Hydroponic turfgrass athletic field and landscape apparatus

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydroponic field irrigation system comprising a field module for growing turfgrass. The field module comprises an energy absorbing mechanism comprising a horizontal spring layer and a growth medium comprising a steel grid layer, wherein the horizontal spring layer absorbs vertical forces exerted by external loads, and the steel grid layer is positioned on top of the horizontal spring layer for holding a plurality of turf sods. The hydroponic field irrigation system further comprises a used water tank for receiving water from the field module, an ultra-violet (UV) unit for disinfecting the water received from the used water tank, a water quality management unit for adjusting quality of the water received from the ultra-violet (UV) unit, a geothermal unit for conditioning temperature of water received from the water quality management unit and plurality of solenoid valves for pumping water into and out of the field module.

Claims

1. A field module for growing turfgrass, the field module comprising: a container; a horizontal spring layer positioned within the container made of a perforated and corrugated sheet, a third layer comprising a slidable sheet for enabling the horizontal spring layer to slide without corroding a bottom of the container, and a fourth layer or growth medium comprising a steel grid layer positioned on top of the horizontal spring layer, for accommodating a plurality of turf sods and a growth substrate for sustaining a nutrient solution for growth and survival of the plurality of turf sods; wherein the horizontal spring layer absorbs vertical forces exerted by external loads and moves horizontally from a left position to a right position and from the right position to the left position, thereby imitating natural resilience of soil; and wherein perforations of the horizontal spring layer assist in fluid dynamics by allowing flow of water, and allow for the plurality of turf sods to extend roots to the bottom of the container in search of the nutrient solution.

2. The field module of claim 1, wherein the field module further comprises a 25 cm deep container made of metal, fiberglass, galvanized steel or concrete.

3. The field module of claim 1, wherein the perforated and corrugated sheet is made of galvanized steel.

4. The field module of claim 3, wherein spaces between the perforated corrugated sheet are filled with rockwool which acts as the growth substrate for the turfgrass.

5. The field module of claim 3, wherein a thickness of the horizontal spring layer is 3 to 4 mm.

6. The field module of claim 1, wherein the slidable sheet layer is positioned below the horizontal spring layer for assisting the horizontal spring layer to move or slide horizontally.

7. The field module of claim 6, wherein the slidable sheet layer is made of galvanized steel.

8. The field module of claim 1, the external loads comprise sporting equipment.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The subject matter that is regarded as the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The foregoing and other aspects, features, and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

(2) FIG. 1 illustrates a field module in accordance with the present invention.

(3) FIG. 2 depicts a hydroponic irrigation system in accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(4) The aspects of the hydroponic field module according to the present invention will be described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-2. In the Detailed Description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

(5) The proposed solution aims at designing a field module, which is intended to grow turfgrass through a setup designed with an energy absorbing mechanism and a growth medium. Hydroponic technology is utilized to circulate used water thereby improving water use efficiency, in addition to eliminating ground water contamination. This present invention also aims at improving water management systems, with an objective to develop a soil-less athletic field module which mimics typical grass fields.

(6) More specifically, the present invention resolves the use of irrigating fields with high pressure sprinkler irrigation systems and applying granular or liquid chemicals as a source of nutrients, which have been the cause of high water losses due to wind drift or evaporation, particularly in hot regions. All of the above-mentioned methods consume large amounts of energy, and thus there is a need for a system that consumes less energy compared to typical high pressure irrigation systems. The previously used methods further contribute to environmental problems, as they are also the primary source of ground water contamination, since drained water loaded with fertilizers infiltrates through soil layers. The field module of the present invention provides a solution to protect ground water from fertilisers and chemical contamination, by containing the whole system in a metallic or concrete bin, termed as a field module, and keeping the nutrient solution away from soil.

(7) In accordance with the present invention, the proposed field module design (as illustrated in FIG. 1) has a flexibility to be used both indoors and outdoors. Hydroponic technology, which is a subset of hydro-culture, is the chosen method for growing plants in this invention, using mineral nutrient solution in water, without the need of soil. There are many variations of this specific technology, and as specified, the concept uses a soil-less cultivation method to grow turfgrass in a specialty designed setup. The advantages offered by hydroponic technology enable the field module to be extremely versatile, having many uses and applications.

(8) In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the field module 202 comprises a plurality of layers, each encompassing a different but relevant function. A first layer comprises a 25 cm deep container 102 which may have a thickness of 23-25 cm. This container is made of metal, fibreglass, galvanized steel, or constructed using prefabricated concrete in a full-scale level. This container 102 further accommodates a second layer, which is the horizontal spring layer. The horizontal spring layer is made of a 3-4 mm thick perforated corrugated galvanized steel sheet 104. These perforated steel sheets 104 have a horizontal spring-like mechanism, which aids to absorb vertical forces exerted by external loads, like players, pedestrians or sporting equipment which include, but are not limited to, balls, bats, sticks, etc. These perforated steel sheets 104 further possess a feature of being capable of extending slightly sidewise or moving horizontally from a left position to a right position and vice versa, thus guaranteeing safety of players and imitating natural resilience of soil. Furthermore, the perforations within the perforated steel sheets 104 assist in fluid dynamics as they allow the flow of water from a downward direction to an upward direction, in addition to allowing plants to extend their roots to the depth of the container 102, in search for more water and nutrients.

(9) In accordance with another embodiment the present invention, the field module further comprises a third layer which is a slidable sheet 106 made of galvanized steel. The slidable sheet 106 enables the horizontal spring layer to slide above it without corroding the bottom of the container 102. The advantage of this layer is that it can be easily replaced once it is exhausted, whilst protecting the container 102. In addition the field module also comprises a fourth layer which is a grid layer 108, made of galvanized steel grid sheet. The purpose of this grid layer 108 is to carry or hold turf sods and to rest on the horizontal spring layer.

(10) The space above and below the horizontal spring layer is filled with rockwool 112 which acts as a growth substrate. Turf sods 110 are laid on the top of the grid layer 108, which is then covered with a thin nylon net. Turf sods 110 are specially grown using a jute pouch stuffed with rockwool 112 to grow turf grass in a strong media where it can serve in the turf module, yet has a high water holding capacity to accommodate enough water to the roots. All metallic parts of the system are preferably made of galvanized steel to guarantee durability and cost effectiveness.

(11) In accordance with the present invention, the design of the field module comprises an upper grid 108 wherein the turf sods 110 are laid on the top of the whole field module in a 25 cm deep container 102 equipped with a horizontal spring-like mechanism made of perforated steel sheets 104. The field module comprises of multiple layers, including layers of rockwool 112, which act as a growth media to quilt the spring mechanism to accommodate the grass roots and to sustain the nutrient solution for its survival. As a smart solution to artificial grass fields, this present system has the ability to eliminate the use of potentially harmful pesticides and fertilizers, whilst also conserving water resources. Nonetheless, it is also important for turfgrass facilities to deliver as effective sporting fields to assure performance parameters such as efficient movement of sports equipment i.e. bouncing of balls, as well as the safety of players.

(12) The present invention aims to achieve these performance parameters as the resilience of the field module surface, resulted by the combination of the spring layer, the water soaked rockwool 112 and turf sods 110, reproduces that of soil based field facilities. As a result of the above, this system results in a athletic/sports field with an acceptable resilience to prevent player injuries whilst maintaining an environmentally sustainable system, imitating the resilience of natural grass fields.

(13) In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, and as denoted in FIG. 2, there is presented a system layout for receiving nutrient solution from a hydroponic unit, and to circulate and adjust the circulated water quality. Accordingly, a generic water quality management unit 206, a geothermal unit 204, and an ultra-violet (UV) unit 208 are main components of the presented system layout which facilitates efficient water recycling within the field module 202. Fresh water enriched with nutrients is pumped through a first solenoid valve 216, to fill the field module 202. Once the field module 202 is full, first solenoid valve 216 and second solenoid valve 212 remain closed for some time in order to allow the rockwool to absorb the fresh water enriched with nutrients. Then, the second solenoid valve 212 opens and the pump or pressure switch 214 starts to return the used water to the used water tank 210. During the next cycle, the used water is adjusted by the water quality management unit 206 to sustain its pH (Acidity) and Electric Conductivity levels by adding fresh water and/or more nutrients to be pumped again into the field module 202. Hence, the role of the generic water quality management unit 206 is to adjust the water quality and to further enrich the water with nutrients.

(14) Additionally, the field module 202 is connected with a geothermal unit 204, which comprises a heat exchanger (not shown) located 2.5 to 3 meter deep in the soil in order to warm or cool the water before pumping it to the field module 202 where the difference between ambient air and deep soil temperature may reach up to ±10° C., in accordance to day/night or winter/summer cycle. Thus, as a result of this, the turf will be able to tolerate extreme temperatures. Moreover, altering water temperature will allow turf managers to control growth rate of the grass, consequently reducing turf cutting costs. The field module 202 further comprises a ultra-violet (UV) unit 208 that enables circulated water to be disinfected in the process. The objective of this UV unit 208 is to kill majority of the germs accumulated in the system from the outdoor environment.

(15) In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a control system (not shown) is utilized to monitor the chemical and physical properties of water, in addition to its levels or consumption. The controller is programmed to actuate the solenoid valves 212 and 216, to activate flood/drain cycles according to a root zone moisture availability and the surrounding environment. The control system employs an Arduino microcontroller and a group of compatible sensors.

(16) The present invention provides the parameters necessary for maintaining turfgrass for multiple purposes in dry and hot regions such as UAE and all GCC countries, as the ambient temperature in such areas is too high and as a result, the rate of evaporation increases whilst irrigating. Furthermore, due to the versatility of this system it is applicable as an outdoor turfgrass installation system due to the incorporated geothermal unit 204 that will enable the system to function in extreme hot or cold environments, as the temperature of the circulated water can be adjusted to help grass to survive the harsh conditions. Likewise, controlling the water temperature with the geothermal unit 204 in cold environments will also preserve grass quality. Furthermore, the proposed field module 202 aids in controlling grass height in all environments by water quality and nutrient solution composition, consequently reducing the use of labour intensive mowers in the fields.

(17) Additionally, due to the nature of this system, the field module can also be applied to smart cities such as Masdar city in Abu Dhabi, a city reliant on solar energy and other renewable energy sources, as well as ultramodern floating cities, where there is no soil availability and fresh water resources are limited. Operating towards the principles of sustainable development, such systems also permits green cities to meet their ‘green’ goals. As a system capable of being used in both indoor and outdoor facilities, it provides many advantages due to its adaptability. For example, the system can be installed temporarily for short term events and transported easily to/from different locations. As well as its convenience in mobility, the hydroponic field module can be applied to situations where natural plant cover is usually difficult to attain. For example, on the deck of cruises or on the top of towers, providing travellers or residents natural plant cover instead of synthetic cover.

(18) In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the health hazards posed by indoor contaminants may be problematic and many different factors are contributing to indoor biotic pollution. Soil may act as a reservoir of fungi and are a source of biological infestation, for this reason, this hydroponic field module can be an alternative, soil-less system used in indoor facilities where biological infestation has been a prior problem. Similarly, this hydroponic system provides a natural grass solution for children, avoiding health risks imposed by the plastic artificial turf playgrounds.

(19) It is apparent that the present invention provides an excellent water saving technique to grow landscape spaces with minimum water, using a nutrient solution recycling system. During this efficient process, this soil-less turfgrass system eliminates soil and ground water pollution. As a sustainable system that works efficiently to save water resources, it also has the capacity to efficiently work under flooding rains, as excessive water is pumped, ensuring the field is still usable. Under flooding rains, the system still functioning where it can accommodate excessive water and as a result of this avoid event cancellations or turfgrass damage.

(20) In accordance with a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the different components within the field module have their own functionalities that assist in reducing the ecological impact of athletic fields and enhance sustainability by reducing water footprint (particularly in the sports industry), in addition to eliminating soil/ground water pollution.

(21) In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, manufacturing and installing the hydroponic turfgrass system is achieved cost efficiently, and thus presents few difficulties to fabricate and install in temporary arenas.

(22) Many changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the subject invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after considering this specification and the accompanying drawings, which disclose the preferred embodiments thereof. All such changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications, which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention, are deemed to be covered by the invention, which is to be limited only by the claims which follow.