FLEXIBLE MATERIAL, ITS PRODUCTION METHOD AND USES

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a flexible material which imitates leather, more in particular a textile material, coated with products of vegetable origin.

The present disclosure relates to a flexible material comprised of a coated textile substrate, woven, knitted or non-woven fabric, the coating material of which having in its constitution vegetable by-products and residues, which may be of different typologies. In particular, the textiles have residues attached to the textile substrate through the use of a binder.

The flexible material of the present disclosure is useful for the textile and confectionery industry and can be extensively applied in the textile industry namely in the manufacture of textile materials for clothing or for application in furniture, home textiles and decoration, footwear, automobile upholstery, bags, wallets, belts, leather goods, etc.

Claims

1. A flexible material comprising: a textile substrate or a cellulose-based substrate selected from the group consisting of: knitted, woven, nonwoven fabrics, paper and combinations thereof, wherein the textile substrate or the cellulose-based substrate comprises at least one coating layer; wherein the coating layer comprises: a polymer binder and, at least 5% particles of a residue (p.sub.residue/p.sub.coating), wherein the residue particles have a particle size of less than 1 mm, and wherein the residue is of vegetable origin selected from the group consisting of: forest residues, cereal residues, agricultural residues, horticultural residues, silvicultural residues, paper residues, vegetable by-products excluding cork, and mixtures thereof.

2. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the coating layer comprises at least 7% of residue particles (p.sub.residue/p.sub.coating).

3. (canceled)

4. (canceled)

5. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the residue particles have a particle size between 0.001-0.7 mm.

6. (canceled)

7. (canceled)

8. (canceled)

9. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein 90% of the particles have a particle size of less than 0.8 mm.

10. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the polymer binder is selected from the group consisting of: polyurethane, polyester, polyether, polyacrylate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic polyester, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyamide, waxes, paraffins, silicones, natural binders, and combinations thereof.

11. (canceled)

12. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the coating layer further comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of: crosslinker, thickener, softener, stabilizer, colorant, pigment, dispersant, anti-foamer, foamer, expander, emulsifier, anti-UV agent and combinations thereof.

13. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the residue is selected from the group consisting of: saw dust, leaf and stem residues, mushroom residues, paper residues, cereal residues, tea plant residues, coffee residues, rice husk, nut residues, tree bark, olive stones, a mixtures thereof.

14. (canceled)

15. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the polymer binder and residue combination is selected from the group consisting of: coffee residues, aliphatic polyester-polyurethane; coffee residues, aliphatic polyether-polycarbonate urethane; saw dust, aliphatic polyester-polyurethane; saw dust, aliphatic polyether-polycarbonate urethane; rice husk, aliphatic polyester-polyurethane; pine bark, aliphatic polyacrylate-polyurethane; pine bark, polyester-polyurethane; and combinations thereof.

16. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the textile substrate or the cellulose-based substrate comprises fibers selected from a list consisting of: cotton, linen, wool, regenerated cellulosics, polyester, elastane, or combinations thereof.

17. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the coating layer comprises a thickness of 0.05-3 mm.

18. (canceled)

19. The flexible material of claim 1, wherein the flexible material is obtained by thermosetting or UV setting, or combinations thereof.

20. The flexible material of claim 1, comprising at least one additional layer, in particular a lacquer layer or varnish layer.

21. (canceled)

22. A composition for a coating of a textile substrate selected from the group consisting of knitted, woven, nonwoven fabrics, paper, and combinations thereof, the composition comprising: 50% to 90% (p.sub.binder/p.sub.paste) of a suitable polymer binder of synthetic or natural origin or a combination thereof; 5% to 50% (p.sub.residue/p.sub.paste) of residue particles with a particle size of less than 1 mm, wherein the residue is of vegetable origin selected from the group consisting of: forest residues, cereal residues, agricultural residues, horticultural residues, silvicultural residues, paper residues, vegetable by-products excluding cork, and mixtures thereof; and wherein the composition comprises a viscosity between 20-100 dPa.Math.s at 20° C.

23. The composition of claim 22, wherein the composition comprises a viscosity between 25-70 dPa.Math.s at 20° C.

24. (canceled)

25. The composition of claim 22, comprising: 80% to 90% (p.sub.binder/p.sub.paste) of the polymer binder; 8% to 10% (p.sub.residue/p.sub.paste) of the residue particles.

26. (canceled)

27. The composition of claim 22, wherein the residue particles comprise a particle size between 0.001-0.7 mm.

28. The composition of claim 22, wherein the polymer binder comprises polyurethane, polyacrylate, polyester, polyether, polyacrylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic polyesters, polyethylene, polyamide, waxes, paraffins, or silicones, of synthetic or natural origin or combinations thereof.

29. The composition of claim 22, wherein the composition further comprises crosslinkers, thickeners, softeners, stabilizers, colorants, or pigments, or combinations thereof.

30. The composition of claim 22, further comprising an expander or a foamer, or a combination thereof.

31. (canceled)

32. (canceled)

33. (canceled)

34. A method for obtaining a flexible material, the method comprising: selecting residue particles with a particle size of less than 1 mm, wherein the residue particles are of vegetable origin selected from the group consisting of forest residues, cereal residues, agricultural residues, horticultural residues, silvicultural residues, paper residues, vegetable by-products excluding cork, and mixtures thereof; mixing at least 5% of the residue particles (p.sub.residue/p.sub.coating) with a polymer binder in order to obtain a paste having a viscosity between 20-100 dPa.Math.s at 20° C.; optionally, incorporating air into the paste, this including a foamer, so as to obtain a coating foam; applying, by knife coating or rotary screen, at least one layer of the paste or the coating foam obtained onto a textile substrate or a cellulose-based substrate selected from the group consisting of: knitted, woven, nonwoven fabrics, paper and combinations thereof; and optionally drying, thermosetting and/or calendering the coating foam or paste, the thermosetting and calendering being carried out in different orders.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0103] For an easier understanding of the present disclosure, figures are herein attached, which represent preferred embodiments which however are not intended to limit the object of the present disclosure.

[0104] FIG. 1: Representation of the process for coating the textile substrate with the composition described in the present disclosure, wherein B, D and E represent different systems for applying the coating, B being the knife coating on roll coating technique, D the knife coating on air coating technique, and E the rotary screen coating technique.

[0105] FIG. 2: Representation of the process for coating the textile substrate with the composition described in the present disclosure by rotary screen.

Wherein:

[0106] (A) represents the textile substrate;

[0107] (B) represents the knife coating on roll;

[0108] (C) represents the coated textile substrate;

[0109] (D) represents the knife coating on air;

[0110] (F) represents the rotary screen/cylinder.

DETAIL DESCRIPTION

[0111] The present disclosure relates to a flexible material which imitates leather, more in particular a textile material, coated with products of vegetable origin.

[0112] The present disclosure relates to a flexible material comprised of a coated, textile substrate, woven, knitted or non-woven fabric, the coating material of which has in its constitution vegetable residue and/or by-products, which may be of different typologies. In particular, the combination of textile or cellulosic substrates in combination with a coating layer incorporating residues with a certain particle size.

[0113] The flexible material of the present disclosure is useful for the textile and confectionery industry and can be extensively applied in the textile industry namely in the manufacture of textile materials for clothing or for application in furniture, home textiles and decoration, footwear, automobile upholstery, bags, wallets, belts, leather goods, etc.

[0114] The present disclosure is associated with the application of different technological processes that resort to superficial chemical deposition technologies, namely coating by reactive action. The solutions obtained by adopting the recommended research process are: fabric, non-woven and knitted structures, in particular of natural or unnatural origin, in particular synthetic or artificial origin, and coated with residue and by-product microparticles/granulates of different typologies, from waste from the productive process of different industries and agroforestry.

[0115] This is an innovative concept for textile materials obtained from the recycling of vegetable residue and by-products, suitable for simple mechanical processes, not involving chemical processes, in particular woven, non-woven and knitted fabrics, once unlike the products currently existing on the market these incorporate a greater amount of residue, that is, attached to the textile substrate making them unique and differentiating products in relation to the state of the art.

[0116] In one embodiment, the following methodology was adopted: [0117] preparation of a recipe of the residue microparticle/granulate coating paste that allows a strong interaction between residue and textile substrates; [0118] formulation of the coating pastes by resorting to resins, namely polyurethane, polyester, polyether, polyacrylate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic polyester, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyamide, waxes, paraffins and silicones, among others, and other additives, for example thickeners, stabilizers, foamers, among others; [0119] bonding between coating paste and textile substrates by means of knife coating or rotary screen coating technology which consists in the deposition of a polymer of synthetic or natural origin or a combination of both onto the textile structure to be processed.

[0120] In one embodiment, the coating paste, foam, or solution composition may comprise: residue particles, binder, crosslinker, and thickener.

[0121] In one embodiment, the coating process of the woven, knitted and nonwoven fabric structures is carried out according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 wherein after preparation of the coating paste, foam or solution the later is deposited onto the surface by knife coating or rotary screen coating technology, etc. in a quantity necessary to obtain at the end a particle value of the chosen residue of more than 5% (p.sub.residue/p.sub.coating). The coated structure is then subjected to drying and thermosetting with dry heat (dryer/centering machine) or UV setting for the time necessary for its effective attachment.

[0122] In one embodiment of the coating process, coating application is performed according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The paste, foam or solution is then prepared which is then placed in front of the coating knife and/or into the rotary screen. The distance between the application system and the textile substrate is selected, or the pressure therebetween corresponding to the thickness of the coating film and which may be less than 3.0 mm. Subsequently, the textile substrate moves continuously, deposition of the coating paste occurring and a uniform coating film with a percentage of more than 5% of residue particles (p.sub.residue/p.sub.coating) being obtained at the end.

[0123] In one embodiment, the processes for applying the coating paste, foam or solution onto the textile substrates, as well as their processing, temperature, pressure, time, speed parameters, among others, must also be suitably adjusted to guarantee the quality of the textile substrates incorporating residues. Processing conditions, both in terms of the application technology and in terms of parameters, are different for the different substrates, in particular woven, non-woven and knitted fabrics.

[0124] In one embodiment, if any constraints impeding the success of this solution are present, prior preparation processes will also be used through surface modification promoted by plasma, ozone, ultrasound, swelling with isopropanol or toluene, among others. These treatments help cleaning, activating and functionalizing the surface of the textile substrates, making it more apt to create the bond.

[0125] In one embodiment, in the case of woven, non-woven and knitted fabrics, a cold coating made by knife coating or rotary screen, etc. may be carried out and subsequent drying treatment at 100° C. and thermosetting at a preferred temperature between 120° C. and 160° C. or UV setting.

[0126] The products obtained incorporate a high amount of residues of different typologies in a reactive way, that is, bond by strong interactions to the textile substrate, making them unique and differentiating products in relation to the state of the art, allowing it to be a viable alternative to the solutions currently available in the market, traditional leather and imitations thereof.

[0127] Some examples of the present disclosure are given below. The processes for applying the paste or foam onto the textile substrates, as well as their processing, temperature, pressure, time, speed parameters, among others, must also be adjusted to guarantee the quality of the textile substrates.

[0128] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 20% vegetable dry residue, such as for example coffee, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 70% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 43 dPa.Math.s (spindle s06 and 44.0% torsion) was reached, which was foamed to a density of 350 g/L. After application of this foam on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100-120° C., attachment at 150° C., and pressing at 100° C. and 100 bar at a speed of 5 m/min, a flexible coating was obtained, with a final thickness of 0.3 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and a grade 1 when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification A after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 5; grade 1 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 2/3; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 2.2 and when dry of 11.7 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) without significant swelling or staining after drying.

[0129] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 10% vegetable dry residue, such as for example cereals, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 80% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 33 dPa.Math.s (spindle s06 and 44.0% torsion) was reached, which was foamed until a density of 280 g/L was obtained. After application of this foam on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100-120° C., attachment at 150° C., and pressing at 100° C. and 100 bar at a speed of 5 m/min, a flexible coating was obtained, with a final thickness of 0.35 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and a grade 4/5 when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification A after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 5; grade 5 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 2/3; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 4.2 and when dry of 10 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) without significant swelling or staining after drying.

[0130] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 15% vegetable dry residue, such as for example cereals, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 75% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 25 dPa.Math.s (spindle s06 and 44.0% torsion) was reached, which was foamed until a density of 290 g/L was obtained. After application of this foam on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100-120° C., attachment at 150° C., and pressing at 120° C. and 120 bar at a speed of 5 m/min, a flexible coating was obtained, with a final thickness of 0.36 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and a grade 3/4 when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification A after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 5; grade 5 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 3/4; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 2.5 and when dry of 12.1 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) without significant swelling or staining after drying.

[0131] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 20% vegetable dry residue, such as for example cereals, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 70% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 55 dPa.Math.s (spindle s06 and 44.0% torsion) was reached, which was foamed until a density of 300 g/L was obtained. After application of this foam on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100-120° C., attachment at 150° C., and pressing at 100 and 100 bar at a speed of 5 m/min, a flexible coating was obtained, with a final thickness of 0.37 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and a grade 5 when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification A after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 5; grade 5 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 2/3; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 2.7 and when dry of 5.5 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) with no swelling or staining after drying.

[0132] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 25% vegetable dry residue, such as thyme, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 70% polyacrylate-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 75 dPa.Math.s (spindle s06 and 44.0% torsion) was reached, which was foamed until a density of 500 g/L was obtained. After application of this foam on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100-120° C., attachment at 150° C., and embossing at 180° C. and 2.5 bar at a speed of 1 m/min, a flexible coating was obtained, with a final thickness of 1.05 mm.

[0133] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 5.1% vegetable dry residue, such as for example pine saw dust, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 89.4% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane and policarbonate-polyurethane based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 75 dPa.Math.s (spindle s06 and 44.0% torsion) was reached, which was foamed until a density of 600 g/L was obtained. After application of this foam on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100-120° C., attachment at 150° C., and embossing at 180° C. and 2.5 bar at a speed of 1 m/min, a flexible coating was obtained, with a final thickness of 1.05 mm.

[0134] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 9.1% dry coffee grounds, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 90.9% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared having a viscosity of 66 dPa.Math.s (spindle s07 and 16.3% torsion). After application of this paste on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100° C., attachment at 140° C., and pressing at 140° C. and 6 bar for 30 s, a flexible coating was obtained, with a thickness of 0.17 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and a grade ≥4 when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification C after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 2; superior grade 4 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 3-4; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 8.9 and when dry of 16.2 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) with no swelling or staining after drying.

[0135] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 9.1% dry coffee grounds, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 84.1% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste containing about 50% recycled content, and 6.8% of a blocked aliphatic poliisocyanate fastener was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 51.7 dPa.Math.s (spindle s06 and 51.7% torsion) was reached. After application of this paste on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100° C., attachment at 120° C., and pressing at 120° C. and 6 bar for 30 s, a flexible coating was obtained, with a thickness of 0.16 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification B after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 4/5; grade 5 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 3/4; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 17.2 and when dry of 30.0 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) with no swelling or staining after drying and only a slight swelling before drying.

[0136] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 9.1% dry coffee grounds, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 90.9% aliphatic polyether-polycarbonate urethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared having a viscosity of 52.8 dPa.Math.s (spindle s07 and 13.2% torsion). After application of this paste on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100° C., attachment at 140° C., and pressing at 140° C. and 6 bar for 30 s, a flexible coating was obtained, with a thickness of 0.17 mm. This coating presented a grade fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification C after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 2; grade 3 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012) when wet and grade 5 when dry; light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 3; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 8.2 and when dry of 15.6 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) with no swelling or staining after drying.

[0137] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 9.1% dry pine saw dust, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 90.1% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 43.5 dPa.Math.s (spindle s06 and 44.0% torsion) was reached. After application of this paste on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100° C., attachment at 140° C., and pressing at 140° C. and 6 bar for 30 s, a flexible coating was obtained, with a thickness of 0.17 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and a grade ≥4 when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification B after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 4; grade 5 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 2; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 12.5 and when dry of 20.3 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) with no swelling or staining after drying and only a slight swelling before drying.

[0138] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 9.1% dry pine saw dust, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, 84.1% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste containing about 50% recycled content, and 6.8% of a blocked aliphatic poliisocyanate fastener was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 95 dPa.Math.s (spindle s07 and 24.0% torsion) was reached. After application of this paste on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100° C., attachment at 120° C., and pressing at 120° C. and 6 bar for 30 s, a flexible coating was obtained, with a thickness of 0.16 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification C after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 4; grade 5 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 3; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 25.2 and when dry of 31.2 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) with no swelling or staining after drying and only a slight swelling before drying.

[0139] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 9.1% dry pine saw dust, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, and 90.1% aliphatic polyether-polycarbonate urethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 100 dPa.Math.s (spindle s07 and 39.0% torsion) was reached. After application of this paste on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100° C., attachment at 140° C., and pressing at 140° C. and 6 bar for 30 s, a flexible coating was obtained, with a thickness of 0.17 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and grade ≥4 when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification C after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 3; grade 5 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012); light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 3-4; adhesion (ISO 11644: 2009) when wet of 8.1 and when dry of 15.2 N/cm; and water droplet fastness (ISO 15700: 1998) with no swelling or staining after drying and only a slight swelling before drying.

[0140] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 9.1% dry coffee grounds, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, 85.9% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste and 5% of a natural lignosulfonate-based binder was prepared, a polyurethane-based thickener being added until a viscosity of 100 dPa.Math.s (spindle s07 and 50.0% torsion) was reached. After application of this paste on a 100% cotton jersey (0.39 mm thick), by knife coating on roll technology, drying at 100° C., attachment at 150° C., and pressing at 150° C. and 6 bar for 30 s, a flexible coating was obtained, with a thickness of 0.11 mm. This coating presented a grade 5 fastness to Veslic friction (ISO 11640: 2012) when dry and a grade ≥4 when wet; Martindale abrasion fastness (ISO 17704: 2004) classification D after 51200 revolutions, with a color change grade 2/3; grade 3 fastness to Crockmeter friction (ISO 20433: 2012) when wet and 5 when dry; light fastness (ISO 105-B02) grade 3.

[0141] In one embodiment, a coating paste containing 9.1% dry coffee grounds, with a particle size equal to or less than 0.2 mm, 84.1% aliphatic polyester-polyurethane-based coating aqueous polymer paste containing about 50% recycled content, and 6.8% of a blocked aliphatic poliisocyanate fastener was prepared, an acrylate-based thickener being added. This formulation formed clusters, making it impossible to apply them.

[0142] The term “comprises” or “comprising” when used herein is intended to indicate the presence of the features, elements, integers, steps and components mentioned, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, integers, steps and components, or groups thereof.

[0143] The present invention is of course in no way restricted to the embodiments described herein and a person of ordinary skill in the art can foresee many possibilities of modifying it and replacing technical features with equivalents depending on the requirements of each situation as defined in the appended claims.

[0144] The following claims define additional embodiments of the present description.

[0145] The embodiments presented are combinable with each other. The following claims further define embodiments.