Dry filter with enhanced separation output and convenient dimensions

Abstract

A dry filter 1 to be used in particular in underground mining and tunnel construction having a frame construction 17 into which the required part housings 25-28 can be inserted from the side. The required partition wall 8 is arranged so that an optimal large filtering surface is available both for the incoming raw gas and for the outflowing clean gas. Raw gas duct 5 and clean gas duct 6 run horizontally one above the other and are separated from each other by the sloping 8. This means that a very large filtering surface is available.

Claims

1. Dry filter apparatus adapted to separate dry (1) dust and other dispersible substances from industrial exhaust gases and from dust laden air in underground mine and tunnel construction, having a plurality of filter housings (2, 3) and wherein each filter housing includes a raw gas duct (5) a clean gas duct (6) and filter elements (9, 10, 11) connected to partition walls (8) and integrated with regard to the filter housing and a discharge unit (12) of filtered dust, and a ventilating fan (50) for transporting air, wherein the raw gas duct (5) and the clean gas duct (6) are arranged horizontally one above another in each filter housing (2, 3) and are separated by a partition wall (8) that runs through each filter housing and forms a part of each filter housing and is sloping upwards from a raw gas inlet (21) in the direction of a clean gas discharge (22) to a roof (23) of a first filter housing to a bottom of a last filter housing of each filter housing (2, 3), whereby each filter elements (9, 10, 11) are connected with the partition wall (8) and frame construction (17) of each filter housing (2, 3), wherein a bottom of the raw gas duct comprise a grating, and each filter housing comprise part housings connected together.

2. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the filter elements (9, 10, 11) form the partition wall (8).

3. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the raw gas duct (5) at the raw gas inlet (21) has a protective screen (38) that is a shape of a funnel in the direction of flow of the raw gas.

4. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the raw gas duct (5) has a bottom (47) comprising of light grid panels (48).

5. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the ventilating fan (50) is integrated into the clean gas duct (6) of the filter housing (2, 3).

6. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the filter elements (9, 10, 11) are connected with an outer wall (49) of the filter housing (2, 3) by a copper strand (52) bypassing an elastic sealing bead (51) and that a gas-impermeable elastic sealing bead is arranged between the filter housing (2, 3) and edges of the filter elements (9, 10, 11).

7. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein a raw gas duct floor area available for dust separation can be increased by 80-100% without enlargement of the filter housing (2, 3) and at the same time the air speed can be reduced by 40-50%.

8. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein two filter housings (2, 3) with a hopper (56) and without a partition wall are joined next to each other as a construction unit.

9. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the clean gas duct (6) is above and to a side of the raw gas duct (5).

10. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 9, wherein the raw gas inlet (21) and the clean gas discharge (22) are connected to are end panels (33, 34) of the first and the second filter housings (2, 3).

11. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the discharge unit (12) has an inverter (39) with a quick-release axle (40) that is supported in a sliding block (41) with graphite bearings.

12. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 11, wherein the discharge unit (12) has a chain scraper conveyor (42), whose carriers come briefly into contact with a scraper (44) assigned to the upper frame (43) of the inverter (39).

13. Dry filter forms apparatus in accordance with claim 12, wherein the chain scraper conveyor (42) is a pedestal (60) for the filter housing (2, 3).

14. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 11, wherein a retaining device (45) having a roller (46) is connected to the inverter (39).

15. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 11, wherein a funnel-shaped hopper (56) is formed between the discharge unit (12) and a bottom (47) of the raw gas duct (5) or the lower edge of the filter elements (9, 10, 11).

16. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the raw gas duct (5) and the clean gas duct are in both of a first filter housing and (6) second filter housing (3) and both of the first filter housing and the second filter housing are connected to each other via a free side frames (19, 20) of the frame construction (17).

17. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 16, wherein the first and second filter housings (2, 3) are composed of several part housings (25, 26, 27, 28) that are connected with each other or with the frame construction (17) of the filter housing (2, 3).

18. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 17, wherein the part housings (25, 26, 27, 28) are inserted into the filter housings (2, 3) from the side and fixable there.

19. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 17, wherein partial partition walls (8) are inserted and fixed in the frame construction (17) after the part housings (25, 26, 27, 28) have been inserted into the frame construction (17) of the filter housing (2, 3).

20. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 17, wherein the partition walls (8) consist of rotatable and height-adjustable sections connected to individual part housings (25, 26, 27, 28).

21. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 17, wherein the frame construction (17) of the first and of the second filter housings (2, 3) connect the end panels (33, 34) with the raw gas inlet (21) or the clean gas discharge (22) and with the part housings (25, 26, 27, 28).

22. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 16, wherein side frames (19, 19′) connected to the first filter housing (2) on both sides have screw holes (30) corresponding to screw holes (31) of the side frames (20) of the second filter housing (3).

23. Dry filter apparatus in accordance with claim 16, wherein the frame construction (17) of the first and second filter housings (2, 3) is connected to a third and fourth filter housings.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows a side view of the dry filter,

(2) FIG. 2 shows a top view onto the dry filter,

(3) FIG. 2a-2c shows layouts of a copper strand,

(4) FIG. 3 shows a rear view of the dry filter,

(5) FIG. 4 shows a front view of the raw gas discharge,

(6) FIG. 5 shows a view of the raw gas inlet in the direction of the clean gas discharge,

(7) FIG. 6 shows a perspective view with the partition wall running at a slant downwards in the direction of the clean gas discharge,

(8) FIG. 7 shows the raw gas inlet with protective screen,

(9) FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the inverter,

(10) FIG. 9 shows the section of the inverter into which the chain scraper conveyor (not shown) enters,

(11) FIG. 10 shows a part view of the inverter with retaining device,

(12) FIG. 11 shows a section of the raw gas duct with light grid,

(13) FIG. 12 shows a side view of the dust extractor with scratch conveyor,

(14) FIG. 13 shows a side view of the dust extractor with hopper,

(15) FIG. 14 shows a side view of the dust extractor with twin hopper and twin filter elements and

(16) FIG. 15 shows a side of the dust extractor with twin hopper and twin filter elements in several tiers and

(17) FIG. 16 shows a top view onto the floor of the raw gas and clean gas duct old and new types

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(18) In the dry filter 1 shown in FIG. 1, the first filter housing 2 and the second filter housing 3 are shown as a unit. The raw gas duct 5 can be seen on the one side and on the other the clean gas duct 6, both of which are designed more or less the same. This also makes it clear that flue and clean gas ducts 5, 6 are connected at about the same level to the filter housings 2, 3. The part housings 25, 26, 27, 28, each of which having a swiveling door 53 to one side can be seen, so that, where necessary, the filter elements 9, 10, 11 can be reached. The roof of the filter housing 2, 3 is marked 23.

(19) Underneath the filter housing 2, 3 there is a discharge unit 12, here a chain scraper conveyor 42, over which the filtered or separated dust can be transported on. Alternatively, a hopper can also be used as discharge unit.

(20) FIG. 2 shows the filter housing 2, 3 of the dry filter 1 from above and in a sectional view, so that the individual filter elements 9, 10, 11 can be seen. Connecting elements are attached between the filter housings 2, 3 at the side frames 19, 20, so that these housings 2, 3 can be connected quickly and easily, which is otherwise made clear as well in the rear view in FIG. 3. The individual filter elements 9, 10, 11 and the areas surrounding them are sealed against the outer wall 49 of the filter housing 2, 3, namely by means of a sealing bead 51, which is not shown in detail, which is bypassed by a copper strand 52, so that a negative electrical charge of the interior space of the individual filter elements 9, 10, 11 can be prevented.

(21) A ventilating fan 50, which is not shown here in detail, is integrated in the area of the clean gas duct 6.

(22) FIG. 2a to FIG. 2c show the layout of a copper strand 52 at the filter elements 9, 10, 11, in order—as already mentioned—to prevent negative charging of the interior space. The copper strand 52 bypasses the sealing bead 51 and is connected to the outer wall 49 of the filter housing 2, 3. For easier assembly, the copper strand 52 is fitted at the end with an eye 54. The swivelling doors of the individual filter housings 2, 3 are marked 53.

(23) The situation or arrangement of the partition wall 8 is made clear by means of FIG. 6, whereby it can also be seen here that the raw gas flowing in through the raw gas duct 5 is led over the downwards slanting partition wall 8 in such a way that the filter elements 9, 10, 11 can become effective, so that the purified raw gas can then be discharged via the clean gas duct 6, which lies underneath the raw gas duct 5. The partition wall 8 runs approximately in the filter housing horizontal 15, so that a large separation plane is available for guiding the raw gas and then the clean gas.

(24) The frame construction 17 of the filter housing 2 and 3 forms a sturdy framework into which the individual part housings 25, 26, 27, 28 can be inserted from the side, as shown in FIG. 1. At the end of the frame construction 17 are the side frames 19, 20, which, as shown in FIG. 2, enable the connection of the two filter housings 2 and 3 and namely great effort. The roof 23 is placed above on top of the frame construction 17, while the side walls are not separately identified here. The part housings 25-28 are clamped via the side frames 19, 20 or fastened to the frame construction 18.

(25) Each filter housing 2 and 3 has the same number of part housings 25-28, 28′. End panels 33, 34 are located at the respective ends of the frame construction 17, which are attached in the same way as the side frames 19, 20 and which serve at the same time as raw gas inlet 21 and clean gas discharge 22 or are connected to the raw gas duct 5 and the clean gas duct 6 respectively. The screw holes 30, 31 are arranged over the length and width of the side frames 19, 20 and also in the area of the end panels 33, 34, in order to enable quick and secure coupling.

(26) FIG. 4 shows the raw gas inlet 21 with the partition wall 8 sloping to the roof 23. The individual filter elements are not shown here. The different screw holes 30 at the side frames 19, 19′ can be seen. With these screw holes 30 coupling to the next filter housing 3 or coupling of the end panels 33, 34, not shown here, is possible as well.

(27) FIG. 5 in turn makes clear that the partition wall 8 seen from the clean gas duct 6 or the clean gas discharge 22 respectively slants downwards to the bottom. A corresponding large cross section is available, which corresponds to the one at the raw gas inlet 21. Screw holes 31 are provided here as well, which enable the coupling of the end panel 33 or 34, or of another filter housing 2, if the partition wall 8 has to be inserted adjusted accordingly.

(28) FIG. 7 shows the raw gas duct 5 with its raw gas inlet. A protective screen 38 is assigned to it, which is shaped in the form of a funnel in the direction of flow of the raw gas. The corresponding can be easily recognised. This protective grating 38 is inserted in such a way that it can removed easily for cleaning. It is intended for trapping the coarse parts of the dust. In addition, this protective grating 38 can be cleaned via additional flaps.

(29) The inverter 39 of the chain scraper conveyor is shown in FIG. 8, whereby here it has a quick-release axle 40 that is pushed into a sliding block 41 with graphite bearings, so that maintenance can be practically done without; this is advantageous because it means that the confined conditions underground can be taken into account. The chain scraper conveyor is shown as such in FIG. 1 and identified with 42.

(30) The upper frame 43 in the area of the inverter 39 is shown in FIG. 9, whereby a rubber scraper 44 can be seen in the area of the inlet into this inverter. The scraper frees the incoming carriers of the chain scraper conveyor 42 evenly of deposits of fine dust.

(31) Precise running of the carriers of the chain scraper conveyors 42 into the inverter 39 is ensured through a retaining device 55, which, according to FIG. 10, has the shape of a roller. In this way, damage to this area is avoided and at the same time secure guidance of the carriers or of the complete chain scraper conveyor 42 is ensured.

(32) The raw gas duct 5 in FIG. 11 has a bottom 47 that is formed of light grid panels 48. In this way, the fine dust that is separated from the gentle air flow above it can fall safely through the light grids onto the chain scraper conveyor 42 underneath and then be disposed of.

(33) FIG. 12 shows a filter housing 2, 3 in section. It can be seen that the flue duct 5 runs above the filter elements 9 from which the raw gas flows into the filter elements 9, 10, 11 in order to be freed from the accompanying dust. The air, which is now referred to as clean gas, flows past the elements for cleaning 57 into the vertical and then horizontally arranged clean gas duct 6. The chain scraper conveyor 42 forms the pedestal 60 of the filter housing 2, 3 here, namely without significantly increasing the overall height of the named unit. The bottom 47′ is designed as a grating.

(34) In the embodiment of the filter housing 2, 3 in FIG. 13, a funnel-shaped hopper 56 is provided in addition between the filter elements 9, 10, 11 and the conveyor with discharge unit 12. The feet 60 here are sturdy pipe sections. The hopper 56 can be dimensioned as required, whereby the local situation determines the height.

(35) As a general rule, in underground mining in particular several filter housings 2, 3 are arranged in a row and assembled into a unit. In FIG. 14, two filter housings 2, 3 are assembled next to each other, whereby additional twin housings in a row can be used. Whereas filter elements 9 and 9′ are designed in the same way as the single housings, the clean and raw gas ducts 6, 5 arranged above each form a component 61. An embodiment of this type is advantageous with large air volumes in particular, because very large ducts can be made available.

(36) FIG. 15 shows a dust extractor in which not only are two filter elements 9, 9′ arranged next to one another, but two are arranged one above the other.

(37) At a single glance FIG. 16 makes the great advantages clear that the dry filter according to the invention makes possible. Because the flue and the clean gas duct 5, 6 are designed so that one is directly above the other, the raw gas can reach and flow through the filter elements that are arranged underneath over the whole length. Instead of 1.85 m.sup.2, as shown in the left-hand layout, there is now 3.73 m.sup.2 available, whereby, for example, with an accruing raw gas volume of 600 m.sup.3, the air speed falls from 5.4 m/s to 2.68 m/s, which leads to improved dust separation, because the lower air speed supports the depositing of dust on the filter elements 9, 10, 11. Whereas with the left-hand layout the partition wall 8 is arranged vertically and runs at a slant, thus making the raw gas field continuously smaller and the clean gas field larger, in the right-hand layout, that is the layout according to the invention, the complete raw gas field is available to the raw gas over the whole length of the filter housing 2, 3. In FIG. 15, the overall height of the filter housing 2, 3 is maintained by the partition wall 8 being designed to run up from the raw gas inlet 21 in the direction of the clean gas discharge 22 sloping to the roof 23 of the filter housing 2, 3. Because the “remaining” amount of raw gas for the filter housing end is reduced naturally, the advantageous low air speed can be maintained in spite of the “reducing” raw gas duct volume.

(38) All the above-mentioned characteristics, including those that can be seen solely in the drawings, are regarded as essential to the invention individually and in combination.