magnesium carbonate, kaolin, calcined kaolin, chalk, kyanite, powdered or ground quartz, mica, phlogopite, barium sulfate, feldspar, wollastonite, montmorillonite, pseudoboehmite of the formula AlO(OH), magnesium carbonate and talc.

9. The polymer composition according to claim 7, wherein the filler is glass fibres.

10. The polymer composition according to claim 7, further comprising D) 3 to 100 parts by mass of at least one flame retardant in addition to components A), B) and C) or in place of C).

11. The polymer composition according to claim 10, wherein the flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of mineral flame retardants, nitrogen-containing flame retardants and phosphorus-containing flame retardants.

12. The polymer composition according to claim 7, further comprising E) 0.01 to 80 parts by mass of at least one further additive other than components B), C) and D) in addition to components A), B), C) and D) or in place of C) and/or D).

13. The polymer composition according to claim 12, wherein additive E) is at least one thermal stabilizer.

14. The polymer composition according to claim 13, wherein the additive E) is a thermo stabilizer selected from the group consisting of sterically hindered phenols, phosphites, hypophosphites, hydroquinones, aromatic secondary amines and 3,3′-thiodipropionates.

15. The polymer composition according to claim 14, wherein the additive E) is a thermo stabilizer selected from the group consisting of a hindered phenol with at least a 2,6-di-tert-butylphenyl group and/or 2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl group and sodium hypophosphite NaH.sub.2PO.sub.2.

16. The polymer composition according to claim 12, wherein the additive E) is titanium dioxide.

17. A high-voltage component based on a polymer composition according to claim 1.

18. The high-voltage component according to claim 17, wherein the component is a cover for electrics or electronics, a control device, a cover/housing for fuses, a relay, a battery cell module, a fuse holder, a fuse plug, a terminal, a cable holder or a sheathing.

19. A process for producing high-voltage components, comprising the steps of mixing A) 100 parts by mass of at least one polyamide, and B) 0.01 to 5 parts by mass of at least one pigment system based on inorganic mixed oxides containing titanium dioxide, tin oxide and zinc oxide to form a polymer composition, extruding the polymer composition to strands, cooling until the strands are pelletizable, drying the strands, pelletizing the strands, and injection moulding, including the special methods of gas injection methodology, water injection methodology and projectile injection methodology, by extrusion methods, including profile extrusion, or by blow moulding, with the proviso of a ΔE<30 with respect to the L*a*b* coordinates of a colour number beginning with “2” in the RAL colour chart.

20. The process according to claim 19, wherein component A) is nylon-6, nylon-6,6, nylon-4,6 and/or a semiaromatic copolyamide.

21. The process according to claim 19, wherein the high-voltage component is subsequently inscribed with a laser.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0389] To demonstrate the improvements in properties described in accordance with the invention, corresponding polyamide-based polymer compositions were first made up by compounding. For this purpose, the individual components were mixed in a twin-screw extruder (ZSK 25 Compounder from Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer (Stuttgart, Germany)) at temperatures between 270 and 300° C., discharged as a strand, cooled until pelletizable and pelletized. After drying (generally for two days at 80° C. in a vacuum drying cabinet), the pellets were processed at temperatures in the range from 270 to 290° C. to give standard test specimens for the respective tests.

[0390] In the context of the present experiments, bleeding was measured via the discoloration of a 30.Math.20.Math.2 mm.sup.3 plasticized PVC film (P-PVC, FB110 white, standard low temperature strength, from Jedi Kunststofftechnik GmbH, Eitorf, Germany), which was stored in a hot air drying cabinet at 80° C. for 12 hours clamped between two 60.Math.40.Math.2 mm.sup.3 plastic sheets based on the polymer compositions shown in Table 2. This was followed by visual evaluation according to the grey scale of ISO 105-A02, with ‘5’ meaning that the PVC film showed no colour change and ‘1’ meaning that the PVC film showed a significant colour change.

[0391] In the context of the present invention, a measure of lightfastness was considered to be the discoloration of the moulding compounds described in Table 2 in the form of 60.Math.40.Math.2 mm.sup.3 sheets after storage under UV with UV light from Suntest CPS+, 300-800 nm, 45-130 klx, with window glass filter 250-765 W/m.sup.2 from Atlas Material Testing Technology GmbH, Linsengericht, Germany, for 96 h. Discoloration was evaluated visually based on the blue wool scale according to DIN EN ISO 105-B02, with ‘8’ representing exceptional lightfastness (little colour change) and ‘1’ representing very low lightfastness (significant colour change).

[0392] A measure of the quality of laser inscribability at 1064 nm was considered in the context of the present invention to be the contrast of a surface treated with a laser beam compared to a surface not treated with the laser beam. For this purpose, the DPL-Genesis-Marker(8W) laser inscription device from ACI Laser GmbH, Chemnitz, Germany was used, which was equipped with the MagicMarkV3 inscription software and the F-Theta 163 focussing lens. An Nd:YAG laser crystal that delivered laser light of wavelength 1064 nm functioned as laser therein. For comparison of the contrast after inscription, a writing speed of 50 mm/s, a pulse frequency of 1000 Hz and a line spacing of 100 μm were chosen, with a pulsewidth of 3 μs and a laser power of the device of 90%.

[0393] Contrast was classified as follows, using the grey scale according to ISO 105-A03: [0394] Classification (−): The laser-irradiated surface did not differ from the non-laser-irradiated surface, comparable to a grey scale according to ISO 105-A03 of class 4, 4/5 or 5. The laser-irradiated surface was thus indistinguishable or barely distinguishable from the non-laser-irradiated surface. [0395] Classification (+): The laser-irradiated surface differed from the non-laser-irradiated surface, comparable to a grey scale according to ISO 105-A03 of classes 1 to ¾. The laser-irradiated surface was thus readily distinguishable from the non-laser-irradiated surface.

Reactants:

[0396] Component A) nylon-6 (Durethan® B26, from Lanxess Deutschland GmbH, Cologne, Germany) [0397] Component B1): Pigment Orange 82 in the form of Sicopal® Orange K2430 from BASF SE, Ludwigshafen [0398] Component B2): Pigment Yellow 216 in the form of Orange 10P340 from Shepherd, Gent, Belgium [0399] Component X/1): 12H-Phthaloperin-12-one [CAS No. 6925-69-5] in the form of Macrolex® Orange 3G from Lanxess Deutschland GmbH, Cologne

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE II Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Comp. 1 Component A) Pts. by wt. 100 100 100 Component B1) Pts. by wt. 0.5 Component B2) Pts. by wt. 0.5 Component X/1 Pts. by wt. 0.5 Grey scale 5 5 4 Lightfastness Blue wool scale 8 8 6 Laser contrast 1064 nm Classification —

[0400] The results in Tab. II show that only inventive ex. 1, coupled with simultaneously high lightfastness and very low tendency to bleeding, also showed sufficiently good contrast after laser inscription at 1064 nm, whereas the colorants according to the prior art did not simultaneously have both good contrast and good lightfastness and a low tendency to bleeding. The plastic sheets examined in inventive examples 1 and 2 had an RAL colour value of 2003 with a ΔE of <12.