Bituminous coal and lignite biomass fuel polyolefin and other waste plastics smoke-free combustion technology

Abstract

Low carbon atomic number mixed alcohol gel paste or pancake and straw charcoal grate combination of ignition agent, with fossil fuels such as bituminous coal lignite, straw branches and other agricultural and forestry waste, polyolefin and other synthetic organic polymer waste, other combustible solid and semi-solid low-value raw fuels, with non-toxic auxiliary materials carefully crafted high volatile column ignition coal and lower coal, are stacked in the insulation—fire-resistant furnace core. Throw in a small strip of burning paper to ignite the igniter from the top, that is, start long flame combustion, followed by the ignition coal on fire, its surface red hot coal layer will be designed to move down more quickly and gradually, to the lower coal on fire.

Claims

1. Fossil fuels such as bituminous coal and lignite, agricultural and forestry wastes such as straws and branches, waste plastics such as polyolefins and other combustible solid and semi-solid wastes are pre-treated with non-toxic auxiliary materials, mixed, molded, and then stacked in stoves that are limited to non-mandatory combustion uses, and the molded fuel (hereinafter referred to as ‘molded coal’) static and non-blowing and ignite up way of combustion using the stove stoves in the group stack, to achieve the whole zero-smoke state, high sulfur fixation, clean and efficient combustion, exhaust gas can be directly exhausted (except for garbage and other waste fuel itself contains high temperature can be volatile toxic heavy metal elements and the case) technology, compared with the existing scattered stoves, disorderly combustion of these solid fuels, emissions of a large number of smoke, thermal cracking and thermal disintegration of toxic and harmful substances produced and not fully burned technology, its characteristics are: integration of the following 14 technical principles, programs, measures and methods to achieve these beneficial technical effects, namely— (1) The general technical principle is that coal is fully (completely) burned in a static, non-blowing state, controlled as an orderly, oxygen-rich 5-10% condition throughout; (2) The four methods and technical measures of the existing “upper ignition honeycomb coal” technology that are not claimed but used are {circle around (1)} upper ignition method, {circle around (2)} longitudinal stacking method with the ignition layer of the molding fuel on top, the pilot layer in the middle and the main combustion layer on the bottom, {circle around (3)} a large combustion chamber formed with the aid of a gathering fire plate on top of the supporting stove, and {circle around (4)} a secondary ventilation structure; (3) selection of mixed alcohol gel pastes or gel pancakes (8) with low carbon atomic numbers of 2-9 carbon atoms either alone as an ignition agent or in combination with straw charcoal grille (11) respectively as an ignition agent; (4) The fuel used for the pilot coal (10) must contain a high volatile content, with a suitable range of 30-40-50%, while the lower coal (9) may have an unlimited range, but a suitable range of 20-30-40%; (5) the ignition point and particle size of each fuel component of the pilot coal (10) and the lower coal (9), and the particle size of each component itself, shall be distributed in a gradient according to the principle of producing a progressive combustion effect; (6) Potassium hydroxide is used to saponify lignite, weathered coal, peat and other ingredients rich in macromolecular organic acids to form calcium, potassium and sodium salts of humic acid and other macromolecular organic acids with alkalized plant fibers to form a self-produced inexpensive organic binder for pilot coal (10) and lower coal (9), and helps to reduce the ash content of the formula (compared with inorganic binder), increase the calorific value of the formula, and delay the reduction of the calorific value of the coal during the storage period due to the coating of all coal powder (anti-dropout); (7) selecting pigment iron red with particle size below 50 nm with a mass ratio of 10% or more to replace expensive ferrocene as coal water coal gasification catalyst and combustion catalyst to facilitate long time and long flame combustion; (8) the principle of high sulfur fixation rate and sulfur fixation agent formulations are characterized by—{circle around (1)} coal-based sulfur iron ore thermal decomposition has a special way, that is, in the presence of ultra-fine activated carbon powder or reducing iron powder, which are strong reducing agents, the temperature as low as 200° C., the reaction formula FeS.sub.2==FeS+S take place, decomposition of ½ equivalent sulfur, at 300-400° C., the rapid decomposition of almost all the sulfur, followed by oxidation of sulfur oxide gas, there is a huge difference comparing with oxidation desulfurization reaction with ordinary sulfur iron ore which requires 600-800° C. high temperature; {circle around (2)} traditional scattered, disorderly combustion of sulfur-containing fuel way after ignition, in this temperature range, elemental sulfur, organic, inorganic sulfur-containing, nitrogen-containing components almost with thermal cracking, thermal disintegration generated and failed to fully combustion of macromolecular hydrocarbons and fine carbon powder synchronous rapid decomposition, escape, so that the tail gas of scattered bituminous coal thick smoke entrained with sulfur-containing nitrogen-containing organic matter asphyxiating characteristics of bad odor; {circle around (3)} the formed coal contains and adds a part of fine coal powder and charcoal powder, which met the condition of decomposing sulfur at 200-300-400° C., but because of the orderly and progressive downward movement of the red hot coal seam, the elemental sulfur is decomposed and oxidized in a differential way (not in a sharp way), and also because of the 3-5 times high equivalent ratio of sulfur fixing agent calcium oxide and sodium and potassium, and evenly mixed with coal combustion powder, so most of the sulfur oxide is neutralized and becomes calcium sulfite, sodium and potassium, and then oxidized to sulfate fixed in the cinder; {circle around (4)} the reason why it is appropriate to choose 3-5 to 1 ratio between the amount of calcium oxide and the total sulfur in the fuel is that some of the calcium oxide will be consumed in combination with silica-oxygen groups, macromolecular organic acids and other acids; (9) The design ash content of the pilot coal (10) and lower coal (9) is 12-15%, plus the chemical composition of the ash control, furnace temperature control, burning slag in a static, non-blowing combustion mode, not only to maintain the shape of not collapse blocking the ventilation holes, but also because of the dense, moderate strength, after burning only a slight pounding can fall into the ash collection tank, less dust, and burning slag non-toxic, slightly alkaline (water leachate PH value be controlled at 7-8), containing calcium and sulfur (gypsum form), potassium, magnesium, iron, silicon and other useful elements, mixed with composted plant fertilizer, acid clay agglomerate structure improver and fertilizer, or cement and other building materials used as raw materials; (10) the characteristics of the heat releasing main lower coal (9) are {circle around (1)} because of the formation of the upper end of the high temperature zone, it is easy to smoothly catch fire, so the formula is more flexible, focusing on the selection of cheap fuel, {circle around (2)} a variety of technical measures to control the achieved reasonable assignment of components such as volatile proportion, particle size distribution, the composition and forming-method of the bonding agent, the selection and the ration of the fixed carbon coal gasification catalyst, high solid sulfur principles and carbon powder lime addition measures, ash content of the burner, etc., basically the same as the pilot coal (10), {circle around (3)} long flame, full combustion needs as much water gasification of fixed carbon as possible, so the total moisture inside and outside the molecule when it enters the furnace to maintain a quality ratio of 5-8% is good, and put water vapor in the ash collection tank to maintain continuous and stable water gasification of fixed carbon; (11) {circle around (1)} the total area of ventilation holes of formed coal, compared with the current burning anthracite coal type, is expanded by more than 10%, or even 25-30%, which is adjusted according to the product usage and fuel composition, in order to meet the demand of high oxygen consumption for rapid combustion of high volatile fuels, and to expand the ventilation holes mainly in the central part of the cross-section, which can be directly derived from the attached FIG. 2, the area of the inner circle ventilation holes (13) is 30% larger than that of the outer circle ventilation holes (12), {circle around (2)} when stacking multiple combination units laterally in a larger chamber, the distance between the combination units in the central part is 2-3 mm larger than the surrounding units, {circle around (3)} the area of the main air inlet cum ash outlet (5) in the lower part of the stove stove is 5-20% larger than the area of the ventilation holes of the existing smokeless briquette burning stove stove, and the higher and more the combined unit, the closer it is to 20%, {circle around (4)} industrial stove installation into the air volume automatic control system, to ensure that the combustion process out of the flame is always oxidation flame form, the excess oxygen supply coefficient 5-10% is more moderate, with these four measures to increase the amount of oxygen supply, which is one of the conditions of no blower, no high chimney to achieve full combustion; (12) the whole or large combustion chamber (7) of the furnace core (2) plus the pilot coal (10) corresponding to the height part, and the fire gathering board (6) are matched with the type coal, {circle around (1)} white and light-colored materials with high magnesium and low transitional element composition, which emphasize heat preservation and fire resistance are used for modular production, the inner wall of the two should maintain a certain degree of smoothness to facilitate the reflection of light and heat, which is necessary for the cold weather ignition on small miniature cold stove stoves, and to assist in the rapid formation of a large combustion chamber after ignition (7) high temperature zone, {circle around (2)} the overall alkaline core (2) can avoid bonding alkaline slag, and the volume of the large combustion chamber (7) is suitable for the volume of a lower coal (9), which is a suitable space necessary to achieve full combustion of gas; (13) the coal pile combination structure and combustion method is—{circle around (1)} each combination unit from the top to the bottom: one of the straw charcoal grille (11), one squeezed into the ignition paste or ignition cake (8), one pilot coal (10), the lower coal (9) 1-3, the larger chamber can be stacked horizontally arbitrary multiple combination units; {circle around (2)} after the coal pile is placed into the furnace core (2), cover the fire gathering board (6), throw into the burning a few centimeters of paper strips or first throw the paper strips and then cover the fire gathering board (6), immediately began to zero smoke, orderly, long flame, full combustion, a few minutes to ten minutes, visible pilot coal (10) top red hot coal layer obviously down, clean combustion process can be consolidated (14) the full combustion process of the pilot coal (10) and the lower coal (9) is burned first by the agricultural and forestry waste particles, other volatile components and nanoscale carbon in turn, at this time the red hot coal layer has a considerable number of microporous as a fixed carbon micro coal gasification reaction generator and combustion chamber, increasing the amount of gasification combustion, which is conducive to increasing the long flame combustion period; the gas continues to burn through the red hot coal seam as the ventilation holes (12) and (13) of the small combustion chamber; then through the large combustion chamber (7) to complete the full combustion; and finally in the main torch with the secondary air intake to supplement the combustion, through this 4-stage continuous combustion to achieve full combustion.

2. Item (iii) according to claim 1, characterized by the technical principle that: {circle around (1)} the low carbon atomic number of mixed alcohols includes 2-9 carbon atoms in general, with no restrictions on the structural isomerism of the carbon chain, the number of alcohol hydroxyl groups and the unclear properties; also include the use of ethanol alone with or without water, the use of isopropyl alcohol alone with or without water formulations, methanol, although similar technical effects and lower cost, can also be included, but because of its highly toxic, not advocated by the simple small micro-stoves customers use; these low carbon atomic number mixed alcohol molecules screened by the system have been initially oxidized compared to hydrocarbons with the same carbon chain structure, so they can achieve full combustion with zero smoke from the moment of ignition, {circle around (2)} the main consideration when formulating: the flash point, ignition point, melting point, volatility of various raw alcohols, there should be a gradient, in order to produce ignition paste and ignition cake (8) in the ignition of the combustion life of 2-3 minutes, to produce some recurring combustion effect, to extend the relatively high cost of the ignition agent is extremely valuable long flame combustion time, in order to quickly in the large combustion chamber (7) to produce 400-800° C. heat radiation and ignite the pilot coal (10), {circle around (3)} ignition paste and ignition cake (8) chemical composition have both hydrophilic and oleophilic properties, which is consistent with the pilot coal (10) and straw charcoal grille (11) performance, ignition gel soon melted due to heat, part of its upper straw charcoal grille (11) and the lower pilot coal (10) microporous adsorption at the same time, soon appear three-dimensional combustion, long flame combustion good situation, the formation of a large combustion chamber (7) high temperature area, so that the pilot coal (10) can be smooth and reliable zero smoke state ignition and rapid ignition long flame, therefore, the gel can completely replace the existing types of oxidizer on the ignition and make it industrially practical.

3. The remaining features of the ignition paste according to claim 1, item (iii), are: {circle around (1)} suitable for large size such as side length 25 cm column coal block, the number of combined units greater than 4 larger stoves, especially for continuous use, the chamber temperature such as chain grate boiler, its consumption can be significantly reduced, ignition costs reduced, but also to avoid the inconvenience of ignition cake (8) is too thin and easy to break, {circle around (2)} cold season cold stove ignition, can be squeezed into the ignition paste pilot coal (10) surface, immediately put on the straw charcoal grille (11) and then ignite, to ensure success on the ignition.

4. According to item (iii) of claim 1, characterized by: an example formulation of ignition paste (i.e. without limiting the type of raw materials and proportional parameters of the formulation only in this range) is—component a, isopropyl alcohol 46%, b, ethanol 20%, c, ethylene glycol 5%, d, calcium oleate 3%, e, magnesium oleate 1%, f, calcium stearate 3%, g, magnesium stearate 1%, h, water 21%, the main points of the production process (and not limited to its process parameters only) are—in 0.5 cubic meters of porcelain-jacketed anchor stirring reaction kettle, put a b c, turn on the stirrer, low speed, turn on the jacket steam slowly to 60° C., while gradually adding gelling agent d ef g in stages, to be completely dissolved into the paste agent after dissolving, slowly add the combustion rate inhibitor and gelling temperature and speed regulator h, turn off the steam, take a sample to test, paste point control is 46±2° C. in North China and 35±2° C. in Northeast China, continue to stir under alternate cooling-heating, keep at 55-60° C. and fill into 200-500 grams of PVC toothpaste tubes, screw cap sealing, natural cooling to normal temperature, 10 kg corrugated carton packaging into storage.

5. The remaining features of the ignition cake (8) according to item (iii) of claim 1 are: {circle around (1)} mainly applicable to the combination of the number of units below 4 small micro-stove, generally control for 4-5 mm thickness to meet the ignition requirements, straw charcoal grille (11) is added for auxiliary ignition, {circle around (2)} an example formula (i.e., without limiting the type of raw materials and proportion parameters of the formula only in this range) is—a, isopropyl alcohol 46%, b, ethanol 20%, c, ethylene glycol 5%, d, water 20%, e, sodium stearate 5%, f, magnesium stearate 3%, g, slaked lime 1%, {circle around (3)} the main points of the production process (and not limited to this) are—in the production of ignition paste in the same equipment, put a, b, c, turn on the lowest stirrer, turn on the jacket steam slowly rise in temperature, while adding gelling agent e, fin stages, the kettle material temperature to 60° C., reduce steam, after the liquid is almost transparent, slowly add the combustion speed inhibitor and gelation temperature speed regulator d, and finally sprinkle the supplementary hardener g, and allow the temperature to rise to 70° C., and take samples to determine the gelation temperature, which should be higher than 40° C.; keep the casting liquid at 50-60° C., cool to below 35° C., then demold and slice; use the least permeable polyvinyl acetate (cellophane) film bag among the common plastic films to encapsulate a single piece, and then set a polyethylene ultra-thin bag for every 10 pieces, and finally pack into a 5 kg corrugated carton for storage; it should be noted that the casting discharge pipe and pipe fittings must be well insulated to prevent condensation; the maximum allowable temperature of logistics is 38° C.; the production, logistics and use processes must comply with fire regulations.

6. A straw charcoal grille (11) according to item (iii) of claim 1 or characterized by: {circle around (1)} particularly suitable for use in combination with ignition cakes (8) or ignition paste to improve ignition reliability and reduce ignition costs when igniting small micro-stoves in cold weather, {circle around (2)} the main points of one formula and production process (i.e. not limited to this formula and process parameters) are as follows—add 100 kg of complete carbonized product of straw or other agricultural and forestry wastes with 10 mesh sieve, 15-20% of potassium water glass with a concentration of more than 2.8 modules, 6% of complete carbonized product in dry basis, and 3 kg of cooked lime powder to the mixing machine. and 3 kg of cooked lime powder, mix well and transfer into hydraulic molding machine to mold into straw charcoal grille (11), dry at 60° C. or below with large ventilation, and then pack into storage with ultra-thin plastic bags and corrugated cartons at two levels.

7. The pilot coal (10) according to claim 1, the remainder being characterized by: as an important lump of coal between the ignition paste and cake and the lower coal (9), the design of each group into a better state of assignment is further disclosed in substance, as well as {circle around (1)} the ignition point of each fuel component has a suitable gradient from low to high, mainly referring to agricultural and forestry waste, industrial waste wax, lost wax casting waste wax and waste stearic acid, waste polyolefin plastic, lignite, bituminous coal, coke surface, {circle around (2)} each component must also have a suitable particle size distribution according to the fineness, the particle size from small to large coke surface, bituminous coal, lignite, waste polyolefin plastic, agricultural and forestry waste particles, {circle around (3)} each component itself also has a reasonable particle size distribution, such as coke surface 80 mesh sieve all through, bituminous coal 30 mesh sieve all through, lignite 20 mesh sieve all through, all contain part of nano, micron particles; waste polyolefin plastic not less than 2 mm, containing a small amount of fine particles; agricultural and forestry waste particles less than 3 mm, containing a large number of fine powder, {circle around (4)} using potassium hydroxide liquid saponification of large-molecule organic acids, mainly refers to lignite, weathered coal, humic acid in grass peat (peat), fatty acids such as stearic acid in waste grease, rosin acid and longitudinal acid in larch; waste wax waste oil and emulsion generated by boiling saponification, mainly adsorbed by alkali cellulose particles formed by boiling agricultural and forestry waste particles, partly adsorbed by coal powder, large-molecule organic acid calcium salt and a small amount of potassium sodium salt with Large molecules of hydrocarbons, into a self-produced cheap coal powder organic binder, covering almost every coal powder particles, so that the coal cold and heat strength enough to meet the logistics and use requirements, and to reduce the ash content of coal, improve its formula calorific value, slow down the storage period calorific value reduction (drop card) is beneficial, {circle around (5)} the high volatile content of the formula refers to the volatile content of fossil fuels such as bituminous coal and lignite, plus the mass content of agricultural and forestry waste, waste plastics, and other large organic matter; the mass content of calcium potassium and sodium salts of large organic acids to meet the mechanical strength requirements of coal in the wet, hot and cold states is 8-12% of the pilot coal (10) moderately.

8. According to claim 1, the formula (it is not limited to the range of formula and process parameters), production process and packing points of a 100 mm small diameter column pilot coal (10) for heating, water boiling and medium to low temperature heating are shown below, {circle around (1)} dosing in dry base 200 g/pc, heat (5000-5300)×4.1868 kJ/kg is more appropriate, divided into two layers, two additions, one hydraulic molding, {circle around (2)} the recipe for each batch of 200 kg of product (containing 2-3% moisture down the line) (lower ingredient data in parentheses) is—a, pine sawdust 20 kg (15 kg) b, peanut shell powder 5 kg (9 kg) c, larch resin 9 kg (4.5 kg) d, lost wax casting waste wax waste stearic acid 9 kg (4.5 kg) e, potassium hydroxide 3.2 kg (1.6 kg) f, bituminous coal, low level heat 6000×4.1868 kJ/kg, volatile content 35%, 60 mesh screen all over 18 kg and 25 mesh screen all over 30 kg (heat grade as before, 25 mesh screen all over, 65.85 kg) g, calcium oxide powder 3.5 kg (5 kg), j, pigment iron red 0.3 kg (0.35 kg) h, 40% potassium water glass 5 kg (8 kg) i, water 40 kg (35 kg), {circle around (3)} the main points of the production process—in an open flat-bottomed iron pot with paddle stirrer add water, potassium water glass, larch, lost wax casting waste wax (containing a large proportion of waste stearic acid), heated to a boil and maintained for about 15 minutes, fishing out twigs leaves stones and other debris, put while filtering the saponification solution into the kneading pot with agricultural and forestry waste debris has been added, after 15-20 minutes of heat preservation and kneading, add the coal powder that has been evenly mixed with iron red and cooked lime, and potassium water glass to continue kneading for 10 minutes and then pushed to the hopper of hydraulic molding machine No. 1, this is the upper layer of the pilot coal (10); the other identical system is equipped with the lower layer of the pilot coal (10), which is pushed to the hopper of the hydraulic forming machine No. 2; turn on the hydraulic molding machine, push the calculated amount of No. 1 material and No. 2 material into the mold barrel in turn while it is hot, compress and shape at one time, and then transfer into the large low temperature large air extraction drying room while it is hot, dry the pilot coal (10) at 60° C. until the moisture is less than 5%, generally controlled at 2-3%, remove it, cool it naturally to below 35 degrees Celsius, then pack each pilot coal (10) in a thin polyethylene plastic bag and put it into a corrugated carton for storage, forming pressure is carefully adjusted according to product varieties and specifications, and the mechanical strength of the product in wet, hot and cold states, in order to meet the normal production, logistics and use process is not easy to break, to maintain the appropriate fluffiness, which is conducive to the ignition stage of rapid temperature rise and fixed carbon gasification reaction.

9. The remaining characteristic of the lower coal (9) according to claim 1 is that: {circle around (1)} after the formation of its upper end of the high-temperature area, it is easy to smoothly catch fire without risk, so the formula is very flexible, and the focus has shifted to the selection of inexpensive raw materials, {circle around (2)} example of a heating, heating products and production processes (its varieties, formulations, process parameters are by no means limited to this range) the main points are as follows: product design heat 4000×4.1868 kJ/kg, volatile content 40%—straw crushed grain 10%, pine sawdust 10%, polyolefin waste plastic crushed grain 5%, 20% potassium water glass 8%, bituminous coal powder (5500×4.1868 kJ/kg, volatile content 30%) 68%, calcium oxide powder according to equivalent, using 3 times the sulfur equivalent, pigment iron red 0.5%, water 5%, {circle around (3)} the fineness of 25 mesh bituminous coal powder, and moderate size of straw crushed particles, pine sawdust, polyolefin waste plastic crushed particles, measured into the mixer, after about 10 minutes of mixing, and then add measured calcium oxide powder and pigment iron red (has been 10 times the weight of coal powder, straw crushed particles and pine sawdust primary mix), continue to mix for a few minutes, spray into the bonding agent potassium water glass liquid, control the total moisture of the formula 6-8%, and then mixed A few minutes, moved into the hydraulic molding machine hopper, with greater than the pilot coal (10) molding pressure of 20-30% of the pressure molding, not dry, off the line directly into the warehouse, into the furnace use, the ash collection tank at the bottom of the furnace set box of water, heat evaporation of rising water is very favorable to the coal type fixed carbon gasification reaction.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] FIG. 1 shows the product of the invention takes the most difficult small size coal block and the supporting stove, which is the most difficult to achieve “upward ignition and downward combustion”, as an example, to explain its combustion mechanism, it is the main drawing and also selected as the summary drawing;

[0066] FIG. 2 is the top view of the combination of the ignition cake (8) (with round pattern) and the top-mounted straw charcoal grille (11) (with bar pattern), and A-A section view showing straw charcoal grate fire cross channel (14) whose position and size may be adjustable neatly and safely.

[0067] In FIGS. 1 and 2, the names of the icons are as follows.

[0068] 1, furnace wall 2, furnace core 3, insulation layer 4, secondary air inlet duct 5, main air inlet and ash outlet 6, poly fire plate 7, large combustion chamber 8, ignition cake 9, lower coal 10, pilot coal 11, straw charcoal grate 12, outer ring ventilation hole 13, inner ring ventilation hole 14, straw charcoal grate fire cross channel 15, cast iron grate.

[0069] The technical parameters of the formulations and production processes illustrated in each specific implementation cannot be limited to this range only. (1) An exemplary formulation of an ignition paste is as follows: a, isopropyl alcohol 46%, b, ethanol 20%, c, ethylene glycol 5%, d, calcium oleate 3%, e, magnesium oleate 1%, f, calcium stearate 3%, g, magnesium stearate 1%, h, water 21%.

[0070] The production process is as follows: in 0.5 cubic meters of porcelain enamel jacketed anchor stirring reaction kettle, put a b c, turn on the stirrer, low speed, turn on the jacket steam slowly to 60° C., while gradually adding gelling agent de fg in stages, and finally slowly adding combustion rate inhibitor and gelling temperature speed regulator h. Sample testing, into the paste point 46±2° C. that is qualified, keep at 55-60° C. into 200-500 grams of PVC toothpaste tube, screw cap sealing, natural cooling to normal micro temperature, 10 kg corrugated carton packaging.

[0071] Because this ignition paste is a flammable product, so the layout and construction of the workshop, laboratory test and inspection room and storage room, workshop equipment and various wiring installation, personnel training, etc., all in accordance with the strict implementation of fire codes, the following ignition cake (8), the same as this.

[0072] (2) An example of an ignition cake (8) is formulated as follows: a, isopropyl alcohol 46%, b, ethanol 20%, c, ethylene glycol 5%, d, water 20%, e, sodium stearate 5%, f, magnesium stearate 3%, g, calcium oxide fine powder 1%.

[0073] The production process is as follows: in the same equipment as the production of ignition paste, put a, b, c, open the lowest stirrer, turn on the jacket steam to slowly increase the temperature, while adding gelling agent e, f, the kettle material temperature to 60° C., turn off the steam, to be almost transparent liquid, slowly add combustion rate inhibitor cum gelling temperature speed regulator d, and finally sprinkle into the supplemental hardener g, and allow the temperature to rise to 70° C. Take a sample to determine the gelation temperature, it should be higher than 40° C.; keep 50-60° C., start casting, after casting, spray cold water to the outer wall of the mold cylinder, after the material temperature inside the cylinder drops to below 35° C., take off the mold and slice. Use the least permeable polyacetate (cellophane) film bag among common plastic films to encapsulate single piece, and then pack in 5 kg plastic drum or thin tin drum for storage. It is necessary to pay attention to the casting discharge pipe and pipe fittings, both must be well insulated to prevent condensation blockage. The maximum allowable temperature for logistics is 38° C.

[0074] (3), an example recipe and production process of straw charcoal grille (11) are as follows: add 100 kg of straw or pine or fir or sisal wood completely carbonized product with 10 mesh sieve to the mixing machine, and 15-20% concentration of potassium water-glass above 2.8 modules, the quantity is 6% of carbonized product in dry basis, and 3 kg of calcium oxide fine powder, mix well and transfer into the hopper of the molding machine, and mold into this machine. The straw charcoal grille (11) shown in the attached FIG. 2 of the instruction manual, placed in a well-ventilated simple warehouse type workshop for natural drying, and then packed into the warehouse in two levels of ultra-thin plastic bags and corrugated cartons.

[0075] (4), an example recipe and production process for a pilot coal (10) is as follows: The above proposed 100 mm diameter, 200 g dry basis, heat content (5000-5300)×4.1868 kJ/kg pilot coal (10) is used as an example, and its double-layer material recipe and production process are as follows (the first part of the parameter is the amount of the upper-layer material recipe, and the parameter in parentheses is the amount of the lower-layer material recipe).

[0076] a, Pine sawdust 20 kg (15 kg) b, Peanut shell powder 5 kg (9 kg) c, Larch 9 kg (4.5 kg) d, Lost wax casting waste wax 9 kg (4.5 kg) e, Potassium hydroxide 3.2 kg (1.6 kg) f, Bituminous coal, 6000×4.1868 kJ/kg, 35% volatility, 60 mesh full pass 18 kg kg, 25 mesh all over 30 kg (same grade as before, 25 mesh all over, 65.85 kg) g, calcium oxide fine powder 3.5 kg (5 kg) h, 40% potassium water glass 5 kg (8 kg) i, water 40 kg (35 kg) j, pigment iron red 0.3 kg (0.35 kg).

[0077] Above a demonstration stove for boiling water in a small enterprise using nine 100 mm diameter coal piles of the product of the invention, an iron pot with an open flat bottom and a paddle stirrer is placed, i is added, the fire is heated up, the lowest speed stirring is turned on, e and c are added, branches, leaves, insects, stones and other debris in c are selected by hand, and d is added; when the temperature in the pot is close to the boiling point, the dissolving and emulsifying operation should be completed. Open the bottom side of the pot orifice laid with filter wire mesh discharge tube valve, while hot filter out the emulsion, let it flow to the kneading pot with steam heating jacket, the pot has been added a b; put material after, open the kneading and steam to a b completely wet, close the kneading, insulation 15-20 minutes; add prior to have been in the dry mixer with a uniform f g h j, kneading 15-20 minutes, until the material is completely mixed; push the kneading material to the hydraulic molding machine No. 1 hopper, this is the upper part of the pilot coal (10) material. Another set of the same system is equipped with the lower part of the pilot coal (10), which is pushed to the hopper of the hydraulic molding machine No. 2. When the hydraulic molding machine is turned on, an equal amount of No. 1 and No. 2 materials are pushed into the mold barrel in turn while it is hot, compressed and formed at one time, and then transferred into a large low-temperature air-drying room while it is hot, where the pilot coal (10) is dried at 60° C. until the moisture is less than 5%, and then moved out to the natural cooling section of the workshop together with the railcar, and when the temperature is lowered to below 35° C., each pilot coal (10) is packed into an ultra-thin polyethylene plastic bag and then packed into corrugated carton into storage. Forming pressure according to product varieties, specifications, carefully adjusted to maintain the appropriate crispness, conducive to the ignition stage of rapid temperature rise and fixed carbon gasification reaction, the pursuit of high mechanical strength is not appropriate. The aforementioned formula, there is enough adhesion, adjust the molding pressure, the mechanical strength of the product wet, cold and hot state can adapt to the production, normal logistics operations and use.

[0078] (5) Lower Coal (9)

[0079] Lower coal (9) has been formed at the upper end of the high temperature zone, easy to smoothly catch fire, the formula is more flexible, and its focus has shifted to the use of cheap raw materials, but still must pay attention to the reasonable state of its components and particle size gradient distribution, so that the long flame combustion period as long as possible; into the furnace with 10-15% moisture is very favorable to the fixed carbon coal gasification reaction (in addition, water can be stored in the slag collection tank below it to continuously produce water vapor).

[0080] A heating supplies example formula and production process points are as follows: a, straw crushed particles 10% b, pine sawdust 10% c, 20% potassium water glass 8% d, bituminous coal powder (5500×4.1868 kJ/kg, 30% volatile content, sulfur 2.5% or less can be) 68% e, calcium oxide fine powder according to the equivalent, using 3 times the sulfur equivalent f, pigment iron red 0.5% g, polyolefin waste plastic fragments 5% h, water 5%.

[0081] The d having fineness 25, and moderate particle size a, b, g, measured into the mixer, after about 10 minutes of mixing, and then add already 10 times the weight of d, a and b prior to the initial mixing of e and f, continue to mix for a few minutes, spray in c, and then mixed for a few minutes, moved into the hydraulic molding machine hopper, with greater pressure molding, down the line into storage, and let it dry naturally into storage.

[0082] The formulas and manufacturing processes exemplified in the specific embodiments are intended only to further illustrate the content of the invention, but are not limited to it, and are included in the scope of the invention as long as the following technical elements are used in the “top ignition, downward burning” forming fuel: 1, where low carbon atomic number alcohol gel paste and cake (8) are used as ignition agents, and where straw charcoal and other plant charcoal grids are used as auxiliary ignition agents, regardless of their formulation, production process and packaging form adjustments; 2, pilot coal (10) formula and molding process, as long as a, the use of 30-40%-50% high volatile ingredients b, each fuel component ignition point and particle size are arranged in a gradient to facilitate orderly sequential combustion c, with lignite and other materials containing large molecules of organic acids after partial saponification, emulsification (and potassium hydroxide and other neutralization reaction), and potassium hydroxide, calcium oxide fine powder, grass ash and other alkaline boiled agricultural and forestry waste particles, together constitute a fuel and bonding agent, regardless of its formula, production process and packaging form how to adjust; 3, commercial ferric oxide with a particle size of 50 nm or less containing at least 10% of ferric oxide is used to catalyze the re-burning of part of the fixed carbon in the coal component after gasification in the micro-pores and ventilation holes of the red-hot coal seam to facilitate the extension of the long-flame burning time; 4, the furnace core (2) at least in the pilot coal (10) bottom to the bottom of the fire gathering board (6) height, as well as the fire gathering board (6) itself, the use of better insulation properties containing high magnesium, low transition elements of light-colored, alkaline refractory material made of; 5, the total area of the air inlet of the stove and the ventilation hole of the coal block is enlarged by 10-20-30% compared with the original one made of anthracite coal, and the diameter of the ventilation hole of the inner ring (13) is larger than that of the ventilation hole of the outer ring (12); 6, the raw materials are tested to be free of excessive radioactive elements, free of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, thallium and beryllium, free of halogens, more sulfur and nitrogen, and other toxic and harmful substances, and thus the burning of burnt slag containing mainly potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, silicon, sulfur and other elements and used as fertilizer; 7, all kinds of combustible solids and semi-solids, including their low-value waste, can be used as formula fuels in accordance with the method described in this specification to achieve efficient and clean combustion, so they are included in the content of the present invention.