Lithium carbonate production device

Abstract

A lithium carbonate production device is provided which can efficiently produce lithium carbonate without requiring a large pressure for supplying carbon dioxide gas, by a simple structure. A lithium carbonate production device (1) includes: a sealed reaction tank (2) which stores a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A; a supply unit (3) for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution; a carbon dioxide gas supply unit (4); a circulation unit (21) for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution; and a nozzle which is provided at the head of the circulation unit (21) for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, and has a diameter which gradually decreases from a base end side to a head side.

Claims

1. A lithium carbonate production device comprising: a sealed reaction tank that stores lithium hydroxide aqueous solution; a supply unit for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, which supplies the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution to the reaction tank; a carbon dioxide gas supply unit that supplies carbon dioxide gas to a space above a liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution in the reaction tank; a circulation unit for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, which circulates the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution that is stored in the reaction tank through the reaction tank, drops the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution from above the liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution into the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution in the reaction tank, entrains carbon dioxide gas in the reaction tank into a stream of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, introduces the carbon dioxide gas into the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution that is stored in the reaction tank, and causes the carbon dioxide gas to react with the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution to form lithium carbonate; and a nozzle that is provided at a head of the circulation unit for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, and has a diameter which decreases gradually from a base end side to a head side.

2. The lithium carbonate production device according to claim 1, wherein the reaction tank comprises a pressure detecting unit that detects a pressure of carbon dioxide gas stored in the reaction tank, and the carbon dioxide gas supply unit comprises an on-off valve which opens and closes in response to the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas detected by the pressure detecting unit.

3. The lithium carbonate production device according to claim 1, wherein the reaction tank comprises a pH detecting unit that detects a pH of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the reaction tank.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a lithium carbonate production device in the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing one example of the structure of a reaction tank in the lithium carbonate production device in the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(3) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(4) As is shown in FIG. 1, a lithium carbonate production device 1 of the present embodiment comprises: a sealed reaction tank 2 which stores a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A; a supply unit 3 for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, which supplies the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A to the reaction tank 2; and a carbon dioxide gas supply unit 4 which supplies carbon dioxide gas to the reaction tank 2.

(5) The supply unit 3 for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution comprises: a dissolving tank 31 which prepares a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A, by dissolving lithium recovered from used lithium ion secondary batteries or the like, in ion-exchanged water; and a supply conduit 32 which supplies the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A obtained in the dissolving tank 31, to the reaction tank 2. The dissolving tank 31 comprises a stirring blade 34 which is rotationally driven by a motor 33 and stirs lithium and ion-exchanged water. In addition, in a middle of the supply conduit 32, there are provided a first pump 35, a filter press 36, a filtration tank 37, a second pump 38 and a microfiltration device 39, in this order from the dissolving tank 31 side.

(6) The carbon dioxide gas supply unit 4 comprises a carbon dioxide gas cylinder 41 as a carbon dioxide gas supply source; and a carbon dioxide gas conduit 42 which supplies carbon dioxide gas from the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 41 to the reaction tank 2. In a middle of the carbon dioxide gas conduit 42, there are provided a regulator 43, a sulfuric acid tank 44, a pure water tank 45 and a solenoid valve 46, in order from the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 41 side.

(7) As is shown in FIG. 2, the reaction tank 2 comprises: a circulation conduit 21 as a circulation unit for the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, which is provided outside; and a circulation pump 22 which is provided in a middle of the circulation conduit 21. One end portion of the circulation conduit 21 is connected to the bottom of the reaction tank 2; and on the other hand, the other end portion is inserted into the reaction tank 2 from the top face of the reaction tank 2, and is opened above the liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A which is stored in the reaction tank 2. In addition, the circulation conduit 21 comprises a nozzle (not shown) at the end portion which opens above the liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A, and the diameter of the nozzle gradually decreases from the base end side to the head side.

(8) In addition, an end portion of the supply conduit 32 and an end portion of the carbon dioxide gas conduit 42 are inserted in the top face of the reaction tank 2, and both of them are opened above the liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A which is stored in the reaction tank 2.

(9) Furthermore, the reaction tank 2 comprises: an atmosphere release valve (not shown) which releases gas in the reaction tank 2 into the atmosphere; a pressure sensor (not shown) as a pressure detecting unit which detects the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas stored in the reaction tank 2; and a pH meter (not shown) as a pH detecting unit which detects the pH of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A stored in the reaction tank 2.

(10) Next, an operation of the lithium carbonate production device 1 of the present embodiment will be described.

(11) When lithium carbonate is produced by the lithium carbonate production device 1, firstly, the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A is taken out from the dissolving tank 31, and is supplied to the reaction tank 2 through the supply conduit 32. At this time, in the reaction tank 2, the air release valve is opened, and thereby the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A can be easily supplied.

(12) Next, carbon dioxide gas is supplied from the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 41 to the space above the liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A in the reaction tank 2, through the carbon dioxide gas conduit 42. At this time, in the reaction tank 2, the air release valve is opened, and thereby, the air stored in the space can be replaced with carbon dioxide gas supplied through the carbon dioxide gas conduit 42, and the space can be filled with carbon dioxide gas.

(13) After the space above the liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A is filled with carbon dioxide gas, the circulation pump 22 is operated to circulate the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A stored in the reaction tank 2, in the reaction tank 2 through the circulation conduit 21, and to drop the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A, into the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A, from above the liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A. At this time, because a nozzle (not shown) is provided at the end portion of the circulation conduit 21, which opens above the liquid surface of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A, the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A circulated through the circulation conduit 21 is discharged from the nozzle, forms a rod-shaped stream, and drops vigorously into the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A stored in the reaction tank 2.

(14) As a result, the carbon dioxide gas filled in the reaction tank 2 is entrained in the rod-shaped stream of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A, is introduced into the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A stored in the reaction tank 2, and reacts with the lithium hydroxide to form lithium carbonate. In addition, the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A stored in the reaction tank 2 results in being stirred by the rod-shaped stream falling from above, and accordingly, the production device can efficiently produce lithium carbonate without using a stirring device or the like.

(15) When lithium carbonate is produced in this manner, carbon dioxide gas in the reaction tank 2 is consumed as lithium carbonate is formed, and the pressure thereof gradually decreases. Then, the lithium carbonate production device 1 of the present embodiment opens and closes the solenoid valve 46 provided in the carbon dioxide gas conduit 42, in response to the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas detected by the pressure sensor.

(16) Specifically, the production device opens the solenoid valve 46 when the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas detected by the pressure sensor has reached a predetermined lower limit value due to the consumption of the carbon dioxide gas, and closes the solenoid valve 46 when the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas has reached a predetermined upper limit value due to the carbon dioxide gas supplied through the carbon dioxide gas conduit 42. By doing in this way, the production device can keep the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas in the reaction tank 2 in a predetermined range, and can produce lithium carbonate further efficiently.

(17) When lithium carbonate is produced as in the above description, lithium hydroxide in the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A which is stored in the reaction tank 2 is consumed as lithium carbonate is formed. Here, the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A is strongly alkaline and has a high pH value; but as lithium carbonate is formed, lithium hydroxide is consumed, and the pH gradually decreases. Then, the reaction tank can easily know the end time of the reaction, due to the pH meter having detected that the pH of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution A has reached a predetermined lower limit value.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

(18) 1 Lithium carbonate production device

(19) 2 Reaction tank

(20) 3 Supply unit for lithium hydroxide aqueous solution

(21) 4 Carbon dioxide gas supply unit

(22) 21 Circulation unit for lithium hydroxide aqueous solution.