SUPPORT FOR SUPPORTING A STRUCTURE REGION

Abstract

The invention relates to a support (1) for supporting a structure region, comprising a central part which has a hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) and two end parts (4), wherein each of the end parts (4) is arranged so as to be telescopable out of the central part from open ends (9) of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) in order to change the length of the support (1). Each of the end parts (4) has a hollow profiled round tube (2, 3), and inner wall regions (21) of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) form guides for the hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3). The hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3) can be guided in the central part in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) by means of contact region (22) lying against the guides so as to achieve the telescopability of the end parts (4).

Claims

1. Support (1) for supporting a region of a structure, comprising a central part which has a hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) and comprising two end parts (4), each of the end parts (4) being arranged so as to be able to telescope out of the central part from open ends (9) of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) in order to change the length of the support (1), characterized in that the end parts (4) each have a hollow profiled round tube (2, 3), and inner wall regions (21) of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) form guides for the hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3), the hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3) being guidable in the central part in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) by means of contact regions (22) which abut the guides, in order for the end parts (4) to be able to telescope.

2. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact regions (22) are formed by outer wall regions of the hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3).

3. Support according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3) are designed to be non-threaded, and/or in that the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) has a square or rectangular cross section.

4. Support according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lengths of the hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3) are in each case 30 to 50% of the length of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8), and/or in that the material thickness of the walls of the hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3) is greater than the material thickness of the walls of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8).

5. Support according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that fall-out securing means (11) are provided on the open ends (7) of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) and on the ends of the end parts (4) that are on the side of the central part, the fall-out securing means (11) captively holding the end parts (4) in the central part.

6. Support according to claim 5, characterized in that the fall-out securing means (11) on the end parts (4) each have a spring pin (14) which is resiliently arranged in a sleeve (44), and each have an end panel (15) which closes an open end (9) of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8), each of the end panels (15) forming a stop for the spring pins (14).

7. Support according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner wall regions (21) of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) that form the guides have a guide groove for the spring pins (14) that extends in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8), and/or in that the spring pins (14) are arranged in the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8) so as to extend diagonally.

8. Support according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that length locking means are provided, the end parts (4) being securable to the central part in telescoped positions by means of the length locking means.

9. Support according to claim 8, characterized in that the length locking means have positioning holes (31) in the hollow profiled round tubes (2, 3) and/or in the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8), which positioning holes are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profiled rectangular tube (8), positioning pins (32) being provided to secure the telescoped positions.

10. Support according to claim 9, characterized in that the spacings between the positioning holes (31) for securing the telescoped positions of one of the end parts (4) differ from the spacings between the positioning holes (31) for securing the telescoped positions of the other end part (4).

11. Support according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that connecting means, in particular connecting flanges (7) for support system components, are provided on the free ends of the end parts (4) and/or on the central part.

12. Support according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the support (1) is designed as a heavy load support.

13. Structure (50) comprising at least one support (1) according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the support (1) is arranged to support a ceiling construction region (51) of the structure (50).

14. Structure according to claim 13, characterized in that the structure is designed as a temporary structure, in particular as formwork or a tunnel formwork carriage

15. Structure according to either claim 13 or claim 14, characterized in that two or more supports are arranged in the structure, in particular so as to be variable in length.

Description

[0025] Particular embodiments of the present invention are explained below in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0026] FIG. 1a shows a perspective view of the support according to the invention, in which the hollow profiled round tubes are completely retracted;

[0027] FIG. 1b shows a perspective view of the support according to the invention, in which the hollow profiled round tubes are completely extended;

[0028] FIG. 1c shows a longitudinal section of the support according to the invention, in which one hollow profiled round tube is retracted as far as possible and one hollow profiled round tube is extended as far as possible;

[0029] FIG. 2a shows a cross-sectional view of the fall-out securing means of the support having a partial view of a spring pin of the fall-out securing means;

[0030] FIG. 2b shows a detailed longitudinal section of the support, corner recesses of the hollow profiled rectangular tube which forms the central part being apparent near the end panel, by means of which recesses the fall-out securing means can be moved into an unlocked position;

[0031] FIG. 3 shows a view of a structure which has a support according to the invention;

[0032] FIG. 4a-c show the use of the supports according to the invention in a cross-sectional change in tunnel building.

[0033] FIG. 1a to 1c each show a perspective view of the support 1 according to the invention, FIG. 1a showing the support 1 having the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 completely retracted, and FIG. 1b showing the support 1 having the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 completely extended. FIG. 1c shows the support 1 in a longitudinal section, having one hollow profiled round tube 3 retracted as far as possible and one hollow profiled round tube 2 extended as far as possible. The hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 each form an end part 4 of the support 1.

[0034] The free ends of the end parts 4 are designed as support heads 5 which each have a closing plate 6 and connecting means 7 for support system components that are designed as connecting flanges. Support system components can be transverse connections between a plurality of supports, for example. The support 1 has a central part which has a hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, on which part further connection means 7 of this kind for support system components are provided.

[0035] The central part of the support 1 is formed by the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8. The two end parts 4 are each arranged so as to be able to telescope out of the central part from open ends 9 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 in order to change the length of the support 1. For this purpose, the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 are inserted into the central part via the open ends 9. This ability to telescope is symbolically shown in the figure by means of double arrows. The hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 of the central part in this case has a square cross section, it being possible for the edges of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 to be rounded.

[0036] According to FIG. 1c, fall-out securing means 11 are provided on the open ends 9 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 and on the ends of the end parts 4 that are on the side of the central part. The fall-out securing means 11 captively hold the end parts in the central part. On each of the end parts 4, the fall-out securing means 11 have a pin 14 and an end panel 15 which closes an open end 9 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, which pin and panel are rigidly connected, e.g. soldered, to the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8. Each one of the pins 14 is fed through an associated hollow profiled round tube 2, 3, perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the associated hollow profiled round tube 2, 3. The end panels 15 each form a stop for the pins 14. This means that each end panel 15 forms a stop for the pin 14 which is fed through the hollow profiled round tube 2, 3 which is inserted into the open end 9 of the central part that is closed by the end panel 15.

[0037] The depth stop for the hollow profiled round tube 3 which is retracted as far as possible is apparent in FIG. 1c. As part of the fall-out securing means 11 of the hollow profiled round tube 2 which is extended as far as possible, a spring pin 14 that stops on the end panel side, for example, is also shown. In FIG. 1c it is clearly apparent, due to the longitudinal sectional view, that inner wall regions 21 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 form guides for the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3. In this case, the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 can be guided in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 by means of contact regions 22 in the end parts 4 that abut the guides, in order for the end parts 4 to be able to telescope in the sliding-clearance form fit. The contact regions 22 are formed by outer wall regions of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3. The inner wall regions 21 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 that form the guides in this case directly contact the outer wall regions of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3, which contact is shown in the figure by the spacing between the inner wall regions 21 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 and the outer wall regions of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3, which spacing is only marked in a limited manner. The hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 each have an outer diameter which substantially corresponds to the minimum inner diameter of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8. Substantially is to be understood in this case as meaning that the diameters correspond to one another except for a clearance which is necessary for the telescoping movement. The guides and contact regions 22 at least partially touch, at least during heavy loads of the support 1, in order to absorb bending moments that occur as a result.

[0038] The lengths of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 are each 30% to 50% of the length of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8. The material thickness of the walls of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 is greater than the material thickness of the walls of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, which also corresponds to the line thickness of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 and the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 in FIG. 1c.

[0039] In order to lock the (extension) length of the support 1 when telescoping the end parts 4, length locking means are provided on the support 1. The end parts 2, 3 can be secured to the central part in telescoped positions by means of the length locking means. The length locking means have positioning pins and positioning holes 31. The positioning holes 31 of the length locking means are arranged spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 and can in particular be bored into the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 and into the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8. This means that the positioning holes 31 are formed by bores through the walls of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 and in the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, the positioning pins for securing the telescoped positions being fed through the bores. The spacings of the positioning holes 31 for securing the telescoped positions of one of the end parts 4 differ from the spacings of the positioning holes 31 for securing the telescoped positions of the other end part 4. In the figure, the positioning holes 31 in the region of the open end 9 of the central part that is at the top in the figure have a slightly smaller spacing than the positioning holes 1 in the region of the open end 9 of the central part that is at the bottom in the figure. Variable total lengths of the support 1 can be achieved by correspondingly securing the end parts 4 by positioning using the pins.

[0040] FIGS. 2a and 2b each show in detail the support 1 according to the invention, in the region of the fall-out securing means (fall-out securing means region) 11 of an end part of the support 1. FIG. 2a in this case shows a cross-sectional projection of the fall-out securing means region that has a partial view of a spring pin 14 of the fall-out securing means 11. The support head 5 of the end part is also shown together with the closing panel 6 and the connecting flanges 7 thereof, and the connecting flanges 7 of the central part. A positioning pin 32, which is fed through the positioning holes 31, is also shown having a splint securing device 33.

[0041] As a result of the clearance of the spring pins 14, it is also evident in FIG. 2a that the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 of the end parts which form the telescope tube are rotatably mounted directly in the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 of the central part. The inner wall regions 21 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 that form guides for the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 and the single shown hollow profiled rectangular tube are formed by the central regions of the surfaces of the inner faces of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8. In this case, the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 are guided in the central part, i.e. in the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 by means of contact regions 22 which abut the guides, in order for the end parts 4 to be able to telescope. Said contact regions 22 are formed by the outer wall regions of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3. The inner wall regions 21 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 that form the guides are in direct contact with the outer wall regions (=lateral surface regions) of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 in this case. In this context, the outer diameter of the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3 substantially corresponds to the minimum inner diameter of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, which, in the case of a square hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, corresponds to the length of the inner edge of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8.

[0042] FIG. 2b shows a longitudinal section of the fall-out securing means region of the support, corner recesses 41 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 which forms the central part being apparent near the end panel, by means of which recesses the fall-out securing means 11 can be moved into an unlocked position. The figure shows that the fall-out securing means 11 on the end parts each have a pin designed as a spring pin 14, and each have an end panel 15 which closes an open end 9 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8. Each of the end panels 15 forms a stop for the spring pins 14. The spring-loaded fall-out securing means 11 of this kind allow the hollow profiled round tubes 2, 3, which are the telescopic tubes, of the end parts in the central part to rotate freely, the end panels 15 of the central part forming the stops for the spring pins 14 which are the securing pins.

[0043] The spring pins 14 are arranged in the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 so as to extend diagonally, i.e. said pins extend diagonally from one edge of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 to a relevant opposite edge of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, and are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the support. As a result, the spring pins 14 project into cavities 43 which are present at the edges of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8, between the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 and the hollow profiled round tube 2, 3. The spring pins 14 are each arranged resiliently in a sleeve 44. In this case a helical spring 45 is arranged between two parts 46 of the spring pin 14 along the longitudinal axis of the sleeve 44. In this manner the helical spring 45 presses the parts 46 of the spring pin 15 out of the sleeve 44 in the longitudinal axis direction of the sleeve 44. By pressing together the parts 46 of the spring pin 14 into the sleeve 44, the end parts can be unlocked. This unlocked position can be achieved by engaging in the shown corner recesses (disassembly recesses) 41 of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 which forms the central part, which recesses are near the end panel. The fall-out securing means region 11, together with the length locking means, forms a means which reliably secures against crushing or falling out.

[0044] FIG. 3 shows a structure region of a structure which is designated as a whole with the reference numeral 50 and has a support 1 according to the invention, the support 1 being arranged to support a ceiling construction region 51 of the structure 50. The structure 50 is a carcass, for example, in particular a tunnel carcass. The support 1 is in this case used for supporting a ceiling construction region 51, which has a ceiling formwork and a concrete ceiling 52 of the structure 50 that is (still) encased by the ceiling formwork. The support 1 is mounted on a rolling construction 55 which is set on rails 56. A tunnel formwork carriage is created in this manner. The support 1 transfers the vertical load of the ceiling formwork and the concrete ceiling 52 into the floor, in this case the already concreted tunnel floor 60, via the rolling construction 55 and the rails 56.

[0045] In the figure, the upper end part of the support 1 is not telescoped out of the hollow profiled rectangular tube 8 of the central part, whereas the lower end part 4 of the support 1 is telescoped out of the central part as far as possible. Further support system components are mounted on the central part of the support 1 and on the in particular lower support head 5 thereof by means of connecting flanges 7, i.e. pieces of sheet steel which are soldered to the support heads and/or to the central part and are provided with screw holes. In this case, for example, said support system components are diagonal reinforcements 57, e.g. corner connectors, heavy load spindles 58 and/or horizontal struts 59 for horizontally connecting two supports 1 according to the invention, for example, via the central part thereof so as to reinforce them. By means of this plurality of connection options of the support 1 according to the invention, which is designed as a heavy load support, a modular construction system for a support system, such as a tunnel formwork carriage, is made.

[0046] As a result of the high level of flexibility of the support 1 according to the invention and the fine length adjustment (adjustment increment) thereof, for example of an extension length (maximum total length or height) of 4000 mm to a maximum of 6500 mm in adjustment increments of 31.25 mm, all tunnel cross sections within the range of the maximum total length or height of the support can be replicated, i.e. supported. A fine adjustment in the remaining range of 31.25 mm can be carried out using lowering wedges arranged underneath the tunnel formwork carriage. No additional, costly spindle devices are therefore necessary for precise height adjustment for the heavy load region. The adjustability of the lowering wedges is sufficient. The support 1 according to the invention is therefore a height-adjustable heavy load support for transferring vertical loads into temporary load-bearing frames, which support can be used flexibly. In addition to the flexible height adjustment and light construction thereof, the telescopic upright according to the invention is characterised by a high load bearing capacity of e.g. 250 kilonewton, while having a relatively low self-weight of e.g. 288.8 kg. It is correspondingly a very advantageous static system. The light construction is achieved using smaller material cross sections, i.e. wall thicknesses, in comparison to conventional supports. The support according to the invention also offers a plurality of connecting and fastening options, e.g. for braces, platforms, reinforcements and/or load bearers, which makes it an ideal supplementary component of a modular construction system. In this case it is possible to make modifications quickly, e.g. for adapting to heights, in ongoing building projects, without additional components. In this manner, a telescopic upright is provided for various building projects, in particular tunnel building projects which have varying tunnel cross sections.

[0047] The use of supports according to the invention in tunnel building projects of this kind which have varying tunnel cross sections is shown in an embodiment in sectional views in FIG. 4a-4c. It is in particular clear in this case how the supports according to the invention can be quickly varied in length while being used in tunnel building projects. FIG. 4a shows two supports 1a, 1b according to the invention, which are used to support a tunnel construction region which has a formwork 100 of a structure 110, which supports are in a starting position, i.e. the respective upper and lower end parts of the two supports 1a, 1 b according to the invention are not telescoped out. The two supports 1a, 1b transfer the vertical load of the tunnel construction region into the ground via substructures, in this case wooden substructures 120a, 120b. Two further support system components, diagonal reinforcements 57, are mounted on each of the two supports 1a, 1b, which components connect the two supports 1a, 1b and the formwork 100 to one another. In order to then be able to react to a changed tunnel cross section, the two outer reinforcements 57 are then released from the two supports 1a, 1b and mounted on a fixed edge region 130, as a result of which the tunnel construction region which has the formwork 100 is supported outwardly; see FIG. 4b. The wooden substructure 120a can therefore be removed, and the upper and lower end part of the support 1a can be telescoped out of the central part of the support 1a to an extent that the support 1a can transfer the vertical load into the ground 140, and therefore be adapted to the changed tunnel cross section. In this embodiment, the formwork 100 is additionally fixed to the ceiling by securing apparatuses 150. Subsequently, the wooden substructure 120b of the support 1b can also be removed, and the two end parts, as described for the support 1a, can be telescoped out. In the last step, the two outer reinforcements 57 are connected to the two supports 1a, 1b again, and the securing apparatuses 150 are removed, as shown in FIG. 4c. As was shown, using supports according to the invention it is possible to react to varying tunnel cross sections quickly and during use, which is not possible using fixed length supports.