Continuous Mode Conveyor Cooking Utilizing Hot Air Jet Impingement and Microwave Energy

Abstract

A continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy for cooking prepared foods. The approach envisions a central microwave unit with a hot air jet impingement oven unit on each side of the microwave section and a conveyor system to carry the food items completely through the appliance from one end to the other and with the two hot air jet impingement ovens equipped with a designed combination of hot air jet impingement jets and solid pins to act as a microwave attenuation system to reduce microwave exposure to cooking personnel to completely safe levels.

Claims

1. A continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy for cooking prepared foods, comprising: a. a housing comprising a central microwave section, a first end portion, and a second end portion on either side of the microwave section; b. a food insert entrance portion defined within the first end portion of said housing for inputting food, to be cooked, into said housing; c. a food extraction exit portion defined within a second opposite end portion of said housing for extracting food, that has been cooked, out from said housing; d. three endless conveyor belts disposed within said housing and cooperating with each other for propelling the food, to be cooked, from said food insert entrance portion of said housing, through said central microwave section, to said food extraction exit portion of said housing; e. wherein said first end portion and said second end portion comprise upward and downward directed impingement air jets for heating and upward and downward directed solid pins, the combination of which are configured to function as microwave energy attenuation systems to control microwave energy leakage from said first end portion and said second end portions.

2. The continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy for cooking prepared foods of claim 1 wherein each housing comprising a central microwave section, a first end portion, and a second end portion on either side of the microwave section is stacked vertically to minimize floor space needs during operation.

3. The continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy for cooking prepared foods of claim 1 wherein said central microwave section comprises four magnetrons with staggered waveguides to produce even heating.

4. The continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy for cooking prepared foods of claim 1 wherein said central microwave section comprises one magnetron with staggered waveguides.

5. A method for continuously cooking prepared foods using a conveyor system utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy comprising: a. providing a housing comprising a central microwave section, a first end portion, and a second end portion on either side of the microwave section; b. providing a food insert entrance portion defined within the first end portion of said housing for inputting food, to be cooked, into said housing; c. providing a food extraction exit portion defined within a second opposite end portion of said housing for extracting food, that has been cooked, out from said housing; d. providing three endless conveyor belts disposed within said housing and cooperating with each other for propelling the food, to be cooked, from said food insert entrance portion of said housing, through said central microwave section, to said food extraction exit portion of said housing; e. providing, in said first end portion and said second end portion, upward and downward directed impingement air jets for heating and upward and downward directed solid pins, the combination of which are configured to function as microwave energy attenuation systems to control microwave energy leakage from said first end portion and said second end portions.

6. The method for continuously cooking prepared foods using a conveyor system utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy of claim 4 further providing multiple stacked and connected housings comprising a central microwave section, a first end portion, and a second end portion on either side of the microwave section.

7. The method for continuously cooking prepared foods using a conveyor system utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy of claim 4 further providing four magnetrons with staggered waveguides within the central microwave section.

8. The method for continuously cooking prepared foods using a conveyor system utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy of claim 5 providing one magnetron with staggered waveguides in the central microwave section.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an oven assembly of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance utilizing both hot air impingement and microwave energy enclosing an open-ended conveyor system.

[0019] FIG. 2 is an isometric front view of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance of FIG. 1 with the outside shell and insulation removed to illustrate the microwave interior.

[0020] FIG. 3 is an isometric opposite view of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance of FIG. 1 with the outside shell and insulation removed to illustrate the interior.

[0021] FIG. 4 illustrates a 2-high complete stacked oven assembly of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance utilizing both hot air impingement and microwave energy in an open-ended conveyor system. The human figure represents a 5 ft., 8-inch male for scale reference.

[0022] FIG. 5A represents an isometric view of the oven chamber 26 of FIG. 2 with the walls removed and the conveyor belt not shown to expose the interior of the jet impingement cooking chamber and shows the upward and downward directed impingement air jets (larger tubes) along with the solid smaller solid pins used to ensure microwave attenuation.

[0023] FIG. 5B represents an isometric back view of the oven chamber 26 of FIG. 2 with the walls removed and the conveyor belt not shown to expose the interior of the jet impingement cooking chamber and shows the upward and downward directed impingement air jets (larger tubes) along with the solid smaller solid pins used to ensure microwave attenuation.

[0024] FIG. 6A illustrates an angled up upper view of the microwave section of proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance view of the center microwave section internal assembly showing 4 microwave wave guide boxes, and belt conveyer system.

[0025] FIG. 6B illustrates a lower view back view of the internal microwave layout and structure showing four magnetron cooling blowers as well as the microwave section conveyor drive motor.

[0026] FIG. 7 illustrates an alternate embodiment of the application of this technology in which three of the oven assemblies of FIG. 1 are stacked to create a higher throughput.

[0027] FIG. 8 illustrates an added infeed tunnel to the entry end of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance that provides further limitation of the potential microwave spikes escaping from the cooking conveyor appliance.

[0028] FIG. 9 illustrates an added outfeed tunnel to the output end of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance that provides further limitation of the potential microwave spikes escaping from the cooking conveyor appliance.

BRIEF SUMMARY

[0029] A continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy for cooking prepared foods, including at least: a housing comprising a central microwave section, a first end portion, and a second end portion on either side of the microwave section; a food insert entrance portion defined within the first end portion of said housing for inputting food, to be cooked, into said housing; a food extraction exit portion defined within a second opposite end portion of said housing for extracting food, that has been cooked, out from said housing; an upper endless conveyor belt and a lower endless conveyor belt disposed within said housing and cooperating with each other for propelling the food, to be cooked, from said food insert entrance portion of said housing to said food extraction exit portion of said housing; wherein said first end portion and said second end portion comprise hot air impingement jets for heating and solid pins, the combination of which are configured to function as a microwave energy attenuation system to control microwave energy leakage from said first end portion and said second end portions.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The solution described herein and now tested is a reliable, continuous mode conveyor cooking system that prepares military UGR-A rations that would eliminate the need for an entire kitchen ensemble. The combination of high heat transfer of hot air impingement and microwave energy has the potential to produce high volume rapid throughput results with the best quality. This method of cooking currently exists in commercial restaurants in a batch mode as a way to rapidly prepare high quality meals to order. This cooking technology has the potential to be used in a continuous mode process that combines both microwave and hot air impingement technologies into one unit to address the higher production capacity needs for military field feeding operations.

[0031] Referring to FIG. 1 is an isometric front view of a complete assembly (10) of the continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy for cooking prepared foods is shown. The cooking appliance comprises two hot air jet impingement ovens (12,16) on each side of a central microwave oven (14). The central microwave oven can be made up of individual microwave modules, such as the four modules (14) illustrated or can be one integrated microwave oven. A conveying system (18) that extends completely through the cooking appliance disposed within the appliance housing cooperate with each other to propel the food to be cooked, from a food insert entrance portion of the appliance housing to the food extraction exit portion of the housing. The total conveying system comprises two separate endless conveyor belts for the two hot air jet impingement ovens and a third internal endless conveyor belt for the microwave section. The two end sections conveyor belts may be constructed of stainless-steel wire and the microwave section conveyor belts may be constructed with Teflon coated fiberglass.

[0032] Referring now to FIG. 2 is an isometric front view (20) of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance of FIG. 1 with the outside shell and insulation removed to illustrate the interior. Modules (22,26) represent the hot air jet impingement ovens that are attached to either side of a central microwave oven system (24) which in this embodiment is four microwave modules connected together.

[0033] For further understanding FIG. 3 is an isometric back view (30) of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance of FIG. 1 with the outside shell and insulation removed to illustrate the interior. Modules (32,36) represent the hot air jet impingement ovens that are attached to either side of a central microwave oven system (34) which in this embodiment is four microwave modules connected together. Again, a three part conveying system (18) that extends completely through the cooking appliance utilizing three separate conveyor belts disposed within the appliance housing that cooperate with each other to propel the food to be cooked, from a food insert entrance portion of the appliance housing to the food extraction exit portion of the housing. Each of the three conveyor belts has its own drive motor and are synced to run at the same rate.

[0034] Referring now to FIG. 4 a complete assembly (40) of the continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy for cooking prepared foods is shown in a stacked configuration with an upper cooking appliance (15) stacked on top of a lower (17) cooking appliance. A human FIG. 25) is shown as a scale reference to illustrate the size of a 5 ft. 8-inch male. The stacking feature is important in saving floor space in a field kitchen. Each of the stacked cooking appliances (15,17) are made up of two hot air impingement ovens (12,16) on each side of a central microwave oven (14). The stacked configurations are mounted on a base (45). Both the upper cooking appliance (15) and the lower cooking appliance (17) feature conveyors (18) that function to carry the food portions completely through cooking appliances (15,20) as described earlier. This approach can also be stacked three high for some applications. That will be illustrated later in this disclosure.

[0035] Turning now to FIG. 5A is an isometric view (70) of the hot air jet impingement sections oven chamber of FIG. 1 with the walls removed and the conveyor not shown to expose the interior of the jet impingement cooking chamber and shows the upward and downward directed impingement air jets (74) (larger tubes) along with the solid smaller solid pins (76) used to ensure microwave attenuation.

[0036] Each jet impingement section has conductive posts suspended in rows and columns from the top and bottom walls of the choke tunnel inside the jet impingement section. This provides an effective and substantially isotropic choke for microwave energy. The length and spacing of the posts are specific to suppress microwave leakage. The tubes are used to direct the jet impingement hot air, and in conjunction with the smaller solid pins act as the chick mechanism to suppress microwave leakage from the appliance.

[0037] FIG. 5B illustrates another isometric view (72), this time showing the backside of the same hot air jet impingement sections oven chamber of FIG. 5A.

[0038] Turning now to FIGS. 6A and 6B, shown generally as 80 and 90 represent two views of the microwave section of the proposed high-speed cooking conveyor appliance. The 6A view (80) is a front angled up view, and the 6B view (90) a back view of the internal microwave layout and structure. (86) is the conveyor assembly of the microwave. This embodiment makes use of four magnetron units. There are four magnetron cooling fans (82/92) as well as a conveyor drive motor (84/94). The conveyor drive chain is shown as (96). The microwave section in this embodiment has four magnetrons (89) with staggered waveguides (88) to produce even heating. There are two magnetron blowers with ducts to cool two magnetrons each. The air intake passes over the transformer to cool them as well. On the jet impingement sides the air intake is covered by a catalytic converter (not shown) to eliminate the need for a vent hood. The heating coil (not shown) is placed behind the catalytic converter. Although this embodiment makes use of 4 magnetrons. The microwave section can be designed to work with one larger magnetron.

[0039] Referring now to FIG. 7 we illustrate another configuration that involves the stacking of 3 of the cooking appliances described in this disclosure. This capability provides both higher throughput of cooked food but also flexibility in that each of the stacked appliances can be programmed to operate with parameters (temperatures, conveyor speed, air jet velocities, and microwave powers specific to certain food groups.

[0040] And referring to FIGS. 8 and 9 two extended tunnels are shown that can be added to the infeed and outfeed portions of the continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance to provide further limitation of potential microwave spikes escaping from the cooking conveyor appliance.

Microwave Attenuation

[0041] Microwave energy is extensively used in many industrial, scientific and medical applications, which frequently require the participation of human beings in direct contact with microwave equipment. Specifically, industrial microwave ovens often employ open-ended waveguide ports in order to allow a continuous flow of the material to be processed. For this reason, safety issues become a main concern in such systems to prevent possible dangerous effects on human tissues due to microwave energy leakage.

[0042] Some alternatives to deal with this leakage problem have been proposed in technical literature. One of the most effective choices is based on corrugated reactive filters which reflect back the energy escaping from the applicator. But some limitations have been found in this work for those traditional structures, particularly regarding the dielectric properties of the processed material.

[0043] The present disclosure addresses the goal of improving these reactive filters when the oven requires a continuous-flow of the material to be processed. In order to do that, new structures are proposed which solve the inconveniences that traditional filters show, along with the use of optimization algorithms that reduce the design time.

[0044] In the three-chamber design the two jet impingement chambers on either side of the microwave chamber will also function as attenuation chambers. To achieve good jet impingement velocities as well as good microwave attenuation in each of the end chambers a combination of impingement jets carrying heated air to the food as well as solid pins interspersed with the heated air impingement jets is used. This combination using specific length and spacing of all the tubes has been shown to properly attenuate the microwaves from escaping the two end chambers. Each of the two jet impingement chambers function to provide a combination of air jet impingement and microwave attention in one chamber. In addition, an added limitation of escaping microwave spikes can be provided by the addition of infeed and outfeed tunnels to each end of the continuous mode conveyor cooking appliance utilizing hot air jet impingement and microwave energy extend the distance of the entry and exit points from the microwave sources.