CENTRALIZED CLOUD ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM AND TRANSACTION SETTLEMENT METHOD THEREOF, STORAGE MEDIUM, AND TERMINAL

Abstract

Disclosed is a centralized cloud energy storage system for massive and distributed users and a transaction settlement method thereof, a storage medium, and a terminal. The system includes: a centralized energy storage facility invested and operated by a cloud energy storage service provider; the massive and distributed users; and a power network and a user energy management system connecting the centralized energy storage facility with the massive and distributed users. A user sends a charging and discharging request to the cloud energy storage service provider through the user energy management system, and the cloud energy storage service provider issues a charging and discharging instruction to the centralized cloud energy storage system.

Claims

1. A centralized cloud energy storage system for massive and distributed users, comprising: a centralized energy storage facility invested and operated by a cloud energy storage service provider; the massive and distributed users; and a power network and a user energy management system connecting the centralized energy storage facility with the massive and distributed users, wherein a user sends a charging and discharging request to the cloud energy storage service provider through the user energy management system, and the cloud energy storage service provider issues a charging and discharging instruction to the centralized cloud energy storage system.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the centralized energy storage facility comprises a combined energy storage facility comprising any one or more of: a lead-acid battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel chloride battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a lithium-ion battery, a zinc-bromine battery, a flow battery, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, thermal energy storage, a zinc-air battery, supercapacitor energy storage, and superconducting magnetic energy storage.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the cloud energy storage service provider utilizes complementarity and non-simultaneity of charging and discharging requirements among the massive and distributed users to achieve energy capacity and power capacity of an energy storage facility invested and constructed by the cloud energy storage service provider being respectively lower than a sum of energy capacity requirements and a sum of power capacity requirements of all distributed users in the centralized cloud energy storage system.

4. A transaction settlement method based on the centralized cloud energy storage system of claim 1, comprising: providing, by the cloud energy storage service provider, the user with a cloud energy storage service, and setting, by the cloud energy storage service provider, a service fee per unit power capacity of the cloud energy storage service used by the user, a service fee per unit energy capacity, an initial state of charge of the cloud energy storage service, a minimum state of charge, a self-discharge rate, a charging efficiency, and a discharging efficiency, in a range of sets of time; determining, by the user, to purchase the cloud energy storage service from the cloud energy storage service provider depending on his/her own actual situation to obtain a corresponding power capacity and energy capacity; deciding, by the user on his/her own, a charging power demand and a discharging power demand in a time period of t and a power of charging using local distributed energy sources, and sending, by the user on his/her own, a request to the cloud energy storage service provider; deciding, by the cloud energy storage service provider, a charging power and a discharging power in the time period of t of a k-th type of energy storage facility invested and operated by the cloud energy storage service provider based on information collected by the cloud energy storage service provider, and issuing, by the cloud energy storage service provider, instructions for a charging power and a discharging power to the centralized energy storage facility; and conducting, by the cloud energy storage service provider, a settlement of an operating expense with the user and the power grid.

5. The transaction settlement method of claim 4, wherein the settlement of the operating expense comprises: an electricity fee that the cloud energy storage service provider pays to the power grid when obtaining electricity from the power grid, an electricity fee paid by the power grid to the cloud energy storage service provider when the cloud energy storage service provider returns power to the power grid, a wheeling fee of a power transmission and distribution network that the cloud energy storage service provider pays to the power grid when carrying out the cloud energy storage service, and an electricity fee that a cloud energy storage user pays to the power grid when obtaining electricity from the power grid.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program instruction stored thereon, the computer program instruction being adapted to be loaded by a processor and implement the transaction settlement method of claim 4.

7. A mobile terminal, comprising a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to execute a program stored in the memory to implement the transaction settlement method of claim 4.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0023] Embodiments will be described in detail below.

[0024] Embodiments specifically involve N=4 distributed users, constituting a set S.sup.CES of cloud energy storage users participating in a cloud energy storage system. Operations of the system include the following steps.

[0025] 1) A cloud energy storage service provider invests in an energy storage facility and sells a cloud energy storage service to the cloud energy storage users.

[0026] 1.1) A commodity sold by the cloud energy storage service provider to the energy storage users is the cloud energy storage service. A service fee β.sup.P of unit power capacity of the cloud energy storage service used by the cloud energy storage users within a set T of time (T includes three periods of time) is set to 420 Yuan/kW. A service fee β.sup.E per unit energy capacity is 1,260 Yuan/kWh. An initial state of charge SOC.sub.0 of the cloud energy storage service is 0.2. A minimum state of charge SOC.sup.Min is 0.1. A self-discharge rate S is 10.sup.−8. A charging efficiency η.sup.C is 0.96. A discharging efficiency η.sup.D is 0.96.

[0027] 1.2) A cloud energy storage user i, i∈S.sup.CES decides to purchase the cloud energy storage service from the cloud energy storage service provider, according to his/her own actual situation. A power capacity of the obtained cloud energy storage service is p.sub.i.sup.Cap and an energy capacity is e.sub.i.sup.Cap.

[0028] A specific setting in this embodiment is:

[00001]$\left(p_i^{\mathrm{Cap}}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c}3\\ 5\\ 7\\ 9\end{array}\right).Math.\mathrm{kW},\left(e_i^{\mathrm{Cap}}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c}1\\ 2\\ 3\\ 5\end{array}\right).Math.\mathrm{kWh}.$

[0029] 1.3) One or more types of centralized energy storage facilities invested and constructed by the cloud energy storage service provider constitute a set of centralized energy storage facilities K. A power capacity of a k-th type of centralized energy storage facility is P.sub.k.sup.Cap, and an energy capacity is E.sub.k.sup.Cap, where k∈K. In this embodiment, a specific setting is that the cloud energy storage service provider invests in and constructs one type of centralized energy storage facility, which has a power capacity P.sub.k.sup.Cap of 33 kW and an energy capacity E.sub.k.sup.Cap of 11 kWh.

[0030] 2) The cloud energy storage user uses the cloud energy storage service through a user energy management system.

[0031] 2.1) A charging power demand p.sub.i,t.sup.C and a discharging power demand p.sub.i,t.sup.D in a time period of t decided by the cloud energy storage user i on his/her own, as well as a power p.sub.i,t.sup.C,DC of charging using local distributed energy sources need to meet:

[00002]$\{\begin{array}{c}{p}_{i,t}^C.Math.p_{i,t}^D=0.Math.\\ p_{i,t}^C,p_{i,t}^D,p_{i,t}^{C,\mathrm{DG}}\ge 0.Math.\\ p_{i,t}^C\le \min .Math.\left\{p_i^{\mathrm{Cap}},\frac{e_i^{\mathrm{Cap}}-\left(1-s\right).Math.e_{i,t-1}}{\Delta .Math..Math.t.Math..Math.{\eta }^C}\right\}.Math.\\ p_{i,t}^D\le \max .Math.\left\{0,\min .Math.\left\{p_i^{\mathrm{Cap}},\frac{{\eta }^D\left[\left(1-s\right).Math.e_{i,t-1}-{\mathrm{soc}}^{\mathrm{Min}}.Math.e_i^{\mathrm{Cap}}\right]}{\Delta .Math..Math.t}\right\}\right\}\\ p_{i,t}^{C,\mathrm{DG}}\le \min .Math.\left\{p_{i,t}^{\mathrm{DG}},p_{i,t}^C\right\}.Math.\end{array},$

[0032] where Δt denotes a time interval of each time period and is set to 15 minutes, p.sub.i,t.sup.DG denotes a generation power of the local distributed energy sources of the cloud energy storage user i in the time period of t, and e.sub.i,t denotes an electric quantity of the cloud energy storage service of the cloud energy storage user i at the end of the time period of t.

[0033] In this embodiment, p.sub.i,t.sup.C, p.sub.i,t.sup.D and p.sub.i,t.sup.C,DC are specifically set as:

[00003]$\left(p_{i,t}^C\right)=\left(\begin{array}{ccc}1& 0.5& 0\\ 2& 0& 1\\ 3& 2& 0\\ 5& 4& 0\end{array}\right).Math.\mathrm{kW},\left(p_{i,t}^D\right)=\left(\begin{array}{ccc}0& 0& 1\\ 0& 1& 0\\ 0& 0& 2.5\\ 0& 0& 9\end{array}\right).Math.\mathrm{kW},\left(p_{i,t}^{C,\mathrm{DG}}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{ccc}0& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\\ 0& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 0\end{array}\right).Math.\mathrm{kW}.$

[0034] 2.2) The cloud energy storage user i sends p.sub.i,t.sup.C, p.sub.i,t.sup.D and p.sub.i,t.sup.C,DC to the cloud energy storage service provider through the user energy management system.

[0035] 3) The cloud energy storage service provider decides and executes an operation strategy.

[0036] 3.1) The cloud energy storage service provider decides, based on information collected by the cloud energy storage service provider, a charging power P.sub.k,t.sup.C and a discharging power P.sub.k,t.sup.D in the time period of t of the k-th type of energy storage facility that the cloud energy storage service provider invests in and operates.

[0037] In this embodiment, P.sub.k,t.sup.C and P.sub.k,t.sup.D are specifically set as

(P.sub.k,t.sup.C=(11 5.5 0) kW and (P.sub.k,t.sup.D)=(0 0 11.5) kW.

[0038] 3.2) The cloud energy storage service provider issues instructions for the charging power P.sub.k,t.sup.C and discharging power P.sub.k,t.sup.D to the centralized energy storage facility through an energy management system of the cloud energy storage service provider.

[0039] 4) The cloud energy storage service provider conducts a settlement of an operating expense with the user and a power grid.

[0040] 4.1) An operating expense C.sup.O paid by the cloud energy storage service provider to the power grid may be obtained through a formula as:

[00004]$C^O=\underset{t\in T}{.Math.}.Math.\Delta .Math..Math.t\left[{{\lambda }_t\left(\underset{k\in K}{.Math.}.Math.P_{k,t}^C-\underset{k\in K}{.Math.}.Math.P_{k,t}^D+\underset{i\in S^{\mathrm{CES}}}{.Math.}.Math.p_{i,t}^D\right)}^{+}+{{\theta }_t\left(\underset{k\in K}{.Math.}.Math.P_{k,t}^C-\underset{k\in K}{.Math.}.Math.P_{k,t}^D+\underset{i\in S^{\mathrm{CES}}}{.Math.}.Math.p_{i,t}^D\right)}^{-}\right]+\Delta .Math..Math.C,$

where (.Math.).sup.+ and (.Math.).sup.− are respectively defined as taking a positive part and a negative part in parentheses, namely:

[00005]${\left(x\right)}^{+}=\{\begin{array}{c}x,x\ge 0\\ 0,x<0\end{array}.Math..Math.{\left(x\right)}^{-}=\{\begin{array}{c}x,x\le 0\\ 0,x>0\end{array}.$

[0041] λ.sub.t denotes an electricity fee that the cloud energy storage service provider pays to the power grid when obtaining electricity from the power grid in the time period of t, θ.sub.t denotes an electricity fee paid by the power grid to the cloud energy storage service provider when the cloud energy storage service provider returns power to the power grid in the time period of t, and ΔC denotes a wheeling fee of a power transmission and distribution network that the cloud energy storage service provider pays to the power grid when carrying out the cloud energy storage service.

[0042] In this embodiment, it is specifically set that θ.sub.t=0, ΔC=0, and (λ.sub.t)=(1 1.2 1.5) Yuan/kWh,

[0043] After calculation, C.sup.O=5.075 Yuan.

[0044] 4.2) The user pays an operating expense c.sub.i.sup.C,CES to the cloud energy storage service provider, and the operating expense may be obtained through a formula as:

[00006]$c_i^{C,\mathrm{CES}}=\underset{t\in T}{.Math.}.Math.{\lambda }_{i,t}\left(p_{i,t}^C-p_{i,t}^{C,\mathrm{DG}}\right).Math.\Delta .Math..Math.t,$

where λ.sub.i,t denotes an electricity fee that the cloud energy storage user pays to the power grid when obtaining electricity from the power grid during the time period of t, and may be specifically set as:

[00007]$\left({\lambda }_{i,t}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{ccc}1& 1.2& 1.5\\ 1& 1.2& 1.5\\ 1& 1.2& 1.5\\ 1& 1.2& 1.5\end{array}\right).Math.\mathrm{Yuan}.Math.\text{/}.Math.\mathrm{kWh}.$

[0045] After calculation, c.sub.i.sup.C,CES is

[00008]$\left(c_i^{C,\mathrm{CES}}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c}0.4\\ 0.5\\ 1.35\\ 2.45\end{array}\right).Math.\mathrm{Yuan}.$

[0046] The protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to this embodiment, and any change or replacement that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present disclosure should be covered by the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the attached claims.