Centrifuge Apparatus

Abstract

A centrifuge apparatus includes a plurality of modules, each including a rotatable body, housing and flying leads, assembly. The modules can be selectively interconnected to allow adaptation of the processing capacity of the apparatus to process a liquid to remove components therefrom and/or to process a number of different liquids and allow the separation of one or more types of components therefrom simultaneously.

Claims

1. Centrifuge apparatus including an inlet for supply of one or more liquids to pass through the apparatus, at least one pump to allow the liquid to be pumped into and through a plurality of flying lead assemblies, at least one body in which at least one flying lead assembly is located and from winch separated component of the said liquid are collected via one or more outlets, said body rotatable with respect to a housing so as to allow separation of the said components and the said body, housing and flying leads assembly are provided as a module so as to allow the adaptation of the processing capacity of the apparatus by the selective interconnection of a number of said modules, wherein said modules are located in a support structure and said modules are independently controllable so as to be capable of being independently or simultaneously operable to separate components from an input liquid pumped to the same and said modules are selectively provided with the same input liquid or different input liquids to respective modules.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the module includes connection means to allow the same to be connected to liquid supply means and component collection means.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the supply means and/or collection means are the same for each of the modules when used in combination to form the apparatus.

4. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the liquid supply means are provided in the form of a reservoir of the one or more liquids and which is used to supply each of the modules connected together at an instant of time.

5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the pump is provided to allow the supply of the liquid from the liquid supply means to each of the modules which are connected to form the apparatus.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the apparatus includes at least one motor provided to allow the rotation of each body of the modules which are connected together to form the apparatus.

7. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein each body rotates with respect to the housing with which the same is located.

8. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein drive connection means are provided so as to allow each of the bodies of the modules which are connected to form the apparatus, to be rotated by a common motor.

9. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the said module includes a motor to rotate the body.

10. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein synchronisation means are provided so as to allow, when a plurality of modules are connected together to form the apparatus, the said module motors to be operated in a synchronised manner/or independently.

11. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the support structure includes the supply means and/or collection means and/or motor located therein, and engagement means to allow the selective engagement of the said modules therewith.

12. Apparatus according to, claim 1 wherein the support structure acts as a centralised location for each of the modules which are connected to form the apparatus.

13. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the apparatus includes a control system to selectively control the operation of each of the modules to allow the same to be used independently or in combination.

14. (canceled)

15. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the modules which are connected together to form the apparatus allow the separation of components from different liquids supplied thereto so that the apparatus allows the separation of the same or different components from different liquids.

16. Apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the control of the modules allows the capacity to process the different liquids to be selected to suit specific requirements at that time.

17. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the flying lead assembly is removable from the body as a unit.

18. A method of operation of centrifuge apparatus comprising a selected number of modular units as herein described in claim 1 wherein said method includes selectively connecting one or a number of modules to one or more liquid supply means and simultaneously operating the modules to extract components from the one or liquids supplied thereto.

Description

[0028] Specific embodiments of the invention are now described; wherein

[0029] FIG. 1 illustrates apparatus in a conventional format,

[0030] FIG. 2 illustrates a cross sectional elevation of conventional centrifuge apparatus;

[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates the components forming a module in accordance with the invention; and

[0032] FIGS. 4a and b illustrate embodiments of apparatus in accordance with the invention.

[0033] Referring firstly to FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustrated centrifuge apparatus 2 in a conventional format. The apparatus 2 includes a centrifuge body 4 intended to be rotated at high speeds, for example in excess of 2000 rpm. The centrifuge body 4 is located in a housing 6 for protection and control of environmental conditions such as temperature. A control system 8 is provided in the housing along with a motor (not shown) to allow rotation of the body 4. Liquid reservoirs 10 are connected to an inlet 12 to allow the required liquid to enter into the centrifuge body via pump unit 14 and flying leads 16 and an outlet 18 allow the separated liquid components to leave the centrifuge body 4 and be collected at collection apparatus 20 and stored for subsequent use.

[0034] The centrifuge body 4 is mounted on a support wall 22 of the housing via a mounting bush 14 by fastening means 26. The mounting bush holds a shaft 28 on which a drive rotor 30 is mounted via roller bearings 32, 34. A drive belt 36 is provided which drives a corresponding pulley 38 of the drive rotor. Rotatably mounted on the drive rotor are two planetary shafts 40,42 disposed diametrically opposite each other and mounted for rotation about second axes B-B diametrically opposite each other. A bobbin 44 is open at its centre allowing for the placement of the flying leads 16 passing through the middle of the column. A first end 46 of the flying leads 16 is held in the bobbin 62 and a second end 48 of the flying lead section 16 is coupled to the shaft The flying leads include inlet leads 16′, and outlet leads 16″ in the form of tubular conduits.

[0035] In FIG. 3 there are shown components of the apparatus 2 which, in this embodiment, are provided as a module 50 in accordance with the invention and these components include the centrifuge body 4, control means 8, and flying leads 16. Inlet and outlet connections for the supply of liquid to and from the centrifuge body 4 are also provided. In another embodiment components in the form of a pump 14 and/or motor can be provided as part of the module.

[0036] FIGS. 4a and b illustrate one configuration of the apparatus in accordance with the invention and illustrates the manner in which a number of modules 50 of FIG. 3 can be selectively used to allow the processing capacity and/or types of processing of the apparatus to be selected and adapted for different uses.

[0037] The apparatus includes a support structure 52 as shown in FIG. 4a, and the support structure defines a number of compartments. A first set of compartments 54 are provided each available to receive a module 50 including the centrifuge body 4 and flying leads 16 engaged therewith and typically at least control means connections and one module 50 is shown in location in compartment 54′. The module may be provided with a housing with walls in which the body and flying leads are located and the housing fits into the compartment. Alternatively the walls 56 of the compartments can be used as part of the module 50 and with respect to which the body is located. In either case the walls 56 of the compartments are used to support the module and the centrifuge body 4 rotates about its axis in respect thereto and these walls in conjunction with the rear wall 58, floor 60, top wall 62 and door 64 also form a protective means for the module. The compartments 66 are provided to allow for the reception of the control means 8 for the operation of the centrifuge apparatus and it will be appreciated that the control means can be operated so as to allow each of the centrifuge bodies 4 which are located in the support structure at that time to be operated independently or to be operated jointly so as to effectively form a larger capacity centrifuge apparatus and so that the support structure may have a number of rotating bodies of respective modules rotating therein simultaneously.

[0038] The compartment 68 is provided, in this embodiment to receive therein at least one pump apparatus 14 and at least one motor apparatus. In this embodiment the pump apparatus can be connected to each of the modules 50 when present in the support structure so as to act as a common supply means for liquid to the centrifuge bodies 4 from a common liquid reservoir 10 and/or to allow the separated liquid components to be passed to common collection apparatus 20. Also, suitable drive connections are provided between the motor in the compartment 68 and the compartments 54, so as to allow the same motor to be used to selectively drive and rotate the centrifuge bodies 4 of the modules that are present in the support structure 52 at that time. In an alternative embodiment each of the modules includes or is connected to its own motor to drive the rotation of the body for that module. In one embodiment the control means allows for the motors to be controlled to operate in a synchronised manner or independently, depending on the required operation of the apparatus at that time.

[0039] In certain conditions of operation the provision of the operation of the motors, and hence modules independently, allows easier adaptation of the apparatus where there are no flame proof zones or high containment considerations and thereby allowing faster stopping and swapping of individual modules. For example, in the case of a zone 1 or zone 0 safety hazard and high containment requirement the operation of the modules are best served by an externally located common motor drive to which the module bodies are connected so as to be driven to rotate. However, if the apparatus is used with environmentally sustainable and “green” solvents; then the containment requirements are reduced and so there is a greater flexibility provided by allowing each module to have its own drive motor so that the module can be removed for service/maintenance and replaced thereby simplifying the design and adaptation by using independent drive motors and plc controllers.

[0040] In FIG. 4a therefore the apparatus has the capability to include two modules 50 and a module 50 is shown in location in compartment 54′. FIG. 4b illustrates the manner in which a number of support structures 52, 52′, 52″ can be used in combination such that the combined support structure has a maximum capacity of six modules and, in the example shown, five modules 50 are provided and operable independently or in combination to provide apparatus of the required increased capacity.

[0041] In one embodiment six modules could be used to process up to 10 kilograms of material per day and the outputs of the modules can be combined or streamed independently. This output can therefore be achieved using apparatus which has a significantly smaller physical footprint than conventional apparatus used to provide this output, or a greater output than can be achieved from a single form of this type of apparatus and the apparatus in accordance with the invention has significantly greater flexibility.

[0042] As, in one embodiment, each individual modular unit can be operated separately or collectively or in any combination, and so there is provided the opportunity to perform several different processes at the same time or link them together in any order to perform sequential separation processes. This, in turn, provides the possibility to take a highly complex mixture from any source e.g. a plant or biomass extract, a waste stream from natural or synthetic processes, or the like and separate multiple target compounds by reusing the mobile and stationary phases, and to perform the same in manner which allows the processes to be completely contained and recycled within the apparatus which is formed by the combination of modular units.

[0043] This internal recycling and reuse of components within the modular apparatus allows the maximising of the recovery of multiple components from the source material and minimises the total environmental impact of the process operation.

[0044] This integrated process operating strategy is achieved though the modular apparatus and is embodied within the management and control system for the same. The strategy can be applied to all forms of counter-current chromatography (CCC) [also known as counter-current separation (CCS)] including but not limited to hydrodynamic CCC, hydrostatic CCC and all other forms of liquid/liquid chromatography and separation. There is therefore provided an integrated processing solution which can also incorporate other processing technologies to suit specific purposes for use of the apparatus. This is achieved by the provision of the modular and integrated provision of the apparatus and the ability to control the same via a single, integrated management/control system.